706 CHAPTER 26 PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS of aand b and the standard deviation of residuals for a least-squares ft using the linear equation ¥ =a + BX. 2644, ‘The least-squares estimates of A and B in the bivariate regression equation y = A + BX are A = 2.0 and B = 1.0, where y is a transformation defined as log, ¥. If ¥ and Xare related by ¥ = a(b)*, determine the values of a and b. 2645. Given a table of ten values of mean annual floods and corresponding drainage areas for a number of drainage basins, state how linear regression techniques would be used to determine the coefficient and exponent (p and g) in the equation Q5; = pA. 2646, What choice of transformed variables V and X would provide a linear transformation for y = a/(x’ + 6)? Also, if a regression on these transformed variables yields ¥ = 100 + 10X, determine the corresponding values of « and b, Would the linear transformation be applicable to all possible pairs and values of x and y? 26.47, Which measure of variation in a regression ¥ = a + bX is generally larger in magni- tude, the standard deviation of ¥ or the standard deviation of residuals? For what condition would the two values be equal? REFERENCES 1, Ven T. Chow, “Statistical and Probability Analysis of Hydrologic Data,” See. 8-1. in Handbook of Applied Hydrology (V. T. Chow, ed,). New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964. Fiering, “Information Analysis," in Water Supply and Waste Water Removal (G. M. Fair, JC. Geyer, and D. A, Okun, eds,), New York: Wiley, 1966, Chap, 4. 3. JR. Benjamin and C, Cornell, Probability, Statistics and Decision for Civil Engineers. New York: MeGraw-Hill, 1969. 4. A.M. Mood and F. A. Graybill, dntroduction to the Theory of Statistics, 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1963 5A. 5 Dunst, Qualty Control end Sa‘tces. Homewood, It: Rihana Tew at, 6. P. G. Hoel, datroduction to Mathematical Statisties, 3d ed. New York: Wiley, 1962. 7. J. Aitchison and J. A.C, Brown, The Log-Normal Distribution. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1957, H.A. Foster, “Theoretical Frequency Curves,” Trans. ASCE 87, 142—203(1924), L. R. Beard, Statistical Methods in Hydrology, Civil Works Investigations, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Sacramento District, 1962. 10. “A Uniform Technique for Determining Flood Flow Frequencies,” Bull, No. 17B, U.S. Geological Survey, 1989. 11, “Now Tables of Percentage Points of the Pearson Type ILI Distribution,” Tech. Release No, 38, Central Technical Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1968, 12, M. B. Fiering, Streamflow Synthesis. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1967 13, FE. Perkins, Simulation Lecture Notes, Summer Institute, “Applied Mathematical Pro- gramming in Water Resources," University of Nebraska, 1970. 14, E. J. Gumbel, “The Return Period of Flood Flows,” Ann. Math. Statist. 12(2), 163~ 190(June 1941). 15, Ven T. Chow, “The Log-Probability and Its Engineering Application,” Proc. ASCE 80, 1-25(Nov. 1954), 16. “Probability Tables and Other Analysis of Extreme Value Data,” Series 22, National Bureau of Standards Applied Mathematics, 1953 17, E. J. Gumbel, Statistics of Extremes, New York: Columbia University Press, 1958,