SONIC &

ULTRASONIC
INSTRUMENTATION

USES AND AIMS OF POWER

DRIVEN SCALERS
Plaque

Removal

Calculus

Removal

Endotoxin

and Cementum removal

Access

to Furcations

Pocket

Penetration

MECHANISM OF ACTION
Frequency times / sec, insert tip
moves back & forth during a cycle in an
orbital, elliptic or linear stroke path.

Stroke max dist the insert

travels

during

1cycle/stroke

tip
path.

Power knob.

Water flow

Acoustic streaming- unidirectional flow

2. Acoustic turbulence- swirling effect

SONIC SCALERS
Air-driven scalers in which frequency
produes a vibration of insert tip
High-speed or low-speed air source
Universal in design
Elliptical- orbital stroke pattern

PIEZOELECTRIC
1. Operates in 25,000 to 50,000 cps.
2. Activated by dimensional changes in crystals
housed

within the

hand piece as electricity

is passed over the surface of the crystals.

3.Produces linear tip movement which allows
only 2 sides of the tip to be active at a time.
A variety of insert tip designs and shapes are
available.

MAGNETOSTRICTIVE SCALERS:
1. Operates between 18,000 and 45,000 Cps
2. Uses flat metal strips in a stack or a metal
rod attached to a scaling tip.
3.

When electrical current is supplied to a

wire coil in the hand piece, a magnetic field is

created around the stack or rod transducer
causing it to constrict. An alternating current
then produces an alternative magnetic field that
causes the tip to vibrate.

ZOELECTRIC

Power ceramic disc

Linear
pattern2
active
working surfaces
Wrench
screws
tip
into
handpiece

Power - Metal stack

Elliptic/orbital
4
active
GNETOSTRICTIVE working surfaces
Inserts are seated in handpiece

MAGNETOSTRICTIVE ULTRASONIC DEVICE

Plaque & Calculus - Deplaquing

of root surfaces &
subgingival scaling.

BOP, PD & Cl. Attachment

Furcation Access Class II & III
- diamond coated sonic tips, for
open debridement.

BACTERIAL REDUCTION
Ultrasonic

instruments

speed action

produce

using

high-

cavitational

activity & acoustic streaming

5mins kills Aa & Pg
chlorhexidine , water & povidone
iodine
smoother surface

Sonic & Ultrasonic Tips

Large tenacious deposits

Site specific design

Gingivitis & deplaquing

maintenance patients

Greater access & root

adaptation

Insert Scaler Tip

Adjust knob

Water spray

Operator position

RESULTS
Before Scaling

After Scaling

PRINCIPLES OF INSTRUMENTATION
Modified

pen

grasp

with extraoral fulcrum.

Light pressure
Deposit removal from
coronal to apical
Deplaquing stroke

CONCLUSION
Greater access
subgingivally , in
furcation areas &
increased efficiency
in scaling time.