JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW TEMPLATE

North American University

Education Department
M.Ed. in Educational Leadership / M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction
EDUC 5324 Integrating Technology into Education
Name: MUHSINE AYKAC

Date: 9/4/2015

Cite the reviewed article in APA format:

Chang, I-Hua. (2012). The effect of principals' technological leadership on teachers'
technological literacy and teaching effectiveness in Taiwanese elementary. Journal of
Educational Technology & Society, 15(2), 328-340.
INTRODUCTION
Research Questions (if research questions are not specifically mentioned, what is
the theoretical background or overarching theme):

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships among principals technological
leadership, teachers technological literacy, and teaching effectiveness. About 1,000 teachers
randomly selected and surveyed from Taiwanese elementary schools. Some questions were asked
to teachers to measure the effectiveness of principals technological leadership, teachers
technological literacy, and teaching effectiveness. And it show clearly that principals have a great
effect on teachers effectiveness.
Purpose of the research:
A survey has been made by 1000 teachers and the relationships among principals technological
leadership, teachers technological literacy, and teaching effectiveness were asked. Some data
were analyzed using structural equation modeling to test how well the model captured the
relationships between these quantities.

METHODOLOGY
What is the methodology for the research or approach used to understand the
issue? Provide information regarding the following:

Participants: 1000 teacher from Taiwanese Elementary School.

Procedures: 1000 teacher had been surveyed in Taiwan from 100 different elementary school
and 60.5% of them just returned. Some questions were asked to see how principals technology
effectiveness affects teachers technology effectiveness. As a result, all of them effect students
achievements.

Data Collection Methods/Data Source: Hypothesized conceptual model, structural

equation modeling.

Data Analysis: This research empirically investigated the relationships among principals
technological leadership, teachers technological literacy, and teaching effectiveness and tested
the structural equation model (SEM). SPSS was used to calculate scale reliabilities (the
Cronbachs alpha) and to perform factor analyses. The final SEM model was done with LISREL.

RESULTS
Findings or Results (or main points of the article): ): The results of this research
indicates clearly that the findings show that principals technological leadership improves
teachers' technological literacy and directly motivated teachers to integrate technology into their
teaching. In addition to that, teachers technological literacy directly affects their effectiveness.
Principals technological leadership also makes teachers more effective and active. Principals
technological leadership, as mediated by teachers technological literacy, can affect teaching
effectiveness. The results suggest that principals, as technology leaders, must develop and
implement a vision and technology plan for their schools so School is going to be more
successful.

DISCUSSIONS
Conclusions/Implications (for your profession): As we see in this study, Principals
always must develop and implement vision and technology plans for their schools, motivate and
encourage their teachers participating technological developments and trainings. By this way,
Schools can achieve more success. Principals must support their staff so teachers can make their
students better in every way.
REFLECTIONS
Students Reflections (changes to your understanding; implications for your
school/work): In my opinion, Principals are the guidance and leader for community. If they
will improve their skills, schools will be able to get successful. The most important task of a
principal is to figure out how to become an appropriate technological leader. A principal can then

guide teachers to improve their technological literacy and to improve teaching effectiveness and
students academic achievements through educational reforms. I precisely want to state that
principals are the key, but we cannot put all responsibility on their shoulders always. We really
need a guide who has problem-solving skills and solution-oriented.