Name

Date
Class Period
1st Semester Final Exam
Please write the correct letter for each multiple choice question.
1. In the rock cycle diagram shown below, what terms belong in place X
and Y?

a. X=Metamorphic and Y=Sedimentary

b. X=Lithospheric Rocks and Y=Lava Rocks
c. X=Sedimentary and Y=Metamorphic
d. X=Top soil and Y=Bottom Soil

2. Which of the following correctly shows the layers of the earth in order from
outside to inside?
a. Lithosphere, plates, faults and core
b. Crust, mantle, outter core, and inner core
c. Lithosphere, faults, plates and core
d. Crust, mantle, inner core and outter core

3. What is the temperature shown on the thermometer below?

a. -2 degrees
b. -1.5 degrees
c. 2 degrees
d. -3 degrees
4. Which person would you expect to have the most valid results from an
experiment on a new type of rock?
a. A biologist
b. A geologist
c. A chemist
d. A veterinarian
5. Which of the following is a type of oceanic-oceanic collisions between
lithospheric plates?
1) Two continental plates collide
2) One continental and one oceanic plate collide
3) Two oceanic plates collide
a. Number 1 only
b. Number 2 only
c. Numbers 1 and 3
d. Numbers 1, 2, and 3

6. By studying fossils, scientists can learn

a. How much food animals ate millions of years ago
b. How the earths climate has changed over time
c. What types of clothes wore hundreds of years ago
d. Nothing
7. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and the formation of mountains are all a
result of
a. Erosion
b. Plate Tectonics
c. Weathering
d. Deposition
8. When working with an unknown substance, what should you do to figure
out what the substance is?
a. Taste it
b. Follow the teachers procedure
c. Smell it
d. Put your finger in it to see the temperature
9. Which of the following is the raw material from which sedimentary rocks
are formed?
a. Lava from volcanic eruptions
b. Magma from the mantle
c. Weathered remains of other rocks
d. None of these
10. Sand on a beach is covered by other layers of sand over time. The extra
layers compress the first layer, packing it tighter and tighter. Over time, the
bottom layers of sand have formed into sandstone, with colored bands
showing the different layers.
What kind of rock can sandstone be classified as?
a. Sedimentary rock
c. Metamorphic Rock

b. Igneous Rock
d. Volcanic Rock

11. Which of the following processes most directly helps create soil from
rocks?
a. Melting
b. Pressure
c. Plate Tectonics
d. Weathering
12. Sea-floor spreading is a valuable theory as it relates to plate tectonics
because
a. It replaced plate tectonics as the main theory explaining geologic processes.
b. It was combined with the theory of continental drift to form one unified
explanation.

c. It disproved the theory of continental drift by providing evidence that

tectonic plates cannot move vast distances.
d. It showed how the spreading of the ocean floor can cause earthquakes, which
explained continental drift
13. _______ rock can be changed directly into _______ rock with the application of
heat and pressure.
a. igneous, Sedimentary
b. Sedimentary, Metamorphic
c. Metamorphic, Sedimentary
d. Sedimentary, Igneous
14. Which of the physical processes below results in the formation of

metamorphic rocks?
a. Deposition and eruption
b. Heat and Pressure
c. Weathering and Erosion
d. Cooling and crystallization
15. Which of the following is true about the lithospheric plates?
a. They move occasionally
b. They never move

c. They move annually

d. They constantly move
16. Which type of rock is created when lava cools and hardens?
a. Metamorphic
b. Sedimentary
c. Igneous
d. Cement
17. Which rock type can be formed by adding heat and pressure to any of the three
types of rock?

a. Igneous Rock
b. No rock type forms this way
c. Metamorphic Rock
d. Sedimentary Rock
18. Which of the following lists the Earths layers in order from hottest to

coldest in temperature?
a. Outer core, mantle, inner core, crust
b. Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
c. Mantle, crust, inner core, outer core
d. Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
19. Which of the following lists the composition of the Earths outer core?
a. Oxygen, magnesium, iron, aluminum, and calcium
b. Iron, nickel
c. Silicon, aluminum, calcium, sodium and potassium
d. calcium, potassium
20. Which layer of the Earth is composed of liquid iron and nickel?
a. Mantle
b. Inner Core
c. Outer Core
d. Crust
Please circle true or false for the following questions

21. The three types of rocks are sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic. True/false

22. Igneous rocks have been changed by heat and pressure. True/false
23. Metamorphic rocks form when materials settle into layers and harden.
True/false

24. Lava comes out from inside the earth, an igneous rock once cooled. True/false
25. Two types of igneous rocks are intrusive and extrusive. True/False
26. The minerals in rocks are what make rocks look different from other rocks.
True/False

27. Minerals are made from solid objects that have never been alive.
True/False
28. A type of Sedimentary rock would be limestone. True/False
29. Soil Horizons start out as Bedrock. True/False
30. There are 5 total soil horizons, Bedrock, horizon A, B, C and organic
material. True/False