QCVN 73 - Keo Bien

CNG HO X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM
QCVN 73 : 2014/BGTVT
QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA

V HOT NG KO TRN BIN
National Technical Regulation on Towage at Sea
H NI 2014
Li ni u
Quy chun k thut quc gia v Hot ng ko trn bin QCVN 73 : 2014/BGTVT do
Cc ng kim Vit Nam bin son, B Khoa hc v Cng ngh thm nh, B trng
B Giao thng Vn ti ban hnh theo Thng t s 24/2014/TT-BGTVT ngy 30 thng
06 nm 2014.

V HOT NG KO TRN BIN
National Technical Regulation
on Towage at Sea
MC LC
I. QUY NH CHUNG
Trang
1.1
Quy nh chung ....................................................................................................... 9
1.2
Ti liu vin dn ..................................................................................................... 10
1.3
Gii thch t ng .................................................................................................... 10
II. QUY NH K THUT

Chng 1
Quy nh chung ............................................................................................... 13
1.1
Quy nh chung ................................................................................................. 13
1.2
H s thit k .................................................................................................... 13
1.3
Yu cu v d bo thi tit v sng bin .......................................................... 16
Chng 2
i tng c ko l tu .............................................................................. 18
2.1
Quy nh chung ................................................................................................. 18
2.2
bn kt cu thn v ..................................................................................... 18
2.3
n nh nguyn vn v n nh tai nn.............................................................. 19
2.4
Cc bin php an ton trnh s xm nhp ca nc ....................................... 21
2.5
Phng tin thot nc v thot nc mt boong ........................................... 22
2.6
Thit b neo ......................................................................................................... 22
2.7
Bnh li v chn vt ............................................................................................ 23
2.8
n hnh trnh, tn hiu m thanh v vt hiu ................................................... 23
2.9
Phng tin ln tu ....................................................................................... 24
2.10
Cc yu cu b sung i vi tu c ko c ngi trc ................................ 24
2.11
Chng buc, c nh hng ha v thit b .......................................................... 24
2.12
Trang b cu ha ................................................................................................ 25
2.13
im ko tu ...................................................................................................... 25
2.14
Ngn nga nhim ............................................................................................ 25

5
2.15
Cc yu cu khc ............................................................................................... 25
Chng 3 i tng c ko l gin di ng trn bin v cc cng trnh bin khc

............................................................................................................................ 26
3.1
Quy nh chung .................................................................................................. 26
3.2
n nh nguyn vn v tc .......................................................................... 27
3.3
Mt thong kt cha cht lng v ng kn cc ming khot ......................... 29
3.4
Chng buc v c nh ..................................................................................... 29
Chng 4
Tu ko ............................................................................................................. 31
4.1
Quy nh chung .................................................................................................. 31
4.2
Phng tin thng tin lin lc ........................................................................... 32
4.3
Phng tin chuyn ngi .......................................................................... 32
4.4
Cc yu cu khc .............................................................................................. 32
Chng 5
Thit b v dng c ko .................................................................................. 34
5.1
Quy nh chung ................................................................................................. 34
5.2
Ti ko ............................................................................................................. 34
5.3
Thit b v dng c ko .................................................................................... 35

III. QUY NH V QUN L
1.1
Quy nh v gim st k thut ........................................................................... 41
1.2
Kim tra, th nghim .......................................................................................... 41
1.3
Chng nhn....................................................................................................... 42
1.4
Th tc kim tra, chng nhn ........................................................................... 42

IV. TRCH NHIM CA CC T CHC, C NHN
1.1
Trch nhim ca cc ch tu ............................................................................ 45
1.2
Trch nhim ca cc c s thit k .................................................................... 45
1.3
Trch nhim ca Cc ng kim Vit Nam ....................................................... 45
1.4
Kim tra thc hin ca B Giao thng vn ti .................................................... 45

V. T CHC THC HIN
1.1
p dng Quy chun .......................................................................................... 47
1.2
Cc iu kin ko tu trn bin .................................................................... 47
1.3
Qun l hot ng ko ........................................................................................ 48
Ph lc A
Yu cu bn ca c cu v c cu chng buc ..................................... 50
Ph lc B
Tnh ton sc cn khi ko trn bin............................................................... 58
Ph lc C
Quy trnh th lc ko ti mc ......................................................................... 60
Ph lc D
Nht k ko ....................................................................................................... 62
Ph lc E
Ko tu theo on ............................................................................................ 63
Ph lc F Mu Giy ngh thm nh h s thit k hot ng ko; Mu Giy

ngh kim tra; Mu Thng bo thm nh h s thit k hot ng ko;
Bin bn xc nh lc ko ti mc; Giy chng nhn ph hp cho hot ng ko
v Giy chng nhn th lc ko ti mc ................................................................... 67

V HOT NG KO TRN BIN
National Technical Regulation
on Towage at Sea
I
1.1
Quy nh chung
1.1.1
Phm vi iu chnh
QUY NH CHUNG
Quy chun k thut quc gia ny (sau y gi tt l Quy chun) quy nh v vic kim
tra, nh gi mc an ton v cp giy chng nhn ph hp cho cc hot ng ko trn
bin, bao gm cc i tng c ko vi cc kiu nh sau (sau y gi chung l i
tng c ko):
(1) Tu khng t y c bng thit b ng lc (bao gm s lan v png tng) v cc
cu trc ni;
(2) ni, cu trc ni, trang thit b ni v cc cu trc mt nc khc;
(3) Gin di ng trn bin v cc cng trnh bin;
(4) Tu c lp my b mt kh nng y.
Quy chun ny khng p dng cho hot ng dch chuyn cc tu phc v cng trnh, v
d s lan cu, tu no vt v.v trong phm vi khu vc lm vic ca chng v khng p
dng cho cc hot ng ko tu trong cng. Quy chun ny cng khng p dng cho cc
trng hp ko cu h hoc ko trong tnh hung s c, tai nn hoc ko cc s lan, tu
khng t hnh c kim tra, cp giy chng nhn ph hp hot ng bnh
thng.
Bt k quy nh -2 trn, cc hot ng ko nu -2 trn c th p dng cc yu cu

thch hp nu trong Quy chun ny.
1.1.2
i tng p dng
Quy chun ny p dng i vi cc t chc, c nhn c hot ng lin quan n hot

ng ko trn bin thuc phm vi iu chnh nu ti 1.1.1, bao gm Cc ng kim Vit
Nam (sau y, gi chung l ng kim); cc ch tu ko, ch i tng c ko (bao
gm c ngi thu tu, bo him, i l hoc cng ty qun l tu, qun l hot ng ko,
sau y gi chung l ch tu); nhng ngi tham gia hot ng ko; c s thit k.
1.2
Ti liu vin dn
1.2.1
Cc ti liu vin dn s dng trong Quy chun
QCVN 21: 2010/BGTVT, Quy chun k thut quc gia Quy phm phn cp v ng tu
bin v thp ban hnh km theo Thng t s 12/2010/TT-BGTVT ngy 21 thng 4 nm
2010 ca B trng B Giao thng vn ti v QCVN 21: 2010/BGTVT, Quy chun k
thut quc gia Quy phm phn cp v ng tu bin v thp ban hnh km theo Thng t
s 05/2013/TT-BGTVT ngy 02 thng 5 nm 2013.
QCVN 48: 2012/BGTVT, Quy chun k thut quc gia phn cp v gim st k thut gin
di ng trn bin cng trnh bin.
Cng c quc t v phng nga m va trn bin (COLREGs 1972).
1.3
Gii thch t ng
1.3.1
nh ngha v gii thch
Cc nh ngha v gii thch lin quan n cc thut ng chung c nu Phn 1A

QCVN 21: 2010/BGTVT.
Ngoi ra, trong Quy chun ny s dng cc nh ngha v gii thch nh sau:
(1)
"i tng c ko" thng thng c ngha l tu khng t y c bng thit b

ng lc, v d nh l s lan, tu cu, tu ng cc, tu no vt, tu c cu h,
tu ri ng, png tng v cc cng trnh bin nh l cng trnh ni, cc cng trnh
mt nc, gin di ng trn bin v cc cng trnh bin khc, cng nh l tu trang
b my nhng b mt kh nng y khi phng tin y c kh b hng, ngoi tr cc
tu c ko trong tnh hung s c v cu h;
(2)
"Thit b ko" l thit b trn tu ko v i tng c ko c dng cho cc

hot ng ko, bao gm ti ko, mc ko, cung ko, tang trng ca ti ko, l lun
dy (x ma lun dy), m ko, vng ko ch D, cht ko, thit b gi dy kiu hm
c mp trn tu ko, cng nh l im ko (tm mt ko hoc ct ko), l lun dy
(x ma lun dy) v.v trang b trn i tng c ko;
(3)
"Dng c ko" l cc dng c trn tu ko v i tng c ko chuyn dng cho

cc hot ng ko, bao gm dy ko chnh v dy ko d tr, cp ko a im bng
10
kim loi, xch ko a im, dy ko trung gian ngn, tm lin kt ba mt, vng ko,
ma n, dy ko s c v.v;
(4)
"Lc ko ti mc (BP)" l lc ko lin tc ti mc c ghi Giy chng nhn th

lc ko ti mc;
Ni chung, lc ko ti mc l lc ko sinh ra ng vi cng sut nh mc ca h
thng y ca tu ko khi tc ca tu ko trn nc lng (gi nh hn cp 3
thang B pho, v d tc gi khng vt qu 5 m/s, tc dng chy khng ln
hn 0,5 m/s) l bng khng;
(5)
"Ti ko t (BL)" l ti ko t nh nht ca cc dng c ko ghi trn Giy chng

nhn;
(6)
"Dy ko chnh" l dy ni gia tu ko v i tng c ko;
(7)
"Dy ko d tr" hay "Dy ko s c" l dy c s dng thay cho dy ko chnh

khi dy ko chnh b hng hoc c s dng duy tr n nh ca i tng c
ko mt cch tm thi;
(8)
"Cp ko a im/ xch ko a im" l dy ni c dng cho cc i tng c

ko c kch thc ln, ni gia dy dn hng hoc xch chng try nhng im
ko b tr hai bn mn ca i tng c ko (tm mt ko hoc ct ko) vi tm
lin kt ba mt nhm duy tr n nh hng ca i tng c ko;
(9)
"nh cp ko a im/ xch ko a im" l b phn ni gia nh ca cp ko a

im v gc ca dy ko trung gian ngn, v d nh l tm lin kt ba mt, vng ko
hoc ma n. Trong trng hp s dng cp ko a im/ xch ko a im kiu n,
cp ko a im/ xch ko a im thng phi c ni vi dy ko trung gian
ngn bng vng ko hoc ma n;
(10)
"Dy ko trung gian ngn" l cp ni gia tm lin kt ba mt hoc cp ko a im/

xch ko a im vi dy ko ca tu ko;
(11)
"im ko" l thit b trn i tng c ko chuyn dng ni vi dy ko hoc

cp ko a im/ xch ko a im, bao gm tm mt ko hoc ct ko;
(12)
"Hot ng ko" l ton b qu trnh din ra hot ng ko, bao gm tu ko dng

cho vic ko i tng c ko ni i, ko ti ni n v bn giao i tng
c ko ;
11
(13)
"Hot ng ko thng mi" l hot ng ko m xt v bn cht khng phi l ko

cu h v cng khng phi l ko trong trng hp b s c;
(14)
"Ko trn bin" l hot ng ko thng mi gia cc cng tr n hoc cc cng th

neo an ton nht nh dc theo tuyn ng, trong c tnh n iu kin thi tit;
(15)
"iu kin mi trng" l ti trng do iu kin thi tit hoc iu kin bin gy ra, v
d nh l gi, sng, bng, tuyt v.v Di iu kin thi tit v bin mang tnh quy
chun , lc ko ti mc yu cu bi i tng c ko phi duy tr c n nh
hng ca hot ng ko, lc ko ti mc phi tng ng lc khi tnh vi cc
iu kin thi tit v bin di y, tc ng trong cng mt hng:
- Tc gi:
20 m/s;
- Chiu cao sng ng k:
5 m;
- Tc dng chy:
0,5 m/s;
C th chp nhn cc tiu chun khc nu c c s tin cy cao trong vic d bo

thi tit v cc s liu kinh nghim v vng nc thc t;
(16)
"Vng kh hu n ha" l vng m khng c cc cn bo nhit i v khng c kh

khn trong vic di chuyn, nhng m khng bao gm nhng vng nh l Bc n
Dng vo ma c gi ma Ty Nam, v vng bin ng vo ma c gi ma ng
Bc. iu kin thi tit ca vng c kh hu n ha nh sau:
- Tc gi:
15 m/s;
- Chiu cao sng ng k:
2 m;
(17)
"Thuyn trng tu ko" l thuyn trng ca tu c s dng ko;
(18)
"Ngi ch huy ko" l ngi ch o, chu trch nhim cho hot ng ko. Thuyn
trng tu ko c th c phn cng lm ngi ch huy ko;
(19)
"Chiu di ko" l khong cch nm ngang o t ui ca tu ko ti mt ui ca

i tng c ko cui cng.
(20)
"Chiu cao sng ng k" chiu cao sng ng k Hs l trung bnh ca 1/3 chiu
cao sng ln nht trong phm vi ph sng.
12
II
QUY NH K THUT
CHNG 1
1.1
Quy nh chung
1.1.1
Quy nh chung
QUY NH CHUNG
Cc quy nh trong Quy chun ny c p dng trn c s nguyn tc chung nhm m

bo an ton, ngn nga tai nn v sinh mng con ngi trn bin, phng trnh tc ng
n mi trng, c bit l mi trng bin v tn tht ti sn cho cc hot ng ko trn
bin.
1.1.2
1
ngh kim tra
ngh kim tra i vi cc hot ng ko, theo Mu 2 ca Ph lc F, phi c ch tu

hoc i din ch tu lp v gi ng kim.
Ngi ngh phi trnh cc h s v ti liu nh yu cu trong Quy chun v b tr

thun tin cho vic kim tra ca ng kim.
1.2
H s thit k
1.2.1
H s thit k phi trnh
Trc khi thc hin hot ng ko, phi trnh cho ng kim cc h s, ti liu sau
kim tra s ph hp vi cc yu cu ca Quy chun ny:
(1) K hoch ko;
(2) Hng dn ko;
(3) Tnh ton n nh, sc bn ca i tng c ko (bao gm c cc chi tit gia
cng, b sung tm thi phc v ko (nu c);
(4) Cc bin php an ton phng trnh nc ngp ca i tng c ko (bao gm
cc phng tin x nc v l x nc, cc thit b m bo tnh nguyn vn kn
nc, kn thi tit);
(5) B tr v kt cu cc thit b neo v chng buc, thit b c nh bnh li, chn vt (nu
c) ca i tng c ko;
(6) B tr cc n v phng tin tn hiu (nu yu cu) ca i tng c ko;
(7) B tr phng tin ln xung i tng c ko (nu c);
13
(8) B tr v kt cu cc chi tit ko (tm mt ko, cc bch ko ...) ca i tng c
ko;
(9) B tr hng v chng buc hng trn i tng c ko (nu c);
(10) Cc thng tin chung v tu ko, thit b ko v i tng c ko;
(11) B tr v trang b cc h thng, trang thit b phng, chng chy, nhim (nu c);
(12) H s, ti liu khc m ng kim thy cn thit.
2
Sau khi kim tra h s v ti liu nu -1, ph hp vi quy trnh do ng kim quy nh,
ng kim s cp Thng bo thm nh h s thit k hot ng ko theo Mu 3 ca Ph
lc F, km theo h s, ti liu c kim tra, xc nhn.
1.2.2
1
Yu cu k thut
K hoch ko, ni chung, phi bao gm cc ni dung sau:

(1)
Cc kch thc chnh ca tu ko v i tng c ko v lc ko ti mc ca tu

ko;
(2)
L trnh ko theo k hoch c lp trc, bao gm vng bin din ra hot ng

ko, tuyn ng, khong cch, tc , ngy i v n theo d on m c tnh n
cc yu t nh l iu kin thi tit c d bo, thy triu v dng chy, kch
thc, cch b tr, din tch mt hng gi v lng chim nc ca i tng c
ko v c tnh n bt k mi nguy him no cn phi trnh lin quan n hnh hi
v.v;
(3)
B tr cc thit b v dng c ko v k hoch ng ph s c vi thi tit xu, c

bit l b tr dng tu v tr n. Trong trng hp i tng c ko c ngi trc
th c tu ko v i tng c ko u phi c bn K hoch ko v K hoch
ng cu s c;
(4)
Cc vng c th tr n hoc neo u trn l trnh ko c lp k hoch trc, k

hoch tip nhin liu cho tu ko, iu kin mi trng d kin v K hoch ko
trong c cc ni i, n v gh qua trn hnh trnh ko;
(5)
B tr ko, trong phi bao gm cc thng tin v hot ng ko, cc phng tin
thu hi (i vi s lan c ngi trc trong hot ng ko) v lin kt gia dy ko
chnh v dy ko s c. Trong trng hp c hn mt tu ko tham gia ko th phi
ch ra v tr ca mi tu ko v tn ca tu ko chnh.
2 Thng tin ca tu ko v thit b ko

14
(1)
(2)
Tu ko phi bao gm cc thng tin sau y:

(a)
Giy chng nhn theo lut;
(b)
Giy chng nhn phn cp;
(c)
Giy chng nhn th lc ko ti mc hoc h s lin quan.
Thit b ko v dng c ko phi bao gm cc thng tin sau:

(a)
Kiu v lc ko nh mc ca ti ko;
(b)
c tnh k thut, chiu di v ti ko t ca dy ko chnh v dy ko s

c;
(c)
Bn v hoc thng tin ca cc dng c ko v thit b lin kt, nu c th,

bao gm dy ko trung gian ngn, cp ko a im/ xch ko a im, tm
lin kt ba mt v mc.
Thng tin ca i tng c ko l tu

(1)
Thng tin ca i tng c ko phi bao gm: kiu, tn, s nhn dng hoc l h
hiu ca tu, cng ng k, mn nc ko, thng tin v n nh nguyn vn v n
nh tai nn trong iu kin ko (i vi s lan c ngi trc), cng nh l cc c
tnh k thut ca thit b neo v thit b chng buc;
i vi cc i tng c ko m ngng hot ng trong mt thi gian di v
b thi loi, s lng cc thng tin nu trn c th c gim sao cho ph hp, t nht
phi c cc thng tin v kiu, kch thc ch yu, mn nc ko, bn bo co v n
nh, nh gi v bn khi ko ca i tng c ko;
(2)
Thng tin ca thit b ko v dng c ko phi bao gm s b tr cc ct ko hoc

tm mt ko v x ma lun dy, b tr v bn ca dy ko s c, vng ko, ma n,
nu c th, cng phi bao gm dy ko trung gian ngn, cp ko a im/ xch ko a
im v tm lin kt ba mt;
(3)
4
S lng thy th trc trn i tng c ko trong qu trnh ko.
Thng tin ca i tng c ko l gin di ng trn bin v cc cng trnh bin khc
(1)
K hoch ko, Hng dn ko, bn tnh n nh khi ko, bn tnh lc ko ti mc cn

thit cho hot ng ko;
(2)
Thng tin ca thit b ko v dng c ko phi bao gm s b tr cc ct ko hoc

tm mt ko v x ma lun dy, b tr v bn ca dy ko s c, vng ko, ma n,
nu c th, cng phi bao gm dy ko trung gian ngn, cp ko a im/ xch ko a
im v tm lin kt ba mt;
15
(3)
5
Thng tin ca cc i tng c ko m c cc kt cu c bit

(1)
S lng thy th trc trn i tng c ko trong qu trnh ko.
Bin bn nh gi bn, n nh khi ko.
Trong trng hp ch hng trn boong ca i tng c ko

(1)
Thng tin ca cc kt cu , thit b chng buc hoc gi cht ca i tng c

ch;
(2)
Bn tnh bn tng ng cng vi cc bn v khc c lin quan;
(3)
c tnh k thut ca quy trnh hn v bin bn nh gi cht lng hn ca cc thit

b gi cht trn boong thi tit.
1.3 Yu cu v d bo thi tit v sng bin

1.3.1
Trn tu ko phi c mt phng tin d bo thi tit t nht trong 24 h sp ti trong
sut qu trnh ko.

1.3.2
Phi nhn c d bo thi tit v sng bin trong khu vc bt u hnh trnh ko t
nht trong 24 h sp ti tnh t gi khi hnh d kin ca tu ko.

1.3.3
D bo thi tit v sng bin t nht phi bao gm cc thng tin sau:
Khi qut v khu vc ;
Tc v hng gi;
Chiu cao v chu k sng;
Chiu cao v chu k sng cn;
5 D bo xa trong vng 48 gi ti. Nu thi gian ko ln hn 72 gi, th phi c d bo xa

trong vng 72 gi ti.
1.3.4
Tu ko phi nhn c d bo thi tit v sng bin t nht t hai trm d bo khc
nhau chc chn rng tnh trng thi tit v sng bin l tt trong sut mt qu trnh sau
khi tu khi hnh.
1.3.5
i vi nhng i tng c ko c ngi trc trong qu trnh ko, thy th trn
phi lin lc vi tu ko trong sut chuyn i nhn c d bo thi tit v sng bin.
1.3.6
Trong sut hnh trnh ko, nu xy ra iu kin thi tit v sng bin mang tnh c
th th tu ko phi nhn c nhng d bo thng xuyn hn. Trong trng hp c

nhng thay i ng k th phi lin lc trc tip vi trung tm d bo xem xt vic d
bo xa i vi iu kin thi tit v sng bin v bo co vi Ch tu hoc c s thit k
16
tho lun. Ch tu hoc c s thit k phi bo co cc bin php qua tho lun
vi ng kim.
17
CHNG 2
I TNG C KO L TU
2.1 Qui nh chung

2.1.1
i tng c ko l nhng tu khng t y c bng thit b ng lc hoc l
nhng cu trc tng t khc m c thit k ph hp vi QCVN 21: 2010/BGTVT hoc

ph hp vi cc tiu chun c cng nhn khc, v d s lan v png tng ln c hnh
dng vung thnh sc cnh, v kt cu c bo tr ng cch, c th coi cc tnh
trng k thut nh bn kt cu v n nh l ph hp khi c ko trong iu kin thi
tit v bin mang tnh quy chun.
2.1.2
i tng c ko l nhng tu khc ngoi nhng tu khng t y c bng
thit b ng lc hoc l nhng cu trc tng t m c thit k ph hp vi QCVN 21:

2010/BGTVT hoc ph hp vi cc tiu chun c cng nhn khc, v d ni, png
tng, tu sng hoc cc tu khc, cn phi gia cng, chng buc v c nh cc kt cu
v thit b ko ng cch v nng cao cc gii hn i vi hot ng ko cho ph hp vi
iu kin c th, v d nh c tnh ca i tng c ko, tuyn ng, iu kin thi
tit v bin v.v
2.1.3
Trong trng hp xt thy c mt kt cu c bit trn i tng c ko m c
nh hng xu n bn kt cu v n nh trong qu trnh ko, v d nh l cn trc,

my ng cc, thit b ri ng v.v th kt cu c bit phi c h thp hoc sp xp
li v c nh. Nu h s c cp bi mt C quan c thm quyn th c th khng bt
buc phi h thp.
2.1.4
Nu i tng c ko l mt tu c lp my nhng khng di chuyn c do cc
h hi di tc ng ca bin hoc do my hng th ng kim vin phi tin hnh kim

tra trc khi ko m bo an ton.
2.2 bn kt cu thn v
2.2.1
Trong trng hp bn kt cu thn v ca tu c ko ph hp QCVN 21:
2010/BGTVT hoc ph hp vi cc tiu chun c cng nhn khc v hot ng ko

c tin hnh trong tnh trng thi tit v bin mang tnh quy chun th c th coi bn
kt cu l tha mn.
Trong trng hp i tng c ko l tu lp my nhng m khng di chuyn c do
cc h hi di tc ng ca bin hoc do my hng, th b phn b h hng phi c
18
sa cha hon ton hoc tm thi phc hi bn v tnh kn nc theo yu cu, khi
c th coi bn v tnh kn nc l tha mn.
2.2.2
Trong trng hp i tng c ko khng phi l tu m c thit k tha mn
QCVN 21: 2010/BGTVT hoc ph hp vi cc tiu chun c cng nhn khc th khi
phi c cc bin php gia cng tnh ton cho iu kin thi tit v bin mang tnh quy
chun hoc l hot ng ko phi c gii hn trong vng hoc ma c kh hu n ha.
i vi ni, phi c bit ch kim tra ng sut xon tng.
2.2.3
Nu tu c ko ch thit b, c cu kt cu hoc hng ha c khi lng nng
trong qu trnh ko, th Ch tu hoc c s thit k phi cung cp bin bn kim tra ca
kt cu v thit b c nh chc chn rng chng c bn khi ko.
Vic tnh ton ti trng tc dng ln cc c cu v cc b phn chng buc ca i
tng c ko v yu cu bn ca chng c nu Ph lc A.
Kch thc ca s lan ch chn gin c nh hoc l cc cng trnh bin c kch thc ln
khc phi ph hp vi kch thc ca cc chn gin v cng trnh ny. Kt cu boong s
lan phi c gia cng thch hp c bn tha ng.
2.2.4
im ko, bao gm tm mt ko, ct ko v x ma phi c thit k theo cc tiu
chun v thit b ko do ng kim hoc mt T chc c cng nhn yu cu, sao

cho chng c th chu c ti bng 1,3 ln ti ko t nh nht ca dy ko chnh c
xc nh bi lc ko ti mc v khng c bin dng vnh vin. Yu cu phi gia cng
thch hp cho cc phn tng ng ca kt cu thn v.
2.2.5
Nu s dng cp ko a im kiu kp, tm mt ko phi c b tr i xng hai
bn mn tu.
2.3 n nh nguyn vn v n nh tai nn
2.3.1
n nh nguyn vn ca i tng c ko trong sut qu trnh ko phi tha mn
cc yu cu lin quan ca QCVN 21:2010/BGTVT hoc cc tiu chun c ng kim

chp nhn. trnh nh hng ca mt thong cht lng n n nh nguyn vn ca i
tng c ko, tt c cc kt ca i tng phi c cha y hoc trng thi
dn trong sut qu trnh ko.
2.3.2
trnh vic ch chn gin c nh hoc cc cng trnh bin khc c kch thc
ln lm nh hng n n nh nguyn vn v n nh tai nn ca i tng c ko th

phi tnh n vic sp xp v b tr cc chn gin v cng trnh bin .
19
2.3.3
n nh tai nn ca i tng c ko c qu 12 ngi trc trong sut qu trnh
ko phi c kim tra tha mn cc quy nh ca QCVN 21:2010/BGTVT hoc cc tiu

chun c ng kim chp nhn.
2.3.4
i tng c ko phi c mn nc thch hp v nn chi ui trong sut qu
trnh ko sao cho duy tr c n nh hng ca on ko v gim nh hng ca hin

tng va p ca sng i vi i tng c ko. Ti trng, mn nc v chi ca
i tng c ko phi ph hp vi K hoch ko v n nh khi ko.
2.3.5
i tng c ko phi c mn nc v chi thch hp, nn chi ui tnh theo
hng ko v t nht phi trng thi cn bng, tuy nhin, khng chp nhn chi mi.
Mn nc mi v li ca tu c ko trn bin nn theo gi tr cho Bng 2.3.5. Ni
chung, i vi i tng c ko c dng hnh hp th phi khng c chi hoc chi
ui vi chi nh hn.
Bng 2.3.5 Mn nc mi v chnh mn nc mi li
Chiu di tu c ko (m)
Mn nc mi (m)
chnh mn nc mi li (m)
30
0,90
0,30
60
1,80
0,60
90
2,40
0,80
120
3,00
1,00
150
3,50
1,10
180
4,00
1,30
210
4,80
1,50
Lu :
Theo kinh nghim thc t, t l gia chnh mn nc mi li v chiu di tu

c ko s gim khi chiu di tu tng. Theo kinh nghim trong khai thc,
chnh mn nc mi li thng bng khong 0,75% chiu di nu chiu di tu
c ko ln hn 150 m. Thc t khng nn chnh qu ln.
2.2.6
chi ui ca i tng c ko do ngi ch huy ko hoc thuyn trng tu
ko xc nh.
2.3.7
Vi nhng tu ch chn gin c nh hoc cc cng trnh bin khc c kch thc
ln, chi ui phi ph hp vi cc yu cu v xp ti v quy trnh lp t cng trnh

bin.
20
2.4 Cc bin php an ton trnh s xm nhp ca nc
2.2.1
Vi i tng c ko ch hng trn boong, phi m bo c cc phng tin
thot nc mt boong mn kh v vic xp hng trn boong khng nh hng n n nh

mn kh ban u hoc l khng nh hng n cc yu cu ca ng kim.
2.2.4
Trnh lm tc nghn ca sp ca thot nc mn gi trn boong mn kh thi tit.
Hng ha hoc cc h thng c nh trn boong phi khng lm chn l thot nc mn

v dng nc thot.
2.4.3
Phi c cc thit b ng ca cc loi l khot khc nhau trn boong mn kh thi tit
v trn boong thng tng.

2.4.4
1
Yu cu i vi thit b ng kn:
i tng c ko l tu:
(1) Ming hm, ng thng gi, ng thng hi, ca ra vo, ca s v cc l khot khc m
qua nc bin c th trn vo tu v nh hng n n nh ca tu th phi c
ng kn thi tit. Ca hp l mn phi c ng bng np kim loi v phi c c
nh chc chn. Bt k ca ra vo kn nc hoc thit b ng kn nc no trn thn
tu u phi lun trng thi ng;
(2)
Van thng bin v van x mn m khng s dng trong qu trnh ko phi c ng

v kha li. Cc thit b ng ng thot nc v sinh cn phi c gng kha v tr
ng.
Cc i tng c ko khc:
(1)
Phi c cc bin php c th thc hin c tha mn yu cu (1) nu trn;
(2)
Vi i tng c ko khng c ngi trc, ca hp l bn mn ca mi ca bin bn

di boong mn kh v ca tng th nht ca thng tng hoc lu pha trn boong
mn kh phi c ng bng np kim loi v nu c trang b np kim loi th phi
kha li; nu khng th phi c tm kim loi hoc cc bin php hu hiu bo v
pha bn ngoi mn;
(3)
Vi i tng c ko c ngi trc, cc loi l khot khc nhau m qua nc

c th trn vo tu th phi c ng kn thi tit ngoi tr nhng l khot c thy
th trc s dng.
2.4.5
Bin php pht hin v ngn chn r r
21
1 Tt c cc h t v ging ht kh trong hm hng, kt y i, khng gian trng, khoang
cch ly, kt du v kt nc phi c phng tin o mc cht lng. Phi m bo tnh kn
nc ca np ng o trn boong mn kh ca cc loi kt du v kt nc;
2 Tu c ko phi c trang b s lng thit b ngn chn r r.
2.4.6
Vi i tng c ko khng c ngi trc, phi sn mt mt ng nh du c
chiu rng 0,5 mt v chiu di khng nh hn 1 mt ti mt v tr thch hp pha trn du

mn nc mi v c mu sao cho d dng phn bit c vi mu ca v tu khi tu xut
pht t cng, iu ny nhm to iu kin thun li cho thuyn vin trn tu ko d dng
quan st s thay i bt thng ca i tng c ko trong qu trnh ko. Nu bin
php ny khng kh thi, th c th gim kch c ca ng du sao cho thch hp.
Nhng s lan khng ch hng trn boong, nu c th, phi c gng tha mn yu cu ny.
2.5 Phng tin thot nc v thot nc mt boong
2.5.1
Ni chung, phi trang b phng tin thot nc trong hm hng, bung my v trong
cc kt kn nc nhm to lc ni v m bo tnh ni cho tu c ko.

2.5.2
Bm ht kh, bm dn v cc bm x khc v h thng ng ng, u ht ca
chng phi c gi trong tnh trng lm vic hiu qu trong sut qu trnh ko.
Cc hp li lc u ht kh ca tt c cc hm hng phi c trang b thit b bo v
tin cy.
2.5.3
Nu khng lp t thit b thot nc trn tu c ko th phi trang b t nht mt
bm x xch tay s dng ngun in c lp. Ct p tng v lu lng ca bm x phi

c xc nh theo kch thc v dung tch ca khoang trn tu c ko.
2.5.4
Phi ng tt c cc van vo v ra trn tu c ko v phi chng gi tay van bng
dy kim loi hoc bng cc bin php hu hiu khc chng ni lng ngoi tr nhng
van cn thit i vi an ton ca tu c ko v sinh hot ca thuyn vin trn .
2.6 Thit b neo
2.6.1
Tr nhng trng hp khng th thc hin c do c im thit k hoc do iu
kin thc t, th phi trang b thit b neo trn i tng c ko dng nu gi trong
iu kin thi tit xu v cng phi trang b km theo xch hoc cp kim loi, chng phi
c b tr sao cho ngi trn i tng c ko hoc ngi ln c th nh c d
dng trong tnh hung s c.
22
2.6.2
Nu thit b neo c trang b cho i tng c ko th n phi c gi trong
iu kin tt v sn sng hot ng.

2.6.3
Nu thit b neo khng c trang b cho i tng c ko th phi trang b tm
thi t nht mt neo trong qu trnh ko v phi tha mn yu cu sau:

W = 7 2/3
Trong :
2.6.4
Khi lng ca neo, tnh bng (kg);
Lng chim nc ko, tnh bng (tn).
Neo, bao gm c neo c trang b tm thi, phi c kh nng nh nhanh.
2.7 Bnh li v chn vt

2.7.1
Nu d nh s dng thit b li trong hot ng ko, my li phi lun trong tnh
trng lm vic tt.

2.7.2
Nu khng nh s dng thit b li trong hot ng ko, tm bnh li phi c c
nh v tr gia tu. Nu yu cu phi c nh bnh li theo mt gc no th phi tham

kho kin ca thuyn trng tu ko. Nu cn thit phi s dng bnh li hoc thay i
gc bnh li trong chuyn i m trc n c c nh mt v tr nht nh th sau
khi thay i cn phi c nh li.
2.7.3
Vi i tng c ko c lp my y ph tr, nhng khng cn thit phi s dng
trong qu trnh ko th phi c bin php ngn chn chuyn ng ca my y .

2.7.4
Nu i tng c ko l tu c lp my nhng m khng hot ng c do h
hng th bnh li phi c c nh v tr cn bng v phi c bin php ngn chn

chuyn ng ca my .
2.8 n hnh trnh, tn hiu m thanh v vt hiu
2.8.1
Tu c ko phi c cc n hnh trnh v vt hiu nh sau:
Hai n mn;
Khi chiu di ko ln hn 200 mt, phi c n ui v hnh thoi v tr d thy.
2.8.2
Thit k v v tr ca n hnh trnh, vt hiu v tn hiu m thanh trn i tng
c ko phi tha mn cc yu cu ca COLREGs 1972. Nu c th, n hnh trnh l

h thng kp.
2.8.3
Phi trang b cho i tng c ko khng c ngi trc ngun in cho n
hnh trnh s dng trong khong thi gian din ra hot ng ko n ni n.

23
2.8.4
Vi i tng c ko c ngi trc, phi c tn hiu m thanh khi m tm nhn
khng theo Quy nh 35 ca COLREGs 1972.

2.9 Phng tin ln tu
2.9.1
ln i tng c ko t tu ko hoc t cc tu khc, thang hoc cc bc bng
thp phi c t mi mn ca tu c ko. C th xem xt c trang b thang dy

nu c cc bin php an ton gi cht hoc c nh thang dy .
2.10
Cc yu cu b sung i vi tu c ko c ngi trc
2.10.1
S lng thy th trc trn tu c ko phi c gii hn n mc ti thiu
mc cn thit.
2.10.2
i tng c ko c ngi trc phi c trang b khng gian sinh hot,
phng tin v sinh, nu nng v d tr s lng thc phm, nc ngt v du

nhin liu p ng nhu cu ca thuyn vin trong qu trnh ko tu.
2.10.3
Khi ko i tng c ngi trc, phi c thit b lin lc trn tu lin lc ni b mt
cch hiu qu gia tu c ko v tu ko. Nu trang b thit b v tuyn in thoi xch

tay VHF, s lng yu cu phi l hai b cng vi hai b pin d tr cung cp cho c
chuyn i.
2.10.4
Phi trang b cho i tng c ko c ngi trc t nht cc dng c cu sinh nh
sau:
1 Mt phao b t thi c sc cha ton b s ngi trn i tng c ko t ti mi
mn; nu khong cch gia v tr ln phng tin cu sinh cch mt nc ln hn 4,5 m
th phi trang b phao b c thit b h c duyt, ngoi tr trng hp khng th thc
hin c do c trng thit k hoc do iu kin thc t ca i tng c ko;
2 Bn phao trn, trong hai phao c trang b n t sng v hai phao c trang b dy
cu sinh ni;
3 Phi trang b mt thang dy ti v tr ct gi phao b;
4 Mt o phao cho mi ngi;
5 Su pho d, su uc cm tay v mt n tn hiu nhp nhy xch tay; v
6 Bn thit b phng dy cm tay.
2.11
Chng buc, c nh hng ha v thit b
2.11.1
Hng ha ch trn i tng c ko phi c chng buc mt cch tin cy v
c c nh trong qu trnh ko nhm mc ch ngn cn chuyn ng ca chng, trnh

h hi hoc lm nh hng n n nh ca i tng c ko.
24
2.11.2
Nu i tng c ko l mt b phn ca ni v tu k thut, v d nh cn cu
ni, thit b no vt, phng tin ri ng v my ng cc v.v th cc thit b v my mc

ch trn boong hoc di hm phi c chng buc v c nh.
2.12
Trang b cu ha
2.12.1
Ty theo kiu ca i tng c ko v c tnh ca hng ha ch trn , phi
trang b thit b cu ha xch tay trn i tng c ko c ngi trc trong qu trnh
ko. Thng thng phi trang b bnh bt cha chy xch tay.
2.13
im ko tu
2.13.1
Cc thit b ko, v d nh im ko (tm mt ko hoc ct ko), l lun dy (x ma
lun dy), mt ko, ma n v.v phi tha mn tiu chun kh tng hc i vi mi trng
ko v phi c kh nng duy tr hng ko. bn ca im ko phi c xc nh
theo kch thc, hnh dng ca i tng c ko v tc ko.
2.13.2
Phi c t nht hai b im ko (tm mt ko hoc ct ko) v x ma m chng c th
thch ng vi xch chng try trn i tng c ko. Ct bt hoc thit b chng buc
thch hp trn tu c ko c th c s dng lm im ko. X ma phi c hnh dng
sao cho trnh c vic to ra ng sut qu ln cc mt ca xch chng try.
2.13.3
Phi c phng tin trnh mi mn v nt i vi x ma hoc khu vc lin k trn
i tng c ko m ti d dng b mn hng c ni vi dy ko chnh bng cp

ko a im/ xch ko a im v tm lin kt ba mt.
2.13.4
Ph tng ca dy ko phi c thit k chng li lc ko ca dy t bt c
hng no c th xy ra v c th s dng x ma nu cn thit. Vic thit k v b tr cc

ph kin ko phi tnh n c hai trng thi bnh thng v s c.
2.14
Ngn nga nhim
2.14.1
gim nguy c gy nhim, lng du nhin liu c ch trn i tng c
ko phi c tnh ton ph hp vi thi gian hnh trnh ko trn bin. Tng lng du
phi b gii hn theo yu cu i vi an ton v hot ng ko bnh thng.
2.15
Cc yu cu khc
2.15.1
Vi i tng c ko khng c ngi trc, phi c lng d tr, nc ngt v
du nhin liu dng trong trng hp s c, khi cn thit (chuyn i di/ ca bin tm
thi v.v).
25
CHNG 3
I TNG C KO L GIN DI NG TRN BIN V CC

CNG TRNH BIN KHC
3.1 Qui nh chung

3.1.1
Chng ny p dng cho cc hot ng ko gin di ng trn bin v cc cng trnh
bin khc trong iu kin mi trng ko trn bin theo tiu chun.
3.1.2
Ngoi vic phi tha mn cc quy nh Chng ny, hot ng ko gin di ng
trn bin trn bin phi tha mn cc yu cu lin quan Chng 2.

3.1.3
i vi gin di ng trn bin, cc cng trnh bin v cc kt cu tng t khc, v
cc cng trnh hay kt cu tng t c ng ph hp vi cc quy nh ca Quy chun

QCVN 48:2012/BGTVT phn cp v gim st k thut gin di ng trn bin - cng trnh
bin, hoc theo cc Tiu chun tng ng khc, vic nh gi hot ng ko phi c
thc hin t nht trong iu kin mi trng tiu chun i vi hot ng ko trn bin, v
hot ng ko phi c tin hnh trong iu kin tt hn so vi iu kin tiu chun .
3.1.4
Nu gin di ng trn bin, cc cng trnh bin v cc kt cu tng t khc c
ng kim cp Giy chng nhn an ton/ Giy chng nhn kim tra v c xt thy kt
cu, n nh v trang b an ton ca chng l tha mn nhng Quy chun nu ra trong
Giy chng nhn th c th xem nh l chng iu kin ph hp vi cc hot ng
ko.
3.1.5
i vi gin t nng, vic h thp thn gin, rt cc cc ln, bt u hot ng ko
ri cm cc xung y bin khi n c v tr d tnh phi c tin hnh trong iu

kin bin tt.
3.1.6
Thuyn vin trn gin di ng trn bin, cc cng trnh bin v cc kt cu tng t
khc phi tng cng trc ca v canh phng trong sut qu trnh ko.
3.1.7
i vi gin di ng trn bin c ngi trc trong qu trnh ko, thy th trn phi
kim tra theo chu k cc kt cu, thit b ng kn nc, thit b ko v tnh trng c nh
cc chn ca gin v cc cu a, v phi bo co kt qu vi ngi ch huy ko hoc
thuyn trng tu ko.
3.1.8
Ngoi vic tha mn cc quy nh Chng 2 i vi thit b cu sinh th phi trang
b mt b qun o bi cho mi ngi trn gin di ng trn bin m c ko vng bin

lnh trong ma ng.
26
3.1.9
Ngoi cc quy nh c lin quan 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.8, 2.9, 2.11, 2.13 ca Chng
2, hot ng ko trn bin i vi cc cu trc ni hoc cc cng trnh bin khc phi tha
mn cc quy nh Chng ny.
3.2 n nh nguyn vn v tc
3.2.1
Phi m bo n nh nguyn vn ca gin di ng trn bin v cc cng trnh bin
c ko khc l tha mn cc quy nh c lin quan ca ng kim v ph hp S tay

vn hnh c thm nh. Nu khng c quy nh ca ng kim th phi tha mn t
nht cc yu cu sau y:
1 Chiu cao tm nghing ban u GM0 phi khng nh hn 0,3 mt;
2 Gc ln ca ng cong n nh tnh phi khng nh hn 35, v din tch di ng
cong n nh tnh phi khng nh hn 0,10 m.rad;
3 T l gia cc din tch gii hn bi ng cong n nh tnh v ng cong cnh tay n
gy nghing ca gi tnh n giao im th hai 2 hoc gc vo nc j (ly gc no nh
hn) phi khng nh hn 1,4, c ngha l A+B 1,4(B+C). (Xem Hnh 3.2.1).
Hnh 3.2.1
Cc din tch gii hn bi ng cong n nh tnh v ng

cong cnh tay n gy nghing do gi
27
Trong :
Cnh tay n gy nghing do gi l phi c tnh ton theo cng thc sau:
l=
0,5 V 2
9810
C C AZ
h
(m)
Trong :
:
khi lng ring ca khng kh, ly bng 1,22 kg/m3;
V: Tc gi thit k, m/s, ly ti thiu bng 36 m/s (70 hi l/gi) i vi vng hot

ng khng hn ch; 30,9 m/s (60 hi l/gi) vi vng hot ng ven b; 25,8
m/s (50 hi l/gi) vi vng hot ng l vng nc c che chn. i vi cc
hot ng ko c c hnh trnh di vng hot ng khng hn ch, tc gi
ly l 51,5 m/s (100 hi l/gi) cn c vo tuyn ng v iu kin thi tit;
:
Lng chim nc, tn;
Ch: H s chiu cao ca cc thnh phn hng gi, ph thuc vo chiu cao tm din
tch thnh phn hng gi h (m) so vi ng nc thit k, c ly nh trong
Bng 3.2.1-1;
Cs: H s hnh dng ca thnh phn hng gi, c ly nh trong Bng 3.2.1-2;
A: Din tch chiu ln phng thng ng ca thnh phn hng gi theo chiu ca
vn tc gi trng thi cn bng hoc nghing ngang, m2;
Z: Khong cch thng ng t tm din tch ca thnh phn hng gi ti tm sc
cn ca mn tu bn di ng nc, trong tm sc cn c th c ly ti
mt na mn nc thit k.
Bng 3.2.1-1
H s Ch
Chiu cao bn trn ng nc

h (m)
Ch
Chiu cao bn trn ng nc

(m)
Ch
0 < h 15,3
1,00
137,0 < h 152,5
1,60
15,3 < h 30,5
1,10
152,5 < h 167,5
1,63
30,5 < h 46,0
1,20
167,5 < h 183,0
1,67
46,0 < h 61,0
1,30
183,0 < h 198,0
1,70
61,0 < h 76,0
1,37
198,0 < h 213,5
1,72
76,0 < h 91,5
1,43
213,5 < h 228,5
1,75
91,5 < h 106,5
1,48
228,5 < h 244,0
1,77
106,5 < h 122,0
1,52
244,0 < h 256,0
1,79
122,0 < h 137,0
1,56
h > 256
1,80
28
Bng 3.2.1-2
Kiu cu trc
H s Cs
Kiu cu trc
Cs
Cs
Hnh cu
0,4
Cu a phc v hot ng
khoan
1,25
Hnh tr
0,5
Dy cp
1,2
B mt phng ln (thn tu, lu,

b mt nhn bn di boong)
1,0
X hoc dm l bn di boong
1,3
Cc phn nh
1,4
Nhm cc lu hoc kt cu tng

t
1,1
Cc cu trc c lp (cu trc, x

v.v...)
1,5
3.2.2
Trong qu trnh ko, gin di ng trn bin phi c chi li thch hp. chi li
ca gin t nng nn nh hn 0,3 m, v ca gin bn chm nn nh hn 0,4 m.

3.2.3
Gin di ng trn bin phi c ko vi mt tc thch hp, khng nh hn 4 hi
l/gi trong nc tnh. i vi gin bn chm kiu t hnh, nu my y chnh hot ng

trong qu trnh ko th tc tng hp khi ko khng c ln hn 10 hi l/g.
3.2.4
Tu ko phi c cng sut ko d tr phanh v iu ng an ton gin di ng
trn bin, lc phanh an ton phi c xc nh vi tc gi l 20 m/s.

3.3 Mt thong kt cha cht lng v ng kn cc ming khot
3.3.1
Tt c cc kt cha cht lng trn i tng c ko nn c cha y hoc l
dn trong qu trnh ko. Nu khng, phi trnh bn tnh n nh khi ko trong c tnh n
cc nh hng ca mt thong cht lng ph hp vi iu kin ti trng trong thc t.
3.3.2
Cc loi l khot kn thi tit khc nhau trn gin di ng trn bin phi c ng.
3.3.3
i vi gin t nng, khi m cc chn c h xung, phn thn c nng ln v
h xung v gin bt u c ko th phi vn hnh cc qu trnh theo cc quy nh

trong S tay vn hnh c thm nh. L ngi chui trn thng ln, ng ht, ng thi
v van thng bin phi c ng kn nc.
3.4 Chng buc v c nh
3.4.1
Tt c cc thit b, dng c v c gi trn tu m c th di ng hoc di chuyn
c th phi c chng buc v c nh mt cch hu hiu theo cc yu cu S tay

vn hnh duyt.
3.4.2
Tm lan can bo v di ng dng cho my bay trc thng trn gin di ng trn bin
phi c a i ch khc v c nh trc khi ko. Sn di ng hoc l sn khu vc

29
b phn k thut u ging khoan cng phi c a v v tr khi gin khng hot ng
v c nh trong qu trnh ko.
3.4.3
Cn khoan, vng m v v bc gia cc b ng trn boong phi c chng buc,
ngoi ra, phi c bin php chng gi hai u ca b ng nhm trnh hin tng ng v
cn khoan b trt dc.
3.4.4
Nm trn v nm di ca h thng nm trn chn ca gin t nng phi c c
nh v tr gn vi cc chn v thn ca gin khng cho cc chn chuyn ng trong

qu trnh ko.
30
CHNG 4
TU KO
4.1 Qui nh chung

4.1.1
Phi la chn tu ko vi lc ko ti mc ph hp da vo cch b tr, kch thc
chnh, khong cch ko, iu kin thi tit v bin ca tuyn hnh trnh cng nh m
bo tc ko an ton. Kiu, cc yu cu v iu kin ko theo on c th xem Ph
lc E.
4.1.2
Tu ko phi c cc thng tin v Giy chng nhn c hiu lc nh sau:
1 Cc Giy chng nhn ph hp vi tuyn hnh trnh ko;

2 Cc thng tin v n nh khi ko;
3 B tr hot ng ko;
4 Giy chng nhn ca cc thit b v dng c ko;
5 Giy chng nhn th lc ko ti mc (mu 6 ca Ph lc F) i vi tu ko. Vi th lc
ko ti mc, c th tham kho Ph lc C, hoc l cc Tiu chun c cng nhn v cc
Tiu chun Vit Nam.
4.1.3
Lc ko ti mc ca tu ko phi ph hp sao cho ko i tng c ko mt cch
an ton. C th tham kho Ph lc B tnh ton lc cn ko tng hp. Trong trng hp

ko t pha ui ca i tng c ko, lc ko ti mc yu cu cho i tng c ko
thng phi c tng ln 20% do kh khn trong vic gi n nh hng i tng c
ko.
4.1.4
Trong trng hp tu ko khng c Giy chng nhn th lc ko ti mc th c th
c lng lc ko l 9,8 kN vi mi 100 HP, tnh theo cng sut nh mc ca my y

chnh trn tu ko. Nu khng th xc nh c cng sut nh mc th phi gim 1%
mi nm i vi cng sut ghi trn tm mc my ca my y chnh.
4.1.5
Tc ko ca tu ko trn nc tnh phi tha mn cc yu cu sau:
1 Khng nh hn 6 hi l/gi vi i tng c ko kiu tu;

2 Khng nh hn 5 hi l/gi vi i tng c ko c hnh dng c bit, v d nh l
ni, phao cu v.v hoc l gin bn chm;
3 Khng nh hn 4 hi l/gi i vi gin t nng v cc cu trc ni khc.
4.1.6
Tu ko hot ng vng bin khng hn ch phi trang b t nht hai my chnh v hai
b my li.
31
4.1.7
Kim tra dy ko ngay sau khi hon thnh mi hot ng ko. Kt qu kim tra phi
c ghi vo Nht k ko lm cn c cho cc chng trnh kim tra v bo dng sau

ny.
4.1.8
Kim tra thit b ko trc mi hot ng ko. Phi thay mi dy ko nu thy din
tch tit din ngang ca dy gim do mi mn, try xc, hao mn v s lng si b t
ln hn 10% hoc l dy b tht nt nhiu, b nghin nt hoc b h hi do cu trc dy b
xon gy ra, cng nh l b phn lt pha u dy hoc l cc b phn khc nh l vng
lt v.v b hng, bin dng hoc l b n mn ng k.
4.1.9
Tu ko phi c mt Nht k ko (nn theo nh dng nh c nu Ph lc D)
ph hp vi cc ni dung c yu cu.
4.1.10
Nht k my y chnh v cc my ph phi s dng trong qu trnh ko ti thiu
phi c cc thng tin v s gi hot ng v cc s vic xy ra m khng c trong k

hoch.
4.1.11
Thy th c bin ch trn tu ko phi ph hp vi cc quy nh tng ng ca
Chnh quyn tu mang c. Nu cc quy nh nm trong cc quy nh lin quan trong

Cng c STCW th c th yu cu phi bin ch thm thy th khi ko tu theo on.
4.2 Phng tin thng tin lin lc
4.2.1
Thit b lin lc trn tu ko trong qu trnh ko ni i v ni n phi tha mn cc
yu cu ca ng kim.
4.2.2
Nu ko i tng c ngi trc, phi trang b t nht hai thit b v tuyn in thoi
xch tay VHF v mt n tn hiu ban ngy trn tu ko. Nu trong khi ko m cn phi ln
tu c ko kim tra hay v nguyn nhn no khc th phi trang b t nht mt thit b
v tuyn in thoi xch tay VHF cho thy th tip cn i tng c ko .
4.3 Phng tin chuyn ngi
4.3.1
Phi trang b trn tu ko t nht mt xung cng tc vi kiu ph hp c gn ng
c y dng iu ng trong vng bin khng hn ch chuyn ngi v thit b ln

tu c ko.
4.3.2
Nu xung cng tc chuyn bit c lp my y thuc kiu bm hi th phi c
khng gian rng vn hnh v nh c thun tin v phi c cc phng tin s

dng an ton.
32
4.3.3
Phi c phng tin bo v nu xung cng tc chuyn ngi kiu bm hi c
s dng chuyn thit b ln i tng c ko.

4.4 Cc yu cu khc
4.4.1
Thit b hng hi phi tha mn cc yu cu v hot ng ko ni i v ni n do
ng kim quy nh.

4.4.2
Trong qu trnh ko, tu ko phi c bin ch thuyn vin theo Cng c STCW
v phi c du nhin liu, nc ngt, thc phm v cc ph tng d tr khc cng nh

l phi c lng d tr ph hp vi iu kin thi tit v bin trn tuyn hnh trnh ko.
4.4.3
Phi trang b li cu sinh c hai mn vng gia tu ca tu ko s dng ln
tu i vi nhng ngi b ng xung bin. Trong qu trnh ko, li cu sinh c th t

nm trn boong, tuy nhin, n phi trong trng thi sn sng hot ng.
4.4.4
Tu ko phi c trang b thit b ct nhanh dy ko hoc b nh khn cp lin k
vi ti ko.
4.4.5
Tu ko phi c trang b cc h thng ngn vic ko ngang qua mn ca cc
dy ko.
33
CHNG 5
THIT B V DNG C KO
5.1 Qui nh chung

5.1.1
Tt c cc thit b ko trn tu ko phi c thit k theo cc tiu chun c
cng nhn cn c vo cng sut ca my y chnh. Cc Giy chng nhn hoc h s lin
quan phi c lu trn tu.
5.1.2
Thit b ko trn tu c ko phi c thit k theo cc tiu chun c cng
nhn cn c vo kch thc, cc trang b trn , s lng hng ha c ch, mi

trng ko v ti ln nht c th xy ra.
5.1.3
Cc Giy chng nhn th dng c ko nh l dy ko, dy ko d tr v s c, dy
ko trung gian ngn, cp ko a im/ xch ko a im, tm lin kt ba mt, ma n, vng

ko v.v phi c trnh xem xt.
5.1.4
Bn tnh bn ca cc im ko trn i tng c ko, v d nh tm mt ko hoc
ct ko, x ma lun dy hoc cc dng c tng t khc v c bn tnh bn ca cc kt

cu phi c trnh xem xt.
5.2 Ti ko
5.2.1
Sc cng ca lp dy ko ngoi cng trn tang trng ca ti ko c chn phi
bng hoc ln hn lc ko ti mc ca tu ko. bn, kch thc ca ti ko, bao gm

cc b phi c kh nng chu c ti ko t ca dy ko chnh tc dng ln v tr cao
nht ca boong m khng gy ra bin dng vnh vin.
5.2.2
Phanh ca ti ko phi c chn theo cc tiu chun c cng nhn. Ni chung,
kh nng gi ca phanh trong iu kin tnh phi c ly bng 1,1 ln ti ko t ca dy

ko.
5.2.3
Ngoi h thng phanh chnh ca ti, phi trang b h thng phanh khn cp m kh
nng gi lp dy ko trong cng trn tang trng bng t nht hai ln lc ko tnh ti mc
ca tu ko, m khng cn dng n ngun in thng thng ca ti dng cho hot ng
ko ca tu ko.
5.2.4
Trn nhng tu ko c ng mi m hot ng vng bin khng hn ch th ti
nn c trang b thit b o ch bo lc cng ca dy ko. Thit b ch bo phi c kh

nng ghi, ti thiu phi ghi c lc cng trung bnh v gi tr lc cng nh, ng thi phi
bo ng qu ti v ch ra chiu di c nh ra ca dy ko, tt c cc thng tin ni trn
u phi c hin th trn bung li.
34
5.2.5
Ti phi c thit k sao cho tang trng c th nh trong tnh hung khn cp t
bung li khi m ang phanh, ko mnh hoc ang thu hi. Chc nng nh khn cp
phi c th hot ng trong mi trng thi, ngay c trong tnh hung mt ngun cp in
thng. tr ln nht t lc kch hot chc nng nh n lc tang trng c nh ra l
10s.
5.2.6
Ti phi c thit k theo kiu lc cng khng i mt cch t ng, sao cho phanh
khng mt tc dng trong tnh hung nh khn cp dy ko v phi m bo l ti hot

ng vi lc cng c thit lp trc.
5.2.7
Ngun cp in chnh cho ti phi c thit k theo kiu an ton sao cho phanh
khng b ngt hon ton khi dy ko hoc dy ko khn cp c nh hoc ngun in b

mt.
5.2.8
Khi ti phanh th phi ngn khng cho dy cp b tht cht tc thi v lm git dy
ko.
5.2.9
Lin kt gia on cui ca dy ko vi ti ko khng c qu chc chn, lc lin
kt khng c nh hn 98 kN, nhng m khng c ln hn 15% ti ko t ca dy

ko, nh dy ko c th c nh mt cch nh nhng trong tnh hung s c.
5.2.10
Lp dy ko trong cng trn tang trng ca ti phi c kh nng qun t nht 50 m
hoc phi c duy tr lc ma st c th ko bng cc phng php khc, v phi

chiu di dy nh ra khi hot ng ca ti gp s c nhm chng li vic trt ca
dy.
5.2.11
Ti ko phi c cc phng tin cun dy ln tang trng mt cch hu hiu.
5.2.12
Ti ko thy lc phi c van x p m bo p lc lm vic khng vt qu gi tr
nh mc.
5.3 Thit b v dng c ko
5.3.1
Yu cu v bn ca dy ko v cc thit b ko khc:
1 Dy ko chnh v dy ko d tr phi l cp thp v ti ko t nh nht phi c xc

nh da trn lc ko ti mc (BP) ca tu ko v mi trng ko nh trong Bng 5.3.8.
i vi cc hot ng ko c tin hnh trong vng kh hu n ha v thi gian ko nh
hn 24 gi th c th dng cp polyamide lm dy ko chnh vi ti ko t nh nht phi
bng 1,37 ln cp thp. Nu dng cp si tng hp lm dy ko chnh th ti ko t nh
nht phi bng 1,25 ln cp thp;
35
2 Vi cc tu ko m c thi gian ko ln hn 72h th phi c gng cun dy ko chnh v
dy ko d tr ln cc tang trng c lp. Nu khng thc hin c iu ny, dy ko d
tr phi c ct mt v tr m ti n c th c chuyn ti tang trng ca dy ko
chnh mt cch an ton v thun tin. i vi hnh trnh ko m c thi gian di hn ba
tun vng bin khng hn ch th nn trang b thm mt dy ko d tr b sung, n phi
c b tr trn tang trng th hai ca ti hoc l trn tang trng ca dy ko d tr th
nht sao cho khng lm hng dy ko. Khi ko hai i tng, trong hai dy ko (dy
ko chnh v dy ko d tr) c lin kt mt cch c lp th phi trang b thm mt dy
ko d tr b sung v b tr nh ni trn;
3 Kh nng ca thit b ko d tr phi ging thit b ko chnh;
4 Ti ko t nh nht ca tt c cc chi tit lin kt, v d nh ma n, vng ko, tm lin kt
ba mt v.v phi khng nh hn 1,5 ln ti ko t nh nht ca dy ko ang c s
dng;
5 Cc chi tit lin kt, v d nh mc ko, ma n, vng ko, tm lin kt ba mt phi c Giy
chng nhn th, ti th phi c ly nh sau:
Ti th = 2,0 x BP (kN) nu BP < 392 kN;
Ti th = 1,0 x BP + 392 (kN) nu BP 392 kN.
5.3.2
Ma n phi l kiu c bu lng vi ai c v cht ch;
5.3.3
Mt lin kt hoc vng lt u dy ko v u cp ko a im/ xch ko a im
khng c php bn bng tay m phi s dng kiu mt c bc km hoc cc lin kt

c kh khc. Phi s dng vng lt c gia cng hoc cc bin php tng ng khc
cho mt lin kt cc u ca dy ko.
5.3.4
Dy ko, dy ko trung gian ngn, v cp ko a im/ xch ko a im lm bng
thp phi c bi trn tt. bn ko ca mi cp ko a im/ xch ko a im phi

khng c nh hn dy ko chnh.
5.3.5
Nu thi gian ko ln hn 72 gi th phi s dng dy ko trung gian ngn thng c
chiu di t 10 n 30 mt vi mc ch k thut l ni tu ko vi i tng c ko. C

th s dng dy ko trung gian di hn trong cc trng hp c bit. bn ko nh
nht ca dy ko trung gian ngn phi tng ng vi dy ko chnh v mt lin kt
cc u ca dy ko trung gian ngn phi tha mn cc yu cu 5.3.3. Nu s dng dy
ko trung gian bng cp si th ti ko t phi tha mn cc yu cu sau:
1 2.0 ln ti ko t ca dy ko nu tu ko c BP < 491 kN;
36
2 1,5 ln ti ko t ca dy ko nu tu ko c BP > 981 kN;
3 Vi tu ko c BP t 491 n 981 kN th ni suy bc nht gia 1,5 v 2.
5.3.6
Phi s dng ti trong qu trnh ko trn bin. Mc ko thng khng c s dng
tr nhng hnh trnh ngn gn b v trong vng nc c che chn.

5.3.7
Ni chung phi c bin php chng try thch hp cho cc dng c ko trong khu vc
d b try, v d nh l s dng xch chng try. Xch chng try phi ko di t nht l 3
mt ra khi x ma tnh t im ko v phi c cc mt c ngng.
5.3.8
Cc thit b ko phi c trang b khng thp hn cc yu cu Bng 5.3-8. Ngoi
tr nhng trng hp khng th thc hin c th phi trang b ph tng d tr cho

tu ko to ra mt b hon chnh trang thit b ko d tr.
5.3.9
Tt c cc cp thp c s dng u phi c cch b tr ging nhau.
5.3.10
i tng c ko phi c cc im ko (tm ko hoc ct ko) vi bn da
trn lc ko yu cu v tuyn ko d kin sao cho m bo ko an ton trong iu kin

mi trng d kin. Phi trang b tm mt ko d tr hoc ct ko d tr trn i tng
c ko.
1 bn ko ti hn ca im ko, v d tm mt ko hoc ct ko v cc kt cu thn
tu phi c kh nng chu ti bng t nht 1,3 ln ti ko t nh nht ca dy ko chnh
m c xc nh bi lc ko ti mc theo yu cu;
2 bn ko ti hn ca im ko s c t nht phi ln hn ti ko t ca dy ko chnh.
5.3.11
Cc im ko (tm mt ko v ct ko) phi c b tr trong khu vc m c cu
c gia cng, v d nh giao im gia vch ngang v dc hoc cc im nt c

bn ph hp bn di boong, v nu cn thit th phi tin hnh gia cng thch hp cc
kt cu . Tm mt ko phi l kiu nh nhanh v x ma phi c thit k sao cho ph
hp vi xch chng try.
5.3.12
Phi gi khong cch thch hp gia im ko hoc tm mt ko vi l lun dy
hoc x ma sao cho vic vn hnh cc thit b ko c thun tin.

5.3.13
Nu trong qu trnh ko m d nh s dng li cp ko a im th phi trang b h
thng thu hi, mt u ca dy thu hi phi kt ni vi vng dnh ring trn tm mt ko

bng ma n v u cn li phi c c nh trn ti ca i tng c ko. Thit b thu
hi phi m bo thu hi c cp ko a im/ xch ko a im, vi ti ko t khng
37
nh hn ba ln khi lng ca cp ko a im/ xch ko a im v ti ko t nh nht
khng nh hn 196 kN.
Bng 5.3.8 nh mc trang b thit b ko
72
24 ~ 72 (1)
24 (1)
phi trang b
phi trang b
phi trang b (2)
Tang trng
Dy ko chnh
Dy ko d tr (3)
Ti ko t nh nht (MBL)
BP > 883 kN
2,0 x BP
2,0 x BP
2,0 x BP
392 BP 883 kN
(3,8-BP/491) x BP
2,0 x BP
2,0 x BP
BP < 392 kN
3,0 x BP
2,0 x BP
2,0 x BP
BP/MBL x 1800
BP/MBL x 1200
BP/MBL x 1200
Chiu di nh nht ca dy
ko chnh (m)
650
500
500
Dy ko trung gian ngn (4)
7x2
S gi ko (gi)
Ti ko
Chiu di dy ko chnh
(m)
Tm lin kt ba mt
(4)
Cp ko a im/ xch ko
a im (4)
Ma n (4)
Ch thch:
(1) Trng hp ny quy nh ko trong vng thi tit n ha, trong cc trng hp khc phi trang b
(2)
(3)
(4)
theo yu cu i vi hot ng ko c thi gian trn 72 gi;

Ti phi c s dng i vi hot ng ko trn bin. Ni chung, khng c s dng mc ko
ngoi tr nhng hnh trnh ngn vng bin gn b v trong vng nc c che chn;
Phi trang b mt cp polyamide i vi hot ng ko c thi gian khng qu 24 gi, v ti ko
t nh nht ca n phi ph hp vi lc ko ti mc, chiu di khng c nh hn 200 m;
L thit b khng bt buc. Phi trang b dy ko trung gian ngn ph hp vi yu cu v lin kt
gia dy ko v tm lin kt ba mt. Tm lin kt ba mt, cp ko a im/ xch ko a im v
ma n phi c trang b ph hp vi i tng c ko.
38
B tr thit b thu hi c ch ra trong Hnh 5.3.13.
Hnh 5.3.13
5.3.14
B tr h thng thu hi cp ko a im/ xch ko a im
kt ni c vi tu ko mt cch nhanh chng v tin cy trong tnh hung s c,
phi trang b mt dy ko s c trn i tng c ko khng c ngi trc. Mt u ca

dy c lin kt vi im ko s c v u cn li ni vi dy dn hng c chiu di v
bn thch hp, u cn li ca dy dn hng ni vi mt phao c mu ti c sc
ni ph hp.
5.3.15
Ni chung, phi s dng vt liu si tng hp c sc ni cho dy dn hng ca dy
ko s c. Chiu di dy dn hng khng c nh hn chiu di tu v ti ko t

khng c nh hn 294 kN.
5.3.16
Dy ko s c v dy dn hng phi c a ra ngoi mn gi v c buc vi
mn gi hoc thanh lan can ti cc v tr c khong cch thch hp. Khong cch gia i
tng c ko v phao khng c nh hn 50 mt. Nt buc dy ko s c c th
c ci ra mt cch nhanh chng. Nu cn thit, phi trang b mt dy ni di b sung
gia dy ko s c v dy ni.
39
B tr ca dy ko s c c ch ra trong Hnh 5.3.16.
Hnh 5.3.16
B tr dy ko s c trn i tng c ko
khng c ngi trc
40
III
1.1
QUY NH V QUN L
Quy nh v gim st k thut

Cc hot ng ko trn bin thuc phm vi nh nu 1.1.1 Mc I phi c ng kim
thm nh, kim tra, chng nhn ph hp vi cc yu cu ca Quy chun ny.
1.2 Kim tra, th nghim

1.2.1
Phi tin hnh kim tra v th nh sau i vi i tng c ko:
1 Kim tra xc nhn tnh hiu lc ca cc giy chng nhn (nu c) v h s, ti liu c lin
quan ca i tng c ko, nh nu 1.2.1-1 Mc II ca Quy chun;
2 Kim tra xc nhn bn kt cu v n nh ca i tng c ko ph hp vi hnh
trnh ko d kin v cc h s c thm nh;
3 Kim tra v th i vi cc sa cha tm thi hoc cc phng n gia cng ko;
4 Phi kim tra ti v b tr chng buc i vi cc i tng c ko m d nh xp ti,
v n phi tha mn cc yu cu ca tnh ton bn khi xp ti v ca thit b chng
buc. Thit b chng gi phi hot ng tin cy;
5 Phi tin hnh kim tra v th i vi cc bin php an ton chng ngp, phng tin
thot nc v ca thot nc mn, thit b neo v chng buc, phng php c nh bnh
li v chn vt, n hnh trnh v vt hiu, b tr ln xung cng nh l cc thit b ko bao
gm im ko (tm mt ko hoc ct ko v.v) v x ma lun dy;
6 xc nhn phng tin gia cng tm thi ca ct ko v tm mt ko ph hp vi cc
quy nh c lin quan trong cht lng thit k v ng;
7 Nu ng kim vin nghi ng v s ph hp ko v tnh n nh hng ca i tng
c ko c hnh dng c bit th c th yu cu th ko kim tra li v phi iu
chnh K hoch ko ph hp vi kt qu th;
8 Phi kim tra v xc nhn s ph hp ca i tng c ko c ngi trc trong hot
ng ko vi cc yu cu 2.10 ca Chng 2;
9 xc nhn rng dy ko d tr c trang b, b tr v lin kt ng theo cch thng
thng;
10 kim tra trng thi k thut ca thit b v dng c ko ph hp vi cc quy nh lin
quan. Nu cn thit, phi kim tra kt cu ca xch chng try dng lin kt vi cp ko
a im.
41
1.2.2
Phi tin hnh kim tra v th nh sau i vi tu ko:
1 xc nhn s ph hp v tnh hiu lc ca Giy chng nhn trn tu ko;

2 xc nhn cc h s v thng tin k thut tng ng v K hoch ko l ph hp vi
hot ng ko d kin;
3 xc nhn dng c ko trang b trn tu ko c cc Giy chng nhn v ph hp vi
hot ng ko d kin;
4 Phi kim tra v th h thng vn hnh v h thng phanh ca ti ko;
5 Phi kim tra v th dy ko, x ma lun dy v.v, v nu c th th bao gm c cp ko
a im, ma n, tm lin kt ba mt v dy ko trung gian ngn.
6 Phi kim tra vic bo v chng h hi i vi cc phn c tnh mi mn ca dy ko;
7 kim tra khi mc ko v h thng nh s c nu mc ko c s dng trong hot
ng ko.
1.2.3
Cn c vo kt qu kim tra tha mn ca tu ko v i tng c ko, phi cp
Giy chng nhn ph hp ko v cc bin bn kim tra c lin quan.

1.3
Chng nhn
1.3.1
ng kim s cp Giy chng nhn ph hp cho hot ng ko theo mu 5 ca Ph

lc F v Giy chng nhn th lc ko ti mc theo mu 6 ca Ph lc F hon thnh
vic kim tra h s, ti liu nh nu 1.2.1-1 Mc II ca Quy chun v sau khi kt
thc cc cng vic kim tra nu 1.2 trn.
1.3.2
Thi hn c hiu lc ca Giy chng nhn ph hp cho hot ng ko thng t

cng (a im) i n cng (a im) n cui cng ca hnh trnh ko, v phi
c ghi trn Giy chng nhn ph hp cho hot ng ko. Thi hn ny c xc
nh ph hp vi hnh trnh ko.
1.4
Th tc kim tra, chng nhn
1.4.1
Th tc cp Thng bo thm nh h s thit k hot ng ko
Trnh t thc hin

(1) C s thit k hon thin h s theo quy nh v np h s cho Cc ng kim Vit
Nam;
(2) Cc ng kim Vit Nam tip nhn h s, kim tra thnh phn h s: nu h s
cha y thnh phn theo quy nh th tr li bng vn bn hng dn C s thit
k hon thin li, thi gian trong vng 01 ngy lm vic, k t ngy tip nhn h s;
nu h s y thnh phn theo quy nh th vit Giy hn thi gian tr kt qu;
42
(3) Cc ng kim Vit Nam thc hin thm nh h s: nu h s cha t yu cu th
trong thi hn 20 ngy lm vic, k t ngy nhn c h s phi tr li bng vn
bn cho C s thit k b sung, sa i; nu h s t yu cu th cp Thng bo
thm nh h s h s thit k km theo h s, ti liu c xc nhn.
2
Cch thc thc hin

C s thit k np h s v nhn kt qu trc tip ti tr s Cc ng kim Vit Nam
hoc qua h thng bu chnh hoc qua Fax, Email.
Quy nh v thnh phn h s

(1) Thnh phn h s bao gm: 01 giy ngh thm nh h s thit k theo mu 1 ca
Ph lc F ca Quy chun ny v 03 h s thit k (bn chnh).
(2) S lng h s: 01 b.
Thi hn gii quyt:

Thi gian kim tra h s v cp Thng bo thm nh h s thit k trong thi hn 20
ngy lm vic, k t ngy nhn h s theo quy nh. Trng hp h s phc tp, thi
gian kim tra c th ko di, C quan ng kim s tha thun v thi gian kim tra vi
C s thit k.
C quan thc hin th tc hnh chnh: Cc ng kim Vit Nam.
Kt qu thc hin th tc hnh chnh: gm h s thit k c xc nhn v Thng bo

thm nh h s thit k.
Yu cu, iu kin kim tra h s

H s phi tho mn cc yu cu ca Quy chun ny.
Ph v l ph
Mc ph v l ph theo quy nh ca B Ti chnh v np trc tip hoc chuyn khon cho
c quan cp Giy chng nhn.
1.4.2
1
Th tc cp Giy chng nhn th lc ko ti mc, Giy chng nhn ph hp

cho hot ng ko
Trnh t thc hin

(1) T chc, c nhn hon thin h s theo quy nh v np h s cho Cc ng kim
Vit Nam;
(2) Cc ng kim Vit Nam tip nhn h s, kim tra thnh phn h s: nu h s
cha y thnh phn theo quy nh th tr li bng vn bn hng dn t chc, c
nhn hon thin li, thi gian trong vng 01 ngy lm vic, k t ngy tip nhn h
s; nu h s y thnh phn theo quy nh th tin hnh kim tra theo a im
v thi gian do t chc, c nhn yu cu;
(3) Cc ng kim Vit Nam thc hin kim tra: nu kt qu kim tra cha t yu cu
th tr li bng vn bn cho t chc, c nhn hon thin; nu kt qu kim tra t
yu cu th tin hnh cp Giy chng nhn th lc ko ti mc (nu c yu cu) theo
mu 6 ca Ph lc F, Giy chng nhn ph hp cho hot ng ko trn theo mu 5
ca Ph lc F ca Quy chun ny.
Cch thc thc hin

(1) T chc, c nhn np h s trc tip ti Cc ng kim Vit Nam hoc qua h thng
bu chnh hoc qua Fax, Email.
43
(2) T chc, c nhn nhn kt qu qua h thng bu chnh hoc trc tip ti Cc ng
kim Vit Nam thc hin kim tra.
3
Quy nh v h s
(1)
Thnh phn h s:
Giy ngh kim tra theo mu 2 ca Ph lc F (bn chnh hoc bn sao chp trong
trng hp h s np qua fax hoc email);
(2) S lng h s: 01 b.
4
Thi hn gii quyt

Giy chng nhn th lc ko ti mc v Giy chng nhn ph hp cho hot ng ko
c cp trong vng 01 ngy lm vic, k t khi hon thnh kim tra.
C quan thc hin: Cc ng kim Vit Nam.
Kt qu thc hin th tc hnh chnh bao gm: Giy chng nhn th lc ko ti mc v

Giy chng nhn ph hp cho hot ng ko.
Yu cu, iu kin kim tra

Hot ng ko phi tha mn cc yu cu ca Quy chun ny.
Ph v l ph
Mc ph v l ph theo quy nh ca B Ti chnh v np trc tip hoc chuyn khon cho
c quan cp giy chng nhn.
44
IV
TRCH NHIM CA CC T CHC, C NHN
1.1 Trch nhim ca ch tu

1.1.1
Thit lp s t chc ch r nhim v v trch nhim lin quan trc khi cng vic
ko bt u.
1.1.2
B tr ngi ch huy ko c nng lc ph hp cho hot ng ko.
1.1.3
Ngi ch huy ko phi tun th cc yu cu lin quan trong Quy chun ny v cc
quy nh lin quan khc v an ton v bo v mi trng trong qu trnh ko, m bo

vic thc hin cc bin php an ton cn thit.
1.1.4
Thc hin y cc quy nh v ng kim v duy tr trng thi lm vic tt ca cc
trang thit b phc v hot ng ko bin nu trong Quy chun ny.

1.1.5
Thng bo cho ng kim thm nh li khi c bt k thay i hoc chnh sa no
lin quan n K hoch ko hoc iu kin ko.

1.1.6
Thc hin cc quy nh lin quan nu Mc V ca Quy chun.
1.2 Trch nhim ca cc c s thit k

1.2.1
Thit k phi tha mn cc quy nh ca Quy chun ny.
1.2.2
Cung cp y khi lng h s thit k theo yu cu v trnh thm nh h s
thit k theo quy nh ca Quy chun ny.

1.3 Trch nhim ca Cc ng kim Vit Nam
1.3.1
Thm nh h s thit k v kim tra, cp Giy chng nhn th lc ko ti mc, Giy
chng nhn ph hp cho hot ng ko theo cc quy nh ca Quy chun ny.

1.3.2
Hng dn thc hin cc quy nh ca Quy chun ny i vi cc c s thit k; cc
ch tu; cc n v ng kim thuc h thng ng kim Vit Nam trong phm vi c nc

v cc c nhn c lin quan n hot ng ko trn bin.
1.3.3
T chc in n, ph bin, tuyn truyn cho cc t chc v c nhn c lin quan thc
hin p dng Quy chun ny.

1.3.4
Cn c yu cu thc t, Cc ng kim Vit Nam c trch nhim ngh B Giao
thng vn ti sa i, b sung Quy chun ny khi cn thit hoc theo thi hn quy nh
ca Lut Tiu chun v Quy chun k thut.
45
1.4 Kim tra thc hin ca B Giao thng vn ti
B Giao thng vn ti c trch nhim nh k hoc t xut kim tra vic tun th Quy
chun ny ca cc n v c hot ng lin quan.
46
T CHC THC HIN
1.1
p dng Quy chun
1.1.1
Trong trng hp c s khc nhau gia quy nh ca Quy chun ny vi quy nh
ca quy phm, tiu chun v quy chun k thut khc lin quan n hot ng ko trn
bin th p dng quy nh ca Quy chun ny.
1.1.2
Khi c cc vn bn ti liu c vin dn trong quy chun ny c s thay i, b
sung hoc thay th th thc hin theo quy nh trong vn bn mi.

1.2
Cc iu kin ko trn bin
1.2.1
Trong qu trnh ko trn bin, cc yu cu lin quan v cp tu ca ng kim i
vi i tng c ko phi ph hp vi cc yu cu thch hp 2.2 Chng 2 Phn

1A Mc II ca QCVN 21: 2010/BGTVT.
1.2.2
Trong trng hp ng kim vin nghi ng v s ph hp ca hot ng ko thng
thng hoc thy rng n nm ngoi kinh nghim hoc khng tun theo cc quy trnh
bnh thng, th phi yu cu i tng c ko hoc ngi iu hnh hot ng ko
cung cp bn bo co nh gi v s ph hp ca hot ng ko i vi i tng c
ko do t chc thm nh h s c y quyn cp.
1.2.3
Trong trng hp kim tra hot ng ko m trong i tng c ko ch hng
trn boong hoc l b tr chng buc cc thit b, th phi trnh thng tin v b tr chng
buc trn bin, tnh ton bn chng buc v vic trang b cc thit b kim tra.
1.2.4
Phi c Giy chng nhn ph hp cho hot ng ko cng vi bn bo co kim tra
ca ng kim. Trong trng hp khng c thng tin v bn v n nh, Ch tu phi

b sung v trnh bn nh gi v s ph hp ko kim tra.
1.2.5
Phi c bn K hoch ko v Hng dn ko (nu c). Bn sao ca chng phi c
lu trn tu v c Ch tu gi.
1.2.6
Phi c Giy chng nhn ph hp ko v Bin bn kim tra ko trn bin do ng
kim cp.
1.2.7
Thuyn vin ca tu ko phi c Giy chng nhn o to v ko trn bin hoc
chng nhn tng ng ph hp vi vic vn hnh ko trn bin.

1.2.8
Hot ng ko trn bin phi c tin hnh trong iu kin bin v thi tit xc nh
t trc, iu kin mi trng theo thit k ca tu ko phi cao hn cc iu kin v
47
bn ko c chng nhn v n nh ca i tng c ko phi khng c thp
hn cc iu kin .
1.2.9
Hot ng ko trn bin phi c tin hnh theo l trnh c thm nh trong
bn K hoch ko v Hng dn ko.

1.2.10
Tu ko phi c Giy chng nhn an ton ph hp vi ton b cc vng nm trn l
trnh ko.
1.3 Qun l hot ng ko
1.3.1
Trong sut qu trnh ko, ngi ch huy ko hoc thuyn trng tu ko phi c cc
bin php m bo tha mn tng yu cu ca K hoch ko.

1.3.2
Trong qu trnh ko, nu xy ra tnh hung c bit v khng th lm theo cc quy
nh trong K hoch ko ban u th ngi ch huy ko hoc thuyn trng tu ko phi c

cc bin php thay i K hoch ko ph hp vi tnh hung c bit da trn kinh
nghim hng hi ca mnh. Bt c s thay i no lin quan n K hoch ko phi ngay
lp tc thng bo n Ch tu hoc c s thit k v ng kim.
1.3.3
Khi ngi ch huy ko hoc thuyn trng tu ko la chn hnh trnh hoc tuyn
ng gn b bin hoc vng nc nng, tu ko phi i vo vng nc an ton vi mt

tc thch hp hoc gi khong cch cng xa cng tt vi b bin hoc vng nc nng
trong iu kin dng thy triu v thi tit c xc nh t trc.
1.3.4
i vi i tng c ko khng c ngi trc trong khi ko, ngi ch huy ko
hoc thuyn trng tu ko phi c ngi ln i tng c ko kim tra v lp bin

bn tng ng.
1.3.5
Ngi ch huy ko hoc thuyn trng tu ko phi chu trch nhim vic thc hin
hot ng ko cng nh l vic thay i tuyn ng v tc do thi tit xu, bao gm

c vic tr n, tip nhin liu hoc b sung d tr v.v m bo an ton ca on ko,
ngi ch huy ko c quyn thc hin cc bin php mang tnh hp l v cc bin php
khn cp cn thit. Trch nhim chnh ca ngi ch huy ko l phi m bo an ton v
ngi v thit b (bao gm c i tng c ko).
1.3.6
Trong trng hp i tng c ko c nguy c gy ra nguy him i vi hnh hi,
cng trnh bin hoc l ng b bin do vic tri git hoc do cc nguyn nhn khc,
ngi ch huy ko hoc thuyn trng tu ko phi c cc bin php phng nga h hi
48
v s dng tt c cc phng tin thng tin ti cc tu trong vng ln cn, v cng
thng tin ti Chnh quyn hnh chnh ti im u tin trn b m c th lin lc c.
1.3.7
i tng c ko phi c cc Giy chng nhn lin quan hoc cc bin bn ph
hp vi l trnh ko. i vi i tng c ko ngng hot ng trong mt thi gian

di, b thi loi hoc i vi cc i tng khc nh l thng ln, tu no vt kiu cuc
ht, cc kt cu tng t v.v th c th thay th Giy chng nhn hoc bin bn nu trn
bng mt h s hoc bin bn nh gi thch hp, phi c bin php gia cng tm thi
trong qu trnh ko hoc tin hnh sa cha tm thi cc h hng trn bin.
49
Ph lc A
1
1.1
Yu cu bn ca c cu v c cu chng buc
Qui nh chung
Nu i tng c ko l tu bin vi t l kch thc thng thng, lc chng buc
v c nh phi c tnh ton theo cc yu cu i vi thit b chng buc cho cng
ten n.
1.2
Nu i tng c ko l s lan, tu k thut hoc cc cu trc ni khc, lc chng

buc v c nh phi c tnh ton nh phng php xp x - 2.
1.3
Cch tnh ton lc chng buc v c nh ni trn c da trn phn tch chuyn
ng khi hng hi, cng c th s dng phng php th m hnh.
1.4
C th chp nhn tiu chun chuyn ng mc nh c khuyn co - 3 i vi cc

tnh ton khng da vo phn tch chuyn ng hoc khng da vo th m hnh.
1.5
Nu thi gian ko d kin (da vo qung ng ko, tc trung bnh) nh hn

khong thi gian trong iu kin thi tit c th c d bo mt cch tin cy, hoc
nu hot ng ko c tin hnh trong mt vng bin c th c mt bin lng sng
hoc l trong mt ma c th, th khi c th cho php s dng ti trng sinh ra do
chuyn ng ca tu t qu trnh phn tch kh nng i bin v phn tch gi tnh ca
tu bng nhng phn mm c cng nhn vi iu kin bin xu nht m tu c th
gp.
1.6
Vic tnh ton bn cho thit b chng buc c tin hnh theo phng php xp x nu
- 4. Nu chng buc i xng tri-phi hoc mi-ui th c th ch cn tnh ton cho
mt pha, nu khng, phi tnh ton cho tng pha ring bit.
2
2.1
Tnh ton lc tc dng ln hng ha ch trn tu (i tng) c ko

Lc tc dng theo hng ngang tu
Lc tc dng ln hng ha theo hng ngang tu Fy v song song vi mt boong phi
c tnh theo cng thc sau:
Fy = MA y + Fq + Fw
(kN)
Trong :
M :
Khi lng ca hng ha (tn);
Ay :
Gia tc theo hng ngang tu (m/s2);
Fq :
Lc do gi (kN), tnh theo din tch hng gi ca hng ha da trn tiu

chun sau:
50
1,00 (kN/m2) i vi vng hot ng khng hn ch v khu vc dch v du

kh;
2
0,85 (kN/m ) i vi vng bin gn b;

0,70 (kN/m2) i vi vng nc c che chn.
Fw :
Xung lc do nc bin tt (kN), ch tnh cho phn mt chiu ca hng ha c

chiu cao di 2 m so vi boong mn kh v p dng cc tiu chun sau:
1,00 (kN/m2) i vi vng hot ng khng hn ch v khu vc dch v du
kh;
2
0,70 (kN/m ) i vi vng bin gn b;

0,50 (kN/m2) i vi vng nc c che chn.
Ay :
Gia tc theo hng ngang tu, c tnh nh sau:
A y = r .cos .
0 2
+ g.sin 0
180 T
(m/s2)
Trong :
r :
Khong cch t trng tm khi hng n tm xoay gi nh trn ng

nc, tnh bng (m), nh trong Hnh 2.1;
Gc ch ra trong Hnh 2.1;
0 :
Gc lc ngang ln nht, tnh bng , ni chung c ly bng 15 vi cc

i tng ni;
T :
T =
Chu k lc ngang, tnh bng (s), ly nh sau:
1,1.B
GM
Trong :
GM :
B
Chiu cao tm nghing ban u, tnh bng (m);

Chiu rng ca tu (m). Nu khng c gi tr GM c th ca i
tng c ko, c th tnh ton xp x nh sau:
T = 1,7 B + 20 , nhng khng ln hn 10 s;

g
Gia tc trng trng, ly bng 9,81 m/s2.
51
Hnh 2.1 M t lc tc dng ln khi hng ha theo hng ngang tu

2.2
Lc tc dng theo hng dc tu

Lc tc dng ln khi hng ha theo hng dc tu Fx v song song vi boong c
tnh nh sau:
Fx = MA x + Fq + Fw
(kN)
Trong :
M :
Khi lng ca hng ha (tn);
Fq v Fw (kN), c tnh ton nh 2.1 ph thuc vo din tch mt chiu ca khi

hng ha ln mt phng gia tu;
Gia tc theo hng dc tu (m/s2), c tnh nh sau:
Ax :
A x = r .cos .
0 2
+ g.sin 0
180 T
(m/s2)
Trong :
r
Khong cch t trng tm khi hng n tm xoay gi nh trn ng

nc, tnh bng (m), nh trong Hnh 2.2;
Gc ch ra trong Hnh 2.2;
Gc lc dc ln nht, tnh bng (), ni chung c ly bng 5 vi cc i

tng ni;
Chu k lc dc, tnh bng (s), c th ly bng 10 s nu khng c s liu chi

tit;
Ly nh 2.1.
52
Hnh 2.2 M t lc tc dng ln khi hng ha theo hng dc tu

2.3
Lc tc dng theo hng vung gc vi boong

Lc tc dng ln khi hng ha hoc ln c cu gia cng boong theo hng vung
gc vi boong Fz c tnh nh sau:
Fz = M ( g a )
(kN)
Trong :
M, g
c ly nh 2.1;
Gia tc ng, tnh bng (m/s2), ly nh sau:

a = 3,75e0,0033L , nhng khng cn thit ly ln hn 3 m/s2;
e : l hng s, e = 2.718;
L
Chiu di tu, tnh bng (m).
Ch :
Fz ( + ) = M ( g + a ) ly i vi lc tc dng ln c cu gia cng boong;

Fz ( ) = M ( g a ) ly i vi lc tc dng ln c cu chng buc.
3
3.1
Tiu chun chuyn ng mc nh
Nu khng c nghin cu v chuyn ng hoc khng th m hnh th i vi nh

dng tnh ton tiu chun v ph thuc vo quy trnh tha ng trong hnh hi, c th
chp nhn cc tiu chun v chuyn ng di y :
53
Bng 3.1
Vng hot ng
Khng hn ch
Trng
hp
LOA
(m)
(1)
B
(m)
Lc
ngang
Lc
dc
Bin n
Gia tc
ln
xung
Khng p
dng
< 0,9
10
20
10
0,2g
> 76 v > 23
Khng p
dng
Bt k
10
20
12,5
0,2g
76 hoc 23
2,5
15
0,2g
5
6
76 hoc 23
Bt k
Bt k
Bt k
10
Bt k
vng nc c
che chn (xem
3.2.6). Nu L/B <
1,4, dng trng
hp khng hn ch
11
Bt k
Cc chn c kch
ln c lp, ko bin
trn chnh thn gin
12
Khn
g p
dng
Cc chn c kch
ln c lp, ko 24
gi hoc di chuyn
ti ch
13
Cc chn c kch
ln theo kiu "Nattype", ko bin trn
chnh thn gin
Cc chn c kch
ln theo kiu "Nattype", ko 24 gi
hoc di chuyn ti
ch
Ghi ch (1):
H s
bo
> 140 v > 30
Hot ng b hn
ch nhng vng
kh hu n ha trong
thi gian < 24 gi
(xem 3.2.5). Nu L/B
< 1,4, dng trng
hp khng hn ch
L/B (1)
Chu k
ca c
chu
trnh
(s)
Hot ng b hn
ch nhng vng
kh hu khng n
ha trong thi gian <
24 gi (xem 3.2.4).
Nu L/B < 1,4, dng
trng hp khng
hn ch
Tiu chun chuyn ng mc nh
< 2,5
< 0,9
0,9
< 0,9
0,9
2,5
10
10
30
25
30
30
25
25
0,2g
Bt k
10
10
0,1g
Bt k
10
10
10
0,1g
Bt k
10
0,1g
Bt k
10
0,1g
1,4
Bt k
Tnh
> 23
< 1,4
Khng
p dng
10
20
20
0,0
Khn
g p
dng
> 23
< 1,4
Khng
p dng
10
10
10
0,0
14
Khn
g p
dng
> 23
< 1,4
Khng
p dng
13
16
16
0,0
15
Khn
g p
dng
> 23
< 1,4
Khng
p dng
13
0,0
< 2,5
1,4
2,5
< 2,5
1,4
Tng ng
vi 0,1g theo c
hai hng
B: Chiu rng l thuyt ln nht ti ng nc;

L: Chiu di ng nc;
H s bo: 0,9 l phn ct b gia cc thn c dng s lan (> 0,9) v cc thn c dng tu.
54
0,0
3.2
Cc tiu chun chuyn ng mc nh 3.1 ch c th c p dng theo cc gi thit

sau y:
3.2.1 Trc lc ngang v lc dc gi thit i qua tm ni.

3.2.2 Chuyn ng ln xung c gi thit song song vi trc ng ca h trc chung.
Chnh v vy, thnh phn ca chuyn ng ln xung m song song vi boong ti gc

lc ngang hoc lc dc ni trn s b sung thm vo lc gy ra bi thnh phn trng
lc tnh v gy ra bi gia tc lc ngang hoc lc dc.
3.2.3 Pha phi c gi thit, nh cc trng thi ti ring bit, l s kt hp xu nht ca:
- Lc ngang + ln xung;
- Lc dc + ln xung.
3.2.4 i vi trng hp 7 v 8 trong Bng 3.1, hnh trnh ko c bt u m p sut gi
khng qu cp 5 thang B pho, vi tnh hnh thi tit c d bo s tt hn trong 48

gi ti. Thi gian ko bao gm c nhng s c ngu nhin gp phi khng c qu
24 gi.
3.2.5 i vi trng hp 9 v 10 trong Bng 3.1, cc tiu chun nu trn c a ra nh l
hng dn chung cho hot ng ko s lan m c thi gian hnh trnh ngn v vn ti
bng tu thy. Tiu chun trong thc t phi tnh n c bn cht ca tu hoc s lan
v hng ha, tuyn hnh trnh, iu kin thi tit m hot ng ko c th gp phi, c
ni tr n v dch v d bo thi tit c s dng.
3.2.6 i vi trng hp 11 trong Bng 3.1, ti trng thit k theo mi hng phi c ly
l ln nht do:
- Ti tnh bng 0,1g song song vi mt boong; hoc
- Gc nghing tnh gy ra bi p lc gi thit k; hoc
- Gc nghing nguy him nht trong iu kin thng mt khoang.
4
Cn bng lc v m men
Phi tnh ton cn bng mt cch ring bit i vi cc bin php chng trt ngang,
lt ngang v trt dc.
4.1
Trt ngang
Cn bng trt ngang phi tha mn cng thc di y:
Fy Fz (-)+ CSi (sin+cossin )

55
Trong :
:
:
:
Fy
Fz(-)
CSi
Lc tc ng ngang tu (kN), tnh nh 2.1;

Lc vung gc vi boong (kN), tnh nh 2.3;
H s ma st, ly nh sau:
= 0,3
vi b mt tip xc thp-g hoc thp-cao su;
= 0,1
vi b mt tip xc thp-thp trong iu kin kh;
= 0,0
vi b mt tip xc thp-thp trong iu kin t.
Ti trng lm vic an ton ca c cu chng buc th i, kN, theo ti trng
ph hy ca c cu chng buc hoc ng sut chy ca vt liu, c xc
nh bng h s an ton trong Bng 4.1;
: Gc gia c cu chng buc th i vi ng nm ngang, tnh bng (), ch ra

trong Hnh 4.1;
: Gc gia c cu chng buc th i vi mt ct dc tu, tnh bng (), ch ra

trong Hnh 4.1.
Bng 4.1
Ti gii hn
Ti ph hy
H s an ton K
Vt liu ca c cu chng buc
H s K
Ma n, vng, hc trn boong, tng lm bng thp cc bon

thp
Cp si
4,5
Cp thp, gng bng thp (loi dng 1 ln)
Cp thp, gng bng thp (loi dng li)
Xch bng thp
ng sut chy
C cu hn bng thp (chu un v nn) (1)
1,5
C cu hn bng thp (chu ct)
2,6
Mi hn i u ngu hon ton (chu ko v nn)
1,5
Mi hn i u ngu hon ton (chu ct)
2,6
Mi hn gc (chu ko v nn)
2,2
Mi hn gc (chu ct)
2,6
Ghi ch (1): i vi kt cu bng thp hnh, khi tnh ton n nh nn, tiu chun s l
ng sut nn cho php ca kt cu .
Hnh 4.1 Tnh ton gc v
56
4.2
Lt ngang
Cn bng lt ngang phi tha mn cng thc di y:
Fy .a b.Fz (-)+ CSi .di

Trong :
Fy, Fz(-), CSi
quy nh nh 4.1;
a, b, di, tnh bng (m), ln lt l cnh tay n ca lc tc dng ngang tu Fy, lc tc

dng vung gc vi boong Fz(-) v ti lm vic an ton ca c cu chng buc th i
CSi chng lt quanh trc xoay, xem Hnh 4.2.
Hnh 4.2 Cc lc trong chng buc chng lt hng

4.3
Trt dc
Cn bng trt dc phi tha mn cng thc sau:
Fx .Fz (-)+ CSi . ( .sin + cos .sin )

Trong :
Fx :
Lc tc dng theo hng dc tu, kN, c tnh nh 2.2;
, Fz(-), CSi, , quy nh 4.1.
57
Ph lc B
1
Tnh ton sc cn khi ko trn bin
Tng sc cn ko RT c th c tnh bng cng thc kinh nghim di y:

RT = 1,15 R f + RB + (R ft + RBt )
(kN)
Trong :
Rf
Lc cn ma st ca tu c ko (kN);
RB
Lc cn d ca tu c ko (kN);
Rft
Lc cn ma st ca tu ko (kN);
RBt
Lc cn d ca tu ko (kN).
(1) Lc cn ca tu c ko hoc i tng c ko c th c xc nh bng cng

thc xp x sau:
Rf = 1,67A1V1,83 x10-3
(kN)
RB = 0,147 A 2 V1,74+0,15V
(kN)
Trong :
A1
Din tch mt t di ng nc ca tu hoc cu trc ni (m2);
Tc ko (m/s);
CB
H s bo th tch;
A2
Din tch phn ngm nc ca sn gia tu (m2).
Nu khng c s liu chi tit v din tch mt t A1 th c th tnh nh sau:
A1 = L (1,7d+ B ) (m2)
A1 = 0,92L (B+1,81d) (m2)
vi tu thng thng;
vi s lan, tu c thn hnh hp khng c nhy bc
mi v li;
A1 = L (B+2d) (m2)
vi tu c thn hnh hp v cc cng trnh mt nc

khc m c nhy bc mi v li.
Trong :
L, B, d, tnh bng (m), ln lt l chiu di, chiu rng, chiu chm khi ko ca tu;
CB l h s bo th tch.
(2) Cc d liu trong thit k i vi tu ko c th c dng tnh ton lc cn khi
ko Rft v RBt, nu khng c cc thng tin , c th s dng cng thc xp x (1)
bn trn tnh ton.
58
2
Vi gin hoc cc cng trnh b mt khc c din tch hng gi ln, lc cn khi ko
phi c tnh nh sau, ly gi tr no ln hn:
R = 0,7 (R
+ RB ) + Ra
(kN)
Trong :
Rf v RB nh nh ngha (1) bn trn;
Ra l lc cn ca khng kh, c tnh nh sau:
Ra = 0,5 V 2 CS A i10-3
(kN)
Trong :
T khi ring ca khng kh (kg/m3), ly bng 1,22 kg/m3;
V :
Tc ca gi, ly bng 20,6 m/s;
Ai :
Din tch hng gi (m2), ly theo chiu gi thi;
CS :
H s hng gi ca Ai, ly theo Bng 3.2.1-2 Chng 3 ca Quy chun

ny.
59
Ph lc C
Quy trnh th lc ko ti mc
Phi trnh ng kim chng trnh th c xut trc khi tin hnh th.
Trong qu trnh th lc ko ti mc (BP), my chnh phi vn hnh m men xon ln

nht do nh sn xut khuyn co ly theo cng sut lin tc ln nht. Phi yu cu xem
xt li cng sut ra thc t trong qu trnh th.
Trong qu trnh th lc ko qu ti, my chnh phi vn hnh cng sut cc i do nh

sn xut khuyn co m ch hot ng c th duy tr trong thi gian gian ti thiu l
30 pht. C th b qua vic th qu ti.
Cc chn vt s dng trong qu trnh th phi l cc chn vt s dng cho tu trong qu

trnh vn hnh bnh thng.
Tt c cc thit b ph nh l bm, my pht v cc thit b khc m c my chnh

hoc trc chn vt lai trong ch hot ng bnh thng ca tu th vn phi c kt
ni trong qu trnh th.
Chiu di ca dy ko khng c nh hn 300 m, c o t ui ca tu n ct th.

Tuy nhin, chiu di ti thiu ca dy ko khng c nh hn hai ln chiu di tu.
su nc ti a im th phi khng nh hn 20 m trong phm vi bn knh 100 m

quanh tu. Nu su nc ti a im th khng th t c 20 m th c th chp
nhn su ti thiu phi bng hai ln mn nc ln nht ca tu. Phi ch l vic
gim chiu su nc c th s nh hng bt li n kt qu th.
Phi tin hnh th trong trng thi lng chim nc ca tu ng vi trng thi bm y
dn v cc kt nhin liu ch cha mt na.
Tu phi khng chi hoc chi li khng qu 2% chiu di tu.
10 Tu phi c kh nng duy tr hot ng khng i trong thi gian khng nh hn 10 pht
trong khi ko nh quy nh -2 hoc -3 bn trn. Lc ko lin tc ti mc c chng

nhn l trung bnh ca cc gi tr c c trong thi gian 10 pht .
11 Phi tin hnh th trong iu kin vn tc gi khng qu 5 m/s.
12 Vn tc dng chy theo mi hng ti a im th khng c vt qu 0,5 m/s.
13 Lc k s dng cho qu trnh th phi c mt T chc c thm quyn c cng nhn
thm nh v chnh xc phi nm trong phm vi 2% di lc c o v ng vi iu

kin mi trng gp phi trong qu trnh th.
60
14 Kt ni vi lc k phi l mt thit b c kh nng a ra cc s c lin tc v cng phi
c mt thit b ghi dng ghi li lc ko ti mc di dng th l hm ca thi gian.

Nu c th, cc thit b phi c t v theo di trn b.
15 Phi lp lc k v tr gia mt ca dy ko v ct.
16 Gi tr c chng nhn ca lc ko lin tc ti mc ca tu phi l lc ko c ghi li
khi c duy tr m khng c xu hng gim trong khong thi gian khng ngn hn 10
pht.
17 Gi tr lc ko khi my chnh chy qu ti, vng quay my gim hoc s lng my chnh
hoc s lng chn vt lm vic gim c th c chng nhn v ghi trn Giy chng
nhn.
18 Trong qu trnh th, phi thit lp mt h thng thng tin lin lc bng VHF hoc in
thoi
gia
tu
vi
ngi
theo
di
61
lc
thit
ghi
trn
b.
Ph lc D
Nht k ko
Tu:.................
Ngy/ Ch huy ko k:./
Dy ko chnh:
Ti ko t:
(tn).
Chiu di/ng knh:
Ngy/nm kim tra:
Dy ko d tr: .
Ti ko t:
(tn).
Chiu di/ng knh:
Ngy/nm kim tra:
Dy ko chnh: Bi trn (L) Bo dng (M)
Ngy:
Bin bn kim tra, v.v:
Dy ko d tr: Bi trn (L) Bo dng (M)
Ngy:.
Bin bn kim tra, v.v:
i tng c ko:.
Ni dy ko: Ngy/gi:..
V tr:..
Chiu di cp ko/ xch ko a im (m):..
Tho dy ko:
Ngy/gi:
V tr:..
Thng tin ko (Gia tra ~ Gia m hoc hai ln/ngy)

T
Ti
Thi gian s dng cp

thp (ngy/gi tng cng)
Lc cng ca
cp (tn)
Chiu di cp
(m)
iu kin mi
trng
Chiu di cp c
iu chnh (m)
Ghi ch
Ngy/nm
Gi
Ngy/nm
Gi
Ln nht
Trung bnh
Sng (chiu cao/

hng/ chu k)
Gi (lc/ hng)
Gi tr tng c chuyn sang trang:
Ghi ch:
62
Ph lc E
1
1.1
Ko tu theo on
nh ngha
Ko i - hai i tng c ko kt ni mt cch ring r vi cc thit b ko khc

nhau trn tu ko thng qua cc thit b ko ca chng, xem Hnh 1.1.
Hnh 1.1.
1.2
S b tr ko i
Ko ni tip - hai hoc nhiu hn i tng c ko ni vi nhau thnh chui, v d

thit b ko ca i tng ng sau c ni vi ct ko ca i tng pha trc, sau
c ni vi thit b ko ca tu ko thng qua cc thit b ko trn i tng c
ko pha trc, xem Hnh 1.2.
Hnh 1.2
S b tr ko ni tip
63
1.3
Ko song song - hai hoc nhiu hn i tng c ko ni vi tm lin kt ba mt

trn dy ko chnh thng qua cc thit b ko ca chng (dy ko trung gian ngn, ma
n) mt cch ring r, v d dy ko chnh ca tu ko c ni vi i tng c ko
mt cch ring r thng qua mt s tm lin kt ba mt, xem Hnh 1.3.
Hnh 1.3
1.4
S b tr ko song song
Nhiu tu ko mt i tng - hai hoc nhiu hn tu ko c s dng ko mt i

tng, v d dy ko ca tu ko c ni vi cc thit b ko (cp ko a im, dy
ko trung gian ngn v.v) trn i tng c ko thng qua tm lin kt ba mt,
xem Hnh 1.4.
Hnh 1.4
S b tr nhiu tu ko mt i tng
64
2
2.1
Cc yu cu chung i vi vic ko theo on
Vic ko thnh on c cc vn b sung lin quan, bao gm:

(1)
iu ng tu trong cc khu vc cht hp;
(2)
Ni li dy ko chnh sau khi t, thng l trong thi gian ko;
(3)
Duy tr chiu su nc cho hot ng ko do dy ko phi di hn so vi ko

n.
2.2
Ch c th tin hnh ko thnh on theo s sp xp, trong khu vc v ma nht nh

v phi c nh gi cc nguy c.
2.3
Tt c cc yu t ca hot ng ko thnh on, bao gm bn v, cc thng s ca

chuyn i, ca thit b phi c trnh ng kim hoc trnh mt t chc chuyn nghip
c thm quyn nh gi.
2.4
Nu ng kim hoc l t chc chuyn nghip c thm quyn ni trn nghi ng v hot
ng ko thnh on th phi yu cu bn lin quan c cc bin php gii quyt, nu
khng th hot ng ko s b t chi.
2.5
Mi i tng c ko tham gia vo on ko phi tha mn cc yu cu ca Quy

chun.
2.6
Phi p dng h s an ton cho vic b tr ko do c th xy ra cc h hng khc i

vi vic b tr ko thnh on, c bit l i vi dy ko.
2.7
Lc ko ti mc ca tu ko phi c xc nh theo s lng, cch b tr i tng

c ko c lin quan v t nht phi bng tng cc lc ko theo yu cu ca mi i
tng c ko.
2.8
Nu cch b tr ko i hi phi s dng hai dy ko t mt tu ko, th phi trang b

thm mt dy ko th ba trn tu ko v dy ko phi c ct mt khu vc c
bo v m ti n c th c chuyn ti tng ti ko mt cch an ton trn bin.
2.9
Nh quy nh, cc thit b ko khc nh l xch, thit b lm cng dy hoc lm trng

dy phi coi nh l c trang b trn tu.
3
3.1
iu kin ko i
iu kin ko i phi nh sau:

(1)
Trong vng kh hu n ha;
(2)
Vi cc hnh trnh ko c thi gian ngn, trong iu kin thi tit d bo l tt;
65
(3)
Trong trng hp chiu su nc dc theo tuyn ng ko l cho php

dy ko vng theo yu cu;
(4)
Tu ko phi c ni vi mi i tng c ko bng dy ko ring bit trn

tang trng ring bit ca ti ko.
4
4.1
iu kin ko ni tip
iu kin ko ni tip phi nh sau:

(1)
Trong khu vc c kh hu rt n ha hoc l trong iu kin bng m ti cc

i tng c ko s theo ni tip nhau;
(2)
Trong iu kin bng th dy ko gia tu ko v i tng c ko dn on

phi ngn sao cho dy ko khng chm nc.
5.
5.1
iu kin ko song song
Trong khu vc c kh hu n ha, tu ko c lc ko ti mc ln hn v h s an ton

c a vo tnh ton cc thit b ko.
6.
6.1
iu kin nhiu tu ko mt i tng
Phng php ny thng c coi l chp nhn c, min l mi tu ko c mt dy

ko ring ni vi tu c ko (thng qua cp ko a im hoc dy ko trung gian
ngn nh yu cu). Cn phi thn trng v tu ko c th va chm vo nhau hoc va
chm vo cc thit b ko ca nhau.
6.2
Phi xem xt la chn ph hp kch thc v cng sut ca tu ko.
6.3
Vic s dng dy ko a im kiu lch c th thun tin nhng phi cn thn trnh
try.
6.4
Thng thng c khng qu ba tu ko, ngoi tr trng hp ko i tng rt ln, v

d nh l gin v cc cng trnh bin.
66
Ph lc F
Mu Giy ngh thm nh h s thit k hot ng ko; Mu Giy ngh

kim tra; Mu Thng bo thm nh h s thit k hot ng ko; Bin bn
xc nh lc ko ti mc; Giy chng nhn ph hp cho hot ng ko v
Giy chng nhn th lc ko ti mc
Mu 1
CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

c lp T do Hnh phc
GIY NGH THM NH H S THIT K HOT NG KO
S:..................Ngy:........................
Knh gi: Cc ng kim Vit Nam

C s thit k: ........................................... ....................................................................
a ch: ....................................................... ....................................................................
in thoi: .................... ....................... Fax: ............................ Email: ............................
ngh kim tra h s, ti liu hot ng ko trn bin nh sau:
1. Tu ko:
Tn tu:
Cng ng k:
S ng k hoc h hiu:
Cp tu:
Ch tu:
2. i tng c ko:
i tng c ko:
Cng ng k (nu c):
S ng k hoc h hiu (nu c):
Cp (nu c):
Ch i tng c ko:
Hot ng ko t:
n:
Chng ti ng tr y ph v l ph thm nh thit k theo quy nh.
Ngi ngh
(K tn & ng du)
67
Mu 2
T CHC/C NHN
CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

c lp T do Hnh phc
S:.
V/v:
., Ngy . thng.nm..
GIY NGH KIM TRA
Knh gi: (Tn n v ng kim)

Tn T chc/C nhn: .............................................................................................................
a ch : ..........................
.................................................................................................................................................
in thoi : ................... Fax:........................... Email: ..............................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
Ni dung ngh: .....................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
a im v thi gian: ..............................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................
T CHC/C NHN
K tn, ng du
Ni nhn:
-
Nh trn;
Lu:
68
Mu 3
CC NG KIM VIT NAM
THNG BO THM NH H S THIT K HOT NG KO

Cp theo cc quy nh ca Quy chun k thut quc gia: QCVN 73: 2014/BGTVT
S:......
Ngy:.....
CC NG KIM VIT NAM

NI NHN:
- C s thit k;
- Chi cc ng kim s;
- Lu Cc KVN;
- Lu ni thm nh.
69
Mu 4
CC NG KIM VIT NAM

VIETNAM REGISTER
BIN BN XC NH LC KO TI MC
REPORT FOR DETERMINATION OF BOLLARD PULL
Issued under the provisions of the National Technical Regulation: QCVN 73: 2014/BGTVT
S bin bn - Report No.
S phn cp - Class No.

Tn tu Ships Name:
Vic th lc ko ti mc c thc hin ngy:
Lc:
gi
The bollard pull test carried out on
at
hour
a im th:
Place of test
iu kin th nh sau:
Test conditions as follows
Chiu chm mi:
Draught forward
Chiu chm ui:

Draught aft
Chiu su nc:
Depth of water
Hng ca tu:
Compass course of ship
Hng gi:
Wind direction
Tc gi:
Wind velocity
Hng dng chy:

Current direction
Tc dng chy:
Current velocity
Chiu di dy ko:
Length of tow rope
Tng cng sut nh mc my chnh:

Total rated output of main engine(s)
ng knh dy ko:
Diameter of tow rope
kW
Theo Giy chng nhn cp tu s:

According to Certification of Classification No.:
Ti vng quay:
At revolution
mm
V/pht
r.p.m
Cp ngy:
Issued on
Dng c o:
Measuring instrument:
S liu th nht ca my tu:
Engine data I
Vi (cc) my chnh hot ng tng cng sut nh mc, lc ko ti mc th nht
With the main engine(s) running at total rated power, a bollard pull I of
c duy tr khng i trong khong thi gian ti thiu l 10 pht.
70
kN
Was held constant for a period of at least 10 minutes.
Cc thng s tng ng ca my nh sau:
The relevant engine data were as follows:
Vng quay:
Speed
V/pht
r.p.m
p sut np khng kh:

Charge air pressure
Nhit kh x:
ti u ca xi lanh:
Exhaust gas temp. at cylinder outlet
p sut phun nhin liu:

Fuel injection
Loi nhin liu s dng:
Fuel used
Trc tua bin tng p:
Before turbocharger
Theo biu cng sut my o nh ch to a ra, cc s liu nu trn tng ng vi cng sut my
xp x l:
According to the engine power diagram supplied by engine manufacturer, the above values correspond
to a power of approximately:
kW
S liu th hai ca my tu:
Engine data II
Vi (cc) my chnh hot ng tng cng sut qu ti, lc ko ti mc th hai
With the main engine(s) running at overload rated power, a bollard pull II of
kN
c duy tr khng i trong khong thi gian ti thiu l 1 pht.

Was held constant for a period of at least 1 minutes.
Cc thng s tng ng ca my nh sau:
The relevant engine data were as follows:
Vng quay:
Speed
V/pht
r.p.m
p sut np khng kh:

Charge air pressure
Nhit kh x:
ti u ca xi lanh:
Exhaust gas temp. at cylinder outlet
p sut phun nhin liu:

Fuel injection
Loi nhin liu s dng:
Fuel used
Trc tua bin tng p:
Before turbocharger
Theo biu cng sut my o nh ch to a ra, cc s liu nu trn tng ng vi cng sut my
xp x l:
According to the engine power diagram supplied by engine manufacturer, the above values correspond
to a power of approximately:
kW
Ghi ch:
Remarks
Cp ti:
Issued at
Ngy:
Date
NG KIM VIN SURVEYOR
71
Mu 5
CC NG KIM VIT NAM

VIETNAM REGISTER
GIY CHNG NHN PH HP CHO HOT NG KO

CERTIFICATE OF FITNESS FOR TOWING OPERATION
S:
No.
CC NG KIM VIT NAM XC NHN RNG:
VIETNAM REGISTER CERTIFIES THAT:
Tu ko:
Tug:
Cng ng k:
Port of Register:
S ng k hoc h hiu:
Distinctive Number or Letters:
Cp tu:
Class:
Ch tu:
Owner:
V i tng c ko:
And the object to be towed:
i tng c ko:
Towed objects:
Cng ng k (nu c):
Port of Register (if any):
S ng k hoc h hiu (nu c):
Distinctive Number or Letters (if any):
Cp (nu c) :
Class (if any):
Ch tu:
Owner:
c chun b cho vic ko t:
Have been prepared for towage from:
n:
To:
72
Kt qu kim tra do ng kim vin ca VR tin hnh kim tra vi thn tu, trang thit b, h thng my tu, trang
b in, v tuyn in, trang b hng hi, phng tin cu sinh, phng tin tn hiu, trang b phng chng chy
v vic b tr thit b ko ca tu ko cng nh i tng c ko cho thy chng tha mn cho hot ng ko
d nh, ph hp vi cc quy nh ca QCVN 73: 2014/BGTVT.
The results of the surveys carried out by VR Surveyor(s) on hull, equipment, machinery installations, electrical
installations,radio equipment, navigation equipment, life-saving appliances, signal appliances, fire protection and
extinguishing appliances and towing arrangements of the tug as well as the towed object show that they are fit for
the intended towing operation, and in compliance with the provisions of QCVN 73: 2014/BGTVT .
Trong qu trnh hnh trnh, phi p dng cc bin php sau y:
For conveyance the following measures are conditional:
1. Mi chng ring bit ca chuyn i ch c php bt u iu kin thi tit khu vc tt v iu kin kh
hu chung thch hp.
The individual parts of the voyage are to be started only under good local weather conditions and favourable
general meteorological situation.
2. Khi gp phi iu kin thi tit xu, cn phi thay i hng i v tc thch hp v/ hoc phi a tu vo
ni tr n nu c th.
In case of worsening weather conditions course and speed are to be changed accordingly and/ or sheltered
place is to be resorted if possible.
3. Tt c cc ming hm hng, cc l ngi chui, cc ca bn ngoi thng tng/ lu, cc ng thng hi, thng
gi v cc l khc m qua nc c th xm nhp vo trong tu phi c ng kn thi tit.
All hatches, access openings, outside doors, ventilation pipes, air pipes and other openings through which
water might intrude into the interior of the tow are to be closed watertight.
4. Phi m bo y n nh cho tu ko v i tng c ko trong khi hnh trnh.
Sufficient stability of the tug and the towed object is to be safeguarded during the voyage.
5. Phi tun th cc quy nh quc gia v quc t v n hiu v vt hiu.
The relevant national and international regulations regarding lights and shapes are to be complied with.
6. Tt c hng ha v trang thit b sp xp trn i tng c ko phi c c nh v chng buc chc
chn m bo kh nng i bin, ph hp vi k hoch chuyn i c thm nh.
All cargoes, components and equipment stored on board the towed object are fastened and lashed
seaworthily in accordance with the approved voyage plan.
7. Tt c cc b phn ca h thng ko c lit k di y phi c duy tr trng thi tha mn:
All parts of the towage arrangements as listed below are to be in satisfactory condition:
Dy ko:
Towing wire
(mm)
(m)
Dy ko d tr:
Spare towing wire
73
(ng knh)
(diameter)
(chiu di)
(length)
(kN)
(ti trng ko dt)

(breaking load)
(mm)
(ng knh)
(diameter)
(m)
(kN)
Dy ai ko:
Pendant wire
(mm)
(m)
(kN)
B phn khc:
Other parts
(mm)
(chiu di)
(length)
(ti trng ko dt)
(breaking load)
(ng knh)
(diameter)
(chiu di)
(length)
(ti trng ko dt)
(breaking load)
(m t)
(description)
(ng knh)
(diameter)
(m)
(kN)
(chiu di)
(length)
(ti trng ko dt)
(breaking load)
Giy chng nhn ny c hiu lc n:

This Certificate is valid until:
Cp ti:
Issued at
Ngy:
Date
CC NG KIM VIT NAM

VIETNAM REGISTER
74
Mu 6
CC NG KIM VIT NAM

VIETNAM REGISTER
GIY CHNG NHN TH LC KO TI MC

CERTIFICATE OF BOLLARD PULL TESTING
S:
No.
(Km theo giy chng nhn ny phi c Bin bn xc nh lc ko ti mc)
(Report for Determination of Bullard Pull sholud permanently be attached to the Certificate)
Tn tu:
Name of Ship
S phn cp
Class Number
Cng ng k:
Port of Registry
H hiu:
Signal Letters
Quc tch:
Flag
K hiu cp tu:
Class Characters
Tng dung tch:

Gross Tonnage
Tng cng sut my chnh:

Total Ouput of Main Engine(s)
Nm v ni ng tu:
Year and Place of Build
Ch tu:
Ship owner
CC NG KIM VIT NAM XC NHN RNG:
VIETNAM REGISTER CERTIFIES THAT:
Ti t th lc ko ti mc tin hnh ngy:
Ti:
During the bollard pull test carried out on:
at
Tu ko ni trn t c cc tr s lc ko ti mc nh sau:
The above-named tug attained the following values of the bollard pulls:
Lc ko ln nht ti mc:
Maximum bollard pull
Lc ko u ti mc:
Steady bollard pull
Cp ti:
Issued at
(kN)
(kN)
Ngy:
Date
CC NG KIM VIT NAM

VIETNAM REGISTER
75

QCVN 73 - Keo Bien

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CNG HO X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA

QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA

Quy nh chung ....................................................................................................... 9

Ti liu vin dn ..................................................................................................... 10

Gii thch t ng .................................................................................................... 10

II. QUY NH K THUT

Quy nh chung ............................................................................................... 13

Quy nh chung ................................................................................................. 13

Yu cu v d bo thi tit v sng bin .......................................................... 16

Quy nh chung ................................................................................................. 18

n nh nguyn vn v n nh tai nn.............................................................. 19

Cc bin php an ton trnh s xm nhp ca nc ....................................... 21

Phng tin thot nc v thot nc mt boong ........................................... 22

Thit b neo ......................................................................................................... 22

Bnh li v chn vt ............................................................................................ 23

n hnh trnh, tn hiu m thanh v vt hiu ................................................... 23

Phng tin ln tu ....................................................................................... 24

Cc yu cu b sung i vi tu c ko c ngi trc ................................ 24

Chng buc, c nh hng ha v thit b .......................................................... 24

Ngn nga nhim ............................................................................................ 25

Chng 3 i tng c ko l gin di ng trn bin v cc cng trnh bin khc

Quy nh chung .................................................................................................. 26

Mt thong kt cha cht lng v ng kn cc ming khot ......................... 29

Chng buc v c nh ..................................................................................... 29

Quy nh chung .................................................................................................. 31

Phng tin thng tin lin lc ........................................................................... 32

Phng tin chuyn ngi .......................................................................... 32

Thit b v dng c ko .................................................................................. 34

Quy nh chung ................................................................................................. 34

Thit b v dng c ko .................................................................................... 35

Quy nh v gim st k thut ........................................................................... 41

Kim tra, th nghim .......................................................................................... 41

Th tc kim tra, chng nhn ........................................................................... 42

Trch nhim ca cc ch tu ............................................................................ 45

Trch nhim ca cc c s thit k .................................................................... 45

Trch nhim ca Cc ng kim Vit Nam ....................................................... 45

Kim tra thc hin ca B Giao thng vn ti .................................................... 45

p dng Quy chun .......................................................................................... 47

Cc iu kin ko tu trn bin .................................................................... 47

Qun l hot ng ko ........................................................................................ 48

Yu cu bn ca c cu v c cu chng buc ..................................... 50

Tnh ton sc cn khi ko trn bin............................................................... 58

Quy trnh th lc ko ti mc ......................................................................... 60

Ph lc F Mu Giy ngh thm nh h s thit k hot ng ko; Mu Giy

QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA

Bt k quy nh -2 trn, cc hot ng ko nu -2 trn c th p dng cc yu cu

Quy chun ny p dng i vi cc t chc, c nhn c hot ng lin quan n hot

Cc ti liu vin dn s dng trong Quy chun

Cng c quc t v phng nga m va trn bin (COLREGs 1972).

nh ngha v gii thch

Cc nh ngha v gii thch lin quan n cc thut ng chung c nu Phn 1A

"i tng c ko" thng thng c ngha l tu khng t y c bng thit b

"Thit b ko" l thit b trn tu ko v i tng c ko c dng cho cc

"Dng c ko" l cc dng c trn tu ko v i tng c ko chuyn dng cho

"Lc ko ti mc (BP)" l lc ko lin tc ti mc c ghi Giy chng nhn th

"Ti ko t (BL)" l ti ko t nh nht ca cc dng c ko ghi trn Giy chng

"Dy ko chnh" l dy ni gia tu ko v i tng c ko;

"Dy ko d tr" hay "Dy ko s c" l dy c s dng thay cho dy ko chnh

"Cp ko a im/ xch ko a im" l dy ni c dng cho cc i tng c

"nh cp ko a im/ xch ko a im" l b phn ni gia nh ca cp ko a

"Dy ko trung gian ngn" l cp ni gia tm lin kt ba mt hoc cp ko a im/

"im ko" l thit b trn i tng c ko chuyn dng ni vi dy ko hoc

"Hot ng ko" l ton b qu trnh din ra hot ng ko, bao gm tu ko dng