CE 141 Hydraulic Engineering

Exercise 8: Fluid Flow Measurements

Problem 1. A venturi meter is to be filled to a pipe of 250mm diameter where the
pressure head reads 6 m of water and the maximum flow is 9m3/min. Find the smallest
diameter of the throat to ensure that the system does not undergo cavitation.
Problem 2. In an experiment to determine the hydraulic coefficients of a 25mm
diameter sharp-edged orifice, it was found out that the jet issuing under the head of 1
meter travelled a horizontal distance of 1.5 meters from the vena contracta in the
course of 600 mm from the same point. The impact force of the jet on the plate held
normal to it at the vena contracta was measured at 5.5 N. Determine the coefficients
(CD, Cv, Cc) of the venture meter.
Problem 3. A swimming pool with vertical sides is 25 meters by 10 meters in
dimension. To accommodate all types of pool goers, it was designed to have a deep
and shallow end of 2.5m and 1m, respectively, along the length of the pool. There is
an outlet in each of the ends of the pool to facilitate discharge. It is 500mm in
diameter and has a discharge coefficient of 0.85. Find the time taken to empty the
pool.
Problem 4. The reservoir has an area of 8.5 ha and is provided with a weir 4.5 meters
long (Cd = 0.6). Find how long will it take for the water level above the sill to fall from
0.60 m to 0.30 m.
Problem 5. A submerged weir of 1m height spans the entire width of a rectangular
channel 7m wide. Find the discharge when the depths of flow from the upstream and
downstream sides are 1.8 m and 1.25 m respectively. Use Francis formula for the free
discharge. Hint: Francis discharge is not the overall discharge.