Name of Chemical:

Type of Chemical:

Chemical Structure

Physiological Role

Glucose

Simple Sugar

C6H8O6

Enters primary
metabolic pathway in
which the chemical
energy of its bonds is
converted to ATP,
the primary energy
molecule in the body

Sucrose

Carbohydrate

C12H22O11

Broken down by the

body for energy

Caffeine

Stimulant

C8H10N4O2

Improves help
cognitive functioning
and may improve
endurance
temporarily. Caffeine
works by blocking
adenosine, a
sleep-promoting
brain chemical, which
in turn makes your
body release
adrenaline.

Taurine

Organic Acid-amino
acid not found in
peptide bound
formation

C2H7NO3S

Diuretic,
antioxidant-neutralize
s harmful ions, helps
in maintenance of
cardiac muscle and
skeletal system

Trisodium Citrate

Salt of Acid

Na3C6H5O7

used as a
buffer,preservative,
and an additive for
flavor.

Benzoic acid

Carboxylic Acid

C7H6O2

used as a
buffer,preservative,
and an additive for
flavor.

Sorbic Acid

Acid

C6H8O2

organic compound
used as a food

preservative
Sucralose

Synthetic chemical

C12H19Cl3O8

sugar substitute- just

moves through syste,

Niacinamide

Vitamin

C6H6N2O

water soluable
vitamin (B group)

Calcium
Pantothenate

Vitamin

C9H17NO5

Helps you use fats

and carbohydrates to
make molecules
used for energy.

Milk thistle extract

botanical

C25H22O10

Milk thistle is also

used for loss of
appetite, heartburn
(dyspepsia), and
gallbladder
complaints. -webMD

Inositol

carbohydrate

C6H12O6

Inositol is used for

diabetic nerve pain,
panic disorder, high
cholesterol,
insomnia,cancer,
depression,
schizophrenia,
Alzheimers disease,
attention
deficit-hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD),
autism, promoting
hair growth, a skin
disorder called
psoriasis, and
treating side effects
of medical treatment
with lithium.

L-carnitine

amino acid

C7H15NO3

helps with health in

general-taken as a
supplement

acesulfame
potassium

synthetic chemical

C4H4KNO4S

calorie free sugar

substitute-not
metabolized or stored
in body

Ginkgo Biloba leaf

extract

botanical

C15 H10 O7

improves blood flow

and memory

Guarana seed extract Contains caffeine-

stimulant

C8H10N4O2

Guarana is used for

weight loss, to
enhance athletic
performance, as a
stimulant, and to
reduce mental and
physical fatigue. It is
a frequent addition to
energy and
weightloss products.

panax ginseng root

extract

panaxoside

C15H24N2O

Panax ginseng is
used for improving
thinking,
concentration,
memory and work
efficiency, physical
stamina, and athletic
endurance.

pyridoxine
hydrochloride

vitamin

C8H12ClNO3

vitamin B6- a
coenzyme for
synthesis of amino
acids,
neurotransmitters
(serotonin,
norepinephrine),
sphingolipids,
aminolevulinic acid.

Glucuronolactone

simple saccharide

C6H8O6

structural component
of nearly all
connective tissues.
-Glucuronolactone is
a substance that is
produced when
glucose is converted
in the liver.
-improves athletic
performance

maltodextrin

polysaccharide

C6nH(10n+2)O(5n+1)

food additive from

starch
magnesium
carbonate

Inorganic Salt
*hydrated form is a
mineral*

MgCO3

adds magnesium to
blood-for bodily
functions

Vitamin B12
(cobalamin)

vitamin

C63H88CoN14O14P

key role in the

normal functioning of
the brain and
nervous system, and
for the formation of
blood.

High Fructose Corn

Syrup

carbohydrate

C12H22O11

sweetener made
from corn
starch-obesity,diabet
es, etc. bad

Orange Juice
Concentrate

acid, vitamins,
carbohydrates

C6H8O7

source of vitamins,
polysaccharides

Sodium Benzoate

Sodium salt of
benzoic acid

C7H5NaO2

food preservative,
can be a
carcinogenic when
combined with
vitamin C

Sodium
hexametaphosphate

salt

(NaPO3)6

contains phosphorus,
may affect kidneys,
heart, and lungs with
a lot of consumption

Gum Arabic

glycoproteins and
polysaccharides

C26H34N2O13

It tends to make
people feel full, so
they might stop
eating earlier than
they otherwise would.
This might lead to
weight loss and
reduced cholesterol
levels.

Ascorbic Acid

Acid

C6H8O6

Vitamin C

Vegetable Oil

lipid

CH3(CH2)16COOH

prevents ingredients
from separating, can
cause loss of
memory and muscle

function when
consumed
excessively
Potassium Sorbate

Potassium salt of
sorbic acid

CH7KO2

Potassium sorbate is
found to be toxic to
human DNA in
peripheral blood
lymphocytes, and
hence found that it
negatively affects
immunity.

EDTA

Aminopolycarboxylic
acid

C9H17NO5

Removes excess iron

from body

Calcium Disodium
EDTA

Aid

CaNa2

Removes heavy
metals from the body

Glucuronic Acid

Acid

C6H10O7

Determination of
urinary steroids and
of steroid conjugates
in blood

Sodium Chloride

Salt

NaCl

Necessary to help
your body maintain
fluid balance, help
your muscles relax
and your nerves
transmit signals. Also
helps maintain
normal blood
pressure.

Malic Acid

dicarboxylic acid

C4H6O5

supports energy
production and
carries out reactions
in the body. It also
increases muscle
performance and
mental focus while
reducing fatigue after
exercise

n-acetyl l-tyrosine

amino acid

C11H13NO4

makes chemical
messengers that are
involved in conditions
involving the brain

such as mental
alertness

1-phenylalanine

amino acid

C9H11NO2

Phenylalanine is
used for depression,
attention
deficit-hyperactivity
disorder
(ADHD),Parkinson's
disease

Citicoline

Psychostimulant

C14H27N4O11P2+

Help improve focus

and mental energy
and may possibly be
useful in the
treatment of attention
deficit disorder

Phosphoric Acid

Acid

H3PO4

The kidneys use

phosphoric acid for
homeostasis as one
mechanism to
eliminate/excrete
excess acid from the
body.