Problemas Resueltos Analisis Estructuras Metodo Nudos Libre

PROBLEMAS RESUELTOS DE
ANALISIS DE ESTRUCTURAS POR EL METODO DE LOS NUDOS
Problema resuelto Pg. 246 Esttica BEDFORD

Problema 6.1 Esttica BEDFORD edic 4
Problema 6.1 BEER Johnston edic 6
Problema 6.1 Esttica Hibbeler edic 10
Problema c-34 esttica Hibbeler edic 10
Problema C-35 esttica Hibbeler edic 10
Problema 6.8 esttica Hibbeler edic 10
Problema resuelto Pag. 145 Esttica Meriam
Problema 4.1 Esttica Meriam edicin tres
Problema 4.1 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco
Erving Quintero Gil

Tecnlogo electromecnico - UTS
Ing. Electromecnico - UAN
Especialista en Ingeniera del gas - UIS
Bucaramanga Colombia
2011
Para cualquier inquietud o consulta escribir a:

quintere@hotmail.com
quintere@gmail.com
quintere2006@yahoo.com
Mtodo de las juntas o nudos (PROBLEMA RESUELTO PAG. 246 ESTATICA BEDFORD)
El mtodo de las juntas implica dibujar diagramas de cuerpo libre de las juntas de una armadura, una
por una, y usar las ecuaciones de equilibrio para determinar las fuerzas axiales en las barras. Por lo
general, antes debemos dibujar un diagrama de toda la armadura (es decir, tratar la armadura como un
solo cuerpo) y calcular las reacciones en sus soportes. Por ejemplo, la armadura WARREN de la figura
6.6(a) tiene barras de 2 metros de longitud y soporta cargas en B y D. En la figura 6.6(b) dibujamos su
diagrama de cuerpo libre. De las ecuaciones de equilibrio.
400 N
A
2m
2m
Fig. 6. 6(a) Armadura WARREN soportando dos cargas

400 N
800 N
3m
A
AX
1m
AY
400 N
E
1m
2m
800 N
1m
1m
2m
TBD
TBD
EY
TAB
TDC
TBC
TDE
TAB
TBC
TAC
TAC
TDE
TEC
TEC
AY
Fig. 6. 6(b) Diagrama de cuerpo libre de la armadura
MA = 0
- 400 (1) - 800 (1 +1+1) + EY (1+1+1+1) = 0
FX = 0
AX = 0
- 400 - 800 (3) + EY (4) = 0
FY = 0
- 400 - 2400 + 4 EY = 0
AY + EY 400 - 800 = 0
- 2800 + 4 EY = 0
4 EY = 2800
EY =
2800
= 700 N
4
EY = 700 N
ME = 0
- AY (1+1+1+1) + 400 (1+1+1) + 800 (1) = 0
- AY (4) + 400 (3) + 800 = 0

- 4 AY + 1200 + 800 = 0
4 AY = 2000
AY =
2000
= 500 N
4
AY = 500 N
NUDO A
El siguiente paso es elegir una junta y dibujar su diagrama de cuerpo libre. En la figura 6.7(a) aislamos
la junta A cortando las barras AB y AC. Los trminos TAB y TAC son las fuerzas axiales en las barras AB
y AC respectivamente. Aunque las direcciones de las flechas que representan las fuerzas axiales
desconocidas se pueden escoger arbitrariamente, observe que las hemos elegido de manera que una
barra estar a tensin, si obtenemos un valor positivo para la fuerza axial. Pensamos que escoger
consistentemente las direcciones de esta manera ayudara a evitar errores.
400 N
TAB
TAB
TAB
AY
TAC
AY
TAB
TAC
C
A
TAC
TAC
AY
Figura 6.7(a) Obtencin del diagrama de cuerpo libre de la junta A.
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta A son:
TAB TAC A Y
=
=
2
1
3
Hallar TAC
TAB TAC
=
2
1
Hallar TAB
TAB A Y
=
2
3
T
TAC = AB
2
AY = 500 N
TAB 500
=
= 288,67
2
3
TAB = 2 (288,67 ) = 577,35 N
TAB = 577,35 Newton
TAC =
577,35
= 288,67 N
2
TAC = 288,67 Newton (Tension)
TAB = 577,35 Newton(compresin)

NUDO B
Luego obtenemos un diagrama de la junta B cortando las barras AB, BC y BD (Fig. 6.8 a). De las
ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta B.
400 N
400 N
800 N
TBD
400 N
TBD
TBD
TBD
D
0
TAB
60
TBC
TAB
TBC TBC (Y)
TAB (Y)
TBC
TAB
TAB
TAC
TAC
TBC (X)
TAB (X)
TBC
600
AY
Figura 6.8(a) Obtencin del diagrama de cuerpo libre de la junta B.
sen 60 =
TAB(Y )
TAB
TAB(Y ) = TAB
TAB (Y) = TAB sen 60
Para abreviar los clculos
sen 60 =
3
2
cos 60 =
1
2
3
TAB
TAB(Y ) =
cos 60 =
3
(577,35) = 500 N
TAB(Y ) =
TAB = 577,35 Newton
TBC(Y )
TBC
cos 60 =
TBC(Y ) = TBC
3
TBC
TBC(Y ) =
TBC (Y) = TBC sen 60
TBC(X )
TBC
1
TBC(X ) = TBC
2
1
TBC(X ) = TBC
2
TBC (X) = TBC cos 60
FY = 0
1
TAB(X ) = TAB
2
1
TAB(X ) = TAB
2
TAB (X) = TAB cos 60
TAB (Y) = 500 N
sen 60 =
TAB(X )
TAB
TAB(X ) =
1
(577,35) = 288,67 N
2
TAB = 577,35 Newton
TAB (X) = 288,67 N
3
TBC
TBC(Y ) =
100 = TBC (Y)
- 400 + TAB (Y) - TBC (Y) = 0

TAB (Y) = 500 N
- 400 + 500 - TBC (Y) = 0
100 - TBC (Y) = 0
3
TBC
100 =
200
2
TBC =
= 115,47 N
100 =
3
3
TBC = 115,47 N
(compresin)
100 = TBC (Y)
1
TBC(X ) = TBC
2
Se halla TBC (X)
FX = 0
- TBD + TAB (X) + TBC (X) = 0
1
TBC(X ) = (115,47 ) = 57,73 N
2
TBC = 115,47 N
TAB (X) = 288,67 N

TBC (X) = 57,73 Newton
- TBD + 288,67 + 57,73 = 0
TBC (X) = 57,73 Newton
- TBD + 346,4 = 0
TBD = 346,4 Newton
(compresin)
NUDO D
Luego obtenemos un diagrama de la junta D cortando las barras BD, DC y DE . De las ecuaciones de
equilibrio para la junta D.
800 N
TBD
800 N
800 N
TBD
TBD
600
TDE
TDC
TDE (Y)
TDC
TDE
TDC(Y )
TDC
TEC
TEC
EY
cos 60 =
TDC(Y ) = TDC
2
3
TDC
TDC (Y ) =
TDC (Y) = TDC sen 60
TDE (X)
TDC (X)
TDC
sen 60 =
TDE
TDC (Y)
TDE
sen 60 =
600
sen 60 =
3
2
cos 60 =
1
2
TDC(X )
TDC
1
TDC(X ) = TDC
2
3
TDC
TDC(Y ) =
TDC (X) = TDC cos 60
TDE(Y )
TDE
cos 60 =
TDE (Y ) = TDE
3
TDE
TDE(Y ) =
TDE (Y) = TDE sen 60
TDE(X )
TDE
1
TDE (X ) = TDE
2
1
TDE (X ) = TDE
2
TDE (X) = TDE cos 60
FX = 0
TBD - TDE (X) + TDC (X) = 0
TBD = 346,4 Newton
(compresin)
346,4
- TDE (X) + TDC (X) = 0
TDE (X) - TDC (X) = 346,4 ecuacin 1

FY = 0
1
TDE (X ) = TDE
2
1
TDC(X ) = TDC
2
Pero:
1
TDE
2
- 800 + TDE (Y) + TDC (Y) = 0

TDE (Y) + TDC (Y) = 800 ecuacin 2
1
- TDC = 346,4 ecuacin 3
2
Reemplazando en la ecuacin 1
TDE(Y ) =
TDC(Y ) =
Pero:
3
TDE
2
3
TDC
2
3
3
TDE +
2 TDC = 800 ecuacin 4

2
resolver ecuacin 3 y ecuacin 4
1
1
TDE - TDC = 346,4 multiplicar por
2
2
3
3
TDE +
2 TDC = 800
2
3
TDC = 346,4
-
3
3
TDE +
2 TDC = 800
2
3
TDE
2
[ 3]
[ 3 ]= 600
3
3
TDE +
2 TDE = 600 + 800 = 1400

2
3
TDE = 1400
2
3 TDE = 1400
TDE =
1400
= 808,29 N
3
TDE = 808,29 Newton (compresin)

Reemplazando en la ecuacin 4, se halla TDC
3
3
TDE +
2 TDC = 800 ecuacin 4

2
3
3
(808,29 ) +
2 TDC = 800
2
3
TDC = 800
700 +
2 TDC = 800 - 700 = 100
2 200
TDC = 100
= 115,47 N
=
3
3
TDC = 115,47 Newton (Tensin)
Problema 6.1 ESTATICA BEDFORD edic 4

Determine the axial forces in the members of the truss and indicate whether they are in tension (T) or
compression (C)
A
10 KN
10 KN
2m
2m
BX
2m
B
C
BY
1m
MC = 0
BY (1) 10 (2) = 0
BY (1) = 10 (2)
BX
10 KN
1m
C
BY
CY
1m
FX = 0
FY = 0
10 BX = 0
CY BY = 0
BX = 10 KN
CY = BY
CY
Pero: BY = 20 KN
BY = 20 KN
CY = 20 KN
NUDO B
BX
FY = 0
FX = 0
FBA
B
FBC
FBC BX = 0
FBA BY = 0
FBA = BY
FBC = BX
pero: BY = 20 KN
pero: BX = 10 KN
FBA = 20 KN (tensin)
BY
FBC = 10 KN (tensin)
NUDO A
A
10 KN
FBA
FBA
2
1
FAC
FAC
FBA 10 FAC
= =
2
1
5
10 KN
Hallamos FAC
10 FAC
=
1
5
( )
FAC = 10 5 = 22,36 KN
FAC = 22,36 KN (compresin)

La armadura mostrada soporta una carga de 10 kN en C.
a) Dibuje el diagrama de cuerpo libre de toda la armadura y determine las reacciones en sus
soportes
b) Determine las fuerzas axiales en las barras. Indique si se encuentran a tensin (T) o a
compresin (C) .
BY
BX
B
FCB
FAB
=0
FAB
=0
3m
MB = 0
AX
AX (3) - 10 (4) = 0
FCB
A
FCA
FCA
AX (3) = 10 (4)
3 AX = 40
AX =
40
= 13,33KN
3
AX = 13,33 KN
4m
C
10 KN
FY = 0
BY - 10 = 0
BY = 10 KN
MA = 0
BX (3) - 10 (4) = 0
BX (3) = 10 (4)
3 BX = 40
BX =
40
= 13,33KN
3
BX = 13,33 KN
10
NUDO C
FCB
3
10 KN
FCA
C
10 KN
5
4
FCB
FCA
FCB FCA 10
=
=
5
3
4
Hallar FCA
FCA 10
=
4
3
Hallar FCB
FCB 10
=
5
3
(5)10 = 16,66 KN
FCB =
3
FCA =
(4)10 = 13,33 KN
3
FCA = 13,33 kN (compresin)
FCB = 16,66 kN (Tensin)

NUDO A
FY = 0
AX = 13,33 KN
FAB = 0
FX = 0
AX - FCA = 0
FAB
AX
=0
BY = 10 KN
A
BX = 13,33 KN
FCA
AX = FCA
FCB = 16,66 kN (Tensin)
Pero: FCA = 13,33 kN
FCA = 13,33 kN (compresin)
AX = FCA =13,33 kN
FAB = 0
11

The members of the truss are all of lenght L. Determine the axial forces in the members and indicate
whether they are in tension (T) or compression (C)
F
D
F
FBD
FBD
FBA
FBC
FBA
FBC
A
AX = 0
L
FCD
FCD
FAC
FAC
CY
AY
L
NUDO D
F
F
FBD
FBD
FBD
FBD
D
FDC
600
FCD
FDC (Y)
FDC
MC = 0
AX = 0
AY (L) F (L/2) = 0
FDC (X)
L
AY
CY
FDC
L/2
AY (L) = F (L/2)
AY = F
MA = 0
CY (L) F ( L + L/2) = 0
CY (L) - F ( 3/2 L) = 0
CY (L) = F ( 3/2 L)
CY = F ( 3/2)
CY = 3/2 F
sen 60 =
FDC(Y )
FDC
cos 60 =
FDC(X )
FDC
1
FDC(X ) = FDC
2
FDC (X) = FDC cos 60
sen 60 =
3
2
cos 60 =
1
2
12
FDC(Y ) = FDC
3
FDC
FDC(Y ) =
FDC (Y) = FDC sen 60
FY = 0
- F + FDC (Y) = 0
F = FDC (Y)
Pero:
FDC (Y) = FDC sen 60
F = FDC sen 60
DESPEJANDO FDC
FDC =
1
(F) = 1,154 F
sen 60
FDC = 1,154 F (Compresion)
FX = 0
FX = 0
FY = 0
- FBD + FDC (X) = 0
AY + EY 400 - 800 = 0
AX = 0
FBD = FDC (X)

Pero:
FDC (X) = FDC cos 60
FBD = FDC cos 60
Pero: FDC = 1,154 F
F
FBD = (1,154 F) cos 60

FBD = 0,577 F (tensin)
NUDO B
FBC
FBC
FBA
FBC
FBD
FBA
FBD
FBA
FBD
FBA
FBD
FBC
A
AX = 0
L
AY
CY
13
sen 60 =
FBA(Y )
TAB
FBA(Y ) = FBA
3
FBA
FBA(Y ) =
FBA (Y) = TBA sen 60
sen 60 =
FBC(Y )
FBC
cos 60 =
FBA(X )
FBA
FBD
0
60
1
FBA(X ) = FBA
2
1
FBA(X ) = FBA
2
FBA (X) = FBA cos 60
FBC(Y ) = FBC
2
3
FBC
FBC(Y ) =
FBC (Y) = TBC sen 60
FX = 0
cos 60 =
600
FBC
FBA (Y)
FBA
FBC (Y)
FBC (X)
FBA (X)
FBC(x )
FBC
1
FBC (X ) = FBC
2
FBC (X) = FBC cos 60
FBD - FBC (X) - FBA (X) = 0
FBD - FBC(X ) - FBA (X ) = 0

FBC(X ) + FBA (X ) = FBD
sen 60 =
3
2
cos 60 =
1
2
PERO:
FBD = 0,577 F
FBC(X ) + FBA (X ) = 0,577 F

1
1
FBC + FBA = 0,577 F (ECUACIN 1)
2
2
FY = 0
FBC (Y) - FBA (Y) = 0
3
3
FBC
2 FBA = 0 (ECUACIN 2)
2
1
1
FBC + FBA = 0,577 F multiplicar por
2
2
[ 3]
14
3
3
FBC -
2 FBA = 0
2
( ) (0,577 F)
3
3
FBC +
2 FBA = 3
3
3
FBC -
2 FBA = 0
2
3
FBC = F
2
3 FBC = F
1
FBC =
F
3
FBC = 0,577 F (compresin)
3
3
FBC
2 FBA = 0 (ECUACIN 2)
2
3
3
(0,577 F )
2 FBA = 0
2
3
3
(0,577 F ) =
2 FBA
(0,577 F) = FBA
Cancelando terminos semejantes
F
FBD
FBD
FBA = 0,577 F (tensin)
FBA
FBC
FCD
NUDO A
FBA
FBA
L
FBA
L/2
AY
L/2
FCD
FAC
FAC
AY
FAC
AY
FBC
CY
FAC
15
FBA FAC
=
L
L2
FBA 2 FAC
=
L
L
AY = F
CY = 3/2 F
Cancelando trminos semejantes

FBA = 2 FAC
FDC = 1,154 F (Compresion)
Pero: FBA = 0,577 F
FBD = 0,577 F (tensin)
0,577 F = 2 FAC
FAC =
0,577
F
2
FBC = 0,577 F (compresin)
FAC = 0,288 F (Compresin)
FBA = 0,577 F (tensin)
Problema 6.13 bedford edic 4

La armadura recibe cargas en C y E. Si F = 3 KN, cuales son las fuerzas axiales BC y BE?
AX=0
1m
1m
AY
A FAB
FAB
1m
FDB
FEB
FCA
D
FDB
FGD
FDE
FCB
1m
FCA
FCB
FEC
FEB
FGD
FDE
FEC
FGE
FGE
GY
3 kN
6 kN
MG = 0
6 (1) + 3 (1 +1) - AY (1+1+1) = 0
16
6 (1) + 3 (2) - AY (3) = 0

6 + 6 3 AY = 0
6 + 6 = 3 AY
FX = 0
AX = 0
12 = 3 AY
AY =
12
= 4 KN
3
AY = 4 KN
MA = 0
- 3 (1) - 6 (1 +1) + GY (1+1+1) = 0
- 3 - 6 (2) + GY (3) = 0
- 3 - 12 + 3 GY = 0
- 15 + 3 GY = 0
3 GY = 15
GY =
15
= 5 KN
3
AX
1m
AY
A
1m
1m
GY = 5 KN
FGD
NUDO G
1m
FGD
FGD
G
G
FGE
GY
FGE
FGE
FGE
GY
3 kN
6 kN
FGD
GY = 5 KN
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta G son:
FGD FGE 5
=
=
1
1
2
Hallar FGD
Hallar FGE
FGE 5
=
1
1
FGE = 5 KN (Tensin)
FGD
=5
2
17
FGD = 2 (5)
FGD = 7,071 KN (compresin)
NUDO D
D
FDB
AX
1m
AY
A
1m
1m
D
FDB
FDB
FDE
FGD
FDE
FGD
1m
FDB
FGD
FDE
FGD
G
1
FGE
FDE
FGE
GY
3 kN
6 kN
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta D son:
FGD FDE FDB

=
=
1
1
2
Hallar FDB
5 = FDB
PERO: FGD = 7,071 KN

FDB = 5 KN (compresion)
F
F
= DE = DB
1
1
2
5 = FDE = FDB
7,071
5 = FDE
Hallar FDE
AX
1m
AY
A
1m
FDE = 5 KN (TENSION)
1m
FDB
FEB
D
FDB
FGD
FDE
FDE
NUDO E
1m
FEB
FEB
FGD
FDE
FEC
FEC
C
E
FEC
FGE
FGE
GY
FGE
3 kN
6 kN
6 kN
18
sen 45 =
FEB(Y )
FEB
FEB(Y ) = FEB
2
FEB
FEB(Y ) =
FEB (Y) = FEB sen 45
FY = 0
cos 45 =
FEB(X )
FEB
FEB(X ) = FEB
2
FEB
FEB(X ) =
FEB (X) = FEB cos 45
FEB(X)
FEB(Y)
FDE = 5 KN
FEB
450
FEC
FGE = 5 KN
6 kN
FDE - 6 + FEB(Y) = 0
PERO: FDE = 5 kN
5 - 6 + FEB(Y) = 0
- 1 + FEB(Y) = 0
FEB(Y )
1
=
= 1,414 kN
sen45 sen 45
FEB(Y) = 1 KN
FEB =
FEB = 1,414 KN (tension)

FEB (X) = FEB cos 45
FEB (X) = (1,414) cos 45
FEB (X) = 1 KN
FX = 0
FGE - FEC - FEB (X) = 0
PERO:
FGE = 5 kN
FEB (X) = 1 KN
FGE - FEC - FEB (X) = 0
5 - FEC - 1 = 0
4 - FEC = 0
FEC = 4 KN (tension)
19
NUDO C
AX=0
FCA
1m
1m
AY
FCB
FEB
FCA
D
FDB
FGD
FDE
FCB
FEC
1m
FDB
1m
FCA
FCB
FEC
3 kN
FCA(Y )
sen 45 =
FCA
2
FCA (Y ) = FCA
2
FCA
FCA (Y ) =
FEB
FGD
FDE
FEC
FGE
FGE
GY
3 kN
6 kN
FCA (Y) = FCA sen 45
FX = 0
cos 45 =
FCA(X )
FCA
FCA(X)
FCA (X ) = FCA
2
FCA
FCA (X ) =
FCB
FCA (X) = FCA cos 45
FEC - FAC (X) = 0

FEC = FAC (X)
PERO:
FEC = 4 kN
FCA(Y)
FCA
450
FEC = 4 KN
3 kN
FAC (X) = 4 kN
FCA (X )
4
=
= 5,656kN
cos 45
0,7071
FCA (X) = FCA cos 45
FCA =
FCA = 5,656 KN (tension)
FCA (Y ) =
FCA (Y ) =
2
FCA
2
2
5,656 = 4 KN
2
FY = 0
- FCB - 3 + FCA(Y) = 0
PERO:
FCA (Y) = 4 kN
- FCB - 3 + 4 = 0
- FCB + 1 = 0
FCB = 1 KN (compresin)
FCA (Y) = 4 kN
20
NUDO A
1m
1m
AY
AX=0
AY = 4 KN
FAB
FAB
FEB
FCA
D
FDB
FAB
FGD
FDE
FCB
AX=0
1m
FDB
1m
FCA
FEB
FCB
FEC
FEC
FCA
FGD
FDE
FGE
GY

3 kN
FCA FAB A Y
=
=
1
1
2
FGE
6 kN
FAB
1
FCA
PERO: AY = 4 KN
FAB A Y
=
1
1
AY = 4 KN
FAB = 4 KN (compresin)
Problema 6.14 bedford edic 4
If you don't want the members of the truss to be subjected to an axial load (tension or compression)
greater than 20 kn, what is the largest acceptable magnitude of the downward force F?
12 m
12 m
4m
13 m
tg =
3m
5
= 0,4166
12
5m
4m
= arc tg (0,4166)
= 22,610
3m
21
tg =
4
= 1,3333
3
+ = 900
= arc tg (1,3333)
= 90 -
= 53,120
= 90 - 53,12
+ + = 900
pero:
= 36,870
= 22,610
= 36,870
+ + = 900
NUDO A
36,87 + 22,61 + = 900
FAB(X)
=36,870
= 900 - 36,87 - 22,61

F
FAB(Y)
FAB
= 30,520
FAC(Y)
FAC
sen 36,87 =
FAB(Y )
FAB
FAB (Y) = FAB sen 36,87
FAB(Y ) = (0,6 ) FAB
FAC(X )
FAC
FAC(X )
sen 30,52 =
FAC
sen =
FAC (X) = FAC sen 30,52
FAC(X ) = (0,507 ) FAC
FAC(X)
cos 36,87 =
FAB(X )
FAB
FAB (X) = FAB cos 36,87
FAB(X ) = (0,8) FAB
cos 30,52 =
FAC(Y )
FAC
FAC (Y) = FAC cos 30,52
FAC(Y ) = (0,8614 ) FAC
FX = 0
FAC(X) - FAB (X) = 0
0,507 FAC - 0,8 FAB = 0 ECUACION 1
FY = 0
FAC (Y) - F - FAB (Y) = 0
22
0,8614 FAC - F - 0,6 FAB = 0 ECUACION 2

NUDO C
FCB
FAC(X)
FCB(X)
FAC
FAC(Y)
FCD
FCB (Y)
FCB
FAC
= 53,120
sen 53,12 =
FCB(Y )
FCB
FCD
cos 53,12 =
FCB (Y) = FCB sen 53,12
FCB(Y ) = (0,7998 ) FCB
FCB(X )
FCB
FAC(X ) = (0,507 ) FAC

FAC(Y ) = (0,8614 ) FAC
FCB (X) = FCB cos 53,12
FCB(X ) = (0,6 ) FCB
FX = 0
FCD - FAC(X) - FCB (X) = 0
FCD 0,507FAC - 0,6 FCB = 0 ECUACION 3
FY = 0
FCB (Y) - FAC (Y) = 0
0,7998 FCB - 0,8614 FAC = 0 ECUACION 4
NUDO D
DX
A
FCD
12 m
FX = 0
BY
DX - FCD = 0 ECUACION 5
0,507 FAC - 0,8 FAB = 0 ECUACION 1
0,7998 FCB - 0,8614 FAC = 0 ECUACION 4
DX - FCD = 0 ECUACION 5
DESPEJAMOS F en la ecuacin 2
FAC
B
BX
FCB
FDB
4m
FDB
DX
FAC
FCB
D FCD FCD
3m
0,8614 FAC - 0,6 FAB = F ECUACION 6
23
Resolver la ecuacin 1
0,507 FAC - 0,8 FAB = 0
0,507 FAC = 0,8 FAB
Despejando
FAC
0,8
FAB = 1,577 FAB
FAC =
0,507
FAC = 1,577 FAB
Reemplazar FAC en la ecuacin 6

0,8614 (1,577 FAB ) - 0,6 FAB = F
1,3592 FAB - 0,6 FAB = F
0,7592 FAB = F
Despejando
FAB =
FAB
1
F = 1,317 F
0,7592
FAB = 1,317 F
Reemplazar FAB en la ecuacin 6
0,8614 FAC - 0,6 (1,317 F) = F
0,8614 FAC - 0,79 F = F

0,8614 FAC = F + 0,79 F
0,8614 FAC = 1,79 F
FAC =
1,79
F = 2,078 F
0,8614
FAC = 2,078 F
Reemplazar FAC en la ecuacin 4
0,7998 FCB - 0,8614 FAC = 0 ECUACION 4
0,7998 FCB - 0,8614 (2,078 F) = 0
0,7998 FCB - 1,79 F = 0
0,7998 FCB = 1,79 F
FCB =
1,79
F = 2,238 F
0,7998
FCB = 2,238 F
FAB = 1,317 F
FAC = 2,078 F
FCB = 2,238 F
FCD = 2,395 F
FDB = 0
Reemplazar FAC y FCB en la ecuacin 3
24

FCD 0,507 (2,078 F ) - 0,6 (2,238 F) = 0
FCD 1,053 F
- 1,342 F = 0
FCD = 1,053 F
+ 1,342 F
FCD = 2,395 F
LA ESTRUCTURA MAS CRITICA ES FCD
2,395 F = 20
F=
20
= 8,35 KN
2,395
F = 8,35 KN
Problema 6.1 beer edic 6

Por el mtodo de los nudos, halla la fuerza en todas las barras de la armadura representada indicar en
cada caso si es traccin o compresin.
A
4m
1,92 N
1,92 N
BY
3m
la reaccin en B?
FY = 0
1,92 N
BY 1,92 - CY = 0
1,92 ( 3) - CY (4,5) = 0
5,76 - CY (4,5 ) = 0
CY (4,5 ) = 5,76
5,76
CY =
= 1,28 N
4,5
CY = 1,28 N
CY
4,5 m
MB = 0
4m
B
BY
3m
CY
BY 1,92 1,28 = 0
BY = 3,2 Newton
4,5 m
25
Nudo B
FAB
FAB
B
BY = 3,2 N
FBC
BY
FAB FBC 3,2

=
=
5
4
3
BY
FBC
Hallar FBC
FBC 3,2
=
3
4
(3) 3,2 = 9,6 = 2,4 N
FBC =
4
4
Hallar FAB
FAB 3,2
=
4
5
FAB =
(5) 3,2 = 16 = 4 N
FBc = 2,4 Newton (compresin)
4
4
FAB = 4 Newton(compresin)
FCA (Y)
FCA
Nudo C
C
8,5
CY
8,5
FBC
C
CY
7,5
FCA
8,5
7,5
7,5
FCA (X ) =
FCA (X)
FCA
7,5
cos =
8,5
FCA (X) = cos (FCA)
sen =
FX = 0
4
8,5
FCA (Y) = sen (FCA)
FBC FCA (X) = 0
FCA (Y ) =
FBC -
4
FCA
8,5
7,5
FCA = 0
8,5
FBC =
7,5
FCA
8,5
7,5
2,4 =
FCA
8,5
(2,4) 8,5 = 20,4 = 2,72 Newton
FCA =
7,5
7,5
FCA = 2,72 Newton (traccin)
26
Problema 6.1 Beer edic 8

Utilice el mtodo de los nodos para determinar la fuerza presente en cada elemento de las armaduras.
Establezca si los elementos estn en tensin o en compresin.
800 lb
B
AY
AX
FAC
4 pies
4 pies
800 lb
7,5 pies
FAB
FAB
tensin
FCB
tensin
compresin
C
7,5 pies
FAC
MA = 0
CX
CX ( 4) - 800 (7,5) = 0
FCB
C
Fx= 0
4 CX - 6000 = 0
CX AX = 0
4 CX = 6000
CX =
6000
= 1500 lb
4
CX = AX
AX = 1500 lb.
CX = 1500 lb.
Nudo B
AY
FBA B
AX
800 lb
FBA B
800 lb
FBA
FBC
4 pies
FBC
FBA
CX
FBA 800 FBC

=
=
8,5
7,5
4
F
FBA
= 200 = BC
8,5
7,5
Hallar FBA
FBA
= 200
7,5
FBA = 1500 N (tensin)
FBC
7,5 pies
800 lb
7,5
4
FBC
8,5
Hallar FBC
F
200 = BC
8,5
FBC = 8,5 (200)

FBC = 1700 N (compresin)
27
NUDO C
AY
FCA
FBA B
A FBA
800 lb
AX
FCA
FBC
CX
4 pies
CX
FCA
7,5
4
CX
FBC
FBC
FCA
C
FBC
7,5 pies
8,5
FCA CX FBC
=
=
8,5
7,5
4
Pero:

FBA = 1500 N (tensin)
FCA = 200 (4) = 800 N (tensin)
FCA CX 1700
=
=
7,5
8,5
4
FCA CX
=
= 200
7,5
4
Hallar FcA
FCA
= 200
4
FCA = 200 (4) = 800 N (tensin)
28

0,75 m
A
0,4 m
B
1,4 m
2,8 KN
0,75 m
AY
AX
FAC
FAB
tensin
FAB
MA = 0
FCB
CX ( 1,4) - 2,8 (0,75) = 0
tensin
1,4 m
CX ( 1,4) = 2,8 (0,75)

1,4 CX = 2,1
2,1
CX =
= 1,5 N
1,4
CX = 1,5 KNewton
0,4 m
2,8 KN
compresin
FAC
CX
FY= 0
AY 2,8 = 0
FCB
C
AY = 2,8 KNewton
MC = 0
- AX ( 1,4) - 2,8 (0,75) = 0
-1,4 AX = 2,1
2,1
AX = = - 1,5 N
1,4
AX = - 1,5 KNewton (significa que la fuerza AX
esta direccionada hacia la izquierda)
0,75 m
AY
- AX ( 1,4) = 2,8 (0,75)
AX
B
1,4 m
2,8 N
MC = 0
0,4 m
AX ( 1,4) - 2,8 (0,75) = 0
AX ( 1,4) = 2,8 (0,75)

CX
1,4 AX = 2,1
2,1
AX =
= 1,5 N
1,4
29
AX = 1,5 KNewton
Nudo A
AY
AY
A
AX
AX
FAB
0,85
0,4
FAB (Y)
0,75
0,75
FAC
FAB
FAB
FAB (X)
FAC
0,75
cos =
0,85
FAB (X) = cos (FAB)
FAB (X ) =
0,85
0,4
sen =
AY
A
FAB
AX
FAB (Y) = sen (FAB)
FAC
0,75
FAB
0,85
FAB (Y ) =
FX = 0
- AX + FAB (X) = 0
0,75
- AX +
FAB = 0
0,85
0,75
AX =
FAB
0,85
FAB =
0,4
0,85
FY= 0
AX
FAC
0,85
AX
0,75
0,85
(1,5)
FAB =
0,75
FAB = 1,7 KNewton (traccin)
0,4
FAB
0,85
AY
FAB
AY FAC FAB (Y) = 0

0,4
A Y - FAC
FAB = 0
0,85
0,4
(1,7 ) = 0
2,8 - FAC
0,85
2,8 0,8 = FAC
FAC = 2 KNewton (Traccin)
Nudo C
sen =
FAC
FCB
CX
CX
FAC
FCB
1
1,25
FCB (Y) = sen (FCB)
1
FCB (Y ) =
FCB
1,25
cos =
0,75
1,25
FCB (X) = sen (FCB)
F
0,75
CB(X ) =
FCB
1,25
1,25
FCB
0,75
FCB (Y)
FCB (X)
30
FX = 0
0,75 m
AY
CX - FCB (X) = 0
AX
0,4 m
CX = FCB (X)
CX =
0,75
FCB
1,25
FAC
1,25
FCB
FCB =
CX
0,75
C
CX
CX = 1,5 KNewton
1,25
(1,5) = 2,5 KN
FCB =
0,75
FCB = 2,5 KNewton (compresin)
1,4 m
0,75
2,8 N
1m
FAC
FCB
C
CX

4,2 KN
4,2 KN
B
B
FBC
FBC
FBA
1,5 m
1,5 m
4m
4m
FBA
CY
3m
A
A
AX
4m
MA = 0
CY ( 4 + 2) - 4,2 (4) = 0
CY ( 6) - 16,8 = 0
6 CY = 16,8
CY =
16,8
= 2.8 KN
6
CY = 2,8 KN
BY
4m
2m
2m
FY = 0
BY + CY 4,2 = 0
Pero: CY = 2,8 KN
BY + 2,8 4,2 = 0
BY 1,4 = 0
BY = 1,4 kN
31
Nudo B
4,2 KN
FBC
1,5 m
FBC
FBA
4,2 KN
FBA
CY
FBC
4m
4,2 KN
3m
FBC
FBA
FBA
AX
4m
BY
cos =
cos =
2
= 0,8
2,5
FBC(X )
FBC
FBC (X) = cos (FBC)
FBC (X ) = (0,8) FBC
cos =
cos =
4
= 0,7079
5,65
FBA(X )
FBA
FBA (X) = cos (FBA)
FBA (X ) = (0,7079 ) FBA
2m
sen =
sen =
1,5
= 0,6
2,5
FBC(Y )
FBC
FBC (Y) = sen (FBC)
FBC (Y ) = (0,6 ) FBC
4
sen =
= 0,7079
5,65
FBA(Y )
sen =
FBA
FBC(X)
1,5
FBC(Y)
FBC
FBA
FBA(Y)
5,65
4,2 KN
4
FBA(X)
FBA (Y) = sen (FBA)
FBA (Y ) = (0,7079 ) FBA
FY = 0
2,5
FX = 0
FBC(Y) + FBA (Y) 4,2 = 0

FBA(X) FBC (X) = 0
FBC(Y) + FBA (Y) = 4,2
0,6 FBC + 0,7079 FBA = 4,2 (Ecuacin 2)
0,7079 FBA - (0,8) FBC = 0 (Ecuacin 1)
Resolver las ecuaciones
32
0,7079 FBA - 0,8 FBC = 0 (-1)

0,6 FBC + 0,7079 FBA = 4,2
0,7079 FBA - 0,8 FBC = 0
- 0,7079 FBA + 0,8 FBC = 0
Pero:
FBC = 3 KN
0,6 FBC + 0,7079 FBA = 4,2
0,7079 FBA - 0,8 (3) = 0
0,8 FBC + 0,6 FBC = 4,2
0,7079 FBA 2,4 = 0
1,4 FBC = 4,2
FBC =
4,2
= 3 KN
1,4
0,7079 FBA = 2,4
FBA =
FBC = 3 KN (compresin)
2,4
= 3,39 KN
0,7079
FBC = 3,39 KN (compresin)
NUDO C
FBC
4,2 KN
FBC
FBC
FBA
1,5 m
FCA
CY
1,5
FBC(Y)
4m
FCA
FBA
BY
CY
4m
2
= 0,8
2,5
FBC (X) = cos (FBC)
FBC (X ) = (0,8) FBC
2m
cos =
FBC(X )
FBC
2,5
3m
FCA(Y)
FCA
AX
cos =
FBC(X)
sen =
sen =
1,5
= 0,6
2,5
FBC(Y )
FCA
6,7
FBC
FCA(X)
3
6
CY
FBC
FBC (Y) = sen (FBC)
FBC (Y ) = (0,6 ) FBC
33
cos =
6
= 0,8955
6,7
cos =
FCA(X )
FCA
sen =
sen =
FCA (X) = cos (FCA)
FCA (X ) = (0,8955) FCA
3
= 0,4477
6,7
FCA(Y )
FCA
FCA (Y) = sen (FCA)
FCA (Y ) = (0,4477 ) FCA
FX = 0
FBC(X) FCA (X) = 0
(0,8) FBC - (0,8955) FCA
= 0 (Ecuacin 1)
PERO:
(0,8) FBC - (0,8955) FCA = 0

(0,8)(3) - (0,8955) FCA = 0
2,4 - (0,8955) FCA = 0
FBC = 3,39 KN (compresin)
0,8955 FCA = 2,4
FCA =
FCA = 3 KN (tension)
2,4
= 2,68 KN
0,8955
FCA = 3 KN (tension)

945 lb
FX = 0 BX = 0
MB = 0
CY ( 12 + 3,75) - 945 (12) = 0

9 pies
CY (15,75) - 945 (12) = 0

CY (15,75) = 945 (12)
15,75 CY = 11340
11340
CY =
= 720 lb
15,75
12 pies
3,75 pies
34
CY = 720 lb
MC = 0
945 lb
945 (3,75) - BY ( 12+ 3,75) = 0

A
FBA
945 (3,75) = BY ( 15,75)
FCA
945 lb
3543,75 = 15,75 BY
3543,75
BY =
= 225 lb
15,75
BY = 225 lb.
A
B
BX
FCA
FBA
FBC
FBC
9 pies
CY
BY
BX
BY
C
CY
12 pies
3,75 pies
NUDO B
sen =
9
15
cos =
12
15
FBA
FBA (X) = sen (FBA)
FBA (Y) = sen (FBA)
F
9
BA(X ) = FBA
15
F
12
BA(Y ) = FBA
15
FBA FBC B Y
=
=
15
12
9
FBA FBC 225
=
=
15
12
9
Hallar FBA
FBA 225
=
15
9
(15) 225 = 375 lb.
FBA =
9
FBA = 375 lb. (compresin)
BY
FBA
BX
FBC
BX
FBC
BY
Hallar FBC
FBC 225
=
12
9
FBC =
(12) 225 = 300 lb.

9
FBC = 300 lb. (traccin)
35
Nudo C
FCA (X)
FCA
FBC
3,75
9,75
C
FCA
FBC
CY
FCA (Y)
FCA
FCA
CY
FBC
C
CY
FCA FBC C Y
=
=
9,75 3,75
9
FCA FBC
=
9,75 3,75
CY = 720 lb
BY = 225 lb.
FBA = 375 lb. (compresin)
Hallar FCA
(9,75)300 = 780 lb
FCA =
3,75

FCA = 780 lb. (compresin)
FCA = 780 lb. (compresin)

Problema 6.3 Beer edic 8
450 lb
450 lb
B
AX
AY
FBA
FBA
tensin
A
10 pies
FCA
FBC
compresin
FCA
FBC
10 pies
compresin
C
7,5 pie
24 pies
CY
7,5 pie
24 pies
MA = 0
CY ( 7,5) - 450 (7,5 + 24) = 0
7,5 CY - 450 (31,5 ) = 0

7,5 CY - 14175 = 0
7,5 CY = 14175
CY =
14175
= 1890 lb
7.5
CY = 1890 lb.
36
NUDO B
AY
AX
A
A
450 lb
FBA
FBA
FBC
26
FBC
450 lb
24
FBC
FBC 450 FBA

=
=
26
10
24
10
10 pies
FBA
CY
24 pies
7,5 pie
Hallar FBA
F
90 = BA
12
FBA = 90 (12) = 1080 lb (tensin)
FBC 450 FBA

=
=
13
5
12
FBC
F
= 90 = BA
13
12
AY
Hallar FBC
FBC
= 90
13
FBC = 90 (13) = 1170 lb (compresin)
AX
FCA
FBC
FCA
10 pies
FBC
FCA
NUDO C
450 lb
FBA
FBA
CY
C
FBC
24 pies
7,5 pie
CY
cos =
cos =
7,5
= 0,6
12,5
FCA (X )
FCA
FCA (X) = cos (FCA)
FCA (X ) = (0,6) FCA
sen =
sen =
10
= 0,8
12,5
FCA (Y )
FCA(X)
FCA
FCA (Y) = sen (FCA)
FCA (Y ) = (0,8) FCA
10 12,5
FCA(Y)
7,5 FCA
FBC(X)
FBC
26
10 FBC(Y)
24
CY
37
cos =
24
= 0,923
26
FBC(X )
cos =
FBC
FBC (X) = cos (FBC)
FBC (X ) = (0,923) FBC
FY = 0
sen =
10
= 0,3846
26
sen =
FBC(Y )
FBC
FBC (Y) = sen (FBC)
FBC (Y ) = (0,3846 ) FBC
CY - FCA(Y) - FBC (Y) = 0
FX = 0
Pero: CY = 1890 lb.

FCA (X) - FBC(X) = 0
1890 - FCA(Y) - FBC (Y) = 0
FCA(Y) + FBC (Y) = 1890
(0,6) FCA - (0,923) FBC = 0
(Ecuacin 1)
0,8 FCA + 0,3846 FBC = 1890 (Ecuacin 2)

0,6 FCA - 0,923 FBC = 0 (0,3846)
0,8 FCA + 0,3846 FBC = 1890 (0,923)
FBA = 90 (12) = 1080 lb (tensin)
0,23 FCA - 0,354 FBC = 0
FBC = 90 (13) = 1170 lb (compresin)
0,7384 FCA + 0,354 FBC = 1744,47
FCA = 1801,39 KN (compresin)
0,23 FCA + 0,7384 FCA = 1744,47

0,9684 FCA = 1744,47
FCA =
1744,47
= 1801,39 KN
0,9684
FCA = 1801,39 KN (compresin)
38

10,8 Kips
35 pies
22,5 pies
10,8 Kips
B
12 pies
D
FX = 0 AX = 0
MA = 0
D (22,5) - 10,8 (22,5) -10,8 (22,5 + 35) = 0
D (22,5) - 10,8 (22,5) -10,8 (57,5) = 0
A FAB
22,5 D - 243 - 621 = 0

22,5 D = 864
10,8 Kips
10,8 Kips
FBC
FBC
FAB
FAD
FBD
AY
D=
864
= 38,4 Kips
22,5
D = 38,4 Kips
D
D
MC = 0
AY (22,5 + 35) + 10,8 (35) D (35) = 0
AY (57,5) + 10,8 (35) (38,4) (35) = 0

57,5 AY + 378 1344 = 0
10,8 Kips
57,5 AY = 966
966
AY =
= 16,8 Kips
57,5
AY = 16,8 Kips
35 pies
22,5 pies
10,8 Kips
AX
AY
12 pies
D
D
39
Nudo A
A
FAB
AY
FAD
FAD(Y)
FAD FAB A Y
=
=
25,5 22,5
12
12
AY
25,5
AY = 16,8 Kips
FAD FAB 16,8
=
=
25,5 22,5
12
25,5
22,5
FAD
22,5
12
FAD
FAD(X)
FAB A
FAB
FAD
Hallar FAB
FAB 16,8
=
22,5
12
(22,5)16,8 = 31,5 Kips
FAB =
12
AY
Hallar FAD
FAD 16,8
=
25,5
12
(25,5)16,8 = 35,7 Kips
FAD =
12
FAB = 35,7 Kips (tensin)
FAD = 35,7 Kips (compresin)
Nudo B
10,8 Kips
FAB
FAB
10,8 Kips
FBC
FBD
10,8 Kips
FBC
FAB
FBD
FBC
FBD
FX = 0
FY = 0
FBC FAB = 0
FBD 10,8 = 0
FAB = 35,7 Kips
FBD = 10,8 Kips (compresin)
FBC = FAB
FBC = 35,7 Kips (tensin)
40
Nudo C
10,8 Kips
10,8 Kips
FBC
FCD
37
35
12
FBC
10,8 Kips
FCD
FBC
FCD
FCD FBC 10,8

=
=
37
35
12
AX = 0 D = 38,4 Kips
AY = 16,8 Kips
Hallar FCD
FCD 10,8
=
37
12
(37 )10,8 = 33,3 Kips
FCD =
12
FCD = 33,3 Kips (compresin)
FAB = 35,7 Kips (tensin)

FAD = 35,7 Kips (compresin)
FBC = 35,7 Kips (tensin)
FBD = 10,8 Kips (compresin)
FCD = 33,3 Kips (compresin)

Determine la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura y establezca si los miembros estn en tensin o
en compresin. Considere P1 = 800 lb. y P2 = 400 lb.
AY
6 pies
8 pies
TCA
AX
TCA
TBC
TBA
CY
tensin
tensin
TBA
P2 = 400 lb
- 400 (8) - 800 (6) + CY (6 + 8) = 0
- 400 (8) - 800 (6) + CY (14) = 0

- 3200 - 4800 + CY (14) = 0
8 pies
TBC
P1 = 800 lb
MA = 0
FX = 0
AX 400 = 0
AX = 400 lb.
41
- 8000 + CY (14) = 0
CY (14) = 8000
CY =
8000
= 571,42 lb
14
CY = 571,42 lb
MC = 0
- AY (6 + 8) - 400 (8) + 800 (8) = 0
- AY (14) - 400 (8) + 800 (8) = 0

- 14 AY - 3200 = 0
14 AY = 3200
AY =
3200
= 228,57 lb
14
AY = 228,57 lb
NUDO B
TBC
TBA (X)
TBC
TBA
TBA
P2 = 400 lb
B
P2 = 400 lb
TBA (Y)
10
T
6 BA
P2 = 400 lb
TBC
8 2
TBC (Y)
TBC (X)
P1 = 800 lb
P1 = 800 lb
sen =
8 4
=
10 5
sen =
cos =
6 3
=
10 5
cos =
sen =
8
8 2
8
8 2
=
=
P1 = 800 lb
2
2
2
2
TBA(Y )
TBA(Y )= sen (TBA )
TBA
4
TBA(Y )= (TBA )
5
42
cos =
TBA(X )
TBA(X )= cos (TBA )
TBA
3
TBA(X )= (TBA )
5
FX = 0
- 400 + TBC (X) - TBA (X) = 0
TBC (X) - TBA (X) = 400
2
(TBC ) - 3 TBA = 400 (Ecuacin 1)
2
5
FY = 0
sen =
TBC(Y )
TBC(Y )= sen (TBC )
TBC
2
(TBC )
TBC(Y )=
TBC(X )
cos =
TBC(X )= cos (TBC )
TBC
2
(TBC )
TBC(X )=
- 800 + TBC (Y) + TBA (Y) = 0

TBC (Y) + TBA (Y) = 800
2
(TBC ) + 4 TBA = 800 (Ecuacin 2)
2
5
2
(TBC ) - 3 TBA = 400 ( -1)
2
5
2
(TBC ) + 4 TBA = 800
2
5
2
(TBC ) + 3 TBA = - 400
2
5
2
(TBC ) + 4 TBA = 800
2
5
7
TBA = 400
5
(400)5
TBA =
7
TBA = 285,71 lb. (Tensin)
2
2
5
2
(TBC ) - 3 (285,71) = 400
2
5
2
(TBC ) - 171,42 = 400
2
2
(TBC ) = 571,42
2
2
TBC =
571,42
2
TBC = 808,12 lb. (Tensin)
43
NUDO C
TCA
TBC
8 2
TBC
CY
CY
TCA
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para el nudo C son:
TCA TBC C Y
=
=
8
8
8 2
Hallar TCA
TCA TBC
=
8
8 2
Pero:
TBC = 808,12 lb.
TCA 808,12
=
8
8 2
TCA =
808,12
= 571,42 lb
2
TCA = 571,42 lb (Compresin)

Determine la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura y establezca si los miembros estn en tensin o
en compresin. Considere P1 = 500 lb. y P2 = 100 lb.
AY
6 pies
8 pies
TCA
AX
TCA
TBC
TBA
CY
tensin
tensin
TBA
P2 = 100 lb
MA = 0
8 pies
TBC
P1 = 500 lb
44
- 100 (8) - 500 (6) + CY (6 + 8) = 0
- 100 (8) - 500 (6) + CY (14) = 0
FX = 0
- 800 - 3000 + CY (14) = 0

AX 400 = 0
- 3800 + CY (14) = 0
AX = 400 lb.
CY (14) = 3800
CY =
3800
= 271,42 lb
14
CY = 271,42 lb
MC = 0
- AY (6 + 8) - 100 (8) + 500 (8) = 0
- AY (14) - 100 (8) + 500 (8) = 0

- AY (14) - 800 + 4000 = 0
- 14 AY + 3200 = 0
14 AY = 3200
AY =
3200
= 228,57 lb
14
TBA (X)
AY = 228,57 lb
NUDO B
TBA (Y)
TBC
TBC
TBA
10
T
6 BA
TBC
8 2
TBC (Y)
TBC (X)
P2 = 400
100 lb
TBA
P2 = 100 lb
P1 = 800
500 lb
P2 = 100 lb
P1 = 500 lb
8 4
sen = =
10 5
cos =
6 3
=
10 5
P1 = 500 lb
sen =
cos =
8
8 2
8
8 2
=
=
2
2
2
2
45
sen =
TBA(Y )
TBA(Y )= sen (TBA )
TBA
cos =
TBA(X )
TBA(X )= cos (TBA )
TBA
4
TBA(Y )= (TBA )
5
3
TBA(X )= (TBA )
5
FX = 0
- 100 + TBC (X) - TBA (X) = 0
TBC (X) - TBA (X) = 100
2
2
5
FY = 0
- 500 + TBC (Y) + TBA (Y) = 0
sen =
TBC(Y )
TBC(Y )= sen (TBC )
TBC
2
(TBC )
TBC(Y )=
cos =
TBC(X )
TBC(X )= cos (TBC )
TBC
2
(TBC )
TBC(X )=
TBC (Y) + TBA (Y) = 500
2
(TBC ) + 4 TBA = 500 (Ecuacin 2)
2
5
2
(TBC ) - 3 TBA = 100 ( -1)
2
5
2
(TBC ) + 4 TBA = 500
2
5
2
(TBC ) + 3 TBA = - 100
2
5
2
(TBC ) + 4 TBA = 500
2
5
7
TBA = 400
5
2
2
5
2
(TBC ) - 3 (285,71) = 100
2
5
2
(TBC ) - 171,42 = 100
2
2
(TBC ) = 271,42
2
2
TBC =
271,42
2
46
(400)5
TBA =

NUDO C
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para el nudo C son:
TCA TBC C Y
=
=
8
8
8 2
TBC
TCA TBC
=
8
8 2
TCA 383,84
=
8
8 2
TCA =
383,84
= 271,42 lb
2
TBC
8 2
Hallar TCA
Pero:
TBC = 383,84 lb.
TCA
CY
CY
TCA


La armadura, usada para soportar un balcn, esta sometida a la carga mostrada. Aproxime cada nudo
como un pasador y determine la fuerza en cada miembro. Establezca si los miembros estn en tensin o
en compresin. Considere P1 = 600 lb P2 = 400 lb.
P2 = 400 lb
P1 = 600 lb
B FBC
FAB
FAD
FBC
C CY
CX
FAB
FDC
FBD
4 pies
FBD
FAD
FDC
D FED
4 pies
E
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
MC = 0
P1 (4 + 4) + P2 (4) EX (4) = 0
47
600 (4 + 4) + 400 (4) EX (4) = 0

P2 = 400 lb
P1 = 600 lb
600 (8) + 400 (4) 4 EX = 0

4800 + 1600 4 EX = 0
B FBC
FAB
6400 4 EX = 0
FAD
FBC
C CY
CX
FAB
FBD
FDC
4 EX = 6400
4 pies
6400
EX =
= 1600 lb
4
FBD
FDC
FAD
EX = 1600 lb
D FED
4 pies
NUDO A
E
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
P1 = 600 lb
FAB
FAB
4
FAD
4 2
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para el nudo A son:
P1 = 600 lb
FAD
FAB FAD 600

=
=
4
4
4 2
Cancelar trminos semejantes
F
FAB = AD = 600
2
FAB = 600 lb
Hallar FAB
Hallar FAD
FAD
= 600
2
FAD =
( 2 ) 600 = 848,52 lb
FAD = 848,52 lb (compresin)
FAB = 600 lb (Tension)
48
NUDO E
FED
FX = 0
FED - EX = 0
P2 = 400 lb
P1 = 600 lb
EX
EY = 0
B FBC
FAB
C CY
CX
FAB
FAD
FED = EX
FBC
FDC
FBD
4 pies
FBD
PERO: EX = 1600 lb
FED = 1600 lb (compresin)
FDC
FAD
D FED
FY = 0
EY = 0
FED
4 pies
4 pies
P1 = 600 lb
P2 = 400 lb
EX
EY = 0
NUDO B
P2 = 400 lb
FAB
B FBC
P2 = 400 lb
FAB
FBD
B FBC
FAB
FBD
FBC
FX = 0
FBC - FAB = 0
FAD
FBC
C CY
CX
FAB
FDC
FBD
4 pies
FBD
FBC = FAB
FAD
FDC
D FED
PERO: FAB = 600 lb (Tensin)
4 pies
E
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
FBC = 600 lb (Tensin)

FY = 0
FBD - 400 = 0
FBD = 400 lb (compresin)
FY = 0
CY - 600 - 400 = 0
FX = 0
CX - EX = 0
CX = EX
PERO: EX = 1600 lb
CX = 1600 lb
CY - 1000 = 0
CY = 1000 lb.
49
NUDO C
P2 = 400 lb
P1 = 600 lb
FY = 0
C CY
FBC
CY FDC(Y) = 0
A
CX
CY = FDC(Y)
B FBC
FAB
FAD
CX
FBD
sen =
4 2
FBD
FDC =
FDC(Y )
sen
FDC =
1000
= 1414,22 lb
0,7071
FDC = 1414,22 lb (tensin)
FDC
FAD
1
= 0,7071
2
FDC(Y )
FDC
FDC
4 pies
FDC(Y) = 1000 lb
C CY
FAB
FDC
PERO: CY = 1000 lb.
sen =
FBC
D FED
4 pies
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
FDC
4 2
FDC (Y)
4
FDC (X)
FBC
FDC
FDC (Y)
CY
CX
FBD = 400 lb (compresin)

EX = 1600 lb
FAB = 600 lb (Tensin)
EY = 0
CX = 1600 lb
CY = 1000 lb.
50

La armadura, usada para soportar un balcn, esta sometida a la carga mostrada. Aproxime cada nudo
como un pasador y determine la fuerza en cada miembro. Establezca si los miembros estn en tensin o
en compresin. Considere P1 = 800 lb P2 = 0 lb.
FUERZA CERO
P1 = 800 lb
B FBC
FAB
FAD
C CY
FBC
CX
FAB
FDC
FBD = 0
4 pies
FBD = 0
FAD
FDC
D FED
4 pies
MC = 0
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
P1 (4 + 4) EX (4) = 0
800 (4 + 4) EX (4) = 0
800 (8) 4 EX = 0
6400 4 EX = 0
4 EX = 6400
EX =
6400
= 1600 lb
4
EX = 1600 lb
P1 = 800 lb
NUDO A
A
FAB
P1 = 800 lb
4
FAB
4 2
B FBC
FAB
FAD
C CY
CX
FAB
FBD = 0
P1 = 800 lb
FAD
FBC
4 pies
FDC
FBD = 0
FAD
FAD
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para el nudo A son:
FAB FAD 800

=
=
4
4
4 2
FDC
D FED
4 pies
E
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
Cancelar trminos semejantes
51
F
FAB = AD = 800
2
Hallar FAD
FAD
= 800
2
FAD = 2 800 = 1131,37 lb
( )
FAB = 800 lb
Hallar FAB
NUDO E
FX = 0
FED - EX = 0
FED = EX
P1 = 800 lb
E
FED
EX
B FBC
FAB
FDC
FBD = 0
4 pies
PERO: EX = 1600 lb
CX
FAB
FAD
EY = 0
C CY
FBC
FBD = 0

FY = 0
EY = 0
FDC
FAD
D FED
4 pies
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
NUDO B
FUERZA CERO
Si tres miembros forman un nudo de armadura en el cual dos de los miembros son colineales, el tercer
miembro es un miembro de fuerza cero siempre que ninguna fuerza exterior o reaccin de soporte este
aplicada al nudo.
FX = 0
FBC - FAB = 0
B FBC
FAB
FBD
FBC = FAB
Pero:
FUERZA CERO
P1 = 800 lb
B FBC
FAB
FAD
C CY
CX
FAB
FBD = 0
4 pies
FDC
FBD = 0

FAD
FY = 0
FBD = 0
FBC
FDC
D FED
4 pies
E
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
52
FY = 0
FX = 0
CY - 800 = 0
CX = EX
CY = 800 lb.
PERO: EX = 1600 lb
CX - EX = 0
FDC
CX = 1600 lb
4 2
FBC
FDC (Y)
NUDO C
FDC
FY = 0
CY FDC(Y) = 0
CX
FDC
PERO: CY = 800 lb.
CX
P1 = 800 lb
FAD
1
= 0,7071
2
4 2
FDC(Y )
sen =
FDC
FDC =
FDC =
C CY
CX
FBD = 0
4 pies
FDC
FBD = 0
FDC
D FED
4 pies
E
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
FBD = 0 lb
800
= 1131,38 lb
0,7071
CX = 1600 lb
FBC
FAB
FAD
FDC(Y )
sen
EX = 1600 lb
B FBC
FAB
FDC(Y) = 800 lb
sen =
FDC (X)
CY
C CY
FBC
CY = FDC(Y)
FDC (Y)
EY = 0

CY = 800 lb.
53
Problema c-34 esttica Hibbeler edic 10

Determine la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura. Establezca si los miembros estn en tensin o en
compresin.
BY
FUERZA CERO
FCB
BX
FAB
FCB
3 pies
C
FDC
FCA
FCA
FDC
FAB
FDA A AX
FDA
2 pies
2 pies
300 lb
FDC
NUDO D
FDC
FDC 300 FDA

=
=
4
5
3
FDC
F
= 100 = DA
4
5
FDA
300 lb
3
4
FDA
300 lb
Hallar FDA
FDA
= 100
4
Hallar FCD
FDC
= 100
5
FDA = (4) 100 = 400 lb (compresin)
FDC = (5) 100 = 500 lb (Tensin)

FUERZA CERO
Si tres miembros forman un nudo de armadura en el cual dos de los miembros son colineales, el tercer
miembro es un miembro de fuerza cero siempre que ninguna fuerza exterior o reaccin de soporte este
aplicada al nudo.
FUERZA CERO
FCA = 0
FCB
FDC = FCB
Pero: FDC = 500 lb
C
FDC
FCA = 0
FCB = 500 lb (Tensin)
54
NUDO A
FCA = 0
FAB = 0
FCA = 0
FAB = 0
BY
FDA A AX
FX = 0
FDA - AX = 0
FCB
AX
FDA
FCA = 0
BX
FCB
3 pies
FAB = 0
FDC
FY = 0
FCB = 500 lb (Tensin)
FAB = 0
FDA = (4) 100 = 400 lb
FDC
(compresin)
FDA A AX
FDA
2 pies
2 pies
FDC = (5) 100 = 500 lb

300 lb
(Tensin)
Problema C-35 esttica Hibbeler edic 10

Determine la fuerza en los miembros AE y DC. Establezca si los miembros estn en tensin o en
compresin.
E
D
F
FAB
=0
FAE
FCD
3 pies
FAF = 0
A
AX = 0
AY
FCD
FAE
FCB = 0
FAB
FAB
B FCB = 0
4 pies
4 pies
800 lb
CY
FY = 0
AY 800 + CY = 0
Pero: CY = 400 lb
AY 800 + 400 = 0
AY 400 = 0
AY = 400 lb
55
MA = 0
- 800 (4 ) + CY (4 + 4) = 0
- 3200 + CY (8) = 0
CY (8) = 3200
CY =
3200
= 400 lb
8
CY = 400 lb
FX = 0
AX = 0
NUDO C
FCD
FY = 0
FCB = 0
CY FCD = 0
CY
Pero: CY = 400 lb
CY = FCD
FCD = 400 lb (compresin)
FX = 0
F
FAB
FCB = 0
=0
FAE
FCD
3 pies
FAF = 0
A
AX = 0
AY
FCD
FAE
FCB = 0
FAB
FAB
B FCB = 0
4 pies
4 pies
CY
800 lb
56
NUDO A
FAF = 0
FAE
5
FAE
AY
4
AX = 0
FAB
FAB
AY
FAE A Y FAB
=
=
4
3
5
Pero: AY = 400 lb
FAE 400 FAB

=
=
4
5
3
F
FAB
=0
FAE
FCD
3 pies
FAF = 0
A
AX = 0
FCD
FAE
FCB = 0
FAB
4 pies
AY
B FCB = 0
FAB
CY
4 pies
800 lb
Hallar FAE
FAE 400
=
5
3
400(5)
F AE =
3
Hallar FCD
FAB 400
=
4
3
FAB = 533,33 lb (Tensin)
FAE = 666,66 lb (compresin)
Problema 6.8 esttica Hibbeler edic 10

Determine la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura y establezca si los miembros estn a tensin o en
compresin. Considere P1 = 2 KN y P2 = 1,5 kN.
AY
A
AX
FBA
Y = 3,464
FBA
B
FCB
FBE
FDB
FBE
FDB
EX
CY
FDE
FDE
YF1DB= 1,732
D
3m
FCD
FCB
0
30
FCD
3m
2 KN
1,5 KN
57
ME = 0
- 2 (3) 1,5 (3 + 3) + AX (3,464) = 0
- 6 1,5 (6) + 3,464 AX = 0

- 6 9 + 3,464 AX = 0
- 15 + 3,464 AX = 0
tg 30 =
3,464 AX = 15
AX =
15
= 4,33 kN
3,464
Y
6
Y = 6 tg 30 = 6 (0,5773) = 3,464 m
AX = 500 N
Y
tg 30 = 1
3
NUDO C
Y1 = 3 tg 30 = 3 (0,5773) = 1,732 m
AY
FCB
300
A
C
FCD
AX
1,5 KN
B
FCB
FCB
1,5 KN
FDB
Y1 = 1,732
3,464
3m
FCD
EX
CY
FCB
FDB
E
FDE
FDE
300
FCD
2 KN
FCD
1,5 KN
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta C son:
FCB
F
1,5
=
= CD
3,464 1,732
3
Hallar FCB
FCB
1,5
=
3,464 1,732
1,5 (3,464)
FCB =
= 3 kN
1,732
Hallar FCD
F
1,5
= CD
3
1,732
FCD =
1,5 (3)
= 2,598 kN
1,732
FCD = 2,598 kN (compresin)
FCB = 3 kN (tensin)
58
NUDO D
FDB
FDE
FCD
AY
FDE
FDB
2 KN
FY = 0
2 KN
FCD
AX
FX = 0
FDB - 2 = 0
FDE - FCD = 0
FDB = 2 kN (tensin)
FDE = FCD
FCB
FDB
Pero: FCD = 2,598 kN (compresin)

FDE = 2,598 kN (compresin)
EX
FCB
FDB
E
CY
FDE
FDE
300
FCD
FCD
2 KN
NUDO B
1,5 KN
FBA
B
AY
FBA(X)
FCB
FBE
A
FBA
AX
FBA
FBA(Y)
FDB
300
300
FBA
FBE(Y)
FBE
EX
sen 30 =
FDE
FBA(Y )
FBA
FDE
FCB(X)
FCB
FDB
CY
FCB(Y)
FDB
FDB
FCB
FBE
FBE(X)
FCB
FBE
300
D
2 KN
30
FCD
FCD
1,5 KN
sen 30 =
3
2
sen 60 =
1
2
1
FBA(Y ) = FBA
2
FBA (Y) = FBA sen 30
59
sen 30 =
FBE(Y )
FBE
cos 30 =
FBA(X )
FBA
FBA(X ) = FBA
1
FBE(Y ) = FBE
2
FBA (X) = FBA cos 30
sen 30 =
cos 30 =
FBE (Y) = FBE sen 30
FCB(Y )
FCB
1
FCB(Y ) = FCB
2
FCB (Y) = FCB sen 30
FBE(X )
FBE
cos 30 =
FCB(X )
FCB
FCB(X ) = FCB
FCB (X) = FCB cos 30
FBE(X ) = FBE
FBE (X) = FBE cos 30
FY = 0
FBA (Y) + FBE (Y) - FCB (Y) - FDB = 0
1
1
1
FBA + FBE - FCB - FDB = 0
2
2
2
Pero:
FDB = 2 kN (tensin)
FCB = 3 kN (tensin)
1
1
FBA + FBE
2
2
1
1
FBA + FBE
2
2
1
1
FBA + FBE
2
2
1
- (3) - 2 = 0
2
1
= (3) + 2
2
= 1,5 + 2 = 3,5
0,5 FBA + 0,5 FBE = 3,5 dividiendo por 0,5 (para simplificar)
FBA + FBE = 7 (Ecuacin 1)
FX = 0
- FBA (X) + FBE (X) + FCB (X) = 0
3
3
3
FBA +
FBE +
2
2 FCB = 0
2
- FBA + FBE + FCB = 0
60
Pero:
FCB = 3 kN (tensin)
- FBA + FBE + 3 = 0
- FBA + FBE = - 3 (- 1)
FBA - FBE = 3
(Ecuacin 2)
Resolver la ecuacin 1 y 2
FBA - FBE = 3
(Ecuacin 2)
2 FBA = 10
FBA =
10
= 5 kN
2
FBA = 5 kN (tensin)
Pero: FBA = 5 kN (tensin)
AX = 500 N
FCB = 3 kN (tensin)
FCD = 2,598 kN (compresin)

FDE = 2,598 kN (compresin)
FDB = 2 kN (tensin)
FBA = 5 kN (tensin)
FBE = 2 kN (compresin)
5 + FBE = 7
FBE = 7 - 5
FBE = 2 kN (compresin)
61
PROBLEMA RESUELTO ESTATICA MERIAM Edic 3.

Calcular, por el mtodo de los nudos, la fuerza en los miembros del entramado en voladizo
B
5m
FBD
FBD
5m
FAB
FBC
FAB
5m
FCD
FBC
FAC
FAC
5m
30 kN
FCE
5m
20 kN
TX
5m
600
60
TY
300
600
5m
EX
A
C
5m
30 kN
E
5m
EY
20 kN
ME = 0
- T (5) + 30 (5 + 5) + 20 (5) = 0
- 5 T + 30 (10) + 20 (5) = 0
- 5 T + 300 + 100 = 0
- 5 T + 400 = 0
5 T = 400
62
T=
400
= 80 N
5
T = 80 N
T
cos 30 = X
T
T
sen 30 = Y
T
TX = T cos 30
TY = T sen 30
Pero: T = 80 N
Pero: T = 80 N
TX = 80 (0,866)
TY = 80 (0,5)
TX = 69,28 N
TY = 40 N
FY = 0
FX = 0
TY + EY - 30 - 20 = 0
TX - EX = 0
TY + EY - 50 = 0
Pero: TX = 69,28 N
Pero: TY = 40 N
TX = EX
40 + EY - 50 = 0
EX = 69,28 N
EY - 10 = 0
EY = 10 KN
A continuacin, dibujamos los diagramas de slido libre que muestren las fuerzas actuantes en cada
nudo. La exactitud de los sentidos asignados a las fuerzas se comprueba al considerar cada nudo en el
orden asignado. No debe haber dudas acerca de la exactitud del sentido asignado a las fuerzas
actuantes en el nudo A. El equilibrio exige
NUDO A
FAB
30 FAC
=
=
4,33 2,5
5
FAB
Hallar FAB
FAB
30
=
4,33
5
FAB =
FAB
FAC
4,33
2,5
30 kN
(30) 5 = 34,64 KN
4,33
FAB = 34,64 kN (tensin)
FAC
30 kN
Se halla FAC
30 FAC
=
4,33 2,5
(30) 2,5 = 17,32 KN
FAC =
4,33
FAC = 17,32 kN (compresion)
63
NUDO B
B
FBD
FBD
FBC
FAB
FBC
FBC (Y)
FBC(Y )
sen 60 =
FBC
3
FBC(Y ) = FBC
3
FBC
FBC(Y ) =
FBC(Y) = FBC sen 60
sen 60 =
FAB(Y )
FAB
FAB(Y) = FAB sen 60
FAB(Y ) = FAB
3
FAB
FAB(Y ) =
FAB (Y)
FAB
sen 60 =
cos 60 =
3
1
cos 60 =
2
2
FAB(X )
FAB
1
FAB(x ) = FAB
2
1
FAB(x ) = FAB
2
FAB(X) = FAB cos 60
600
FBC (X)
cos 60 =
600
FAB (X)
FBC(X )
FBC
FBC(X) = FBC cos 60
1
FBC(x ) = FBC
2
1
FBC(x ) = FBC
2
FY = 0
FBC(Y) - FAB(Y) = 0
FBC(Y) = FAB(Y)
3
3
FBC =
2
2 FAB
FBC = FAB
PERO: FAB = 34,64 kN
1
FAB(x ) = FAB
2
FBC = 34,64 kN (compresin)
64
PERO: FAB = 34,64 kN

1
FAB(x ) = (34,64) = 17,32 KN
2
FAB(x) = 17,32 KN
3
FBC
FBC(x ) =
PERO: FBC = 34,64 kN

1
FBC(x ) = (34,64) = 17,32 KN
2
FBC(x) = 17,32 KN
FX = 0
- FAB(x) - FBC(x) + FBD = 0
PERO:
FAB(x) = 17,32 KN
FBC(x) = 17,32 KN
- FAB(x) - FBC(x) + FBD = 0
-17,32 17,32 + FBD = 0
- 34,64 + FBD = 0
B
FBD = 34,64 KN (tensin)
5m
5m
FBC
FCD
FED
5m
FCD
FBC
FAC
FAB
FBD
FBD
NUDO C
FAB
FCD
FBC
FED
EX
FCE
FAC
FAC
FCE
5m
FCE
5m
EY
20 kN
30 kN
20 kN
FCD (X)
FBC (X)
PERO:
FAC = 17,32 kN (compresion)
FBC(x) = 17,32 KN
3
FBC
FBC(Y ) =
3
(34,64) = 30 KN
FBC(Y ) =
FBC(Y) = 30 KN
FBC
FCD
FBC (Y)
FCD(Y)
600
600
FAC
FCE
20 kN
65
cos 60 =
FCD(X )
FCD
FCD(X) = FCD cos 60
1
FCD(x ) = FCD
2
FX = 0
FCD(x) + FBC(x) + FAC FCE = 0
sen 60 =
FCD(Y )
FCD
FCD(Y) = FCD sen 60
FCD(Y ) = FCD
3
FCD
FCD(Y ) =
PERO:
FAC = 17,32 kN (compresin)
FBC(x) = 17,32 KN
FCD(x) + 17,32 + 17,32 FCE = 0
1
FCD - FCE = - 34,64 (Ecuacin 1)
2
3
FCD
FCD(Y ) =
2
FCD =
FCD(Y )
3
PERO: FCD(Y) = 50 KN
2
FCD =
50 = 57,73 KN
3
FCD = 57,73 kN (Tensin)
FCD(x) + 34,64 FCE = 0
FY = 0
- FBC(Y) + FCD(Y) 20 = 0
PERO:
FBC(Y) = 30 KN
- 30 + FCD(Y) 20 = 0
- 50 + FCD(Y) = 0
FCD(Y) = 50 KN
1
FCD - FCE = - 34,64 (Ecuacin 1)
2
1
57,73 - FCE = - 34,64
2
Reemplazar en la ecuacin 1
28,86 FCE = - 34,64

FCE = - 34,64 - 28,86
FCE = - 63,5 (-1)
FCE = 63,5 KN (compresin)
66
NUDO E
B
5m
FED
FCE
E
5m
FBC
FAB
FED
5m
FBD
FBD
EX
FCD
EY
FAB
FCD
FBC
FED
FY = 0
EX
EY - FED (Y) = 0
FAC
FAC
FCE
5m
FED (Y) = EY
PERO:
FCE
5m
EY
20 kN
30 kN
EY = 10 KN
FED (Y) = 10 KN
FED(Y )
sen 60 =
FED
FED (X)
FED
FED (Y) = FED sen 60
FED =
FED(Y )
10
=
= 11,54 kN
sen 60 0,866
FED (Y)
600
EX
FCE
FED = 11,54 KN (compresin)
EY
T = 80 N
EX = 69,28 N
EY = 10 KN
FAB = 34,64 kN (tensin)
FAC = 17,32 kN (compresin)
FBD = 34,64 KN (tensin)
FCD = 57,73 kN (Tensin)
FCE = 63,5 KN (compresin)
FED = 11,54 KN (compresin)
67

Hallar la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura cargada
B
600N
600N
1,25 m
1,25 m
A
A
AX
AY
B
3m
CY
600N
FBA
MA = 0
3m
FBC
CY (3) 600 (1,25) = 0
3 CY 750 = 0
3 CY = 750
CY =
FBA
AX
FCA
FBC
FCA
CY
AY
750
= 250 N
3
CY = 250 N
MC = 0
AY (3) 600 (1,25) = 0
FX = 0
3 AY 750 = 0
600 AX = 0
3 AY = 750
750
AY =
= 250 N
3
600 = AX
B
AX = 600 Newton
600N
FBA
FBC
AY = 250 N
Nudo B
B
B
600N
FBC
FBA
FBC FBA 600

=
=
3,25 1,25
3
FBC FBA
=
= 200
3,25 1,25
FBA
AX
FCA
AY
FBC
1,25
FBA
FBC
FCA
C
CY
3,25
Hallar FBC
3
600N
FBC
= 200
3,25
FBC = 200 (3,25)

FBC = 650 Newton (compresin)
68
Hallar FAB
FBA
= 200
1,25
FAB = 200 (1,25)

FAB = 250 Newton (traccin)
Nudo C
FBC
B
C
FCA
FBC
CY = 250 N
CY
1,25
600N
FBA
FBC
3,25
3
FBC C Y FCA
=
=
3,25 1,25
3
FCA
FBA
AX
FCA
FBC
FCA
AY
C
CY
650 C Y FCA
=
=
3,25 1,25
3
Hallar FCA
650 FCA
=
3
3,25
(650) 3
FCA =
3,25
FCA = 600 Newton (traccin)
CY = 250 N AX = 600 Newton

AY = 250 N
FAB = 250 Newton (traccin)
FCA = 600 Newton (traccin)
69
Problema 4.1 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco; Problema 4.2 Esttica Meriam edicin tres
Hallar la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura simple equiltera
AY
1,732 m
AX A
2m
2m
C
MA = 0
735,75 N
CX
CX (2) - 735,75 ( 1,732) = 0
W=mxg
m
w = 75 kg 9,81
= 735,75 Newton
2
seg
W = 735,75 Newton
CX (2) = 1274,31
CX =
2m
1274,31
= 637,15 N
2
CX = 637,15 Newton
FX = 0
FY = 0
CX - AX = 0
AY 735,75 = 0
CX = AX
AY = 735,75 Newton
AX = 637,15 Newton
FBA 367,87
=
2
1
Nudo B
FBA
30
367,87 N
FBC
735,75 N
2
1,732
FBA
FBA = 2 X 367,87
FBA = 735,75 Newton
735,75 N
367,87 N
1,732
1
FBC
2
FBC 367,87
=
2
1
FBC = 2 X 367,87
FBC = 735,75 Newton
70
Nudo C
FBC FCA C X
=
=
2
1
1,732
FBC = 735,75 Newton (compresin)
735,75 FCA
=
1
2
735,75
FCA =
2
CX
FBC
FCA
300
CX
FCA
FBC
1,732
FCA = 367,87 Newton (tensin)

Hallar la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura cargada. Explicar por que no hace falta saber las
longitudes de los miembros.
2,4 kN
2,4 kN
600
300
600
300
AX
CY
AY
Nudo B
2,4 kN
2,4 kN
FBA
300
2,4 kN
FBA
FBC
FBA(Y )
sen 30 =
FBA
1
FBA(Y ) = FBA
2
1
FBA(Y ) = FBA
2
FBA (Y)
600
FBA
FBC
FBC (Y)
FBA (X)
FBC
FBA(Y) = FBA sen 30
FBC (X)
sen 30 =
1
2
sen 60 =
3
2
cos 60 =
1
2
cos 30 =
3
2
71
sen 60 =
FBC(Y )
FBC
cos 60 =
FBC(Y) = FBC sen 60
FBC(Y ) = FBC
3
FBC
FBC(Y ) =
FBC(X )
FBC
1
FBc(x ) = FBC
2
1
FBc(x ) = FBC
2
FBC(X) = FBC cos 60
FX = 0
cos 30 =
FBA(X )
FBA
FBA(X) = FBA cos 30
FBA(x ) = FBA
3
FBA
FBA(x ) =
FBA(X) - FBC(X) = 0
3
1
FBA - FBC = 0 (ECUACIN 1)
2
2
( )
3
1
2 FBA - 2 FBC = 0 3
3
1
FBC = 2,4
FBA +
2
2
FY = 0
FBA(Y) + FBC(Y) - 2,4 = 0
3
1
FBC = 2,4 (ECUACIN 2)
FBA +
2
2
3
FBC = 0
-
2
3
1
FBC = 2,4
FBA +
2
2
3
FBA
2
3
1
FBA + FBA = 2,4
2
2
2 FBA = 2,4
FBA =
2,4
= 1,2 kN
2
FBA = 1,2 kN (compresin)
72
3
1
FBA - FBC = 0 (ECUACIN 1)
2
2
3
1
FBA = FBC
2
2
3 FBA = FBC
FBA = 1,2 kN
3 (1,2 ) = FBC

FBC
Nudo C
FCA(X )
cos 60 =
FCA
FBC
0
60
600
FCA (X)
FCA
FCA (X) = (cos 60) FCA
CY
CY
FCA
600
FCA
FX = 0
FCA (Y)
FCA (X) - FBC = 0

(cos 60) FCA - FBC = 0
(cos 60) FCA = FBC
FCA =
FBC 2,078
=
= 1,039 kN
0,5
cos 60
FBA = 1,039 kN (traccin)
73

Determine the force in each member of the truss. Note the presence of any zero-force members.
5 kN
AY
Ax
3m
FAB
A
FBC
MA = 0
FCA
B
FBC
1m
FBC
DX (1) - 5 (3) = 0
FAB
FCA
FCD
Dx
DX - 15 = 0
FCD
FBC
C
2m
DX = 15 KN
FX = 0
DX AX = 0
5 kN
AY
Ax
b=3m
DX = AX
FBC
=26,560
c= 5
a=2 2
1m
FBC
D
Dx
2m
C
ley de cosenos
PERO: DX = 15 KN
a2 = b2 + c2 2 b c sen
( 5 )2 - 2 (3) ( 5 )sen 26,56
AX = 15 KN
a 2 = (3)2 +
FY = 0
AY 5 = 0
a2 = 9 + 5- 6
AY = 5 KN
tg =
2
1
= arc tg (2)
= 63,430
( 5 )(0,4471)
a 2 = 14 - 2,68
( 5)
a 2 = 14 - 6 a 2 = 8
a= 8 =2 2
74
+ = 900
= 900 -
= 900 63,43
= 26,560
FAB
NUDO B
FBC(X)
5 kN
FBC
FAB
5 kN
=450
FBC(Y)
FBC
FBC
ley de cosenos
c2 = a2 + b2 2 a b sen
= arc tg 0,7071
( 5 )2 = (2 2 )2 + (3)2 - 2 (2 2 )(3) sen

5 = 8 + 9 - 12 ( 2 ) sen
cos = cos 45 = 0,7071
5 = 17 - 16,97 sen
FBC(X) = FBC cos 45
= 450
sen = sen 45 = 0,7071
5 = 8 + 9 - 16,97 sen
16,97 sen = 17 - 5 = 12
12
sen =
= 0,7071
16,97
Pero:
FBC = 7,071 KN
FBC(X) = FBC cos 45
75
FBC(X )
cos 45 =
FBC
FBC(X) = FBC cos 45
FBC(X) = FBC cos 45

Pero:
FBC = 7,071 KN
FBC(X) = FBC cos 45
FY = 0
FBC(Y) 5 = 0
FBC(X) = (7,071) (0,7071)
FBC(Y) = 5 kN
FBC(Y )
5
=
= 7,071 kN
sen 45 0,7071
FBC = 7,071 KN
FBC(X) = 5 kN
FBC =
FX = 0
FBC(X) FAB = 0
FAB = FBC(X) FAB = 5 kN
NUDO C
5 kN
FCA
FCD
AY
FBC
C
Ax
3m
FAB
A
FBC
FCA(X )
cos 26,56 =
FCA
FCA(X) = FCA cos 26,56
FAB
=450
FCA
FBC
1m
FBC
FCA
FCD
Dx
FCD
FBC
C
2m
FCA(X) = 0,8944 FCA
FBC(X)
FY = 0
FCA(Y) FBC(Y) = 0
FCA(Y) = FBC(Y)
FBC(Y)
FBC
=450
FCD
=26,56
Pero: FBC (Y) = 5 kN
FCA
FCA(Y) = 5 kN
sen 26,56 =
FCA(Y )
FCA
FCA(Y)
FCA(X)
76
FCA =
FCA(Y )
5
=
= 11,18 kN
sen 26,56 0,4471
FCA = 11,18 kN (tensin)

FX = 0
- FBC(X) + FCD FCA(X) = 0
Reemplazando la ecuacin 1
FCD 0,8944 FCA = 5 (Ecuacin 1)
Pero: FBC(X) = 5 kN
Pero: FCA = 11,18 kN
- 5 + FCD FCA(X) = 0
FCD 0,8944 (11,18) = 5
FCD FCA(X) = 5
FCD 10 = 5
FCA(X) = 0,8944 FCA
FCD = 5 + 10 = 15 kN
FCD 0,8944 FCA = 5 (Ecuacin 1)
FCD = 15 Kn (compresin)
5 kN
AY
NUDO D
FX = 0
DX - FCD = 0
DX = FCD
Ax
3m
FAB
A
FBC
Fy = 0
=450
FCA
FBC
1m
FBC
Pero:
FCD = 15 Kn
FAB
FCA
FCD
Dx
FCD
FBC
C
2m
FBC = 0
77
Problema 4.4 Esttica Meriam edicin tres; Problema 4.6 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco;
Hallar la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura cargada
E
3m
FED
FAE
D
2 kN
FED
FBD
FEB
FCD
FCD
FEB
MC = 0
FAE
- AY (6) + 2 (3) = 0
FBD
CX
A
FAB
6 AY = 2 (3)
AY = 1 kN
AY
FAB
FBC
FBC
6m
CY
FX = 0
MA = 0
CX 2 = 0
2 (3) - CY (6) = 0
CX = 2 kN
2 (3) = CY (6)
CY = 1 kN
Nudo A
FAE
4,24
FAE
CY
FAB
AY
C Y FAB FAE
=
=
4,24
3
3
CY = 1 kN
1 FAB FAE
=
=
4,24
3
3
FAB
Se halla FAB
1 FAB
=
3
3
FAB = 1 kN (tension)
Se halla FAE
1 FAE
=
3 4,24
FAE =
4,24
= 1,41kN
3
FAE = 1,413 Kn (compresin)
78
Nudo E
E
4,24
FED
FAE
FEB
FAE
FED
FEB
FEB FED FAE

=
=
4,24
3
3
FAE = 1,413 kN
FEB FED 1,413

=
=
4,24
3
3
Se halla FEB
FEB
= 0,3332
3
Se halla FED
FEB = 3 (0,3332) = 1 kN
(tensin)
FED = 3 (0,3332) = 1 kN
(compresin)
FED
= 0,3332
3
FEB FED
=
= 0,3332
3
3
Nudo B
FEB
FBC
FBD
4,24
B
FAB
FBD
FBC
3
tg = = 1
3
= arc tg (1)
= 450
FBD (Y)
FBD
FAB = 1 kN
FBD (X)
FY = 0
FBD(Y )
sen =
FBD
FBD(Y )
sen 45 =
FBD
1 = FBD(Y)
FBD (sen 45) = FBD(Y)
1 = FBD (sen 45)
FBD(X )
cos =
FBD
FBD(X )
cos 45 =
FBD
FEB = 1 kn
FEB - FBD(Y) = 0
FEB = FBD(Y)
FEB = 3 (0,3332) = 1 kN
FBD =
1
1
=
= 1,414 kN
sen 45 0,7071
FBD = 1,414 kN
79
FBD (X) = FBD (cos 45)
FX = 0
FBD = 1,414 kN
FBC - FBD (X) FAB = 0
FBD (X) = 1,414 (cos 45)
FBC = FBD (X) + FAB
Pero: FAB = 1 kN
Pero: FBD (X) = 1 kN
FBC = 1 + 1
FBD (X) = 1,414 (0,7071)
FBC = 2 kN
FBD (X) = 1 kN
Nudo C
FCD
CX
FCD
FY = 0
FX = 0
FCD - CY = 0
CX - FBC = 0
CX
FBC
CY
CY
FBC
FCD = CY
CX = FBC
CY = 1 kN
FBC = 2 kN
(traccin)
FCD = CY = 1 kN (traccin)
CX = FBC = 2 kN
Calculate the forces in members BE and BD of the loaded truss.
8 pulg.
8 pulg.
FBC
CY
FBC
C
Cx
FBD
FAB
FEB
8 pulg.
FEB
FBD
FAB
A
MC = 0
FAE
FAE
FED
FED
Dx
DY
1000 lb
1000 (8 + 8) - DX (8) = 0
1000 (16) - 8 DX = 0
16000 - 8 DX = 0
80
8 DX = 16000
DX =
16000
= 2000 lb.
8
FX = 0
CX - DX = 0
DX = 2000 lb.
C
CY
CX = DX
CY
PERO: DX = 2000 lb.
2
2
CX = 2000 lb.
Cx
Cx
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la fuerza C son:
CY CX
=
2
2
CY = CX
PERO: CX = 2000 lb.
CY = 2000 lb.
8 pulg.
NUDO A
8 pulg.
CY
2
C
Cx
FAB
FAB
FAB
FAE
8 2
8 pulg.
1000 lb
FAB
8
1000 lb
FAE
FAE
FAE
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio son:
FAB 1000 FAE

=
=
8
8
8 2
FAB
= 1000 = FAE
2
Dx
DY
1000 lb
Hallar FAE
1000 = FAE
FAE = 1000 lb. (Compresin)
81
Hallar FAB
FAB
= 1000
2
FAB = 1000
( 2)
FAB = 1414,21libras (tensin)

8 pulg.
NUDO E
8 pulg.
FBC
CY
FBC
FEB
Cx
FBD
FAB
FEB
8 pulg.
FED
FEB
FAE
FBD
FAB
FY = 0
FEB = 0
FAE
FAE
FED
FED
Dx
D
DY
1000 lb
FX = 0
FAE - FED = 0
FAE = FED
FBD(X)
PERO: FAE = 1000 lb.

FBD(Y)
FED = 1000 lb. (Compresin)

NUDO B
FAB(X)
8 2
8 2
FBD
FAB
8
FAB(Y)
FBC
FBC
FBC
FAB
FBD
FAB
FBD
FEB
=0
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta B son:
FAB FAB(Y ) FAB(X )

=
=
8
8
8 2
Hallar FAB(X)
FAB
= FAB(X )
2
1414,2
2
= FAB(X )
FAB(X) = 1000 lb.
FAB
= FAB(Y ) = FAB(X )
2
82
PERO: FAB = 1414,21libras

Hallar FAB(Y)
FAB
= FAB(Y )
2
1414,2
2
= FAB(Y )
FX = 0
FBC - FBD(X) - FAB(X) = 0
FAB(Y) = 1000 lb.

FY = 0
PERO: FAB(X) = 1000 lb.

FBC - FBD(X) = FAB(X)
FBD (Y) FAB (Y) = 0

FBC - FBD(X) = 1000 ECUACION 1
FBD (Y) = FAB (Y)
Pero: FAB (Y) = 1000 lb.

FBD (Y) = 1000 lb.
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta B son:
FBD FBD(Y ) FBD(X )

=
=
8
8
8 2
FBD
= FBD(Y ) = FBD(X )
2
Pero: FBD (Y) = 1000 lb.
FBD(Y ) = FBD(X )
FBD (X) = 1000 lb.
FBD
= FBD(Y )
2
Pero: FBD (Y) = 1000 lb.
( 2 ) FBD(Y )
FBD = ( 2 )1000
FBD =
Hallar FBC
FBC - FBD(X) = 1000 ECUACION 1
PERO:
FBD (X) = 1000 lb.
FBC - 1000 = 1000
FBC = 1000 + 1000
DX = 2000 lb.
FAB = 1414,21libras (tensin)
FAE = 1000 lb. (Compresin)
FED = 1000 lb. (Compresin)
FEB = 0
FBD = 1414,2 libras (compresin)
83
Problema 4.5 Esttica Meriam edicin tres;

Hallar la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura cargada. Influye la carga de 6 kN en los resultados.
3
4
10 kN
4m
BX = 6 kN
6 kN
4m
3
5
10 kN
4
BY =8 kN
4m
4m
B X 10 B Y
= =
4
5
3
BX = 6 kN
AY
10 kN
BY =8 kN
4m
AX
FAB
FAE
FCB
FCB
FBD
FCD
CY
FBE
Hallar BX
BX
=2
3
BX = 3 (2) = 6 KN
BX = 6 KN
FED
MA = 0
4m
FAB
FBE
4m F
AE
6 kN
FCD
FED
Hallar BY
4m
BY
=2
4
- BY (4) + CY (4 + 4) - 6 (4 + 4) = 0
- 8 (4) + CY (8) - 6 (8) = 0
FX = 0
- 4 + CY - 6 = 0
BX - AX = 0
= 6 KN
BY = 4 (2) = 6 KN
PERO: BX
BY = 8 KN
CY - 10 = 0
BX = AX
CY = 10 KN
AX = 6 KN
84
MC = 0
- AY (4 + 4) + BY (4) = 0
PERO: BY = 8 KN
- AY (8) + 8 (4) = 0
- AY + 4 = 0
AY = 4 kN
AY
NUDO A
sen =
sen =
FAE(Y )
FAE
2 3
3
=
4
2
FAE(Y) = sen FAE
3
FAE(Y ) =
FAE
2
FAE(X )
cos =
FAE
2 1
cos = =
4 2
FAE(X) = cos FAE
1
FAE(X ) = FAE
2
FY = 0
AY FAE (Y) = 0
PERO:
AY = 4 kN
AX
AY
2
2m
FAE(X)
FAB
FAE
2 3
FAE(Y)
AX
2m
FAB
FAB
FBE
4m F
AE
FAE
FAE
FX = 0
FAE(X) AX + FAB = 0
PERO: AX = 6 KN
FAE(Y) = sen FAE
FAE(Y ) =
3
FAE
2
FAE(Y )
FAE(X) + FAB = AX
FAE =
FAE(X) + FAB = 6
PERO: FAE (Y) = 4 Kn
1
FAE + FAB = 6 (ECUACION 1)
2
FAE (Y) = AY
FAE =
2
3
2
3
(4) = 4,618
kN
FAE = 4,618 KN (tensin)
FAE (Y) = 4 kN
1
FAE + FAB = 6 (ECUACION 1)
2
PERO: FAE = 4,618 KN
85
FAB = 6 -
1
FAE
2
1
FAB = 6 - (4,618) = 6 - 2,309 = 3,691 kN
2
FAB = 3,691 KN (tensin)
BX = 6 kN
NUDO C
AY
6 kN
FCB
FCD
FAB
FAE
FAB
FBD
FCD
FED
4m
FCB
CY
FBD
FBE
FED
PERO:
CY = 10 kN
FCB
FBE
4m F
AE
6 kN
4m
CY
FY = 0
CY 6 - FCD (Y) = 0
FCD
FCD(Y )
FCD
FCD (Y) = FCD sen 60
FCD(Y )
4
FCD =
=
= 4,618 kN
sen 60 0,866
10 6 - FCD (Y) = 0
sen 60 =
4 - FCD (Y) = 0
FCD (Y) = 4 KN
6 kN
FCB
FX = 0
FCB - FCD(X) = 0
4m
AX
BY =8 kN
10 kN
600
CY = 10 KN
FCD (Y)
FCD
FCB = FCD(X)
FCB = 2,309 kN (compresin)
FCD = 4,618 KN (tensin)
FCD (X)
cos 60 =
FCD(x )
FCD
FCD (X) = FCD cos 60

PERO:
FCD (X) = 4,618 (0,5) = 2,309 kN
86
NUDO B
FX = 0
6 - FAB - FCB + FBE(X) FBD(X) = 0

PERO:
FAB = 3,691 KN
FCB = 2,309 kN
BX = 6 kN
6 - 3,691 - 2,309 + FBE(X) FBD(X) = 0
BY = 8 kN
FAB
FBE(X) FBD(X) = 0
BX = 6 kN
BY =8 kN
10 kN
FAB
FCB
FCB
600
600
FBE cos 60 - FBD cos 60 = 0
FBD
FBE
FBE (Y)
FBE(Y )
sen 60 =
FBE
FBE(Y) = FBE sen 60
0,5 FBE 0,5 FBD = 0 (ECUACION 1)

FY = 0
FBE (Y) + FBD (Y) - 8 = 0
FBE (Y) + FBD (Y) = 8
FBE (X)
0,866 FBE + 0,866 FBD = 8 (ECUACION 2)
FBD
FBD (Y)
FBD (X)
FBD(Y )
FBD
FBD(Y) = FBD sen 60
sen 60 =
FBE(x )
FBE
FBE(X) = FBE cos 60
cos 60 =
FBE sen 60 + FBD sen 60 = 8
FBE
FBD(x )
FBD
FBD(X) = FBD cos 60
cos 60 =
Resolver las ecuaciones 1 y 2
0,5 FBE 0,5 FBD = 0 (0,866)

0,866 FBE + 0,866 FBD = 8 (0,5)
BX = 6 kN
0,433 FBE 0,433 FBD = 0

0,433 FBE + 0,433 FBD = 4
0,866 FBE = 4
4
FBE =
4,618 KN
0,866
FBE = 4,618 kN (compresion)
NUDO E
AY
10 kN
A
AX
FAB
FAE
FAB
4m
FBD
FCB
FCD
CY
FBD
FBE
FED
6 kN
FCB
FBE
4m F
AE
FED
4m
FBE
FAE
BY =8 kN
FED
4m
FCD
87
FAE
FAE (Y)
600
FAE (X)
FBE
FAE(Y )
FAE
FAE(Y) = FAE sen 60
FBE(Y )
FBE
FBE(Y) = FBE sen 60
cos 60 =
cos 60 =
sen 60 =
FED
FBE (Y)
600
FBE (X)
FX = 0
FAE(x )
FAE
FAE(X) = FAE cos 60
sen 60 =
FBE(x )
FBE
FBE(X) = FBE cos 60
FED - FAE (X) FBE (X) = 0

FED - FAE cos 60 FBE cos 60 = 0
PERO:
FBE = 4,618 kN
FAE = 4,618 KN
FED = FAE cos 60 + FBE cos 60
FED = 4,618 (0,5) + 4,618 (0,5)
FED = 2,309 + 2,309 = 4,618 KN (Tension)
FED = 4,618 KN (Tension)
CY = 10 KN AY = 4 kN AX = 6 KN
FAE = 4,618 KN (tensin)
FAB = 3,691 KN (tensin)
FCB = 2,309 kN (compresion)

FBE = 4,618 kN (compresion)
FED = 4,618 KN (Tension)
Problema 4.7 Esttica Meriam edicin tres; Problema 4.12 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco
Calcular las fuerzas en los miembros CG y CF de la armadura representada
ME = 0
4 (2 + 2 + 2) + 2 (2 + 2) DX (3) = 0
4 (6) + 2 (4) DX (3) = 0
FX = 0
DX EX = 0
EX = DX
EX =10,666 KN
24 + 8 3 DX = 0
32 3 DX = 0
88
3 DX = 32
DX =
32
= 10,666 KN
3
2 KN
2m
2m
DX = 10,666 KN
FAB
FAB
NUDO A
B FBC FBC C FCD
FAB
FAB
A
FAG
FAG
6
6,7
FBG
FAG
3
FAG
4 KN
4 KN
4 KN
FGC
FCD D
Dx
FCF
FCF
FGC
G
DY
2m
3m
FGF
FGF
FAB FAG 4
=
=
6
3
6,7
Hallar FAB
FAB 4
=
3
6
(
4) 6
FAB =
= 8 KN
3
FAB = 8 KN (tensin)
Ex
Hallar FAG
FAB FAG 4
=
=
6
3
6,7
FAG 4
=
3
6,7
(6,7 ) 4 = 8,94 KN
FAG =
3
CY
FAG = 8,94 KN (compresion)
NUDO B
2 KN
2 KN
2m
2m
FAB
FBC
FAB
FAB
2m
B FBC FBC C
FBG
D
Dx
FBG
FAG
4 KN
DY
FAG
3m
G
F
FX = 0
FY = 0
FBG - 2 = 0
CY
FBC - FAB = 0
Ex
FBC = FAB
FBG = 2 KN (compresin)
PERO: FAB = 8 KN (tensin)
FBC = 8 KN (tensin)
89
NUDO G
2 KN
2m
2m
FBG
FGC
FAB
FAB
2m
B FBC FBC C
A
FAG
G
4 KN
FGF
FAG
FGC
FGC
G
D
Dx
FBG
FAG
DY
3m
FGF
FGF
3
tg = = 0,5
6
F
E
= arc tg (0,5)
= 26,56
FAG(X)
FGC(Y)
FGF(Y )
sen 26,56 =
FGF
FAG(Y)
FGC(Y )
FGC
26.56
26.560
26.56
FGF
FBG
FGF(Y)
FGF(X)
FGC(Y) = FGC sen 26,56
sen 26,56 =
CY
FGC
FAG
FGF(Y) = FGF sen 26,56
sen 26,56 =
Ex
FGC(X)
FAG(Y )
FAG
FAG(Y) = FAG sen 26,56

FX = 0
FGF (X)
FGC(X )
FGC
= FGC cos 26,56
cos 26,56 =
FGC (X)
FGC (X) + FAG (X) - FGF (X) = 0

PERO:
FGC (X) = FGC cos 26,56
FGF (X) = FGF cos 26,56
FGF(X )
FGF
= FGF cos 26,56
cos 26,56 =
FAG(X )
FAG
= FAG cos 26,56
cos 26,56 =
FAG (X)
FAG (X) = FAG cos 26,56

FAG (X) = FAG cos 26,56
FAG (X) = (8,94) cos 26,56
FGC (X) + FAG (X) - FGF (X) = 0
FGC cos 26,56 + (8,94) cos 26,56 - FGF cos 26,56 = 0
90
FGC + 8,94 - FGF = 0

FGC - FGF = - 8,94 (Ecuacin 1)
FY = 0
FGC - FGF = - 8,94 (-0,4471)

0,4471 FGC + 0,4471 FGF = 6
FGC (Y) + FGF (Y) - FAG (Y) - FBG = 0
-0,4471 FGC + 0,4471 FGF = 4

0,4471 FGC + 0,4471 FGF = 6
PERO:
FGC(Y) = FGC sen 26,56
FGF(Y) = FGF sen 26,56
FBG = 2 KN (compresin)
0,4471 FGF + 0,4471 FGF = 4 + 6
FAG(Y) = FAG sen 26,56

FAG (Y) = (8,94) sen 26,56
FAG (Y) = (8,94) (0,4471)
FAG (Y) = 4 KN
0,8942 FGF = 10
FGF =
10
= 11,18 KN
0,8942
FGF = 11,18 KN (compresion)
FGC (Y) + FGF (Y)

FGC (Y) + FGF (Y)
FGC (Y) + FGF (Y)
FGC (Y) + FGF (Y)
Reemplazar la ecuacin 1
FGC - FGF = - 8,94 (Ecuacin 1)
0,4471 FGC + 0,4471 FGF = 6

(Ecuacin 2)
Pero: FGF = 11,18 KN

FGC 11,18 = - 8,94
FCD
FBC
FGC = 11,18 - 8,94
26.560
FGC(Y)
FGC
FGC = 2,24 KN (tensin)

FGC(X)
NUDO C
FBC
FCF
FCD
2 KN
2m
2m
FAB
FCF
FGC(X )
FGC
= FGC cos 26,56
= (2,24) cos 26,56
= (2,24) 0,8944
cos 26,56 =
FGC (X)
FGC (X)
FGC (X)
FAB
2m
B FBC FBC C FCD
FGC
PERO:
FBC = 8 KN
FGC = 2,24 KN
- FAG (Y) - FBG = 0

-4 -2=0
-6=0
=6
FBG
FAG
4 KN
FAG
FGC
FCD D
Dx
FCF
FCF
FGC
DY
3m
FGF
FGF
F
E
Ex
CY
91
FGC (X) = 2 KN
sen 26,56 =
FX = 0
FCD - FBC - FGC (X) = 0
FGC (Y)
FGC (Y)
FGC (Y)
FGC (Y)
PERO:
FBC = 8 KN
FGC (X) = 2 KN
FGC(Y )
FGC
FY = 0
= FGC sen 26,56

= (2,24) sen 26,56
= (2,24) 0,4471
= 1 KN
FCF - FGC (Y) = 0

FCF = FGC (Y)
PERO:
FGC (Y) = 1 KN
FCD - FBC - FGC (X) = 0

FCD - 8 - 2 = 0
FCD - 10 = 0
FCD = 10 kN (tensin)
FCF = 1 KN (compresin)
Determinar la fuerza que soporta el elemento KN de la armadura.

1m
0,7 m
0,7 m
0,7 m
0,7 m
700 N
700 N
1200 N
0,5 m
0,5 m
C
D
700 N
2,5 m
92
NUDO Q
1200 N
FQN
0,7 m
0,7 m
K
FX = 0
Q
FQN
FQP
FQN
1200 N
FQP
0,5 m
FQP
1200 - FQN = 0
700 N
700 N
0,5 m
FQN = 1200 N (tension)

FY = 0
FQP = 0
700 N
NUDO O
0,7 m
0,7 m
FOP
Q
FQN
FQN
0,5 m
FX = 0
FOL
M
700 N
P
FOP
0,5 m
FOP
FY = 0
L
FOP - 700 = 0
FOP = 700
FQP
FQP
=0
FOL = 0
1200 N
N (tensin)
FOL
FOL
700 N
700 N
700 N
NUDO P
0,7 m
0,7 m
FPN(X)
FQP
0,5
sen =
= 0,581
0,86
cos =
cos =
0,7
= 0,813
0,86
FPL
FPN
0,5 m
FPL(X)
= 700 N
I
700 N
FOL
700 N
FOP
FOP
FPL
FOP
FQP
FPL
0,5 m
0,5
0,7
1200 N
FQP
FPN
0,86
FPL(Y)
=0
FPN
0,7
Q
FQN
0,86
FPN(Y) 0,5
N FQN
FOL
700 N
FPN(X )
= 0,813
FPN
93
FPN(X) = 0,813 FPN
FPN(Y )
= 0,581
FPN
= 0,581 FPN
sen =
FPN(Y)
FX = 0
FPL(X) - FPN(X) = 0
FPL(X )
= 0,813
FPL
= 0,813 FPL
cos =
FPL(X)
FPL(Y )
= 0,581
FPL
= 0,581 FPL
sen =
0,813 FPL - 0,813 FPN = 0

cancelando trminos semejantes
FPL(Y)
FPL - FPN = 0 (ECUACION 1)
FY = 0
FQP + FPN(Y) + FPL(Y) - FOP = 0
PERO:
FQP = 0 KN
FOP = 700 KN
FPN(Y) - FPL(Y) - 700 = 0
FPN(Y) - FPL(Y) = 700
0,581 FPN + 0,581 FPL = 700 (ECUACION 2)
FPL - FPN = 0 (ECUACION 1)
0,581 FPN + 0,581 FPL = 700 (ECUACION 2)
FPL - FPN = 0 (0,581)
0,581 FPN + 0,581 FPL = 700
0,581 FPL 0,581 FPN = 0
0,581 FPN + 0,581 FPL = 700
(2) 0,581 FPL = 700
1,162 FPL = 700
FPL =
700
= 602,4 N
1,162
94
FPL = 602,4 N (compresin)

FPL = FPN (ECUACION 1)
FPN = 602,4 N (tensin)
0,7 m
0,7 m
NUDO N
Pero: FPN = 602,4 N (tensin)
FNK
FNK
N FQN
0,5
sen =
= 0,581
0,86
FNM
cos =
FPN(X)
FPN(X) = 0,813 (602,4)

FPN(X) = 489,75 N
sen =
FPN (Y )
= 0,581
FPN
FPN(X)
700 N
FOL
700 N
FOP
FOP
FPL
FQP
FPL
1200 N
FQP
FPN
0,5 m
0,7
cos =
= 0,813
0,86
FPN (X )
= 0,813
FPN
= 0,813 FPN
FPN FQN
FNM
0,5 m
FOL
700 N
0,86
FPN(Y) 0,5
FPN
0,7
FQN
= 1200 N
FNK
FY = 0
FNM
FPN(Y) = 0,581 FPN

FPN(Y) = 0,581 (602,4)
FNM - FPN(Y) = 0
PERO:
FPN(Y) = 350 N
FPN(Y) = 350 N
FNM = FPN(Y)
FX = 0
FQN + FPN(X) FNK = 0
FNM = 350 N (compresin)
Pero:
FQN = 1200 N
FPN(X) = 489,75 N
FQN = 1200 N (tensin)
FQP = 0
FQN + FPN(X) FNK = 0
FOP = 700
FOL = 0
1200 + 489,75 - FNK = 0
FPL = 602,4 N (compresin)
1689,75 - FNK = 0
FNK = 1689,75 N (tensin) FNM = 350 N (compresin)
N (tensin)
FPN = 602,4 N (tensin)
FNK = 1689,75 N (tensin)
95

Problemas Resueltos Analisis Estructuras Metodo Nudos Libre

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PROBLEMAS RESUELTOS DE

ANALISIS DE ESTRUCTURAS POR EL METODO DE LOS NUDOS

Problema resuelto Pg. 246 Esttica BEDFORD

Erving Quintero Gil

Para cualquier inquietud o consulta escribir a:

Fig. 6. 6(a) Armadura WARREN soportando dos cargas

Fig. 6. 6(b) Diagrama de cuerpo libre de la armadura

- 400 - 800 (3) + EY (4) = 0

- AY (4) + 400 (3) + 800 = 0

Figura 6.7(a) Obtencin del diagrama de cuerpo libre de la junta A.

Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta A son:

TAB = 577,35 Newton

TAC = 288,67 Newton (Tension)

TAB = 577,35 Newton(compresin)

TBC TBC (Y)

Figura 6.8(a) Obtencin del diagrama de cuerpo libre de la junta B.

TAB (Y) = TAB sen 60

Para abreviar los clculos

TAB = 577,35 Newton

TBC (Y) = TBC sen 60

TBC (X) = TBC cos 60

TAB (X) = TAB cos 60

TAB (Y) = 500 N

TAB = 577,35 Newton

TAB (X) = 288,67 N

100 = TBC (Y)

- 400 + TAB (Y) - TBC (Y) = 0

100 = TBC (Y)

Se halla TBC (X)

TAB (X) = 288,67 N

TBC (X) = 57,73 Newton

TDC (Y) = TDC sen 60

Para abreviar los clculos

TDC (X) = TDC cos 60

TDE (Y) = TDE sen 60

TDE (X) = TDE cos 60

- TDE (X) + TDC (X) = 0

TDE (X) - TDC (X) = 346,4 ecuacin 1

- 800 + TDE (Y) + TDC (Y) = 0

2 TDC = 800 ecuacin 4

resolver ecuacin 3 y ecuacin 4

2 TDE = 600 + 800 = 1400

TDE = 808,29 Newton (compresin)

2 TDC = 800 ecuacin 4

2 TDC = 800 - 700 = 100

Problema 6.1 ESTATICA BEDFORD edic 4

Problema 6.2 ESTATICA BEDFORD edic 4

FCA = 13,33 kN (compresin)

FCB = 16,66 kN (Tensin)

Problema 6.4 ESTATICA BEDFORD edic 5

FDC (X) = FDC cos 60

Para abreviar los clculos

FDC (Y) = FDC sen 60

FDC = 1,154 F (Compresion)

- FBD + FDC (X) = 0

FBD = FDC (X)

FBD = (1,154 F) cos 60

FBA (Y) = TBA sen 60

FBA (X) = FBA cos 60

FBC (Y) = TBC sen 60

FBC (X) = FBC cos 60

FBD - FBC (X) - FBA (X) = 0

FBD - FBC(X ) - FBA (X ) = 0

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