Note Cards

1. Topic: Why sign language wasnt accepted as a language.
Citation: "Development of American Sign Language." Deaf Culture and Cochlear

Implants. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Oct. 2015.
Evidence: Many people thought it was just some form of moving hands with no
real meaning behind it.
How this supports my topic: People didnt think must of sign language, believing
there was no meaning behind the sign markers and that the deaf were
uneducated.
2. Topic: Why deaf people were viewed as inferior to verbal users.

Citation: "Development of American Sign Language." Deaf Culture and
Cochlear Implants. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Oct. 2015.
Evidence: The only thing separating the animals and humans was the trait of
speech, without being able to speak; many deaf people were called
animals or savages
How this support my topic: People viewed the deaf as uneducated because
they were very similar to animals, being they couldnt speak. Even to the point
where they called the deaf mentally defective and insane
3. Topic: Why was educating the deaf complicated and limited?

Implants. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Oct. 2015
Evidence: In the late 1600s people began to try to educate the deaf. This was so
expensive, however, only rich people could afford to have their deaf children
taught. Still there were only a handful of teachers and they were hard to find.
How this supports my topic: Teachers for the deaf were limited, and even if there
were enough teachers usually only the rich could afford schooling. Also the deaf
students who did receive schooling focused on basic sign opposed to a form of
communication.
4. Topic: How did the industrial revolution aid in deaf individuals education?
Evidence: One of the first schools that opened that consisted of a formal school
based education was founded by Charles-Michel de epe and sign language was
consistently used. Many Europeans no longer believed that the deaf were
uneducable and supported advances in schooling.
How this supports my topic: With the creation of many schools and the highlight
of this school, it proved to verbal users that deaf people were capable of
schooling. This also shows the contrast of how Oralism was accepted more over
manulism.
5. Topic: What was the difference between Europe and the United States on
their treatment toward deaf education?
Evidence: Hearing people did not see the deaf of worthy of educating and they
felt it took too much time away from other students to teach deaf ones how to
sign. Schools systems switched to a teaching method of Oralism.
How this supports my topic: While in Europe they tried helping and even sending
deaf students to schools, the United States found it time consuming to teach the
deaf and focused on the verbal students.
6. Topic: Why was development intellectually and morally for deaf individuals?
Evidence: If students couldnt lip-read then they simply wouldnt be educated.
Most of society kept the mindset that the deaf could only participate in society,
develop morally and intellectually, and hold employment if they developed
speech
How this support my topic: Since deaf students couldnt participate in classes
they didnt gain an education, also since they couldnt speak they couldnt hold
employment and would be isolated from society.
7. Topic: The establishment of Columbia Institution for the instruction of the
Deaf and dumb and blind, changed into a college for the deaf.
Citation: History of Gallaudet University - Gallaudet University." History of
Gallaudet University - Gallaudet University. Gallaudet University, 2014. Web. 06
Oct. 2015.
Evidence: Donated two acres of his estate in northwest Washington, D.C.to
establish the Columbia Institution for the instructions of the deaf and dumb and
blind/ Congress authorized the institution to confer college degrees in 1864.
How this supports my topic: It shows how the creation of a school for the deaf in
the United States can approve the education for deaf students, also it provides a
higher learning for those who have already been through basic schooling.
8. Topic: How did the rename of the college signify the rebirth
Citation: History of Gallaudet University - Gallaudet University." History of
Gallaudet University - Gallaudet University. Gallaudet University, 2014. Web. 06
Oct. 2015.
Evidence: In 1894 the name of the college portion of the institution was changed
to Gallaudet college/ In 1969, President Lyndon Johnson
How this supports my topic: Along with the presidents signing the diplomas, the
change of the name showed how they would focus more on the deaf and hearing
impaired.
9. Topic: Was Gallaudet University the turning point for deaf students in the
United States?
10.Evidence: Deaf students in other states couldnt always afford to travel and
attend the schools.
How this supports my topic: That many deaf families were limited and couldnt
afford to send their children to schools, leaving many deaf people without an
education.
11.Topic: Why were the deaf discriminated against?
Citation: Deaf Culture and Cochlear Implants." Deaf Culture and Cochlear
Evidence: Hearing people looked down upon [the deaf]/ many deaf people were
called animals or savages
How this supports my topic: Since many people didnt understand the deaf, they
didnt try to and saw the deaf as dumb or disabled.
12.Topic: How did discrimination bring the deaf together?
Evidence: When hearing people wouldnt give them a chance, they had to find a
way to support each other. Homemade signs were invented before ASL ever came
around, as a form of communication and endearment
How this supports my topic: It pulled people together to create home signs, even
before ASL became official proving there was a community for the deaf before
even they knew it.
13.Topic: How do the deaf identify themselves?
Evidence: Unlike our hearing culture where identity is respected, group identity is
more important in deaf culture. Deaf individuals dont need to be unique to one
another, because they are already considered unique to the rest of the world
How this supports my topic: Since deaf people stand out in a verbal world they
already stand out individually, however, this causes them trouble to fit into a
group. Having the deaf community it gives them a sense of belonging, and thats
why they focus more on group identity.
14.Topic: How the deaf perceive their inability to hear?
Evidence: Deafness is not considered a disability, instead it is looked upon as a
way of learning and living and transmitting a culture. Deaf students reach out to
other deaf students and invite them into this community.
How this supports my topic: The deaf accept the fact that theyre deaf and dont
try and change it, they even create communities and reach out to other deaf
neighbors.
15.Topic: How many dialects of sign language are there and how does it affect
deaf culture.
Citation: Web log post. British Sign Language Dialects. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct.
2015.
Hallet, Emma. "England's Regional Sign Language Dialects 'in Decline' - BBC
News." BBC News. BBC News, 24 Apr. 2014. Web. 07 Oct. 2015.
Evidence: BSl I not a standard universal language.
Regional variation is something that is part of the richness of the culture and how
the language developed.
How this supports my topic: It emphasizes how BSL has different dialects and that
based off the many dialects it illustrates how sign language came to be.
16.Topic: How are sign language dialects declining?
Citation: Hallet, Emma. "England's Regional Sign Language Dialects 'in Decline' BBC News." BBC News. BBC News, 24 Apr. 2014. Web. 07 Oct. 2015.
Evidence: Researchers say regional variations that produced twenty-two ways of
signing the word purple are dying out.
How this supports my topic: The younger people are using them less, while some
rarely use It at all. Younger people are abandoning the traditional regional sign
language that were in use of older signers.
17.Topic: Is the decline in dialect the only factor in destroying deaf culture?
Citation: Hallet, Emma. "England's Regional Sign Language Dialects 'in Decline' BBC News." BBC News. BBC News, 24 Apr. 2014. Web. 07 Oct. 2015.
"The Cochlear Implant Controversy." CBSNews. CBS Interactive, 02 June 1998.
Web. 06 Oct. 2015.
Evidence: it is clear that British sign language is undergoing rapid changes.
For some in the deaf community, Cis [cochlear implants] are an affront to their
culture.
How this supports my topic: Dialect declines have threatened sign language
culture, however, with the use of cochlear implants those who receive them are
told no longer to sign.
18.Topic: How do the deaf view Cochlear implants and what is the
controversy?
Evidence: Some of these people even begin to prefer hearing society since they
have longed to be a part of this community for so long.
Deaf individuals are faced with choosing their loyalty to the deaf community or
fulfilling a dream of hearing.
How this supports my topic: The views are varied, some approve of the implants
since they have longed to belong to the hearing community. The other side see it
as verbal speakers trying to fix the deaf and see there is nothing wrong with
each other.
19.Topic: Children have no say in Cis

Evidence: Children are not old enough to give informed consent; therefore,
parents are responsible for giving doctors permission.
Nine out of ten children who are born deaf are born to parents who hear.
How this supports my topic: This goes back to how verbal users want to fix their
children by getting them cochlear implants, they may believe that its helping but
it doesnt restore all of their hearing. Also the parents would never understand or
know how their children would feel about whether theyd like implants.
20.Topic: How do cochlear implants affect a childs life?
Evidence: Deaf children with implants instead, grow up not belonging to either a
hearing community or a deaf one, which leads to isolation.
How this supports my topic: Not only were deaf people separated from verbal
users, but with implants it divides them from both sides. They are trying to
communicate verbally but cannot correctly speak and put together sentences.
While they try that, they cannot use ASL since it discouraged by the surgeons.
21.Topic: What happens to those who choose the implants?
Evidence: The adults that have agreed to get a cochlear implant are also
beginning to see a form of rejection.
How this supports my topic: By those who see being Deaf as a blessing, they see
those who get CIs as betraying their culture, in which they reject them. Since in
their culture they accept and like being deaf, others are denying it.
22.Topic: Is segregation considered good?
Citation: "Language Barriers: Exploring the Worlds of the Deaf | Butler, Tracey
Skelton, Gill Valentine | Disability Studies Quarterly." Language Barriers: Exploring
the Worlds of the Deaf | Butler, Tracey Skelton, Gill Valentine | Disability Studies
Quarterly. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Oct. 2015
Evidence: Id say yes segregation fundamentally is wrong, however if the kids
that youve got involved in the education are using different language to
everybody else in the school then any kind of integration is going to be
segregated anyway if that makes sense
How this supports my topic: It justifies the separation of the deaf and hearing that
without a mutual understanding of any signed English there will be no
communication between deaf and hearing.
23.Topic: Why is communication between deaf and hearing people?

Citation: "The Cochlear Implant Controversy." CBSNews. CBS Interactive, 02 June
1998. Web. 06 Oct. 2015.
Evidence: The [deaf communitys] perception is that theres nothing wrong.
Theres nothing that needs to be fixed. Our perception is, there is something that
needs to be fixed. So from very foundation, were diverging in our perspectives.
How this supports my topic: This explains how those who are verbal wont try to
understand the deaf, or try to learn any type of sign language and would rather
have them fixed. In which those who are deaf try to communicate with the
verbal users, they are slightly rejected because they dont understand ASL.
24.Topic: Should sign language be a high school class?
Citation: "ASL With Fries." ASL With Fries. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Oct. 2015.
Evidence: Now that I think about it, high schools offer a lot of foreign languages.
Spanish, French, German, Russian, Latinwhoa, waitaminute. Latin? With all due
respect to the classics, what use does the average high school student have for
Latin?
How this supports my topic: Many classes offer foreign languages that may not be
used as often as say Spanish or French, while sign language would be very helpful
in case you met a deaf person.
25.Topic: Without fluent signers who must we rely on?
Evidence: A social worker would follow the deaf their entire life, so the deaf
individual would have a voice.
How this topic supports my voice: Since not everyone can speak or comprehend
sign language, the deaf require an interpreter to communicate with verbal users.
Although social workers are inquired as interpreters they become stretched thin.
26.Topic: How does this affect the social workers negatively?
Evidence: Social workers would become trapped; unable to attend to their jobs
because If they left their deaf companion they wouldnt have a voice.
How this supports my topic: Due to few people signing, the social workers were
constantly needed by the deaf crowd and that prevented social workers from
doing their jobs and if they tried leaving then the deaf wouldnt have anyone to
express their opinions.
27.Topic: Is sign language only for the deaf
Citation: Deaf Communication: Sign Language & Hearing Aids." Disabled World.
N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Oct. 2015.
Evidence: Paget Gorman Signed Speech- A signing system to help those with
language or speech difficulties.
How this supports my topic: Even though sign language is primarily used by the
deaf, it may also be used by though who have speech problems or those wishing
to interact with the deaf.
28.Topic: What advances in sign language has extended communication?
Citation: "Deaf Communication: Sign Language & Hearing Aids." Disabled World.
N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Oct. 2015.
Evidence: Sign supported English- the preferred signing system for hearing people
to communicate with the deaf.
How this supports my topic: It illustrates how verbal users are trying to learn how
to use sign language, as they try to communicate with the deaf.
29.Topic: Even though other view cochlear implants, could they end deaf
segregation?
Evidence: The now hearing adults are able to communicate within these societies
hearing and deaf.
How this supports my topic: Even after all the cons of Cis, it could also end the
barriers between the deaf and verbal speakers with the use of sign language and
with Cis the ability to hear.

30.Topic: Is misunderstanding between the deaf and hearing based off
perspective?
Citation: Bauman, H-Dirksen L. Open Your Eyes: Deaf Studies Talking. Minneapolis:
U of Minnesota, 2008. Print.
Evidence: Not only did the non-deaf look down upon the deaf, but as well looked
down on their language and their community. They saw deaf as a disability.
How this supports my topic: This proves that the language barriers wont be
broken until we put the effort to try and learn or accept sign language and the
deaf.

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1. Topic: Why sign language wasnt accepted as a language.

Citation: "Development of American Sign Language." Deaf Culture and Cochlear

2. Topic: Why deaf people were viewed as inferior to verbal users.

3. Topic: Why was educating the deaf complicated and limited?

19.Topic: Children have no say in Cis

23.Topic: Why is communication between deaf and hearing people?

with Cis the ability to hear.

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