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System Unit
How devices work to process data
Components
Overview and Input
Memory
Expansions and Ports
Other Components and Aftercare
SYSTEM Unit
By: SEF TOTING
MOTHERBOARD
What is a Motherboard?
One of the most essential parts of the computer
system that holds together many of the crucial
components of a computer, including the
Central Processing Unit (CPU), memory and the
connectors for input and output devices.
Contains the central processing unit, the
memory, and all the connectors to the rest of
the hardware of the computer system.
PROCESSOR
CONTROL UNIT
All information in a
computer is stored and
manipulated in the form
ofbinary numbers, i.e. 0
and 1.Transistor switches
are used to manipulate
binary numbers since
there are only two possible
states of a switch: open (A)
or closed (B).
SYSTEM CLOCK
Progression
SYSTEM CLOCK
COMPOSITION OF
PROCESSOR
COMPOSITION OF
PROCESSOR
Vocabulary of terms
Vocabulary of terms
Processor - connected to other devices using buses
Data bus - bi-directional connection between devices
Main memory - internal to the computer and linked through the
buses
Keyboard - external to the computer, an input device
Secondary storage - external device, an input and output device
Address bus - uni-directional connection between devices
Clock - regulates the processor
Monitor - external output device
VDU controller - connects system to external monitor
Disk controller - connects system to external secondary storage
Keyboard controller - connects system to external keyboard device
Control Bus - A bi-directional bus used to control signals between
the components
What is Memory?
Electronic Components that store memory
about to be processed and executed
Contains three types
Bytes and
Addressables
Size
Type
Random Access
Memory (RAM) and its
configuration
Cache
Read-Only Memory
(ROM)
Flash Memory
CMOS
Memory Access Times
Byte
Basic Memory Unit that
stores transferred info
and data
Addressable Memory
Location of where a byte
is stored
Memory Size
Determines amount of data
held/stored in a device
Types of Memory
Eliminated when
power switch is off
Examples
Random Access Memory
(RAM)
Volatile
Nonvolatile
Types of RAM
Dynamic
Constant reenergization
Static
Lesser energy than
dynamic
Magnetoresistive
Stores more memory
Accesses memory
faster
Uses magnets rather
than electricity
RAM Configuration
Varies with software used
RAM Used
Basics:
1GB
Business: 2-8 GB
Graphics: 8+ GB
Cache
Stores frequently-used instructions & data
L1: Built directly on memory chip, speedier,
and contains little memory (8-128KB)
L2: Built directly on processor chip, slow,
and big (128KB-64MB)
Speeds up process time because it stores
frequently-used instructions & data
Flash Memory
Modifiable,
nonvolatile Data
Stores data and
info on computers
Can be stored on
memory cards
Complementary Metal-Oxide
Semiconductor
High Speed, Low
Energy
Stores info in spite
of lack of power
Access Times
Time to read data, info, and instructions
Data process directly affected by access
times
Relied upon performance
BUSES
By: Chrystel Segovia
to
to
to
to
transfer
transfer
transfer
transfer
bits
bits
bits
bits
from
from
from
from
BAYS
Is an opening inside the system unit in which you can install
additional equipment.
Drive Bay- is a rectangular opening that typically holds the
disk drives.
-other bay house cards readers and widely used ports such as
USB, FIREWIRE, and AUDIO PORTS.
1. External Bay- allows the user to access openings on the
bay from outside the system unit.
Ex: Optical disc drives
2. Internal Bay- is concealed entirely within the system unit.
Example: Hard disk drives
POWER SUPPLY
Power Supply
The component of the system unit that converts the wall outlet AC
power into DC power.
Fan
Keeps the power supply cool.
AC adapter
External power supply.
Converts the AC power into DC power that the peripheral requires.
Thank You
We hope this helps you with operating and
knowing the computers components