By:JonathanStickle,AustinMarshall,PeterHunt,andScottieFischer

5thGradeCAScienceStandards
1.Elementsandtheircombinationsaccountforallthevariedtypesofmatterintheworld.Asa
basisforunderstandingthisconcept:
a.
Studentsknowthatduringchemicalreactionstheatomsinthereactants
rearrangetoformproductswithdifferentproperties.

whathappensduringachemicalreaction
Nonewatomsarecreated,andnoatomsaredestroyed.Ina
chemicalreaction,reactantscontacteachother,bondsbetween
atomsinthereactantsarebroken,andatomsrearrangeandform
newbondstomaketheproducts.
Demonstration8
Elephanttoothpaste:Amountoftime=1day

Inordertodemonstratehowatomsinachemicalreactionchange.The
differentatomscreateanewsubstance,thefoam,fromtheoriginal
ones.
materials:
Aclean16ounceplasticsodabottle

1/2 cup 20volume hydrogen peroxide liquid (20volume is a

6% solution, askanadulttogetthisfromabeautysupplystore
orhairsalon)

1Tablespoon(onepacket)ofdyyeast

3Tablespoonsofwarmwater

Liquiddishwashingsoap

Foodcoloring

Smallcup

Safetygoggles

steps:

Hydrogen peroxide can irritate skin and eyes, so put onthose

safety goggles and ask an adulttocarefullypourthe hydrogen
peroxideintothebottle.

Add8dropsofyourfavoritefoodcoloringintothebottle.

Add about 1 tablespoon of liquid dish soap into the bottle and
swishthebottlearoundabittomixit.

In a separate small cup, combine the warm water and the

yeasttogetherandmixforabout30seconds.

Nowtheadventurestarts!Pourtheyeastwatermixtureintothe
bottle(afunnelhelpshere)andwatchitfoam.

Concept:
theatomsattachtoeachothercreatingthenewsubstance,the
foam.

b.
Studentsknowallmatterismadeofatoms,whichmaycombinetoform
molecules.
diagramofanatomandhowtheyjointogetherbysharingelectrons

Atomshaveanequalamountofprotonsandelectrons.Atoms
havevalenceshells,thefirstcanhold2electrons,thesecondcan
hold8,andsocantherestcan
hold8valenceelectronwithatotal
electroncountof18afterthe3rd
period.Atomscancombinetoform
molecules,andexampleiswith
H2O.Bothhydrogenshaveone
electronandcanholduptotwo.
Theoxygenatomhas6electrons
andcanhold8sothe3join
togethersothatbothofthehydrogenatomssharetheirelectron
withtheoxygengivingoxygen8andtheoxygenshareswiththe
hydrogenmakingthembothhave2.
Activity5
:Amountoftime=1day

Makeamodelofanatomtodemonstratewhatanatomwouldlooklike
anditsparts.Materials:Wiretocreatevalenceshells,gobstoppersfor
protons,starburstforneutrons,andminimarshmallowsforelectrons.
Pickaneasyatomlikecarbonsinceitonlyhas6electronsandprotons.
Activity5b:MolecularExploration=1Day
http://www.chemeddl.org/resources/models360/models.php?pu
bchem=977
learnhowmoleculesaremade
https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/buildanatom
learnthedifferencesbetweenelectrons,protons,and
neutrons,andhowitrelatestotheperiodictable

c.
Studentsknowmetalshavepropertiesincommon,suchashighelectricaland
thermalconductivity.Somemetals,suchasaluminum(Al),iron(Fe),nickel(Ni),
copper(Cu),silver(Ag),andgold(Au),arepureelementsothers,suchassteel
andbrass,arecomposedofacombinationofelementalmetals.
whatelementsconductelectricity/heatandwhatmetalsarecombinations
oftwoelementsandnotanelement
metalsconductheatandelectricitythebestoutoftheperiodic
tablegroups.Alloysarecombinationsofelementslikesteelbut
arentontheperiodictable.
Lab1
:Amountoftime=1day

Conductivityexperimentshowinghowdifferentelementshavedifferent
properties.Haveelectriccircuitwithbatteryconnectedtowiresanda
lightbulb.Wewouldhaveseparatematerialslikecopper,iron,silicon,
nickel,andotherstoplaceinthecircuitandshowhowsomeconduct

electricityverywellandothersdon'tbasedonhowbrightthelightbulb
is.

d.
Studentsknowthateachelementismadeofonekindofatomandthatthe
elementsareorganizedintheperiodictablebytheirchemicalproperties.
whatareelementsmadeofandhowaretheyorganized
Elementsareorganizedbasedontheiratomicnumber(the
numberofprotons=atomicnumber(canalsobecountedasthe
numberofelectronssincetheyhaveanequalamountof
protons/electrons))Theyaremadeofprotons,neutrons,and
electrons.

Activity4
:Amountoftime=1day

e.
Studentsknowscientistshavedevelopedinstrumentsthatcancreatediscrete
imagesofatomsandmoleculesthatshowthattheatomsandmoleculesoften
occurinwellorderedarrays.
atommodels

Periodictablepuzzleactivity.Theywillhavealistofthefirst36
elementsandablankperiodictable.Theywillthenputtheelementsin
therightspotsofthetableuptothe4throw.
puzzleattachedbelow.

Alsoactivity5
f.
Studentsknowdifferencesinchemicalandphysicalpropertiesofsubstances
areusedtoseparatemixturesandidentifycompounds.
ChemicalandPhysicalPropertiesofsubstances

Activity7
:Amountoftime=1day

Toshowthepropertiesofelements.Havestudentssticktheirhandsin
substancesandtestitsphysicalproperties.Then,havetheteachertest
forchemicalpropertiesbytryingtolightitonfireandsmellingit.
elementsusedcouldbesalt,water,rubbingalcohol.Addcolortotest
aftertakingblindfoldoff.
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/gamesactivities/materialproperties.html

g.
Studentsknowpropertiesofsolid,liquid,andgaseoussubstances,suchas
sugar(C6HO6),water(H2O),helium(He),oxygen(O2),nitrogen(N2),and
carbon12dioxide(CO2).
whataretheseelements

Lab2
:
Amountoftime=1day

Statesofmatterexperiment.Placeiceinabeakeronaheatingpad.
Describehowitstartsasasolidwithitsatomsclosetogether,changes
toaliquidwithlooseatoms,andfinallytoagaswithfastmovingatoms
thatseparate.Showdryiceinpipetexplosion.Putdryiceinapipet,fold
theendovertocreatepressureandputthepipetinacupofwater.It
willexpandandexplodefromthepressurecreated.
Lab3
:Amountoftime=1day
Talkabouthowheat(increase/decrease)changesthestateofmatter.
Balloonexperiment,heatballoonandshowhowitexpandsandcoolit
toshowhowitshrinksshowingtemperatureseffectsonatoms.Heat
makestheatomsmovefaster,coldmakesthemslowdown.

h.
Studentsknowlivingorganismsandmostmaterialsarecomposedofjusta
fewelements.
Compound

MainelementisCarbon.LifeneedsCarbon.Alllivingorganisms
had
carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen,andphosphorus.
activity9
:Amountoftime=1day

http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/climate/carbon_cycle.html
CarbonCycleGame
demonstrateshowelementsareapparentinlivingorganisms.

i.
Studentsknowthecommonpropertiesofsalts,suchassodiumchloride(NaCl).
Propertiesofsalt
lab6
:Amountoftime=2days

Toshowthepropertiesofsalts.Startwithasaltwatersolution,describe
thephysicalpropertiesofthesolutionandtellthemthereisanunknown
substanceitin.Poursmallamountsofthesolutionintopetridishesand
leaveoutbythewindowsillovernight.Thenextday,lookatthepetri
dishesandobservethesubstanceleftanddescribethepropertiesof
salthowitcandissolveinasolutionandbeseparatedbackintoasolid.

19

He

Ca

20

Li

Sc

21

Be

Ti

22

23

Cr

24

Mn

25

Fe

26

Co

27

Ne

10

Ni

28

Na

11

Cu

29

Mg

12

Zn

30

Al

13

Ga

31

Si

14

Ge

32

15

As

33

16

Se

34

Cl

17

Br

35

Ar

18

Kr

36

PopAssessment:

1)

Whatmakesupanatom?

2)

Whatmakesupelements?

3)

Howaretheelementsorganizedintheperiodictable?

4)

Whathappenstoatomsinchemicalreactions?

5)

Whatisthedifferencebetweenanelement,compound,andmixtures?

6)

Whatarephysicalpropertiesandchemicalproperties?

7)

Whattypesofelementsconductelectricity/heat?Canalloysconductelectricity/heat?

8)

Whatarethepropertiesofsalts?

9)

Whatarethemainelementsinlivingorganisms?

10) Whatarethepropertiesofliquids,solids,andgas?