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J.V. DE GUZMAN
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES, DILIMAN QUEZON CITY, PHILIPPINES
DATE PERFORMED: MARCH 20, 2015
INSTRUCTORS NAME: ALLAN KENNETH REGUNTON
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
1. Give the reactions for all tests which yield positive results.
A. 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine
Acetone:
Benzaldehyde:
B. Schiffs Test
+ H2O
+ H2O
HO3Schiffs
S
Reagent
Rosaline hydrochloride
Formaldehyde:
+ HO3SDark purple
Benzaldehyde:
+ HO3SHot pink
C. Benedicts Test
Formaldehyde:
+ Cu2O(s) + 3H2O
+ 2Cu
+ 5OH-
D. Iodoform Test
1
Acetone:
+ 3I2 + 4NaOH
Ethanol:
+ I2 + 2NaOH
+ 2NaI + 2H2O
+ 3I2 + 4NaOH
and
(3-hexanone and 2-hexanone) - Both are
ketones but they differ on the alkyl substituent attached to each of
them. The first one, 3-hexanone, has an ethyl and propyl substituent
while the second one, 2-hexanone, has a methyl and butyl substituent.
Therefore, the two can be differentiated using the iodoform test using
I2 in KI and NaOH as the reagent. The second ketone has a methyl
substituent thus it will react with the warm reagent to yield a yellow
precipitate or iodorm while the second one will show no visible results
under the iodoform test.
b.
and
(2-hydroxypropanal and 3-hydroxy-pent-1-one) The first one has an aldehyde functional group while the second one
has a ketone group. Thus, to differentiate the two, they can be
subjected under Schiffs test since the Schiffs reagent only reacts with
an aldehyde. The ketone will show no visible results under the Schiffs
reagent but the aldehyde, 2-hydroxypropanal, will yield a dark purple
solution.
c.
and
(hep-3-methyl-2-one and hep-3-methyl-2-ol)the first compound is a ketone while the second one has an alcohol as
its functional group. To differentiate the two, 2,4-DNPH can be used
since it shows no visible result upon reaction with alcohols but gives a
positive test result for ketones indicated by the formation of yellow
precipitate.
e.
and
(Benzaldehyde and 1-benzylpropanal)- Both are
aldehydes with an aromatic ring, however, 1-benzylpropanal has an
aliphatic group. Thus, they can be subjected under the Benedicts test
since it only gives positive test result for aliphatic aldehydes. When
reacted with the Benedicts reagent, benzaldehyde will show no visible
result while 1-benzylpropanal will decolorize the blue Benedicts
reagent and form a brick red precipitate or Cu2O.