William Ingram

Lit. Review
List at least 5 studies,
the findings and the FULL
reference
Identity development is
becoming difficult in
developed societies.
- Karoly, L. A. (2004).
The 21st century at
work: Forces
shaping the future
workforce and
workplace in the
United States.
Santa Monica, CA:
RAND Corporation.
- Levy, F., &
Murnane, R. J.
(2004). The new
division of labor:
How computers are
creating the next
job market.
Princeton, NJ:
Princeton
University Press.

Research
Question/Hypothesis
Write what you think the
research question is

Methods

Discussion

Write the number of

participants, procedure,
analysis

Write three main points

that the author brings up

Can identity exploration

be successfully
implemented into the
school system?

The participants in the

particular study
described here were 66
students in two 9th-grade
Literature classes (33
students in each) of the
environmental leadership
track.

The teacher and

researcher decided to
assign pre-lesson
homework that might
promote among students
an experience of trigger
in relation to the poem,
or at the least, create
experiences upon which
students could explore
through later triggers and
scaffolding. The
homework assignment

Identity
development is
becoming difficult
in developed
societies
Schools are
important for
identity
development
We should have
schools promote
identity
development

Schools are important for

identity development.
- Erikson, E. H.
(1968). Identity:
Youth and crisis.
New York: Norton.
Teachers can promote
sense of self
- Reeve, J. (2009).
Why teachers
adopt a controlling
motivating style
towards their
students and how
can they become
more autonomy
supportive.
Educational
Psychologist, 44,
159175.
The teacherresearcher
collaboration continued
in evaluating the
contribution of the
intervention to the
students identity
exploration and learning
of the literature content
in the lesson.
- Kaplan, A., Katz, I.,

included two tasks from

which the students were
asked to choose one. The
rst task was to complete
the phrase taken from
the poems title: My
Childhood was...? The
second task included the
poem itself, but with all
adjectives in the poem
removed. Students were
asked to ll-in the blanks
with their own adjectives.
The decision to give two
different assignments to
choose from was based
on the teachers
perception that different
students may nd either
the less or the more
structured assignment
compatible with their
orientation towards
exploration and need for
scaffolding. Nevertheless,
there was also the
recognition that such a
reective assignment
may be challenging
emotionally or cognitively
to some of the
students. The decision
was to promote sense of

& Flum, H. (2012).

Motivation theory
in educational
practice.
Knowledge claims,
challenges, and
future directions. In
T. Urdan (Ed.), APA
Educational
Psychology
Handbook, Vol. 2:
Individual
differences, cultural
considerations, and
contextual factors
in educational
psychology (pp.
165194).
Washington, DC:
American
Psychological
Association.
The school environment
helps shape a students
identity.
- Roeser, R. W., &
Lau, S. (2002). On
academic identity
formation in middle
school settings
during early
adolescence. In T.

safety through
legitimizing and
respecting variety of
responses to the
assignments. Finally, the
decision was made to
scaffold exploration
through question-asking,
peer modeling, and
reective writing.

M. Brinthaupt & R.
P. Lipka (Eds.),
Understanding
early adolescent
self and identity:
Applications and
interventions (pp.
91131). Albany,
NY: SUNY Press.