oné& cc SP NE Fl Poy Dean ucts stnverune waupieds oS MOH DEIN SHES WORD CHOICE & EXACTNESS DICTION DENOTATION/CONNOTATION SE WORDS DENOEMHION REFERS TO 17S CONCRETE. DICTIONARY MEANING. oA "WOR'S CONNOTATION REFERS ro Sear rr SUGGESTS. OR IMPLIES. Fred auras chown tt ae ee sea se-iae ec cae) +USE “SYNONYMS CAREFULLY TO woID ‘CONNOTATION MISTAKES. positi Note tated int heir CMYK compos (Kodience swareness crucial hea chosing {echnical langeage. Definitions and. examples Imus be included for nowtechaleal readers) “IRRGONTS TECHNICA. LANGUAGE used ‘without adequate explanations and directed ove a wontechnical audience in order impress them. Soret understand orchid clare, one mst ‘be famiiar with epipltc saprophytic apd eres st oems, (The writer should define “epiphyte” “sapro- phytic” and “terrestriak") BIASED LANGUAGE “AVOID SEXIST LANGUAGE. 'NOT Emily Dickinson ane of the most impor- taht female poets of the 13th centr RUT. Emily Dickinson sone ofthe moet por USAGE NONSTANDARD LANGUAGE SLANG IS UNCONVENTIONAL language ‘nay fe mast college-level writing. NOP. tan tos tot ot when he bone om the BUT Evan ws angry when he fled he exam (se quotation marks for slang in formal crys sCOLLOQUIAL LANGUAGE 1S character- ized by words and phruses common to spo- ea, informal English and. characterizes Smmatire wit, NOT aint moving no time soon BUT am not mowing unytine soe NOT Fd gt wy pres ight al the gime. BUT {do ot understand why parents fight all ‘Fino lame fat her ew dy ae shinee he ‘elon (Cote pes ee cts eure J nor Sema mcm, A erase ares aT Se ae Or MetiewcndanSazrpectin | MMRINSMUIMOEEASING SKE Ge ASS +AVOID USING THE GENERIC “HE” TO REFER TO BOTH SEXES. 'NOT A goad stent always begins his smdying 2 few days fine amar exam, [BUT A good siden ahaa begins Ns or her sculing ew diye helo 4 major exam QRS gundatadent hap ein stn ‘Good students avays bern stayin +N01D USING THE GENERIC. oMAN™ ‘alone or as part of another word ta refer to bth sexes NOT The mew compurcr desk is constructed of sma mademstras BUT The now computer desk x constructed of synthetic tr NOT Man or mankind) has made ret leaps in computer technology over the past (0 BUT Great leaps in computer technology have ‘been made ner the ast 10 seas ‘AVOID OCCUPATIONAL STEREOTYPES. NOT A good scertary knows her sy arvond ‘omples spur stems BUT A good secretary can master complex computer stem NOT Arespected tneyer wil defend his ten on the nghest ctbal grounds SUT Respected lawyers defend clea 09 the highest ethical grounds ve * wim “ay, PE inog oeyezons Re Cl Thc td oath tt Seeoeeee somes ‘nt fam th boas nesta, 3 Seeman eee Soe Sep asemeee [ee Se Se Sea ee Sanco “AID MnxeD METAPHORS. wiicHt Com. SINE TWO OF MOMs INCOSiPATIBUE COM PARISONS. NOT Hie ren ane he ta ba tn BUT Hisematngy mors the hy. ont st ot ike tau . “REGIONAL LANGUAGE 18 language spe- cific toa geographic area of the coamtry. ‘Wee fining to go tos mone. {The phrase “ising 19" Southera repo alsin at means "geting ready” oF “prepa img”? *PRETENTIOUS LANGUAGE is used ia ‘order appear profound. NOT The Pater cogently recogince the ier at shot vteprty of aly dose ot ews wit BUT My fer Belews hit realing 2 news pe isan edacation in sll *DOUBLESPEAK — FROM GEORGE ‘ORWELL 1954 ~ REFERS TO EVASIVE, vn te [LFght 745 made uncontole! ters! contact ‘he sentence should read: Flight 743 crashed) 2"The military spokespersn reported tht several pescehoepers had been inated apuiae the (The sentence should read: The military spokesperson reparted that several bombs ha bbeen dropped onthe ener) “ELPHEMIISMS ARE WORDS and phrases ‘that substitute for words that are thought 0 ‘be harsh or coarse. coarse ou |LWe toil he eiten that Aun Mildred had gone fF yoy ome mune |” Mf RECOM stALE THROUGH OVERISE. a her reward (she fs dead) eae nes NOt Tine cn caapensene 2: Algo hor as taken say 9 9 eoeretinat eputable char ‘Thence ars AN Ioi0wt 1S < COMMON PHRASE dnt nasa ‘heed meaning Independent of each wor wpa ew efits [Mei cat gre wit oh Shes Sa en tat 5 dcnmt ape tsa ‘Athaag th oe pase! bop with “gree” the Soo TS 2uT tnt gin por posed te re ae BUT _Dictors an thei spmuses donate hey to reputable chars [NOT Trot tthe chain of te commit [BUT 1 ret the chalepernow of he commer *REARRANGE SENTENCES TO REMOVE. ‘SINGULAR PRONOUNS. NOT A welbhehaved child wif no fame hee ‘oy on the Moe BUT Wal-behaed cien wil ot leave their toys on the oor (OR Weibehivad children wil ot leawe toys se the oor (tose pronouns can be changed to. plural orn) facility. a) 5. Carly thought she cold ave mney By p= ‘Shi «pre-owned car. (0d) TECHNICAL LANGUAGE “TECHNICAL LANGUAGE REFERS TO. ‘the woeabulary specific to a profession oF frsde ane ch familar hoe Fed ig {fhe otter nerds the deat DIP etings, te tchnicie mnt inkite = See progam soguenes 2. Daring yre-pres inetd col seams ae see er in‘CONCISENESS + MAKE EVERY WORD COUNT. NOT Sonal stor ted on the ado for *UNITY REFERS TO ORGANIZATIONAL (PATTERNS WITHIN PARAGRAPHS. the rl of Sn “There fe been any fils about the hgh choo! BUT Scerl acer sutioned for she ele of MF cxpersnce, Mos cae ace, however that Goan NOT ar ned end uid te enckd woe came ff LC (073 fn. ner Oui cabled te aver tera ke er with o| zeme_ Ths agrement oot surpsing- th fin’ A AFRECTIRFFECT: esis wb tat meane Sougee apperics f penod recanaracion ee of the popular roel! of the ea. und ie narrative pit of view combine ino 8 feling poral ofthe ci aerstves avilable to teenager 1982. More ‘event: Anny Heckertng and Wchard Linklater have ‘irc thrown sersons ofthe igh school reo ‘Hechergy FFs of Riemer igh FosSy and Linklater’ Dazed and Coed (193, bie tt in 1926) present conflicting images of the ‘Nmeian igh scot staat the aly Seas of he ‘Set quer of the 20h cen (tah cence eae othe her semen 2 fgoh semtence conaibe Be same grammatical el *BALANCE REFERS | TO SENTENCE STRUCTURE WITHIN PARAGRAPHS. th 190, dig he Great Expo fn Pati: Henry ‘Ad nance a th hall of dyemnos ed sod ‘Saad etre 2 Tow he know noel reshape he ‘orld Th simples of akmeedgment pred {Eck poweral chor at Adare wu be Raed tor Rr death eh the prado of “The Dyer and the Vigin" Abheugh Adam cou speresat the {enone of tv neces to comer amo 1c cul ala cinison anger nuhin ie yar ie "eto teen oe began 0 pea 0 he ‘d finc tugh he tat expreate of an Beers Soc ol we Gon tee ee ‘come he new ein of the 20 century “tial aes |The site varies secence length t bold er reaers tenon 2 The adoon of 9 uottion om the sure tex i egy othe nay. 4 Thetant semence amp sentence. al force and energy to the lng, comple serene hat corte {Ee the boy ofthe prsgraph 4.By not mentioning tbe dyeamo by name wnt he ‘ad ofthe soca seen the none estes increases the enon witin the paragraph ‘The conladngsemunce nc a hock the ow religion that wll rw he rend inn te cn “COHESION REFERS TO” PARAGRAPH DEVELOPMENT WITHIN THE ESSAY. Tor Ads, the Win sagged bth the ite power ot uc aya ocean heretic otis of the ign ho se weed pret of 2 alibi homer ewe, What would happen is ‘acred sym of iy: power aa urna were ‘lined by the dynam? Marys her dal fe OF ‘Soman and wpe outer of Jeu became’ fi {Sctecen humanity and a spinal wives of perfec: So and “Lindnss ‘the scan preraph contin he thems etb- lsed nes pug and Beis he deve ‘pment ofthe uae of cegion sss the yam ‘athe vpn gti 2 Stbeqoenr paragrpis ill continue shi same il devlong pen pics. = (RALLELISM REFERS TO SPECIFIC WRITING STRATEGIES THAT EMPHA- SIZE THROUGH REPETITION. mera out stan ptt roses ite carl deveopct mnt a dsb ‘Ssermine is Toure fe connor allow volence 19 ‘etn fre. And shud a allow spa ners grap termine are Ite the poral sentences wack tgcthes beiase they bul oa 4 comma opiespchlons, ia ‘American sity" ad ice Si praeraiat = = 2.The oer ye of the seletion stems foo ‘es progression within the snioce esac nerse paraiso pres a di fince sstintie effect, but it cam tho clutter rig) {Gy employing am ccoour 9f wor the writer ‘aves the meaning ofeach sentence) sHEMOUE. UNNECESSARY EXPLETIVE ‘CONSTRUCTIONS. “Camexpetive ster” o it allowed by a orat atthe eth “tobe tepetive costrscronyneske ‘a the sentence by placing the subject in» oubor- ‘inate potion) NOT There weve tee ships that scompunie Cheaper Combos on bis it sya 92. BUT Tiree, ships accompanied Christopher Combs om hs fire vonage in 192 (Sometimes, an expletive s necessary to make Scatence meaning “its raining”) PRACTICE. SENTENCE COMBINING TO. EXCISE UNNECESSARY WORDS. NOT The sea was Blue spa out 1 the ‘hin tal dccons. The surace was sy a tl ut The begray soa gas and stil, spend tin the beam nal sce (the second sentence short suecect, and reads ‘sith definite rhehon that Backing i the rst eof simple semtences) “REPEAT WORDS OW PHRASES CAREFUL- 1S FoR CLARITY AND EMPHASIS. INOT "Jobe Know tat Mark waded tha de ‘mene betwen Sah an Mack. at no ‘fact wanes ‘ut Joon knw Mark undesod tht thi ang ‘ment wae ot hat Jon oka mast be repented once fer cart) +USE "COMMAS AND" PRONOUNS TO REDUCE UNNECESSARY WORDS. [EKpowadge & the go fr some students, care ‘cess er thar a all pte for athe (Bs remoring Is he goal” front each phrase and “ing commie the rier saccetaly seam: Fines the sentence) My fathers succes is amazing. te came foes (ve fay and a wo ork oy teh te Ise an lam schon Siro means “prev He had awa Pg ‘om the send wiv ane ALLUSIONILLUSION Aa oltecon ta rterence Tie ther ethene beades me BETWEEN YOU AND I lmorest oem uf ns BRINGZEAKCE Use bring cary something fam 8 fart place to amet lace: Use tae Yo cy cONTINEATICONTINCOL ‘ake se DISINTERESTED(UNINTERESTED esate mean oi Cenerand EXPLICEVIMPLICET fp meas-W xpos iret" eans expr ae oF PARTHTERUEURTHER hover ctl le reserved tikes ti ar Prete the FORMER/LATTER, firmer riers w the Ft ame of to thing Later res he ast nares ‘ro things GOES mont niente ube oa ssh ad oot pes. Me geting mad GOODELL Cl 2 on Son ate fll sve ari gad donor Se awe ele MOPEFULLY mesos “with hope ier 558 noe ‘sa mee tape ioceeet 1 EBulLB eas CARE LESS ts to nel INEPERTINPER sap ca “wget” ner ane nel” He impli nce ton fa REGARDLESS ces ft eee UIEILAY te memo nine Lar ce pce sonctng” Many ws cindy ak Scorch Turse hep es svi hd fl meri ane oe MIGHT OF/MUST OF tecres em ot mint mani ner LUSETOSUPPOSE TO Nomtnlnd Grn med and sappedDISCOVERING A TOPIC “ATOPIC IS A SPECIFIC REFINING OF 4 SUB- eer Sides Are mach wo bay ‘Tope impressum ta ba) apis Cla Mone (il too bed) Mowers arand hs prden (weal CERTAIN QUESTIONS. CAN HELP. WRITER NARROW ASUBIECT DOWNTO A SUFFICIENT EY NARROW TORC [iehtron meres i weting abou? 2'Dy have spot know cae 2 particular ae? SWhardo want aur tout? {Now ach tame hae “THE KEY TO SUCCESSFULLY NARROWING 4 TOPIC LIES EN MOVING FROM GENERALIFIES. TOSPECIEIC INFORMATION. ‘Xcess might waht deal wih a specie group of ings nome tha hao thee an aang ‘tomers arte spies was thienced by” he ‘Spgrosch he ndasape anand ic me a here ESTABLISHING PURPOSE PURPOSE CAN BE DIVIDED INTO FOUR CATEGORIES SNARRATION-A narrative essay fll story iy rvatng a sequence af evens Taxes nna eens ht hd Mari Lasher iO pnt he BS ths om the doo af he case ‘heh at Wis on Ober 31,117. 2g esp rating eves th fe the sock harkt crash 139. HESCRIPTION-A deserve esay focuses om ‘an cep ec of = ang Be {ifecaap sci Cat Ec iy pond nt Awe ganesh Dame GN. 2.A desctipve essay looking a the arhiecorl Spice in St Aggntine Fonda SEXPLANATION-An explanatory essay (an ‘xposiom) expla. analy, ue interprets an Xm exposition te fees ofthe Consrative ‘Right te epubican pars 2.AN umiyss of verona AIDS fling ner te pat a +n Exuy terpreting spect «national pi ‘SarSrnenton phot specie were ‘intonation sARCUMENTATION-An argumentative essay sempre fo persuade readers to take some eto fe camince them af the writer’ position, Asay eign to ce cites he danger ‘fun cine ander hemo sar nao ‘etch prog 2 Rnceuy eg acuerdo that expt inbred noe serve socal {leis permis, even desirable, to ince ele ‘meats af mace thaw ate parpone categors i cnah_ts ng 30 there ht dominant par ose guiding the esa) fou tine ae ‘Solos fear eel sep pn ching ‘Storonment. No-one ‘il me te fra and he ‘tetercan el frst record heaghts debs ‘hat of ead oa eve ramones ial ‘Mons. platcd i pd wth sora artes of andy ‘aries sn sanded po athe ‘i i and anaes -bernttion ‘onda pst sie oration! ‘nyse eee tht rns op sl ach ‘Spore shoe and ime, es wots mh. 0 ap ‘met tebe mat. sANMLOGY ‘Sore tc docs wo pot hi 9 these mae fe the Cahaie chars, ammount Stans Brom -EOhingnasoy ap conrRAsT ‘Situ ac gus Fs nd Wig ‘Vegas npr clean chan cen aspera echt hw vay eo coal baa -Gise bere? Stay hisortne ic she Grek Deptesion ofthe ‘fan isl samp peda the cash hy at as our ‘Ofte eany ache pt is OS, ee specie te een Oa ake: my, Co, or eo ss ANALYSIS any» eben ie fine spe tne thn comple wil tae Sena ‘Sceoeren Or “Soa rr ncrparate cement f wore than se desopset stay sale 3 fhe Soe ie, ‘Stn »domines parser seetopment BLISHING A PATTERN: JAN ESSAY CAN BE DIVIDED INTO} THREE, DISTINCT PARTS THE INTRODUCTION-Oae or twa paragraphs that introduce the topic to the reader. ‘Tae sitalctiow inl the Hee emen. i le sentence that ato topic and an opinion about the tops THE BODY-Severa paragraphs that present the| ‘evidence in an orderly manner net paragraph the body organizes around vp Secuore that els Yo ie hes tees DEVELOPING A THESIS AN EFFECTIVE THESIS STATEMENT PRE- ‘SENES A TOPIC OF DISCUSSION SND_AN| OPINION ABOUT THAT TOPIC. 1 Fm abe American gh sche ae ners {Cs thes Statement Tacks ‘deta {ie sera ‘a mh wo ‘road and ee aplton they ate ineaing a Authority and seem) 2Michand Unkiner® Dace wd Conse ad Anny skeen present concn eas the Aerio shoo een (The recived thesis statement emplass precise ‘deta concrete language designed fo etc he aoa FSFE pact on rewrose snout Serr canes ne ae ne wet PEST on cet fr rst toe Teipiseences elie Festa sf po ear te et Sheet erage aS ae is fa the bay ofthe cx IFIVE-PARAGRAPH ESSAY JsINTRODUCTION-One paragraph f length, moving few general sentences oa specifi thes Statement a the lal sentence. -BODY—Three paragraphs in fength, with the emphasis on specific peces of evidence that sup pore the thesia. -CONCLUSION-One paragraph moving fom 2 ‘specie restatement ofthe thes statement {Egenera statement of nally. ‘Ths cle we ft wed Scheme i sng cour oir the exoy hi however Structuray limited for ngs topics or recarch papers and shld mt serve a9 toed fe ll cs ferme waiting Umstead he Begining weer shoul tines eesti clmgres a ce thst and oe Soppors-as.a bass for more compen esas FormalsCries ‘COMPOSING AN ESSAY ety “EXPERIENCED WRITERS begin thelr fst draft ster gathering and orang slfcent ait fee the easy. GSS thi tea es rr cae “horavahy fame th hr some. 2 Rent seed fim reviews. 5. Braswell ‘Team tee techiacs to gence masa ach ‘ling a sscssamg the fins wah oa D6 NOT ASSUME THT th et deat wil be the ese cee oe i te ca. rs -COMPUTER-GENERATED ESOS aa ar te cme ras he oy Soe pes npn oh ‘Sra seh Chas wh pur here we Thc pesps spt word n Se ne pope 2 Oretachi Sepa trance hs anes ca anay ences ws hn US ecu eta expe Side se hat fg ora Sclipo git ees the ee ‘WHEN THE FIRST DRAFT & fished, lve the ater tne fr tert pring tte bere ‘cond drat (Te tat da docs oor ile any porcobronee ‘imag wa aol cus msg toe ‘is they ol semforae aa Mone er Ist he body of te essay Beto thy approach the ‘nnn oe cctoson 2D Sinisa por IRE Ihe me see tne rang Me (Sy ia the prac poco REVISION TECHNIQUES iy ntti is ps Tontpege ofthe cmp at app ‘Shs oom Shown be {Sed rng pore ‘Sica ca ie dementia {ate ema the write wisest show owe here isa Seme of eon prot Fst amt Coa _iete ted cma sat ‘Tato the urdring thome-cxabihs that te fe meme peso coming igs Ae a Arete age Pomp an a ey a? B "coda on peciic chem the nme pone wena fog. te take sapngh te dar Inga the wit pn snp th sy ‘Sarre ween -t.he te praia etc” ‘ahd trl rh pan were ome [pear By separating the ie se seat Forni cat ta decusofe pcag| Skecon shih works wal we the oral lo S Tethe purpose cry acompted? The comin effet f support conte eam ples Sada sng patrn of devel Eiencoee eolemereroee hese ‘hs anak kerk nee Siac ore ak thot the bw Fe Oren SETS tl ng co pet Gon rma “Wht we sont ax Ear pet ce sonar ste Gener “Stance gh anaes exe spe See eat eae Seb span fers Pot ea {i Tne ss ras ac Rour ec et selina jot oe opeklincs Sn sel cbe ‘Seatocw ome av abo the alice fesse the Scape eat wie ay aceon ‘oan ws ft me eof mh ng iin tun bee hs no ps a 2 ti cee way afte one mt Resa erm Mand end Ht as se gh Seno at SN LARGER ELEMENTS of an enay Rave ‘ben abn taller sleet cub (Be he somone werk wel? fe hee 9 Rance | ‘top ant comic tenes 2 reheat eats Between sgvenees ad mocap Ist gue appr ac thaw exces or aan as that a he ‘med om the sy? ‘hunny ess ana sabe on hs ce of ‘See Quel a re te erm dC | ‘Sedo thirst ner tan hemes eS Rhein Ganda or "ie i an in Fit Ties (hola ects ney uel pne hoe sec ‘sey Fn i eer gt ema ‘Sigua beer cee tome We nr a ig Sor cians de win ceo frpe downloads 8 quickstudy.com Tseu-33: 378-as72ees27-s isan 4a: isvesese 0 in rersrzbeesers