ICSE X | Geography

Sample Paper 1 Solution

ICSE Board
Class X Geography
Sample Paper 1 Solution
PART I (30 Marks)
Answer 1
a) South east
b) Pattern of drainage in grid square 2315 is radial.
c) The region has seasonal dry streams and a dry tank.
d) 3 to 4 km.
e) While a verbal scale shows a relationship between a map distance and a ground distance,
Representative Scale tells us the ratio of distance on map to that on the ground.
f) (i) 2216,2215
(ii) 2110
g) Cultivation is the main occupation of the people as the area is shown in the yellow
colour. Since there is also the green patch, it shows that the occupation of the people
is the collection of forest produce.
h) 2115- contours are far apart and thus it shows a gentle slope.
1811- contours are close representing steep slopes.
i)
i. The fire line is to prevent fire
ii. The pipeline is for supplying water from the Kodra reservoir
j) The red square in grid square 2514 represent a temporary settlement
4r in grid square 1612 represent the relative height of embankment which is 4m.

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ICSE X | Geography
Sample Paper 1 Solution

Answer 2

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ICSE X | Geography
Sample Paper 1 Solution

Part II
Answer 3
a) Two types of cyclonic systems that affect India and two areas that receive rainfall
from them are:
i. Westerly depression which affects Punjab and Haryana.
ii. Tropical cyclones that affect the state of Tamil Nadu.
b) Two important characteristics of the south west monsoon rainfall are:
i. It is orographic in nature. This means that the distribution of rainfall is largely
governed by topography or the relief features. For example it rains heavily in the
north eastern region of the country due to the presence of mountains.
ii. The rainfall is uneven and unreliable.
c) Geographical reasons:
i. Malabar Coast gets heavy rainfall from the south west monsoon in July, while the
state of Tamil Nadu remains dry during the season. This is because Tamil Nadu is
located parallel to the Bay of Bengal branch of the south west monsoon.
ii. Since the northern plains lie in the interior of the continent and are not
influenced by the moderate influence of the sea, they experience continental
type of climate.
iii. Regions lying on the windward side of the mountains receive heavier rainfall
than the regions lying on to the leeward side of the mountains. Since central
Maharashtra lies on the leeward side of the Western Ghats, it receives little
rainfall.
d) i. Annual rainfall experienced by all the stations= sum total of rainfall during all the
twelve months= 114.3 cm.
ii. The name of the station is Tamil Nadu as the temperature remains moderate
through out the year and the rainfall is heaviest during the beginning of winter
season.
Season during which rainfall is heaviest is during the months of retreating
monsoon and in winter. It rains the heaviest in the month of October.

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ICSE X | Geography
Sample Paper 1 Solution

Answer 4
a) Rainwater harvesting is a method of collecting rain water for use before it reaches
the ground. Generally, rainwater is collected from the roof top through pipes and
stored in underground storing structures.
It is useful because it collects rainwater and stores it for domestic use. Further, it also helps
in recharging the underground water table.

b) Two techniques of rain water harvesting are:

Collection of rain water from the rooftop through pipes into an underground
structure.
o Excess of water collected through rainfall may be taken to wells which further helps in
well and underground water recharge.
c) Tube wells are extensively used in the states of Punjab and Western Uttar Pradesh. It is an
important source of irrigation as it irrigates large areas of land in comparatively less time
and it can irrigate the fields throughout the year.
d) Water conservation is required because:
o The demand for water is on the rise due to the increase in population and urban
centres in the country.
o Many water resources like rivers, lakes, ponds etc are getting polluted.
o Overuse of water has resulted in the lowering of the water table in many regions.
o

Answer 5
a) Coal is the most abundantly found fossil fuel in India. Its three major forms are Anthracite,
Bituminous and Lignite.
b) Characteristics of each of the forms are:
Anthracite: It is the highest quality of coal as it is hard in nature.
Lignite: It is a low grade coal. It is soft with a high moisture content.
Bituminous: It is popularly used in various industries. High grade bituminous coal is used
in blast furnaces for smelting iron.
c) Two major oil fields in India are:
o Digboi oil field: It is located in Lakhimpur district of Upper Assam. It produces 4 lakh
tones of crude oil annually.
o Mumbai High: It is located about 176 km off Mumbai in the Arabian Sea. It is one of the
most productive oil fields in India.
d) Minerals are used as raw materials in various industries and hence are indispensable for
the rapid industrialisation of the country.
They are exported in huge quantities by many countries and hence bring valuable foreign
exchange into the country.

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ICSE X | Geography
Sample Paper 1 Solution

Answer 6
a) A riverine port is a port which is located on the river front. Kolkata is a riverine port
in India.
b) Two demerits of air travel are:
o It is the costliest means of transport and hence is out of the reach of the
common people.
o Unlike roads and railways, air ways have still not connected the smallest cities
to the large cities.
c) Four characteristics of the Kandla port are:
o
o
o

After the loss of Karachi port to Pakistan, it has eased the pressure on the Mumbai
port which was created due to voluminous trade.
It is a tidal port. It means that the water level in the port changes with the occurrence
of oceanic tides.
It handles the exports and imports of the agricultural and industrial regions that are
located in the north and north western parts of the country.

d) i. Grand Trunk Road.

ii. National Highway Authority of India.
iii. Kandla port in Gujarat.

Answer 7
a) The petrochemical industry is an industry that produces chemicals using petroleum and its
products as major raw materials. Two products made from petrochemicals are synthetic
rubber and plastic.
b) Two reasons for the importance of the electronic industry in Indias development are:
o This industry has improved the communication in the country. For example, the
Indian Telephone Industry, Space technology supported by the electronic industry
have helped in the growth and development of communication.
o Electronic industry has contributed significantly towards the strengthening of
defenses.
c) With reference to Visveswaraya iron and steel industry, following are the answers:
i. Visveswaraya iron and steel industry is located at Bhadravati in the state of Karnataka.
ii. It gets iron ore from Kemmangundi mines from Chikmangalure district in Karnataka
and power supply from Jog hydroelectric and Shravati power project.
d) i. Mumbai
ii. Varanasi
iii Germany

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ICSE X | Geography
Sample Paper 1 Solution

Answer 8
a) Two objectives of agro forestry are:
o To make the best use of all the available resources like land, soil etc. and to
obtain a variety of forest products and agricultural crops on the same piece of
land.
o To check the possibility of soil erosion and floods by planting trees in the crop
lands.
b) Three trees found in the monsoon deciduous forests are teak, sal and sandalwood.
Their uses are:
o The wood of sal is used for making doors, windows, railway sleepers etc.
o Teak is used for construction purposes, making furniture, ship building and
bridges.
o Sandalwood is used for manufacturing incensed soap and oil.
c) i. Ever green forests are found in Lakshadweep Island, Andaman and Nicobar
Islands, Hills of the north eastern region, the western slopes of the Western Ghats
and the coast of Tamil Nadu.
ii. The Himalayan moist temperate forests are found in the Himalayan region from
Kashmir to Sikkim and Arunanchal Pradesh ranging froman altitude of 1500m to
3300m.
iii. Dry deciduous forests are found in some areas of Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra,
Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
d) Two features of social forestry are:
o To grow plantations with the support of the local communities.
o To distribute the benefits of forestry equally among the people belonging to the
backward castes and classes.

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ICSE X | Geography
Sample Paper 1 Solution

Answer 9
a) The word agriculture is derived from two Latin words, ager meaning land and
culture, which means cultivation. The essential purpose of agriculture is the
production of food from land for the consumption of either man or animals.
b) A genuinely vast swathe of level land which can be conveniently tilled, a soil that is
rich in terms of nutrients, wide climatic variations that are suited for a multitude of
crops, adequate and uninhibited sunshine and a long growing season are the
essential conditions for continued development of Indian agriculture.
c) Agricultural plays an important role in the Indian economy in the following ways:
i. It provides food for the ever increasing Indian population and fodder for the
livestock in the country.
ii. It generates working capital for non-agricultural development, supplies raw
materials for agro-based industries such as textile, food processing, sugar,
vanaspati production, etc.
iii. It provides for a huge part of the market for industrial goods, especially the farm
inputs like fertilisers, pesticides, implements, machinery, etc.
d) The main features of shifting agriculture are as follows:
i. A patch of forest land is cleared by cutting and burning off the remaining stumps.
The ash is then sprinkled and spread about on the field as manure.
ii. After the land is cleared of trees, seeds are sown in the ground. Neither
ploughing of the soil nor any other agricultural procedures are followed in this
form of cultivation.
iii. After 2-3 years, when the soil fertility is lost, the fields are abandoned.
Answer 10
a) When accumulated solid wastes are left uncared for in the open, they start
decomposing. A number of pathogenic or disease causing bacteria, viruses and fungi
proliferate in such wastes. Flies, insects, rodents, etc thrive in such wastes and carry
disease germs to human habitations. Further, decomposition of wastes produces
harmful gases that pollute the air around us.
b) Burning of coal, fuel wood or petroleum produces sulphur and nitrogen which react
with oxygen and are converted into their respective oxides sulphur oxide and
nitrogen dioxide. These oxides react with water vapour present in the atmosphere
to form acids like sulphuric acid and nitric acid. The acids precipitate with rain to
form acid rain.
c) Biomagnification means increasing the concentration of various toxic substances
along the food chain. Toxic substances at the level of primary producers get
concentrated at each trophic level as they move up the food chain. The phenomenon
of concentrated toxic deposition at the higher trophic level is called bioaccumulation.
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ICSE X | Geography
Sample Paper 1 Solution

d) Open decomposing waste not only mars the natural beauty of the land but also
provides a thriving ground for rats and other disease carrying organisms. Both open
dumps and landfills are likely to contain poisonous substances that seep into the
groundwater or flow into streams and lakes.
Answer 11
a) Following are the advantages of Ratooning:
i. In Ratooning, the crop need not be planted again, it saves labour.
ii. The Ratoon matures early.
iii. This method is cheaper as it does not involve any extra inputs.
b) Sugarcane may be planted by seeds. However, this method has become obsolete. It is
practiced only in some states where the yield of the sugarcane crop is not very high.
Sugarcane is planted in furrows and covered with soil. There is enough distance
between rows (30-45) cm to facilitate hoeing, weeding, irrigation and harvesting. In
some parts of the country, it is cultivated as a mixed crop too.
c) Harvesting of the sugarcane crop is done before the cane begins to flower. In north
India, it is harvested before the winters to protect it from frost. The crop is
harvested by cutting it with a long, curved knife. The stalks have to be cut as near as
possible to the ground because the base of the stem has the highest sucrose content.
The cane harvest and crushing operations begin in October-November and continue
till April.
d) After harvesting, the canes have to be processed within 48 hours in order to
preserve their sucrose content. In the mills, the cane is crushed between rollers and
then boiled with lime. The juice crystallizes and forms raw brown sugar. This
process is different from refining which is reprocessing of sugar for making brown
and white sugar of different grades. About two thirds of the sugarcane in India is
used by the jaggery (gur) and khandsari making industries and only about a third is
used for making sugar.

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