General guidelines Secondary schools (with no 6th form) 9.2 or3 classes per year 10,112) or 15 (18) classrooms 1 extra-large classroom (can be divided) 3 classrooms for special courses each 65-T0m? 5m? 40-45? ‘Science raoms 10r 2 for demonstrations & practicals, reach 70-75m? ‘Mor physics demonstrations & practicals 10-75m2 “Mor chemistry and biology demonstrations & practicals. or 70-75m? 1 or chemistry demonstrations & pract 70-752 ‘for biology demonstrations & practicals 10-75m? 110 2 preparation rooms, plus rooms for collections and materials,or_ each 40m? 1 preparation room for physics and chemistry {also used for collections and materalsor _30-35m? 1 physics preparation room 30-35m? 1 chemistry preparation room 20m? 1 biology preparation room 30-35? 1 oF 2 science rooms ‘each 30-35m? 1 100m for photography 20-25m? Domestic science 1 kitchen 70-75m2 1 classroomvdining room 20-40m? rooms for provisions, materials and household appliances 30-40m? 1 washroomichanging room 15-20m? ‘an, crafts and textiles 1 drawina studio tarts and eras! 1 oF 2 rooms for technical crafts 4 0¢ 2 rooms for materials, 1 washroomichanging room total of approx. 180-220? 1 room for textile design 70-78? 3 rooms for teaching materials each 10-15m? 1 musie room 65-70m? 1 storeroom (instruments, music, stands) 15-20m? Language tab 100m for language teaching system 0-85? 1 oom for materials and equipment 10-15? 1 00m for library and magazines 50-85m? (or 70-75m2 1 00m for pupils’ commitios 15-20m? 1 roereation roam (to accommodate a maximum of haf the total no. of pupils at 1m%/pupi Administration 1 statfroom {meeting room) 20-852 1 staff study (staff ibrary) 100-105m? {or can be combined) 1 office for headteacner 20725me 1 office for deputy head 20-25m? 1 office 15-20m2 1 room for mesting parents, doubles as sickroom 20-25m? 1 caretakers room (also for milk distribution) 20-25m? Sport Gymnasium (per 10-15 classes) 1 exercise area of 15 «27m Sports grounds according to requirements SCHOOLS Secondary school (with 6th form) eg. 2 classes per year 18 classrooms: 12 classrooms 65-Tom? 6 classrooms (upper level) som? S classrooms: 2 supplementary classrooms 65-70me 3 supplementary classrooms som? 1 extralarge classroom (history, geography) 1 room for social sciences som? ‘Science rooms. Physics and biology classroom teach 85-60m? 1 room each for collections and materials 20-25m? 100m each for preparation 30-35m? 1 room each for demonstrations & practical 70-75? Chomistey 1 room for theory and practical work 80-85? 1 room for preparation 30-35? 1 room for collections and materials 20-35m? 2 rooms for science groups each 20-35? 4 room for photography 20-252 Domestic science Titchen 70-75m? 1 classroomidining room 30-40m? Rooms for provisions, materials and household appliances 30-40m? 1 washcoomichanging room 15-20m? Ant 1 drawing studio B0-85m? 2 rooms for crafts 60-85? 2 rooms for materials ‘each 20-25? 4 washroomichanging room 15-20m? 1 room for textile design 70-75me 1 music room 65-Tom? 1 storeraom 15-207 Language lab 100m for language teaching system 80-85? 1 oom for materials and equipment 10-15? 3 rooms for teaching materials ‘each 10-15m? 1 room for schoo! library 70-752 100m for pupils’ committee 15-20m2 1 recreation room to accommodate @ maximum (of haf the total no. of pupils at 1 m/pupill, Adrinistration 1 staffeoom {meeting room) 0-85m2 1 staff study (staff library) 100-1052 {or can be combined) 1 office for heacteacher 20-25m? 1 office for deputy head 20-25m2 1 office 45-20m? 1 t00m for meoting parents (doubles as sickroom) 20-252 1 caretakers room {algo for milk distribution) 20-25m? Sport Gymnasium iper 10-15 classes or part of! 1 exercise area of 15 «27m Sports ground according to requirements 207H Ls ry s Py ry Hy Fy s = 2 Hy = Fy z & 5 Fy 8 Hy Hy 308 vy rape] | (x5 Graven” Phbbabalablaalle a. i i Pe - Ce tog GQ mamma ® wernt il PE ee ome [ID ghee" Dowblecange tacit or $00 sir See gis Ores ie Eluperrelt e Bg ea Be au @ moon and weer nara gurpone ching SCHOOLS Cloakroom facilites can be decentralised by space outside the classrooms but directly linked to them, The number of toilets, urinals and wash-basins required, ‘based on total number of pupils and separated according to sex, should be as set out in the local schoo! building guidelines (0.9. ~ {8). Sanitary installations with direct daylight and ventilation are preferable, and there must be separate entrances for boys and girls. Examples of different toilet facilities for schools are shown ia (D)- @) Horizontal and vertical circulation usually doubles 3s an emergency escape route. Escape routes must have @ clear width of min. Tm/150 people. but min. width of corridors in classroom areas is 2.00m or 1.25m for less than 180 people, Stairs in classroom areas must be 1,25m, other escape routes 1.00m. Max. length of escape routes: 25m measurad in a straight line from the stain door to the furthest workplace, oF 30m in an indirect ine to the centre of the room. Capacity of stars is dependent on number of users, average occupancy, etc. Width of ‘stairs: 0.80m/100 people (minimum 1.25m, max, 250m) Altornatively: 0.10m/15 people. nly the top floor is calculated at 100% occupancy, remaining tloors at 60%.) General-purpose teaching area includes standard fooms, supplementary classrooms, extra-large classrooms, rooms for special courses, rooms for twaching languages and social studies, language labs, rooms for teaching materia, maps and other ancillary Space requirements: classroom for traditional teaching 2.00m?/pupil; for teaching in sets 3.00m?pupil, for open plan teaching &50mtiplace including ancillary areas fgeded for each subject. Standard room shane: rectangular or aquaca (1990 12x16, 12% 12, 12% 10}; with a max. room depth of 7.20m itis possible to have windows on one side only. 2) Floor areas are: traditional classroom, 1.80-2.00m%/ pupil; open plan 3.00-6,00m%/pupil, The clear height should be 2.70-3.40m, Language labs should be within or directly related to the general-purpose teaching area, and close to media ‘centre and library, Approximately 30 language lab. places peer 1000 pupils will be nooded .» @ ~ ¢). The size of LT Uistenstalk) and LSR llistontalkirecord) labs is approx. 80m? booths 12m, number of placesiiab, 24-30, i 48-60m?, plus ancillary spaces (e.g. studio, recording room, archive for teachers’ and pupils’ tapes!. Artificially” lit internal language labs with an environmental control system are also possible locating Tew an ee pa aoe Er Bem eeiey, Weapon ion ea Re" non tan Beata @ racommandes me nin© ome nd restr aionce tench aE q : fl | an ed 5 wo N - WF 7s, aT @ Aree or acs subnets goutker SCHOOLS ‘Science area includes rooms for teaching of theory and ractice. practicals, preparation and collections, photographic studios and labs. Classroams far biology, Dhysics and chemistry 280mplace. For lectures and domonstrations in practical work &50m?/place including special-purpose ancillary space but not including ancillary Room sizes for demonstrations and practicals in chemistry and biology, physics, or combinations should be 70-80m? ” lectures (possibly including demonstrations) 60%? 18 needed, with fixed raked seating. Second entrance/oxt. Possibility of internal classroom with artificial ighting oom for practical work, group work in biology and physics and a6 well as interaiseiplinary work, space divisible into smaller units. 80m? per individual room of space. Rooms for preparation, collections and materials for individual subjects or combinations of subjects. Total of 30-40 or 70m? depending on the size of the school and the Science area, Internal rooms with artificial light allowable, Rooms for photographie work and photographic abs are best associated with the science rooms. ideally, they should be in the form ofa studio, with a lobby between the ab and teaching area. Dark room with areas for printing (1 enlarging table for 2-3 pupils, combined with wet processing places), for developing negatives and rooms or {area for loading fim Position of rooms: best north-facing with constant room temperature. Space required depends on number of pupils, gonorally 6-14 pupils per group, at least 34m? pe ‘workplace. Type of photo lab depends on areas and sizes ‘© one-room lab 20-30m2, minimum size with separate bay of 1.50-2.0m: for loading film. Tock and dark room (positive and negative wor), fir loading room 2m? + three-room lab, printing room, necessary light locks, light locks furniture, darkroom lamps only. For exhibitions, etc. shared use of other rooms is possible. Fy & Fy Fy A FA H | H H é A Fy EI FI FH 2 A FH 3 H & room with I-2m? without Tie | 2. a Aes. - eae) ery past ieee] | nfo sesnamien af tchnalogy, atic technology, tacheicl © srrrct snd erate total ot 360 plan 1D? 309310 SCHOOLS Library, modia contre and contral amenities: Purpose: information centre for classwork, further ‘education and leisure and may be used by pupils, teachers and non-school users. Library includes a conventional schoo! library for pupils and teachers with books and magazines, lending facilites. reading and work places, The media centre is an extension Of the library with recording and playback facilities for radio, film, TV, ie. audio-visual equipment and corresponding stock of software, microfilm and microfiche facilities, Standard space requirement overall centre 0.38-0.55m?/pupil. Broken dawn into: Nibraryimedia * book issues and returns, 5m? per workplace, and catalogue space of 20-40m? ‘information: librarian, media advisor, technician, ete. 10-20m? per person media Compact book storage in 1000 volume stacks at 20-30 volumesimetre run of shelving. Free access bookcase approx. 4m? including circulation space, reading places and catalogues. For 1000 volumes reference books 20-40m2, study area generally per 1000 volumes: ‘reference books 25m? for 5% of the pupilsiteachers, but at least 30 study spaces at 2m? each, i.e, 60m? carrels 2.5-3,0m!. Room for work in groups of 8-10, 20m? For kitchen and ancillary rooms, the sive and equipment specification depends on the catering system. Table service {or food and table clearing for young children (portions possibly served by teacher), otherwise self-service (e.g. from conveyer belt, counter, cafetoria lino oF free-flow system), Distribution capacity af 8-18 mmalsimiauta ar 260-1000) nour, variable sttfing levels. Space required for distribution systems 40-60m®. Dining room size depends fon number of pupile and number of sittings, min. of 1.20-1.40m? per place. Larger spaces should be divided up. For every 40 places, 1 wash-basin in the entrance area 1G © ovannieaion ot space and functions in schoo! kitchen ® Moat and eroehary satsSCHOOLS Primary schools Classrooms: one classroom per class, square it possible, in exceptional cases rectangular, max. 32 pupils, min. of 165-70m? (approx. 200m! » 2:20m? per pupills possible daylt on two sides ~ G) + G) Furniture either in rows or informally arranged. Front of class: chalkboard with siding panels, projection space, socket for TV, radio, tape recorder, etc.. wash-basia near entrance. Provision for hanging maps, Facility 0 black fut windows. Group rooms divided into separate @ Example of soa toraryneda cone Clnsroom tnd entated workspaces to accommodate mixed ability classes only in > ne tony acorn Caan opamoutere Special cases, Alteenatives to individual classes and group rooms: 2-3 classrooms joined together to make teaching spaces for discussions between pupils and teachers, oF lessons in larger groups, can also be divides by partitions. Draught- excluding lobbies and entrance areas also connect to horizontal and vertial circulation (coridors, stairs, camps) and can be used during breaks (0.50m?/pupill. Multi-use area for parties, play or exhibitions. Room for teaching materials 12-15m® centrally positionsd, part of the staff area or in a multi-purpose roam eee ad Oz ONE D) Trecconetor paay seteg mn ne ew mt \ CA. L © Mergent egroom mtn oto een tanh aSCHOOLS Open-plan Nowadays, itis often considered normal for offices to be ‘pen plan. This sometimes influences school architecture, The two have similar requirements regarding size of room, lighting, ventilation, acoustics, floor and ceiling finishes, farniture, and colour Main advantage: flexibility @) + @. Team teaching in {groups of up to 100 pupils. Space per pupil (not incl. core) 34me4m2 The later addition of partitions should be possibie » There are many US examples. German model example: Tannenberg School, Secheim . ). However, vertical Lrsinpipes and service ducts, te. are a problem because of the nood 10 fix sound:insulating partitions -- @. Ceiling Banels should be removable so that services in the ceiling Void are accessible ~ 5, Large groups of 40-50 pupils. divided into medium-sized ‘roups of 25-26 pupils, small groups of 10 pupils. Planning grid 1.20 x 1.20m throughout; clear room height 3m. Movable partitions which can be taken down provide a solution for the transition from old fixed classrooms 10 open plan + @ forms which create small spaces + @ seating arrangement for watching films, slides ete ~'9)~ 3. Educational experts maintain that, during conscious learning, people best retain information that they have obtained themselves, more procisoly: 10% of what they read: 20% of what they hear 30% of wnat they sae: 50% of what they hear and soe; 70% of what they say themselves: and 90% af what they da themselvre invalving their wun artinns Cite i 313