Using batteries wisely

load (current)

Impact of battery dynamics in

the sensor network regime is

load (current)

A battery is NOT a bucket of mAh !

not known

time

time

rate capacity effect

charge recovery (relaxation)

goal

measure battery discharge

measure and model battery

discharge for WSN

simple, periodic resistive loads

batteryaware protocols, e.g.

MAC layer beaconing params

avoid complex WSN loads

WSNtypical loads and timing

highly automated

batteryaware applications, e.g.

sensor/actuator operation

battery under load

Vrecovery (maximum recovery
from prev load)

3% dc over 200 ms (300 Ohm, 10 mA) Vload

Vrecovery

Vload (Vmin for

this load)

voltage (V)

V load
cutoff voltage
load (300 , 6.2ms)

2.75

2.5

recovery

V recover

2.25

charge recovery

grey lines show 95% CI

2
0

200

400
time (h)

600

800

preliminary data
15kOhm, 0.2 mA
3k Ohm, 1 mA
120 Ohm, 25 mA

continuous (120 Ohm, 25mA)

1.2% dc over 600 ms (120 Ohm, 25mA)
1.2% dc over 25 s (120 Ohm, 25mA)

2.75

2.5

2.25

2.75

2.5

50

100
150
200
consumed capacity (mA-h)

rate capacity effect

Laura Marie Feeney
Swedish Institute of
Computer Science

250

2.75

2.5

2.25

2.25

1.2% dc over 600 ms (120 Ohm, 25mA)

3% dc over 200 ms (300 Ohm, 10mA)
6.25% dc over 200 ms (714 Ohm, 4.2mA)
1.2% dc over 25s (120 Ohm, 25mA)

3
voltage (Vload)

voltage (Vload)

voltage (V)

2
0

50

100

150

200

250

consumed capacity (mA-h)

charge recovery
Lars Andersson
Anders Lindgren
Pricer AB

50

100
150
200
consumed capacity (mA-h)

WSNlike loads
Stina Starborg
Annika Ahlberg Tidblad
Etteplan Stockholm AB

Uppsala VINN Excellence Center for Sensor Networks

250