Agricultural Implement With Combined Down Force and Depth Control

(2) oy ow 2 3) wo en @ 6s) (2 on} 68) United States Patent Adams et al. AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENT WITH COMBINED DOWN FORCE AND DEPTH CONTROL, Applicant: CNH Ameriea LLC, New Holland, PA, ws) Inventors; Brian T. Adams, Centralia, MO (US); Keith W, Wendte, Willowbrook, IL (US) Assignee: CNH Industrial Ameriea LLC, New Holland, PA (US) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term ofthis patent is extended ot adjusted under 35 USC. 1546) by 72 days, This patent is subjeet to a terminal dis- claims, Appl. No 19967873 Filed: Aug. 15,2013 Prior Publication Data 2OIMOSI96IAL Dee. 5,2013 Related US. Application Data Division of application No, 120870:94, filed on Avg 30, 2010, now Pat. No. 8.522.889 In.Cl. ALB 3308 ‘ALB 63/111 (2006.01) (2005.01) (Continued OLB 33/087 (2013.01), AOLB 63/111 (2013.01); a07C S64 2013.01): AOTC 57068 (2013.01); AOTC 7203 2013.01): AOIC 7205 (201301) Field of Classification Search CPC. AOIB 38087; AOIB 3808; AOTB 33/00; 'US009215837B2 (10) Patent No. 4s) Date of Patent: US 9,215,837 B2 *Dee. 22, 2015 A011 63/10; AOIB 63/02; AO1B 63/00; AOIB 63/111: AIC 7/205: ADIC 5/00 AIC 5106; ADIC 5/062; AOLC 5/068: AIC 51066: AOIC 5/068: ADIC 710: AOIC 7108; AOIC 7/20; AOIC 7/201; AOIC 708 172/2, 4; 701/50; 111/200, 900,903, 111/52, 59-66, 134-137, 69-71, 79,81 111/139, 140, 143, 149, 151, 157, 163-168, 111/190-195| ‘See pplication ile for complete search history usec 66) References Cited US. PATENT DOCUMENTS 4176721 121979 Poggensileret a $210260 8 "71980 Lonel (Continved) OTHER PUBLICATIONS US. Appl No, 13967, fed Aug. 15.2013, Adams ta (Continved) Primary Examiner (74) Attornes Agent oF Firm Christopher INovossd Rebecca L, Heakel on An agricultural implement system is provided that incades 3 ‘down force cylinder eonfigured to apply a downeard force ‘row unit and a depth contol cylinder configured to vary & penetration depth of ground engaging tool ofthe ow uni. The agricultural implement system also includes a valve assembly in uid communication with the dvsn free eylin der and the depth contol cylinder. The valve assembly is configured to amtomatically adjust the downward foree by varying Muid pressure within the down force eylinder based ‘on Mid presse within the depth contro cylinder, ABSTRACT 3.Claimns,§ Drawing Sheets wes awe Graig |S teUS 9,215,837 B2 Page 2 (1) Ime 6.2167 BL 42001. Bockt {6349.909 BL $2002 Diallo eee ey ‘sestaes br 22001 pine AvIc 720 (2006.01) S5OL887 BI 32004 emenet a (6761500 8273004 Kovach ea 56 References Cited sere BE 122001 Went oe Hiortis 2S 2007 Wente eat [ENTS 7304859 B2 122007 Wendt eta. Ceuta 7398769 82 ‘7/008 Jensen oh foe ear FA01861 BL 72008 Ke aesaee nee aiioed eoueette aan TASLI7S BL 1/2609 Pomedli etal Steroid ioe se SAi717 B2 $2013 Alam etal ¥ fee aooeostvaor AT 9006 Sour ta: B2ag73 A 111993 Te eta doosinos a SSMU A ‘tops Tone tal aoowo08747s AL 22008 Stele ta 5524500 AG 1990 Caner OTHER PUBLICATIONS @m339 A 62000 Fame ca 8107340 A 62000 Flame ea US. Appl. No. 13800,427, fled May 9, 2013, Adams etaU.S. Patent Dec. 22, 2015 Sheet 1 of 5 US 9,215,837 B2US 9,215,837 B2 Sheet 2 of 5 Dec. 22, 2015 U.S, PatentUS 9,215,837 B2 Sheet 3 of 5 Dec. 22, 2015 U.S, Patent ‘v0L 201 901: orl 0uNOS “OLLWANINd OL get 261 pt] JOVANI 801 00T ae € Old CO HLT ell a7 (99) v6.26 \ 091 ent 981] (24 pa tea icameileoe oe oVaeo ae YOSNAS a || Se Be in tim EE 8] Foyy| Soe xv 98 i eu $21 og \ Poe : zél_92i yy Bee onl z ost +7 oz Bagt gg B24) \ or EL 9g2 ove\ \er2\ \ese\ \ve O2t vel ezt 2st pn, 192 t 882 poz 00z\ 912| 822 aie tye ose oezUS 9,215,837 B2 Sheet 4 of 5 Dec. 22, 2015 U.S, Patent oa OL WALSAS TO¥LNOD OLLWWNANd OL vSld ASWASSY MOSN3S 46US 9,215,837 B2 Sheet 5 of 5 Dec. 22, 2015 U.S, Patent 3OuNos ‘SOLLWWMNd OL tL vel . JOVANSINI S$ Old be LN3WSTdN) OLUS 9,215,837 B2 1 AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENT WITH COMBINED DOWN FORCE AND DEPTH ‘CONTROL CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED "APPLICATIONS, ‘This application isa divisional of US. patent application Ser. No. 12/870,949, entitled “AGRICULTURAL IMPLE- MENT WITH COMBINED DOWN FORCE AND DEPTH CONTROL”, filed Aug. 30, 2010, whiei is Berein incorpo- rated by reference in its entirety The invention relates generally to ground working equip ‘ment, such as agricultural equipment, and more spostialy, ‘o an implement incorporating a combined down force and ‘depth contro system maintain substantially usiform seed ‘deposition depth, ‘Generally seeding implements are towed behind 2 tractor ‘or other Work vehicle. For example, a tongue of the imple rent may be eonnected toa drawbar ofthe trator or & mast ‘of the implement may be connected to a 3-point hiteh ofthe tractor. These seoding implements typically include a ground ‘engaging tool or opener that forms a seeding path for seed ‘deposition into the soil, In certain configurations, a gauge ‘wheel is positioned a vertical distance above the opener 10 ‘establish a desired treach depth for seed deposition into the soil. As the implement travels across a field, the opener exc ‘ates a trench ino the sol, and seeds are deposited into the trench. As wil be appreciated, maintaining a constant trench depth provides a substantially uniform soil cover which ‘enhances crop yields Certainimplemens include gauge whee rigidly mounted ‘o the implement at a desired vertical distance above the ‘opener. In suc implement, significant down force may be ‘applied to the gauge whee! to ensure thatthe opener remains atthe desired penetration depth despite variations inthe terrin, Unfortunately, providing sucha down forceto the gauge ‘wheel may compact the soil adjacent to the seed trench, thereby impeding crop growth. Inadditon, because the gage wheel is pressed fimnly against the soil surface, contact between the gauge whee! or the opener and any obstructions (eg, rocks, clods, ete.) may induce an acceleration that propagates through the implement, thereby potentially edue- Ing the operational ife of certain components within the implement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION ‘The present invention provides an implement including 3 valve assembly configured to maintsin a contact force between a gauge wheel and the soil by controlling a dawn ore applied toa ro unit, Inan exemplary embodiment, the sgricultural implement ineludes a down foree eylinder con- Figured to apply» dowusard force tothe row unt, The agri- ‘cultural implement also includes a depth contr eylinder ‘configured to vary a penetation depth of a ground engaging tool of the row unit. Furthermore, the agricultural implement includes a valve assembly in fluid communication with the ‘down force eylinder and the depth contol eylinder. The valve ‘assembly is configured 1 automatieally adjust the downward oree by varying fd pressure within the dewwn forcecylinder based oa uid peessure within the depth control eylinder. la 0 o 2 ‘his manner, the contact force between the pauge wheel and the soil surface may be maintained despite variations in the DRAWINGS ‘These and other features, aspects, and advantages ofthe present invention will hocome beter understood when the Tollowing detsied description is read with reference to the ‘accompanying drawings in which ike characters represent Tike parts throughout the drawings, wherein: TIG. Tis perspective view of an exemplary agricultural ment FIG. 2 is aside view of an exemplary row wait that may be ‘employed within the agricultural implement shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 3a schematic diagram of an exemplary pneumatic system configured to automatically acusta down foreeon the row unit based on pheumati pressure within a depth control exlinder, FIG. 4a schematic diagram ofan alternative pneumatic system configured to sutomsaically equalize a contact force ofa press whee! and a gauze wheel; and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an alternative manual backup system configured to facilitate manual control ofthe ‘heuntate system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION ‘Turning now tothe drawings, FIG. 1 isa perspective view cof an agricultural implement 10, The implement 10 is ‘signed tobe towed behind a work vehicle sich as tractor The implement 10 includes a tongue assembly 12 which is shown in the form of an A-frame bitch assembly: The tongue assembly 12 may include a hitch used o attach to an appro- priate tractor bitch via a ball, clevis, or other coupling. For ‘example, a tongue of the implement may be connected to a rawhar of the tractor, or @ mast ofthe implentent may be ‘connected to 3-point hitch ofthe trator. The tongue assembly 12 is coupled toa tool bar 1d which supports multiple seeding implements or row units 16, As discussed in detail below. the agricultural implement 10 includes a pcumatic system contigured to automatically adjust down foree on cach row unit 16 based on vid pressure within a depth control cylinder. For example, in certain embodiments, each ‘WW unit 16 includes an opener disk rtaialy coupled to @ chassis ofthe row unit 16 and configured to engage sol. The ‘ow unit 16 also includes a page whee! assembly movably coupled o the chassis and including a gauge wheel config- ‘red to rote eros aso surface to lint a penetration depth of the opener disk into the soil. In addition, the row unit 16 Includes depth contol cylinder extending between the chs sisand the gauge wheel assembly. The depth control eylinder is configured toadjus the penetration depthof theopener disk by varying postion ofthe gauge whee! relative tothe chassis. A down force cylinder extending between the tool barand the chasis is configured to vary a contact force between the gzange wheel and the sol surface. To adjust the contact Force, 8 down force contro valve is provided to regulate a flow of uidto the down force eylinder The row unit 16 also ineldes ‘an actuator coupled tothe down force contol valve and in ‘uid communication with the depth conteol eylinder. The actuator is configured to automatically adjust the contact force by varying the flow of Muid through the down force control valve based on fd pressure within the depth control cylinder. In this manner, the contact force between the gage ‘wheel and the soil surface may he maintained despite varia- ‘ions in the trai,US 9,215,837 B2 3 FIG,2 isa side view of an exemplary row unit 16 that may be employed within the agricultural implement 10 shown ia FIG. 1, Asillustzated, the co unit 16 includes elements 18 of para linkage assembly, also known asa four bar linkage, ‘configured to couple the row unit 16 othe toolbar M4, while ‘enabling verical movement ofthe row unit 16. Inaddition, 2 ‘dawn force cylinder 20 extends betwoen a mounting bracket 22 and a lower portion ofthe parallel linkage to establish # ‘contact force between the row tnt 16 and the sil. The down, {ore cylinder 20 is configured io apply force othe row unit 16 in downward digection 24, thereby ceiving a ground ‘engaging (00 ino Use soil. As will he appreciate, desired Fevel of down force may vary based on sol ype, the degree of tillage applied to the sol, soil moisture content, amount of residue cover andr tool wear among other factors, Because such factors may vary from one side ofthe implement 10 10 the other, different level of down force may be selected for ‘each row unit 16 Furthermore desired level of down force may be depen ‘dent on the speed at whieh the ro unit 16s pulled seross the field. For example, as speed increases, the ground engaging tools may havea tendency 10 rise out ofthe ground due wo the Jneraction between the soil and the tool. Conssquenty, & zreater down forcemaybe applied during higher speed operation to ensure that the ground engaging tools remain at 2 ‘desee! depth. In addition, the weight of the row unit 16 applies force othe ground engaging tools in the downward ‘direction 24, However, a8 seeds and/or eaher produets ate transferred from astorage container within the ow unit 160 the sol, the weight of the row unit 16 decreases. Therefore, the down force eyinder 20 may apply a greater force to the row unit 16 to compensate. Incertain embodiments the down {oree cylinder 20 may be coupled to control system cont ‘ured to autonsatically regulate the presse within the dow force cylinder 20 to maintain a desired contact foree between the ground engaging tools and ie soil. Because each row unit 16 includes an independent down fore eylinder 20, the contact Tozce may vary across the implement 10, thereby establishing a substantially uniform soed deposition depth throughout the field Inthe present embodiment, the parallel linkage elements 18 ace pivotally coupled to a chassis 26 and a frame 28. The fame 28 may be configured to support various elements of the row unit 16 suet as a metering system and a product storage container, for example. As illustrated, the chassis 26 supports an opener assembly 30, a sol losing assembly 32, ‘a press assembly 34, and a residue manager assembly 36. In the present configuration, the opener assembly 30 includes 2 gauge whee! assembly having a gauge whee! 38 and a roat- able arm 40 which Funetions to movably couple the gauge ‘wheel 38 to the chassis 26. The gauge wheel 38 may be Positioned a vertical distance D above an opener disk 42 10 ‘slablsh a desired treach depth for seed deposition int the Soil. As the row unit 16 travels cross a fil the opener disk 42 excavates a trench into the sol, and soeds are deposited intothe trench, The opener assembly 30 also incides a depth ‘contol cylinder 44 extending between the chassis 26 and the rotatable arm 40 of the gauge wheel assembly. The depth contol eylinder 44 is configured to adjust the penetration ‘depth D of the opener disk 42 by varying a postion of the tate wheel 38 relative tothe chasis 26. While one openee assombly’ 30 is illustrated in the present embodiment, it should be appreciated that altemative embodiments may jnchides pair of opener assemblies 30 positioned on opposite sides of the chassis 26. In such configuration, the opener disks 42 may be angled toward one another to establish 3 Wider treach witha the sol 0 o 4 As willbe appreciated, seeds may be deposited within the ‘excavated trench via a seed tube extending between a meter ing system within the frame 28 and the ol. The seed ube exit ‘may be positioned aft ofthe opener assembly 30 and forward of the closing assembly 32 such that seeds flow into the trench. Closing disks 46 ofthe closing assembly 30 pash the excavated soil into the tench, thereby closing the tench. As illustrated, the closing assembly 32 inclides an arm 4 extending between the chassis 26 and the closing disk 46. 8 losing disk cylinder is coupled tothe arm 48 of theclosing assembly 32, and configured to regulate a contaet force between the closing disk 46 andthe soi. Porexample, «lange contet force may’ be applied to effectively push dense soil into the trench, while a relatively small contact foree may be Applied toclosea trench within loose sil. While one closing disk 46 is shown in the present embodiment, it should be apreciated that alternative embodiments may include a pair of disks 46. In addition, cerain embodiments may employ losing wheels instead othe illustrated closing disk 46 ‘Asillusirated, a press wheel 82 of the press wheel assembly Mis positioned af of the closing assembly 32, and serves pack soil on top ofthe deposited seeds. Inthe present embod- en, the press whee assembly 34 inchides anamn S4.extending between the chassis 26 and the press wheel §2. A press ‘whoo eylinder 6 is couple! tothe tm 54 of the press whoo! assembly 34, and configured to reyulate a contact force ‘between the press whoo! $2 and the sil. For example, in dry conditions, it may be desirable o firmly pack soil direedy ‘ver the sods to sea in moisture. In damp conditions, i may be desirable to leave the soil over the seeds faiely Toose in corer to avoid compaction which may result in seed cmisting, The process of excavating a trench into the soi, depositing seeds within the trench, closing the trench and packing soil on {op of the seeds establishes a ow of planted seeds within a field. By employing mulple cow units 16 distributed along the tool bar 14, as showin in EIG. 1, multiple rows of seeds ‘may be planted within the fel, Corian embodiments of the row unit 16 may employ’ a reside manager assembly 36 to prepare the gruind belore ‘ood deposition. As ilusteated, the reside manager assembly $inclddesa whee! 88 coupled tthe chassis 26by an atm 60, The whet 58 includes tage points or fingers 62 configured to break up crop reside om the soil surface. A residue manager evlinder 64 extends froma bracket 66 o the em 60 ofthe residue manager assembly 36, and configured to regulate @ cntaet faree between the wheel §8 and the soil While a single residue manager wheel $8 is shown in the present embodiment, it should be appreciated that altemative ‘mbodinients may include a pair of wheels $8 angled toward ‘one another. In the present embodiment, the reside manager ‘36may serves asliock absorber to dissipate row nit bounce teased by contact with rocks of piles of residue, thereby protecting mechanical components of Uke row unit 16 FIG. 3 sa schematie diagram of an exemplary prewmatic system configured to automaticaly adjust the down foree on ‘hero unit basedon the pneumatie pressure within the depth control cylinder. As illustrated, the present configuration employs a pair of depth contro cylinders. For example, the list depth Control cylinder 44 may’ be wilized to adjust the position of the right gauge wheel 38 with respect to the chassis 26, while a second depth contol eylinder 6 adjusts the position ofa left gatige wheel. Such an embodiment may ‘employ corresponding pair of opener disks positioned adi- ‘ent to each gatige whee. In this configuration, the opener disks may be angled toward one another to establish a wider trench within the sil. While pairof depth contol cylinders 44 and 68 are employed inthe present configuration adjustUS 9,215,837 B2 5 the penetration depth ofa pair of opener disks, it should be appreciated that alemative configurations may employ & single opener assembly with a single depth coateo eylindr, Tn the present configuration, both of the depth contol ‘ylindors 4 and 6 are in Hud communication with dps ‘contol valve 70 configured to regulate a pneumatic pressire ‘within the depth contol eylinders 44 and 68. As ilustrated, the depth control valve 70 is three position! four way rotary leveling valve. The first position 72 is configured to facilitate a flow of sir out of the depth control cylinders 44 and 68, thereby rising the gauge wheels relative to the chassis 26 “The second position T4 is configured to block the flow ofa Jo and out of the eylinders 44 and 68 to hold the gauge wheels a a desied position. The thi position 76 is conflg- ured to facilitate flow of air from a pneumatic source to the the planting depth is deeper than desired, the ECU 96 will ‘etvate the solenoid 94, thereby driving the selection contol valve 88 to the sccond position 92. The ECU 96 will thea ‘ctvate the solenoid 110, thereby driving the inflate/exhaust valve 98 fo the second position 196, In the second position > 106, ar from the pneumatic source will low into the pneumatic supply conduit 100. With the selection conteo] valve 88 in the second position 92, ar from the pneumatic supply ‘conduit 100 will os through the valve 88 and the pneumatic ‘conduit 86 tothe actuator 84 unl a desired pressure within the actustor #4 is achieved, as measured by the pressure sensor 112. Next, the ECU 96 will insirut the electronic sctuator 94 to transition the valve BB to the fist position 9, thereby blocking se low between the supply conduit 100 and the actuator 84. Consequently, pressure within the cap end of the aetuator 84 will be maintained at the desired pressure. As previously discussed, increasing airpressureto the ap end of the actuator 84 crives the depth contol valve 70 toward the thind postion 76, thereby providing the depth contol ylin- ‘ders 44and 68 with ir fromthe supply conduit 78. Asaresult, the gauge wheels will he driven dewnwardly until a desired position is achieved, ‘Once the sensor assembly 97 determines that desired penetration depth has been reached, the ECU 96 will tei fale airflow to the depth control eylinders 44 aad 68. Spe- citially, the ECU 96°will transition the selection contol valve 88 to the second position 92, which establishes uid ‘communication betwoen the conduits 86 and 100, The ECU ‘96 will then transition the inlaelexhaust valve 98 to the second position 104, which facilitates air flow out of the pewinatic supply conduit 100, Consequently, pressure within the cap end of the depth control actuator 84 will ‘decrease as ir exhausts fom the actuator 84s previously sliscussed, the docrease nar pressure will drive thepiston rod ‘of the actuator 84 toward the cap end, thereby inducing the ‘depth control valve 70 to transition tothe second postion 74 hich Blocks airflow to the depth control eylinders44and 68. ‘Once the ECU 96 receives a sj fom the pressure sensor 112 thatthe pressure within the cap end ofthe actuator 84 ‘corresponds ta pressure indicativeof the depth control valve O being in the second position 74, the ECU 96 will transition the selection control valve 88 tothe first postion 90 which blocks Now to the pneumatic supply conduit 86, Conse- ‘quently, pressure within the actuator 84 will be maintained, thereby blocking airflow to the depth control cylinders 44nd 64. It should he appreciated that transitioning the selection ‘contol valve 88 tothe second position 92 and transitioning 8 the infaofexhaust valve 98 othe fist potion 102 enables the prossresensor 112 tomeanure the pressure within thoes en of the actuator 88 nan altemative embodiment, the depth contol valve 70 may becoupled othe gnoge wheel amas 40 by ainkoge such that movement of the gauge wheels 8 aitonsatically adjusts presure To the depth contro cylinders 44 and 68, thereby Fsinsining a desied penetration depth ofthe opener disks 42. For example ithe plntng depth is deeper than desired, the raised poston the gage wheels 38 wil drive the depth congo valve 700 te thi positon 76, thereby providing the ph cotel cylinders 4 and 68 with irom the supply conduit 78. AS a result the gauge wheels 38 will be driven ciownsvardly untla desired positon s achieved. Asthe paige ‘wheels 8 approach the desited postion, the linkage wil deve the depth control valve 70 to the second position T4 ‘which blocks air flow tothe depth contol eylinder and 68, {hereby establishing the desired planting depth, Conversely if te planting depth is shallower than desire, the lowered position of the gauge wheels 38 wil deve the depth contol ‘alve70to the fir position 72, thereby releasing arom the pth contol eslnders 4 and 68. As a res, the gauge ‘wheels 38 ill be driven uporandly wat desired position ichiove, As the gage whiels 38 approach the desired po tion the linkage wil drive the dep contol valve 70 10 the second position 74 which blocks air How feos the depth contol eyinders 4 and 68, thereby establishing the desired planing depth As will be appreciate, ectain row units 16 Include a single gauge whee! 8, gauge wheel arm 40 and depth contol eyinder 44 Tn such embodiment, the depth contolvalve 70-ille coupled othe gage wheel ann 0 by the linkage. However. if the row unit 16 employs two gauge ‘wheels 38 two gnoge whe! ams 40 and two depth contol Cylinders 44 and 68, the Hnkoge may be configured to ‘Bechanically average the position of the gauge wheels 38 Such that dept contol valve position is adjusted bsedon the ‘vor planting depth “Te illustrate 0 tit 16 also inelodes a blocking valve 114 configured to maintain presire within the depth contol cylinders 44 and 68 while the implement 10 isin a non- ‘working position. For example in cran configurations the tool bar May beraised above the around ata headland ofa Field such that the row units 16 discoasge the soil. Ln this non-working poston theimlement 10 ay beewatd atthe ‘eadland and aligned wit the next series of rows wilhout the 0 mits 16 excavating tenches or depositing seeds within the headin, Maintaining ae pressure within the depth con- te eyindors 4 and 68 while the implement 10 1 in the onsworking position caste that the gange wheel position willremain substantially unchanged whea the row unit reen- ‘iges the soi. A illustrated, he blocking valve 1M ineldes fit positon 116 ht fitter lo tothe depth contol Cylinders 4 and 68, nd a second position 118 a bloeks the ‘eflow: Inthe presnt embodiment th blocking valve 14s actuated by the parallel inkage 18 coupled to he too bar 1 Consequently. when the toolbar 14 transitions tothe non ‘working postion, the blocking valve 114 is driven to the Second position 118 which blocks air ow Coaversly when te tool bar 14 sin the working position, the Bloeking valve 114s dive to heft position 116 such thatthe pressure to tbecplindes 44 and 68 nay be regulated as Jesribed above To thellustrated embodiment dawn fore contol valve 120 in Haid commanication with the dove fore cylinder 20, Thedown force contro valve 120s configu to repute a pressure within the downforce eslinder 20, thereby au dng the contact force between the gage whee and the sc Inthe present embodiment, the down force contol valve 120US 9,215,837 B2 9 js a tive position/four way rotary leveling valve, The fist position 122 is configured to block sir low to the down force ‘ylinder20, the second position 124s configured to facilitate flow int the down force eyfinder 20, and the third position 126; configured to ficlitate airflow out ofthe dawn force cylinder 20. As illustrated, a pacumatic conduit 128 extends between the dawn free contol valve 120 and the pneumatic supply conduit 78, and 3 pacumatic conduit 130 extends between the dowen force contro valve 120 and the down force cylinder 20. Consequently, while the down force contol valve 120s inthe second position 124, airmay flow from the peutic sourve tothe eap end the down forve elinder 20 ia the conduits 78, 128 and 130, and tho valve 120, As illustrated, the position ofthe down force contro valve 120 is regulated by a down foree control aetustor 132. Inthe present configuration, the down force control actuator 132 is «a double acting pneumatic eylinder having a pneumatic supply condhit 134 coupled to the rod end ofthe cylinder. ln this ‘configuration the dawn fore contol valve 120 may be atu ated by increasing or decreasing pressure othe rod end of the actuator 132. For example, in the present configuration, increasing pressure to the rod end drives the down force ‘contol valve 120 toward the second position 124, thereby providing air pressure to the dawn foree eylinder 20. Con- versely, doceasing pressure tothe actuator 132 allows pressure within the cap end tounge the piston toward the rod end, thereby diving the down force control valve 120 tothe third positon 126 hat releases sir rom the dow foree cylinder 2. TInthe presen configuration, the pressure within the pew rmatie supply conduit 134 is controled by seloetion control valve 136, Asillstrated, the seletion control valve 136 i 2 ‘Wo position/two way paeumatic valve. The frst positon 138 Js configured to block air How through the valve, while the second postion 140 facilitates air flow to the down force ‘control actor 132, An electronic actuator 142 (es. sole noid regulates the position of the selection control valve 136. ‘The electronic actuator 142 is communicatively coupled t0 the FCU 96 which is configured to vary the postion of the scletion control valve 136 to achieve a desired pressure ‘within the aetuator 132, Consequently, the ECU 96 may auto ‘matically regulate the force applied by the dewsn force eyin- ‘der 20, For example, an operator may input a desired down, ore into user interface 144. The user interlace M44 may then output a signal to dhe ECU 96 indicative of the desired ‘dowa force such that the ECU 96 adjusts the pressure within the down foree senator 192 1 achieve the desired force Ia ‘certain embodiments, the sensor assembly 97 may be config ured to measure the down force applied by the down force ‘ylinder 20. For example, the sensor assembly 97 may ‘include a pressure sensor in fluid communication with the ‘conduit 130 and configured o output signal indicative ofthe ore applied by the doen foree cylinder 20, In such emboxt- is, the ECU 96 may automaticaly regulate pressure ‘within the sctestor 132 to maintain the desired down force "The selection control valve 136 is Mhidly coupled to the exhaust valve 98 via the pneumatic supply conduit 100. As previously discussed, the inlate/exhaust valve 98 is three positioa/four way valve. The fist position 102 is configured to block se flow between the paeumstie supply con ‘duit 100 and he pneumatie source, the second position 104s, ‘configured to ficiltate airflow out of the pneumatic supply ‘conduit 100, and the third position 106 sconfiguredto idly ‘couple the pneumatic source tothe pneumatic supply conduit 100. By adjusting the position of the inflate/exhats valve 98, the ECU 96 may selectively provide air to the pneumatic supply conduit 100, maintain air pressore within the pc- malic supply conduit 100, or release air from the pneumatic 0 o 10 supply conduit 100, In tis configuration, the BCU 96 may provide desired pressure to the selection control valve 136 by adjusting the position ofthe infatelexhaust valve 98 via the actuators 108 and 110, "As previously diseussod, the ECU 96s configured to suto- matically regulate the force applied by the dows force eyinder 20, For example, ifthe force is lower than desired, the [ECU 96 will activate the solenoid 142, thereby driving the section control valve 136 tothe second penition 140. The [ECU 96 will then activate the solenoid 110, thereby driving the infteexhiaust valve 98 to the second position 106, nthe second postion 106, ar from the pneumatic source will ow into the pneumatic Supply conduit 100. With the selection control valve 136 in the second position 140, air from the ‘pneumatic supply conduit 100 wil ow through the valve 136 and the pneumatic conduit 134 to the actuator 132 until a ‘desired pressure within the actuator 192 is achieved, 2s measured by the pressure sensor 112. Next, the BCU 96 will instruct the electronic actuator 142 to transition the valve 136 tothe frst postion 138, thereby blocking we low between the supply eondit 100 and the actuator 132. Consequently re sre within the rod end of the actuator 132 willbe msinained atthe desired pressure. As previously discussed, increasing sirpressure to the rod end of the aetuator 132 drives the down force control valve 120 toward the second position 124 thereby providing the down force eylinder 20 with sie fo the supply conduits T8 and 128. Asa result, the free applied by the down foreeeylinder 20 will increase until dhe desired {ree is achieved ‘Once the desired down fore is reached, the ECU 96 will terminate air flow to the down force eylinder 20. Specially, the ECU 96 will transition the selection contra valve 136 40 the second position 140 which establishes Fi communic ‘ion between the conduits 134 and 100, The ECU96 will thea transition the inflateexhaust valve 98 tothe second position 104 which facilitates ar low out of the pueumatie supply cont 100, Consequently, pressure within the rod endo the ‘dovsa fogoe actuator 132 wl decreases ie exhausts from the fctustor 132. As previously discussed, the decrease in air pressure will drive the piston od ofthe aetuator 132 toward the rod end, thereby inducing the down force contol valve 120 transition to the frst position 122 which blocks airflow to the down force eylinder 20, Once the ECU 96 receives a signal from the pressure sensor 112 that dhe pressure within the rod end of the actuator 132 corresponds to a presse indieative of the down force coateol valve 120 being in the fit position 122, the ECU 96 will ansition the selection control valve 136 to the first postion 138 which Blocks flow ‘o the pneumatic supply conduit 134. Consequently, pressure ‘within the actuator 132 wil be maintained, thereby blocking air flow tothe down force eylinder 20. It should be appreciated that transitioning the selection conto! valve 136 to the ‘sevond position 140 aod transitioning the inflateexbaust valve 98 tothe first position 102 enables the pressure sensor 112 to measure the pressure Within therodend of the actuator 132, As previously discussed, the down force actuator 132 isa ‘double acting eylinder having fluid connections to both the rod end and the cap end. Consequently, in addition to eon- ‘wolling the setuator 132 by varying theair pressure within the rex! end, a8 described above, the actuator 132 may be controlled by varying the ar pressure within the cop end. Inthe illustrated embodiment, pneumatic conduit 145 extends between the depth control conduit 80 and the eap end ofthe down fore actuator 132. In this configuration a valveassem- bh: including the actuator 132 and the down force control valve 120, facilitates automatic adjustment of the contactUS 9,215,837 B2 uw Jorce between the yange wheels and the soil by varying the pressure within the down force cylinder 20 based on ae pressure within dhe dept control eylinders 44 and 68. ‘A desired penetration depth ofthe opener disks may be ‘established by varying the positon ofthe gauge wheels. Spe~ ‘iially, pressure within the cap end of the depth contol ‘ylinders 44 and 68 may be adjusted to achieve the desired lgnige wel position. However, sith the rw unit 16 in 2 seady state condition (eg. not moving, moving along & substantially fst surface et), the pressure within the cap end ‘ofthe depth control cylinders 44 and 68 will remain substantially constant. Consequently the pressure within the cup end ‘of the down force aetustor 132 will remain substantially ‘constant due tothe uid connection between the eylinders 44 and 68 and the actuator 132.Asaresult, while the ow unit 16 Jsina steady state condition, the down force may be regulated asdeseribed above, ie, by varying pressure tothe rod enc of the actuator 132, However, once the seletion contol valve 136s inthe fistpositon 138 such that ir ow to the rod end ‘of the actuator 132 is locked, any subsequent change to the 2 pressure within the eap end of the actuator 132 wil drive the ‘down force control valve 120 toward the second position 124 ‘oF the third position 126, Certain variations in the terrin may induce the gauge ‘wheels to move uprsanly relative to the opener disks. In sich, 4 situation, the ECU 96 or the linkage between the depth ‘contol valve 70 and the gauge wheel arm 40 may sutomati- ‘ally increase pressure tothe depth contol cylinders 44 and 68 to compensate, thereby maintaining the desired opener ‘disk penetration depth. However, inreasing pressure to the ‘ylinders 44 and 68 also increases the contact force between, the gnuge wheelsand the sol. Aspreviously discussed, excessive contact foree may result in compacted soil which impedes the growth of seeds deposited within the soil. Con sequently. the valve assembly may sulomatically reduce the rc applied by the down foree cylinder 20 in response (oan ‘increase in pressure within the eylinders 44 and 68. In this ‘manner, the contact fore between the gauge wheels and the soil may be maintained despite variations in the tein For example, an inerease in pressure within the cap end of the depth contol cylinders 4 and 68 will increase pressre ‘within the cap end ofthe dow force actuator 132 via thei ‘connection established by the pucumatic conduit 145, As wil, be appreciated, the pressure increase within the cap endof the ‘etuslor 132 will drive the down force control valve 120 towant the third postion 126 that facilitates airflow from the ‘down force cylinder 20.As a result the force applied by the ‘ylinder 20 will decrease, thereby resulting ina reduced contact force between the gauge Wheels and the soil. AS the ‘contact force decreases the pressure withinthe esp endof the ‘depth contol cylinders 44 and 68 will decrease. Conse ‘quently, the pressure within the cap end of the actuator 132, will be ecluced, thereby transitioning the down force control valve 120 back tothe first position 122 that blacks a lw to the down fore cylinder 20. In this manner, the contaet force between the gauge wheels and the soil may be automatically ‘maintained despite an increase in pressure within the depth ‘contol eylinders 44 and 68, ‘Conversely, certain conditions may induce the gauge wheels to move downwardly relative to the opener disks. For ‘example, as the quantity of seed and/or ferlizer wikia the row unit 16 decreases, the penetration depth of the opener ‘disks int the soil wll be reduced dhe to the derease in row unit weight. To compensate, the depth contro valve 70 may ‘decrease pressure (0 the depth control eylinders 44 and 68, thereby raising the gatige wheels elative to the opener disks However, decreasing pressure to the cylinders 44 and 68 also 0 o 12 decreases the contact force between the gauge wheels and the sil, I'he contact force isto low the opener disks may ise cut of the ground, Consequently, the valve assembly may ‘omatically increase the force applied by the down foree eylinder 20 in response tothe deerease in pressure within the cylinders 44 and 68, In this manner, the contact force between the gauge wheels and the soil may be maintained despite variations in row unit weight. For example, a decrease in pressure within the ep end of the depth control eylinders 44 and 68 will decrease pressure within the cap endof the down aree actuator 132 va the vid ‘connection established by the pneumatic conduit 148. As will beappreciated the presse deeroase within thecap ead ofthe ‘aetutor 132 will drive the dosin forceconteol valve 12010 the second position 124 that facilitates ar flow ino the eylinder 20 fiom the pneumatic conduit 128. As a result, the force Applied by the eylinder 20 will increase, thereby resulting in fan increased contact force hetwoen the gauge wheels and the Soil. AS the contact force inereases, the pressure within the ‘ap end of the depth control cylinders 44nd 68 will increase, (Consequently, the pressure within the cap end of the actuator 132 will rise, thereby irinsitioning the down Toree control valve 120 hack othe frst position 122 that blocks i ow to the down fore eylinder 20. In this manner, the contact force ‘between the gauge wheels andthe soil may be automaticaly ined despite a decrease in pressure within the depth ‘control cylinders 44 and 68 As wll beappreciated, the down force actuator 132 may be particularly configured to induce a desired degree of move- ‘met within the down foece contol valve 120 in response 10 variations in depth contol eyliner pressure. For example, the length and/or width ofthe double noting cylinder may be configured to achieve a desired dynamic response (ep easel aisse ea teoueesunaa ener In addition, the acwator 132 may include valves andior springs configured tobias the piston to th eap end or the rod end ofthecylinder, thereby establishing a desired relationship between pressure and piston rod movement ‘The illstate ro init 16 also includes a blocking valve 146 configured to maintain pressure within the down force cylinder 20 while the implement 10 js inthe non-working position. As previously discussed, the tool bar 14 may’ be fised above the ground at a hadland of a field such thatthe ow units 16 disengsge the soil. In this uon-working position, the implement 10 may be rotated atthe headland and aligned ‘with the next series of rows without the ow units 16 excavating trenches or depositing seeds within the headland. Main- ‘aining ar pressure within the down fore cylinder 20 while ‘the implement 10 is in the non-working postion ensures that the davsn force will remain substantially unchanged when the ‘ow unit eengages the sol. As illustrated the blocking valve 146 includes first position 148 that facilitates ar flow the down force eylinder 20, anda second position 180 that blocks the airflow, Inthe present embodiment, the blocking valve 146 i actuated by the parallel linkage 18 coupled to the tool bar 14. Consequently, when the tol bar 14 transitions to the ‘non-working positon, the Blocking valve 146 s driven tothe second postion 150 which blocks air low: Conversely, when the toolbar 1 is in the working postion, the Blocking valve 146 3s driven to the first positon 148 such that the pressure to the down force cylinder 20 may be regulated as described above, ‘nthe lusrated embodiment, therow unit #6alsoinchdes 1 pressure relief valve 182 in id communication with the ‘pneumatic conduit 130. In sis configuration, ifthe pressure ‘within thecap endof the cylinder 20 execeds a predetermined level, the pressure relief valve 152 will open, thereby redne-US 9,215,837 B2 13 Jing the pressure in the cylinder 20. For example, ifthe row unit 16 encounters a rock or other obstruction in the sol, the row unit 16 ill be driven upwardly. As a result air pressure the cap end ofthe eylinder 20 wil inerease rapidly. In sueh a situation, the pressure relief valve 182 will open, thereby decreasing the pressurend substantially reducing oF ‘eliminating the possibilty of excessive wear of pneumatic ‘componeals. In alternative embodiments, the pneumatic ‘components may he particularly configured to resist pes> sures associated with full upward displacement of the ow unit 16. In such embodiments, the pressure relief valve 152 may be omitted “The illustrated embostiment also includes a closing disk hast valve 98, For example, an operator may input a desired ‘contact fore into the user interface 144, The user interface 1144 may then outpt a signal to the PCL 96 indicative of the desires eontact force such that the ECU 96 adjusts the pres. sure within the closing disk eylinder 0 to achieve the desired Tore. In certain embodiments, the sensor assembly 97 my be configured to measure a degree of soil compaction. For ‘example, the sensor asembly 97 may include a sol profile sensor or other device capable of quantifying soil compaction ‘and outputting a signal indicative of soil compaction to the ECU96, Altematively, acourseestimation of sileompaction may be determined by measuring the pressure within the down force eyinder 20, The ECU 96 may then compute the “desired contact foree based on the degree of compaction. For ‘example, a large contact force may be applied to effectively push dense ol imo the trench, while a relatively small contact foree may be applied to closes trench within loose sol. In this manne, the ECU 96 may automatically adjust air pressure to the closing disk cylinder 80 based on the detected soil ‘compaction, Inthe present configuration, the pressure within theclosing «isk cylinder 50 is controlled by the selection control valve 186. As illustrated, the selection contol valve 186 is a two positionwo way pneumatic valve, The fist position 188 is ‘configured to block air Now through the valve, while the Second position 160 facilitates air low to the closing disk ‘vlinder 50, An electronic acnator 162 (eg, solenoid) rept Jates the position of the selection control valve 186. The ‘elecieonie aemiator 162 is comsmnnicatively eoupled to the ECU 96 which is configured to vary the positon of the selection contal valve 156 to achieve desired pressure within the cylinder 50. Consequently, the ECU 96 may automatically regulate the coniat force applied by the closing disk eylinder 50 ‘The selection control valve 186 is fidly coupled to the exhaust valve 98 via the pneumatic supply conduit 100. As previously discussed, the inlate/exhaust valve 98 is three positioa/four way valve. The fist position 102 is configured to block se flow between the paeumstie supply con ‘duit 100 and he pneumatie source, the second position 104s, ‘configured to ficiltate airflow out of the pneumatic supply ‘conduit 100, and the third position 106 sconfiguredto idly ‘couple the pneumatic source tothe pneumatic supply conduit 100. By adjusting the position of the inflate/exhats valve 98, the ECU 96 may selectively provide air to the pneumatic supply conduit 100, maintain air pressore within the pc- malic supply conduit 100, or release air from the pneumatic 0 o 14 supply conduit 100, In tis configuration, the BCU 96 may provide a desired pressure tothe closing disk cylinder $0 by Aajusting the position of the inflateexhaust valve 98 via the ‘actuators 108 and 110. For example, to increase pressure to the eap end of the closing disk eylinder $0, the FCU 96 will activate the sale- ‘od 162, thereby driving the selection contro valve 156 10 the second position 160. The PCL 96 will then activate the solenoid 110, thereby driving the inflate/exhaust valve 98 t0 the second postion 106, ln the second positon 106, ai irom the pneumtie source Will fw into the pneumatic supply ‘oncuit 100, Wit the seletion congo valve 156 in the sec- ‘ond postion 160, ir from the pneumatic supply conduit 100 ‘sill Mow through the valve 186 and the pncumatie conduit 154 tothe closing disk eylinder $0 until a desired pressure within the cylinder 80 is achieved, as measured by the pressre sensor 112. Next, the ECU 96 will nsteet the electronic ‘ctustor 162 o transition the valve 156 tothe frst position 158, thereby blocking airflow between the supply conduit 100 and the eylinder $0. Consequently, pressure within the cap end of the cylinder $0 will be maintained at the desis pressure. Conversely, to decrease pressure within the cap end ofthe closing disk eylinder $0, the FCU 96 will transition the selee- ‘ion control valve 156 to the second position 160 which ‘establishes fluid communication between the conduits 154 and 10. The ECU 96 will then transition the inflatetexhaust valve 98 tothe second position 104 which fecilitates ar Now ‘ut the pneumatic supply condsit 100. Consequently, re ‘sre within the eap end of the closing disk cylinder 50 will ‘decrease as air exhaust fom the cylinder 50, Oe the ECU 96 receives a signal from the pressure sensor 112 that the pressure within the cap endo the elosing disk cylinder SO has relied a desired level, the ECU 96 will trasition he selee- tion control valve 186 to te fist position 158 which blocks ow to the pneumatic supply conduit 184, Consequently, pressure within the closing disk eylinder 80 will be main- ‘ained, In this manner, the FCU 96 may automatically reg late the cantact force applied by the closing disk cylinder 0 in response fo either operator input or detected soil compaction, It should be appreciated that transitioning the selection ‘control valve 15610 the secon position 160 and transitioning the inlatlexhaust valve 98 tothe fist position 102 enables thepressure sensor 112 tomeasuee the pressure within thecap fend of the closing disk cylinder 80, ‘In addition, the illustrated embodiment includes a press wheel eylinder §6 configured to regulate a contact force between the press whee! and the sil. As ilustrated, a paen- ‘matic supply conduit 166 extends between a cap end of the evlinder 56 and a selection contol valve 168. Similar t0 ‘adjusting the pressure within the closing disk cylinder 80, the ECU 96 isconfigured to eyulate the pressure within the press wheel evlinder $6 by operating the selection control valve 168 and the intakefexhaust valve 98. Por example, anoperator ‘may input a desired contact force into the user interface 144 ‘The user interface 14 may then output signal tothe PCU 96 indicative of the desired contact force such thatthe ECU 96 adjusts the pressure within the press wheel cylinder 56 t0 ‘achieve the desired Force. in erin embodiments, the sensor assembly 97 may be configured fo measure soil moistore ‘content, For example, the sensor assembly 97 may include a soil density sensor or other device capable of quantifying soil ‘moisture and outputting signal indicative of soil moistreto the BCU96. In such embodiments, the ECU 96 may compute ‘the desired contact force based on the signal. Forexaample, ia dy conditions, it may be desirable to firmly pack soil directly ‘over the seeds to seal in moisture, In damp conditionUS 9,215,837 B2 15, be desirable to leave the soil over the sew fel loose ‘onde to void compaction which may result in seed crusting, In this manner, the ECU 96 may automtically adjust ait pressure to the press whee! cylinder 86 based on the detected Soil moisture level Inthe present configuration, the pressure within the press ‘wheel cylinder 86 is controlled by the selection control valve 168. As illustrated, the selection contol valve 168 isa two position/two way pneumatic valve. The fist positon 170 is ‘configured to block air flow through the valve, while the Second position 172 Fisilitates air How tothe press whee) ‘vlinder 86. An electronic aeautor 174 (eg, solenoid) regu Tates the position of the selection control valve 168. The ‘elecironie aemator 174 is comsmnaicatively eoupled to the ECU 96 which is configured to vary the positon of the selection contol valve 168to achievea desired pressure within the ‘ylinder 56. Consequently, the ECU 96 may automatically regulate the contact force appli by the press wheel eylinder 56 “The selection control valve 168 is fidly coupled to the inflate/exhaust valve 98 vis the pneumatic supply condit 100. As previously discussed, the inlate/exhaust valve 98 is the position/four way valve. The frst positon 102 is com- figured to block ae flow between the pacumatie supply on- ‘duit 100 and the pneumatie source, the second positon 104 is ‘configured to ficiltate airflow out of the pneomatie supply ‘conduit 100, andl the third position 106 sconfiguredto idly ‘couple the pneumatic source to the pneumatic supply conduit 100. By adjusting the position of theinflate/exhats valve 98, the ECU 96 may selectively provide air to the pneumatic supply conduit 100, maintain air pressure within the p= malic supply conduit 100, or release air from the pneumatic supply conduit 100, In this configuration, the ECU 96 may prove a desired pressure to the press wheel cylinder 6 by adjusting the position ofthe inflatelexhast valve 98 via the ‘setuators 108 ad 110, For example, o increase pressureto the capend ofthepress ‘wheel eylinder $6, the ECU 96 will activate the solenoid 174, thereby driving the selection contr valve 168 tothe socond position 172, The ECU96 will thea ativate the solenoid 110, thereby driving the inflatelexhaust valve 98 to the second Position 106. In the second positon 106, air from the pnet- ‘matic source will low into the pneumatic supply conduit 100. With the selection control valve 168 in the second position 172, si from the pneumatic supply conduit 100 will flow through the valve 168 and the pneumatic conduit 166 to the press wheel eylinder $6 unl desired pressure within the ‘ylindor 86 is achieved, as measured by the pressure sensor 112. Next, the ECU 96 will instruct the electonie actuator 174 to wansition the valve 168 to the fist postion 170, thereby blocking ar low between the supply conduit 100 and the eylinder $6. Consequently, pressure Within the cap end oF the cylinder 86 will be msinined atthe desired pressure. ‘Conversely, to decrease pressure within the eap end ofthe press whee! cylinder $6, the ECU 96 will ransition the ele fion control valve 168 to the second position 172 which ‘establishes uid communication hetween the conduits 166 and 100. The ECU 96 will then transition the nflatefexhaust valve 98 the second position 104 which faeiltates air low ‘outof the pneumatic supply conduit 100, Consequently, pressure within the cap end of the press wheel eyliner 56 will ‘decrease as sir exhausts from the eylinder 86. Once the BCU ‘96 receives a signal from the pressure sensor 112 tht the pressure within the cap end ofthe press wheel cylinder S6 has reached. desired level, the FCU 96 wil transition the selee- tion control valve 168 tothe fist position 170 which blocks flow to the pneumatic supply conduit 166. Consequently, 0 o 16 pressure within the press wheel eylinder $6 will be maine fained, In this manner, the ECU 96 may automaticaly roa Jate the contact force applied by the press wheel cylinder $6 in response to either operator input or detected soil moistre! ‘density. I should be appreciated that transitioning the selee- tion contra valve 168 tothe second position 172 and tran ‘ioning the inflatelexhaust valve 98 fo the frst position 102 cnibles the pressure sensor 112 to measure the pressure ‘within the eap end ofthe press whee eylinder 56 ‘The illustrated embodiment also includes a residue manager cylinder 64 configured (0 regulate a eontact force between the residue manager and the soil, As ilustated, ppeuniatie supply conduit 178 extends between a cap end of the eylinder 64 and a seletion contol valve 180. Similar to adjusting the pressure within the closing disk cylinder $0, the ECU 96 is configured to regulate the pressure within the reside manager eylinder 64 by operating the selection control valve 180 and the intakelexhsust valve 98, For example, aan operator may input a desired contat free into the user interlace 144. The utr interface 144 may then oulputasignal tothe PCU 96 indicativeof the desired contact force such that the ECU 96 adjusts the pressure within the residue manager cinder 64 to achieve the desired fore. In erin embodi- ‘ments, the Sensor assembly 97 may be configured to meastre percentage of residue cover: For example the sensor assembly 97 may include an optical sensor or ther device cspable ‘of quantifying residue cover and outputting a signal indicative of residue coverage percentage to the ECU 96. In such embodiments, the FCU 9% may compute the desired contact orce based on the signal. For example, ithe residue cover is greater than the desired percentage, the ECU 96 may increase contact force. Conversely, ifthe residue covers es than the ‘desired percentage, the FCU 96 may decrease contact force. In this manner, the ECU 96 may automatically adjust air pressure fo the residue manager cylinder 64 based on the Gatected residue coverage percentage, Inthe present configuration, the pressure within the residue manager cylinder 64 is controlled hy the seletion contol valve 180, As illustrated, the selection contol valve 180 is a ‘0 position/two way pneumatic valve. The first positon 182 fs configured to block air How thrgh the vale, while the second position 184 ficlitatesair low tothe residue manager cvlinder 64. An electronic actuator 186 (eg. solenoid) regu- Jates the position of the selection conteol valve 180. The clecirnic actuator 186 is communicatively coupled to the ECU 96 which is configured to vary the positon ofthe selee- ‘ion contol valve 180 o achieve a desired pressure within the cylinder 64, Consequently, the FCU 96 may automatically regulate the contact foree applied by the residue manager cylinder 64 The selection control valve 180 is fluidly coupled to the inflatefexhaust valve 98 via the pneumatic supply conduit 100. As previously discussed, the infate‘exhaust valve 98 is a three position/Tour way valve, Te frst position 102 is con- Tigurad to block ae low between the pacumatic supply con- dat 100 andthe pnewmatie soure, the second positon His ‘configured to Titre air ow our of the paeomatie supply ceoncuit 100, andthe thie positon 106 is configured to tuidly ‘soup the peumatie source to the pneuatie supply cot 100. By adjusting the position ofthe inilatelexhaust valve 98, the ECU 96 may selectively provide ai to the pneumatic supply conduit 100, maintain air pressure within the poeu- ‘matie supply conduit 100, of release aie from the pneumatic supply conduit 100. In this configuration, the ECU 96 may provide a desired pressure tothe residue manager elinder 64 by adjusting the position ofthe iniatlexhaust valve 98 vi the actuators 108 aad 110,US 9,215,837 B2 17 For example, 1 increase pressure to the cap end of the residue manager eylinder 64, the ECU 96 will setivate the solenoid 186, thereby driving the selection control valve 180 to the second positon 184, The ECL 96 wll duen activate the solenoid 110, thereby driving the inflaelexhaust valve 98 10 the second postion 106. In the second positon 106, sr rom the pneumatic source will flow into the poeumatic supply ‘conduit 100, With the selection contol valve 180 in the sex ‘ond position 184, ar from the pneumatic supply conduit 100, will low through the valve 180 and the paeumatie conduit 178 othe residve manager cylinder 64 until a desired pres sure Within the eylinder 64 is achieved, as measured by the pressure sensor 112, Next, the ECU 96 will instruct the elec- Tronic actuator 186 to transition the valve 180 to the lst Position 182, thereby blocking airflow between the supply ‘conduit 100 and the cylinder 64. Consequently, pressure within hecap end ofthe cylinder 64 will be maintained atthe desired pressure Conversely, to decrease pressure within the cap end ofthe residue manager eylinder 64, the ECU 96 will ansiion the scletion contol valve 180 1 the second position 184, which ‘establishes fluid communication between the conduits 178 ‘and 100, The ECU 96 will then transition the iflatelexhaust valve 98 tothe second position 104, which ficlitates ar flow ‘outof the pneumatic supply conduit 100, Consequently pres sure within the cap end of the residue manager eylinder 64 Will decease as air exhausts from the eylinder 64, Once the CU 96receivesasignal from the pressure sensor I 12 thatthe pressure within the cap end of the residue manager cylinder {4 has reached a desired Level, the ECU 96 will rasition the scletion conteol valve 180 to the frst postion 182 which blocks fear to the pneumatic supply conduit 178, Conse- “quently, pressure within the residue manager eylinder 64 wil, bbemaintined,Inthis manner, the BCU 96 may automatically regulate the contact foree applied by the residue manager ‘ylinder 64 in response to either operator inp or detected reside cover. It should be appreciated that transitioning the scletion control valve 180 fo the second position 184 and transitioning the inflatetexhaust valve 98 tothe fist position 102 enables the pressure sensor 112 to measure the pressure “within the eap end of the residue manager eylinder 64 Inthe illuseated embodiment, the implement 10 includes 2 ‘manual backup system 188 configured to faiitte manual ‘control of te pneumatic eylinders 20,44, 80,56, 64 und 68a, theevent ofanelectical failure. While the backup system 188 js described as “mana,” i should be appreciated that pees sure regulation within the down force eylinder 20 and the depth contol cylinders 44 and 68 will remain automatic, as described above. In the present embodiment, the manual backup system 188 enables an operator to adjust the pressure to exch evlinder via a series of pressure regulators. As ilustrated, the manual backup system 188 includes a mode select valve 190 configured to automatically ativate the backup system 188 duringan electrical flue. Inthe present embodi- met, the mode select valve 199 isa two posiionithree way Peumatic valve. The first position 192 is configured 10 ‘enable arto flow out of a pilot conduit 194, while the second, positon 196 facilitates aie Now into the pilot condit 194 Irom the pocumatic source. An electronic actuator 198 (e, solenoid) regulates the position of the mode select valve 190. While electrical power is supplied to the actuator 198, the ‘etuator 198 holds the valve 190 in the second position 196 such that air is provided othe pilot conduit 194 In the event ‘ofan cleicca failure, dhe mode select valve 190 will tans tiomto the ist position 192 such tat the ar exhausts fom the pilot conduit 194, 0 o 18 Also in the illustrated embodiment, the pilot conduit 194s in Buid communication with a series of actuators configured {o contr operation of a corresponding series of election ‘control valves. Ifthe pilot conduit 194 is pressurized with the air flow fom the pneumatic source, the selection contol valves will romain closed, thereby disabling the manval ‘backup systom 188. Hovsever, in the event of an electrical failure, the mode select valve 190 will fclitate sie low out of | the pilot conduit 194, thereby inducing the selection contol valves to activate the manal backup system 188, Furber- ‘mor, an eletrcal failure will indace the selection contol valves 88, 136, 156,168 ad 180 to runsition to thei respective fist postions, thereby disabling automatic contol of the evlinders 20, 44, $0, $6, 64 and 68. ach selection contol valve 88, 136, 156, 168 and 180 ‘configured to facilitate automatic eontol ofthe cylinders 2, 444, 50, 56, 64 and 68 has a corresponding selection control valve associated with the manual backup system 188. For ‘example, a first selection control valve 200 is in fluid com- ‘munication with the pneumatic conduit 86 attached to the seletion control valve 88 which regulates operation of the depth control cylinders 44 and 68. The frst selection contol valve 200 includes a first position 202 configured to facilitate ‘ir ow through the valve, ancl second position 204 eontig- red to block ai flow: A pneumatic aetiator 206 coupled to the valve 200 varies the position of the first selection contol valve 200 based on ar pressure within the pilot conduit 194 Specially, the actuator 206 is configured co taasition the fit selection control valve 200 to the fist position 202 if air pressure is exhausted from the pilot conduit 194, In this ‘configuration, an electrical faire will induce the selection fcanirol valve 88 to transition to the frst position 90 which blocks the flow of air, and will induce the fist selection ‘control valve 200 to transition tothe frst positon 202 which facilitates air How through the valve. Consequently, an elee- ‘ical flue will disable automatic contol ofthe depth con: trol cylinders 44 and 68, while enabling manval conto ‘Similarly second selection contol valve 208 is in vid communication with the pacumatie condnit LM attached to the selection control valve 136 which regulates operation of the down force eylinder 20. The second selection control valve 208 neludes a first position 210 configured to facilitate air low through the valve and. second position 212 conig- ured t block ar low. A paeumatie actuator 214 coupled 10 the valve 208 varies the postion of the second selection control valve 208 based on ar pressure within the pilot con- uit 194 Specifically the actuator 214 is configured to transition the second selection contol valve 208 othe fest tion 210 if air pressure is exhausted from the pilot eonduit 194. Inshis configuration, an electrical failure will induce the selection control valve 136 to transition to the frst position 138 which blocks the flow of ar, and will induce the second seletion control valve 208 wo transition to the first position 210 which facilitates ai flow through the valve. Conse- ‘quently, a electrical eile will disable automatic conta of the down foreeeylinder 20, while enabling manual conto In addition, a third selection control valve 216 is in Mid ‘communication with the paenmatie conduit 154 attache! t0 the selection control valve 186 which regulates operstion of the closing disk eylinder $0. The third selection contr valve 246 includes fst position 218 coafigured to facilitate air flow through the valve, and a second position 220 configured {o block air flow. A pneumatic actuator 222 coupled to the valve 216 varies the position of the third selection control valve 216 based on ar pressure within the pilot conduit 194 Specifically, the actuator 222 is configured to transition the ‘third selection contol valve 216 tothe ist position 218 farUS 9,215,837 B2 19 pressure is exhausted from the pilot conduit 194. In this ‘configuration, an electrical failure will ince the selection ‘contol valve 186 fo transition wo the first postion 158 whieh blocks the flow of air, and will induce the third selection ‘contol valve 216 o transition to the first position 218 which facilitates air low through the valve. Consequently, a electrical failure will disable automatic controlof the closing disk ‘jlinder 50, while enabling manta conta urthermore, fourth selection contro vive 224s in uid ‘communication with the pneumatic conduit 166 attached to the selection control valve 168 which regulates operation of the press wheel cylinder $6. The fourth selection control valve 224 includes frst position 226 configured to facilitate airflow through the valve, and a second position 228 config ured t block ae flow. A pneumatic actuator 230 coupled to the valve 224 varies the position of the fourth selection on teol valve 224 hased on air pressure within the pot conduit 194. Specifically the actuator 230 is configured to transition the fourth selection contr valve 224 othe first position 226 iar pressure i exhausted fom the pilot conduit 194, In this ‘configuration, an electrical failure will inde the selection ‘control valve 168 to transition to the first postion 170 whieh blocks the flow of air, and will induce the fourth selection ‘control valve 224 to transition to the first position 226 whieh facilitates ar low through the valve. Consequently, an elec- tecal failure will disable automatic contol ofthe press whee] ‘vlinder 86, while eoabling manual contol In addition, a ith selection contol valve 282 is in uid ‘communication with the pneumatic conduit 178 attached to the selection control valve 180 which regulates operation of the residue manager cylinder 64. The fith selection control valve 232 includes frst position 234 configured to facilitate low through the valve, anda second position 236 configured t block ar low. A pneumatic aetuator 238 coupled 10 the valve 232 varies the position ofthe filth selection control valve 232 based on air pressure within the pilot conduit 194 Spocfially, the actuator 238 is configured to transition the ‘th seletion contol valve 282 to the fist position 234 if aie pressure is exhausted from the pilot conduit 194. In this ‘configuration, an eleticalfilure will induce the selection ‘contol valve 180 to transition to the first position 182 which blocks the flow of ait, and will induce the fifth selection ‘control valve 232 o transition to Us first position 234 which Facilitates ar low through the valve. Consequently, an elee- tecal failure will disable automatic contol of the residue ‘manager cylinder 64, while enabling manval cone ‘With each selection control valve 200, 208, 216, 224 and 232 inthe frst position, a flow path established between the pneumatic conduits 86,134, 184, 166:and 178 and respective pressure rezulstors. By adjusting ai ow through each pressure regulator, pressure within theeylinders 80, $6, 64, 84 and 132 may be manually controlled. As illusteated, frst pressure regulator 240 is fluidly coupled to the first selection ‘contol valve 200, and configured to recsive an ar flow fom the pneumatic source. Consequently. when te fist selection ‘contol valve 200 is in the first position 202, the first pressure regulator 240 may vary the flow of air from the pneumatic source tothe conduit86 thereby adjusting the pressure within the depth conteol cylinders 44 aad 68 via operation of the sctuator 84 In the present embodiment, fist pressure gauge 242 is coupled to the conduit 86 downstream from te fst ‘election control valve 200 In ths configuration, an operator ‘may vary te pressure within the eonduit 6 by adjusting the first pressure regulator 240 until a desired pressure is shown ‘onthe frst pressure gauge 242 In additinn, a second pressure regulator 244 is Suidly ‘coupled tothe second selection control valve 208, and con 0 o 20 figured to receive an air fw from the pacumatic source Consequently, when the second selection control valve 208 is in the fist position 210, the second pressure regulator 244 ‘may vary the flow of air from the pneumatic sonree to the ‘conduit 134, thereby adjusting the pressure within the down {ree eylinder 20 via operation of the actuator 132. In the present embodiment, second pressure gauge 246 is coupled fo the conduit 134 downstream from the second selection control valve 208. In this configuration, an operator may’ vary the pressure within the conduit 134 by adjusting the second pressure repulator 244 until a desired pressireisshovwn onthe Sovond pressure gauge 246, ressure regulator 248 is fluidly fon control valve 216, and config- ‘ured to receive an airflow from the pneumatic source, Con- sequently, when the third selection contro valve 216 sin the fist positon 218, the third pressure regulator 248 may vary the flow of ar fom the pactimatic source to the conduit 184 thereby adjusting the pressure within the closing disk eylin- {der 80, Lathe present embodiment, third pressure gauge 250 js coupled to the conduit 184 downstrsam from the third section control valve 216, In this configuration, an operator ‘ay vay the pressure within the conduit 154 by adjusting the ‘third pressure rgulstor 248 until a desired pressures shown ‘on the third pressure gauge 250, The manval backup system 188 also includes a fourth pressure rezulstor 252 fluidly coupled to the fourth selection ‘control valve 224, and configured to receive an air low from the pneumatic source. Consequently; when the fourth selec- ‘ion control valve 224 i in the first position 226, the fourth pressure regulator 282 may vary the flow of air from the reumatie source to the conduit 166, thereby adjusting the pressure within the press wheel cylinder 56. In the present embodiment, a fourth pressure gauge 254 is coupled to the ‘conduit 166 downstream from the fourth selection control valve 224. In this configuration, an operator may vary the pressure within the conduit 166 by adjusting the fourth pre sure regulator 252 until a desied pressure is shown on the ourth presse gage 254 Inadlton,a fit pressure regulator 256s fuidy coupled to the fifth selection control valve 232, and configared to receive anair flow from the pneumatie souree. Consequently, ‘whe the fillh selection contol valve 232 isin the first pos ‘ion 234, the ith pressure regulator 286 may vary the ow of sir from the pneumatic source tothe conduit 178, thereby ‘adjusting the pressure within the residve manager cylinder (64 In the present embodiment, a fifth pressure gage 258 is ‘couple to the conduit 178 dossnstream from te fifth slee- tion control valve 232. In this configuration, an operator may vary the pressure within theconduit 178 by adjusting the ith pressure regulator 256 until a desired pressure isshowaton the Tith pressure gauge 258. Because the pressure within each cylinder 20, 44, 50, 86, 64 and 68 may be adjusted by the pressure rogulators 240, 244, 248, 252 and 256, the hackup system 188 may foelitae manual contol of the row unit 16a the event ofan electrical eile FIG. 4a schematic diagram of an altemative pneumatic system configured to sutomsaically equalize a contact force ‘fapress wheel and a pauge whee. [nthe illustrated embodi- ‘meat, a pneumatic conduit 260 extends between the conduit 148 and a tandem press whee! valve 262, As ilustated, the tandem press whee! valve 262 is a two postion three way pneumatic valve The first position 264 is configured fai fate air low from the pneumatic conduit 166 tos cont 266 in Muid communication with the cap end of the press wheel cylinder6, while blocking ir Bow Irom the condit 260, The second position 268 blocks ar flow from the conduit 166 10US 9,215,837 B2 2 the conduit 266, while establishing @ Aid connectir between the conduit 260 and the conduit 266, An electronic actuator 270 (eg. solenoid) regulates the postion of the tandem press wheel valve 262. The electronic actuator 270 is ‘communieatively coupled to the ECU 96 which is configured, to vary the position ofthe tandem press wheel valve 262 ia response fo operator input (et, through the user interface 148), ‘While the tandem press whe! valve 262 sin the lstrated first postion 264, sir may flow from the selection control valve 168 tothe press whee eylinder 86 via the conduits 166 ‘and 266. Ia this configuration, the ECU 96 may regulate the pressure within the cylinder 56 via operation of the selection ‘contol valve 168 and the iflatelexhaust valve 98, However to equalize a contact force of the press whee! and the gauge wheels, the operator may input a command into the user ‘merface 144 insiructng the BCU 96 to transition the tandem press wheel valve 262 tothe second position 268, As prvi- ‘ously discussed, the second postion 268 blocks air low from the conduit 166, while facilitating air Now Irom the conduit 260. As a result, the ECU 96 will not be able 10 regulate pressure within the press whee! eylinder $6. Instead, pressure ‘will be adjusted based on presse within the dep contol ‘ylinders 44 and 68, With the tandem press wheel valve 262 in the second position 268, a fuid connection is established between the ‘depth contol eylinders 44 and 68 and the press whol cylin: ‘der 86, Specially, st may low frome evinders 4nd 68 through the conduits 80,148, 260 and 266 to the press whool cylinder 56, In this manner, the contact force between the ‘2nige wheels and the ground may be balanced with the contact force between the press wheel and the ground. For ‘example, certain variations in the termin may induce the auge wheels fo move upwardly relative tothe opener disks. Insuch a situation, pressure will increase within the cap end ‘ofthe depth contol eylinders 44 and 68. The increased pres sure will establish an airflow from the eylinders 44 and 68 0 the press wheel eylinde 56, thereby driving the press wheel ‘downwardly. The downward motion ofthe press whee! wil, ‘dive the row unit 16 upwardly, thereby decreasing the contact force between the gauge wiels and the sol. As a result the pressure within the eap end ofthe depth control cylinders 44 and 68 will decrease, thereby restoring the pressure between cylinders fo equilibrium. Consequeatly, the contact ore ofthe gauge wheels and the press wheel will be eal ined, which may substantially reduce row unit vibration in response fo contact with obstructions in the soi Conversely, certain variations inthe terrain may induce the press hie! to move upwarlly relative to the rw unit chassis Insucha situation, pressure will increase within the cap end ‘of the press wheel cylinder $6, The increased pressure wil, ‘establish an airflow from the eylinder 86 to the depth contol ‘vlinders 4 und 68, Uaereby driving the gauge wheels down- ‘vardly. The downward motion ofthe gage wheels will drive the row unit 16 upwardly, thereby decreasing the contact oree between the press whee! and the soil, As a result, the pressure withinthe cap end of te press wheel cylinder $6 will ‘decreas, thereby restoring the pressure between cylinders to ‘equilibrium. Consequently, the contact force of the gauge wwhools and the press whos! will he equalized, which may Substantially eddee ow unit vibration in response fo contact ‘with obstructions in the sol FIG, 5 isa schematic diagram of an alternative manval backup system 272 configured to facilitate manual contro of the pneumatic system. Specifically, the ilustrated manual backup system 272 enables an pertor to contol the p= matic eylinders 20,44, 0, $6, 64 and 68 in the event of an 0 o 2 electrical failure via a series of pressure regulators. sills twated, the manual backup system 272 includes a series of selection contro valves lnwing electronie actuators eonig- ‘redo transition the valves to an open position inthe event oF ‘an elotica failure, In this manne, the maval backup Sy3- tem 272 may be activated without the use of the mode selee- ‘ion valve 190 and pilot system deseribed above. Similar to the embodiment described wih reference 1o FIG. 3, an elec- ‘rca flue will also induce the selection control valves 88, 136, 186, 168 and 180 to ansiton to their respective fist positions, thereby dissbling automatic contol of the cylin- Gers 20,44, 50, 86, 64 and 68. Inthe hutated embodiment, each seletion contol valve 88, 136, 156, 168 and 180 has a comesponding selection centro! valve associated withthe manual backup system 272 For example, first selection control valve 274 isin foil ‘communication with the pneumatic conduit 8 attached tothe selection control valve 88, which regulates operation of the depth conteo cylinders 44 and 68. The first selection contol valve 274 includes a it positon 276 configured to facilitate fir low through the valve and. second position 278 config- ‘red 1 block aie flow. An electronic aentator (e.g, solenoid) 280 coupled to the valve 274 varies the postion of the frst ‘scletion control valve 274 based on application ofeletecal power Specifically, while electrical power is supplied to the fctuator 280, the actuator 280 holds the valve 274 in the second position 278 which blocks air ow through the valve 274. Tn the event of an electieal flue, the selection contol valve 88 will transition tothe first position 90 which blocks the flow of air, and the first selection control valve 274 will transition to the fist position 276, which facilitates air Now ‘through the valve. Consequently, an electrical faite will sable automatic control of the depth contol cylinders 44 ‘and 68, hile enabling manual eontol ‘Similarly «second selection control valve 282 isin uid ‘communication with the pneumatic conduit 134 attached 10 the selection contro valve 136 which regulates operation of the down foree cylinder 20. The second selection contol valve 282 includes a first position 284 configured to facilitate air flow through the valve, anda second positon 286 contig ‘ured to block ir low: An electronic actiator (e.g, solenoid) 28 coupled to the valve 282 varies the position ofthe second selection contol valve 282 based on application of eleteical power Specifically, while electrical power is supplied to the ‘atuator 288, the actualor 288 holds the valve 282 in che ‘second postion 286 which blocks ai fa through the valve 282. Inthe event ofan electrical flue, the selection contol valve 136 will transition othe fist position 138 which blocks the low of sie and the second selection control valve 282 will transition tothe fist positon 284, which facilitates air Nowe through the valve. Consequently, an electrical failure will disable automatic contol ofthe dovsn forceeylinder 20, while enabling manval conto ‘In adliton, a third selection control valve 290 is in fuid ‘communication withthe pneumatic conduit 184 attached 10 the selection control valve 186 which regulates operation of the closing disk cylinder $0. The thir selection contro valve 290 inchudes a fist position 292 configured to facilitate air ‘low through the valve, and a second position 294 configured to block ar flow: An electonic aetustor (e, solenoid) 296 coupled to the valve 290 varies the position of the third seletion contol valve 290 base! on application of electrical power Specifically, while electrical power is supplied to the ‘actuator 296, the actuator 296 holds the valve 290 in the second position 294 which blacks air fw through the valve 290 In the event ofan electrical flue, the selection contol valve 186 wll transition othe fist position 18 which blocksUS 9,215,837 B2 23 selection control valve 290 will, transition to the fist position 292, which facilitates air low through the valve. Consequendy, an electrical fillure will disable automatic control of the closing disk cylinder 50, ‘while enabling mannal contol Punhermore fourth selction contro valve 298s in fi ‘communication with the pneumatic conduit 166 attached to the selection control valve 168 which regulates operation of the press whee! cylinder 56. The fourth selection control valve 298 includes a first position 300 conligured to fciitate sie low through the valve, and a secoud position 302 contig ured to Block air Mo. Aa electronic acnator (eg, solenoid) 304 coupled tothe valve 298 varies the position of the fourth ‘cletion control valve 298 based on application of electrical power. Specifically, while electrical power is supplied to the ‘etuator 304, the actuator 304 holds the valve 298 in the second postion 302 which blocks air flow through the valve 208, In the event of an electrical flue, the selection control ‘valve 168 will transition tthe ist positon 170 which blocks the low of si, ad the fourth selection control valve 298 will transition to the fist positon 300, which facilitates ar low through the valve. Consequently, an electrical failure will disable automatic contol of the press wheel cylinder 56, hile enabling manual contol In addition, a fifth selection contol valve 306 is in Mid ‘communication with the pneumatic conduit 178 attached to the selection control valve 180 which regulates operation of the residue manager cylinder 64, The filth selection contol valve 306 includes a first position 308 configured to facilitate slow through the valve, and a second position 310 contig tured to block sir flaw. An electronic actiator (eg, solenoid) $312 coupled tothe valve 306 varies the position ofthe fifth ‘cletion control valve 306 based on application of electrical power. Specifically, while electrical power is supplied to the fsctuator 312, the actuator 312 holds the valve 306 in the ‘Second postion 310 which blocks air ow through the valve 306. Inthe event ofan electrical failure, the selection control valve 180 will transition tothe ist position 182 whic blocks the How of ai, and the fifth selection contol valve 306 will teanstion 10 the first positon 308, which feilitates aie low through the valve. Consequently, an electrical failure will
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Agricultural Implement With Combined Down Force and Depth Control

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Agricultural Implement With Combined Down Force and Depth Control

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