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IV Site Assessment

An assessment of all of the following must be done prior to preparing to give


an intravenous (IV) medication. Medication must be administered directly into a
vein that is not inflamed to avoid injuring surrounding tissue.
1. Redness/inflammationCaused by increased blood flow to the site. This is
the bodys protective response to irritation or injury.
2. SwellingCaused by infiltration of the IV solution flowing into the
surrounding tissue. Can also be caused by inflammation/infection.
3. TendernessCaused by the inflammatory process and increased blood flow
to the area.
4. CoolnessUsually accompanied with edemadue to decreasing blood
supply to the area.
5. WarmnessUsually indicates inflammation/infection at the site.
6. InfiltrationOccurs when IV fluids leak into the surrounding tissue around
the venipuncture site. This is indicated by pain, swelling, coolness, and pallor
around the site
7. PhlebitisInflammation of the vein occurs from IV solutions and drugs and
type and position of the IV catheter. Inflammation is manifested by pain,
redness, edema, and warm skin temperature around the IV site.

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