PROJECT:

TBD

REFERENCE:

TBD
1

ISSUE:

14

NB PAGES:

12.08.2015

DATE:

DOCUMENT TITLE

Modular Construction: Using Composites

SUMMARY
This document describes the research findings based on the study
conducted by the presenter.

Presenter/Preparer(s)

Approver

Authorizer

Name(s):
Nor Azrin Bin Nor Azman

Name:

Name:

Position:
Graduate Consultant Engineer

Position:

Position:

SAM 2014. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

This document and all information contained herein is the sole property of SAM Aerospace Malaysia (SAM) Sdn. Bhd. No intellectual property rights are granted by the delivery of this document or the disclosure of its content. This document shall not be reproduced or disclosed to a third party without the
express written consent of SAM Aerospace Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. This document and its content shall not be used for any purpose other than that for which it is supplied.

1. Overview

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2. Background

Modular Construction

Figure 1 shows general overview of modern modular construction (MMC) [1]

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3. Background

Feather-Weight

Figure 2: Lightweight properties of composite could improve transportation efficiency

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3. Background

Feather-Weight

Point B

Point A

Figure 2: Lightweight properties of composite could improve transportation efficiency

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16000
kg
From Point A

High Fuel
Consumpti
on

To Point B

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Ideal Open
Space Layout

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Weight Saving
Wide Living
Space
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Composite Prepreg

Composite I-beam

Composite SHS
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Lightweight

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High Strength-To-Weight ratio

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1. Problem Statement

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1. Problem Statement

Module 1
6 meters

Module 1

Module 2

12 meters
Floor Beam
Module 1

12 meters
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1. Problem Statement

Dead (self weight) + Live(occupants)

Fixed
End

Fixed
End
12 meters

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12 meters
Deflection

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5. Findings

Weight

Material

Improvement
(%)

Steel

Carbon Fibre

79

Glass Fibre

77

17

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5. Findings

Deflection

Deflection Limit = 34mm

Material

I-Beam (%)

SHS (%)

Steel

Carbon Fibre

-42

-63

Glass Fibre

200

200
18

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5. Findings

Factor of Safety

FoS >= 2

Material

I-Beam (%)

SHS (%)

Steel

Carbon Fibre

138

Glass Fibre

14

-44
19

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6. Conclusion
Significant improvement observed
Weight Saving
Approximately 70% weight loss over metal
Deflection
Carbon fibre composite reduced beam deflection by
50%
Glass fibre composite deflects 200 times more than
steel
Factor of Safety
Carbon fibre composite 138 times stronger than steel
Glass fibre composite almost 40 times weaker than
steel

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8. Recommendation

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7. Conclusion and
Recommendations
Table 7: Recommended research area that could improve the output accuracy

Area
Material
Data

Load Cases
Joining
Method
Environment

Description
Experimental value needed
Non-linear gives better prediction

Test for multiple directions

Fastener checks
Attachment with other components
Earthquake
Fire

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9. List Of References

Reference
Number

Document title

[1]

Mike Riley and Alison Cotgrave, Construction Technology 2:

Industrial and Commercial Building, Surrey: Palgrave Macmillan,
2014.

[2]

Mark Lawson, Building Design Using Modules, Silwood Park: SCI

Publication, 2007

[3]

Mark Lawson, Ray Ogden and Chris Goodier, Design in Modular

Construction, Florida: CRC Press, 2014.

[4]

N.A. Nor Azman, Finite Element Analysis of Composite Beams in

Modular Buildings, Wrexham: Glyndwr University, 2015

[5]

John L. Clarke, Structural Design of Polymer Composites:

EUROCOMP Design Code and Handbook, London: E & FN SPON,
1996.

[6]

Guido Dhondt, Eight-node shell element (S8 and S8R),

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2 March 2014. [Online].
Available:
http://web.mit.edu/calculix_v2.7/CalculiX/ccx_2.7/doc/ccx/node39.ht
ml. [Accessed 19 April 2015]

[7]

J. Loughlan, Thin-Walled Structures, Danvers: CRC Press, 2004.

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Module 1

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Module 2

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Module 2

Module 1

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Module 1

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6 meters

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Module 2

Module 1

6 meters

6 meters

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Module 2

Module 1

Module 1
12 meters

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6 meters

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Module 1

Module 2

Module 1

Module 2

Module 1

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