Draft Airworthiness Inspector Manual

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook
CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY

OF THE STATE
AIRWORTHINESS INSPECTOR
HANDBOOK
Approval (s)
(Name)
Director General
THE STATE Civil Aviation
Authority
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August 2012
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TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER 0 .......................................................................................................................... 9
GENERAL ............................................................................................................................. 9
HB.00.00 General .............................................................................................................. 9
HB.00.01 Applicability ........................................................................................................ 9
HB.00.02 Training and accreditation of inspecting staff .....................................................10
HB.00.02.01
General .....................................................................................................10
HB.00.02.02
Training of Inspectors ................................................................................10
HB.00.02.03
Accreditation of Inspecting Staff ................................................................10
HB.00.03
Procedure for assessing the continued competence of an operator ..............11
HB.00.04 Continued airworthiness reporting of failures, malfunctions and defects ............11
HB.00.05 Continued Airworthiness - Issuing of airworthiness directives............................12
HB.00.06
Exemptions ......................................................................................................13
CHAPTER 1 .........................................................................................................................14
VALIDATION OF TYPE CERTIFICATES .............................................................................14
HB.01.01
HB.01.02
HB.01.03
HB.01.04
HB.01.05
HB.01.06
HB.01.07
HB.01.08
HB.01.09
General .............................................................................................................14
Eligibility ............................................................................................................14
Duties of the CAA..............................................................................................14
Application for validation of the TC. ...................................................................15
Data requirements.............................................................................................15
Validating the TC type certificate - The Validation Process ...............................16
Documentation ..................................................................................................18
Form of the validation of a TC ...........................................................................20
Validity ..............................................................................................................20
CHAPTER 2 .........................................................................................................................21
VALIDATION OF A CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHINESS .................................................21
HB.02.01
HB.02.02
HB.02.03
HB.02.04
HB.02.05
HB 02.06
HB 02.07
HB.02.08
HB.02.09
HB.02.10
Applicability .......................................................................................................21
Eligibility ............................................................................................................21
Application for the validation of a C of A ............................................................21
Data requirements.............................................................................................21
Inspections to be carried out by the inspector of the CAA: ................................22
Retention of documents: ...................................................................................22
Continuing airworthiness ...................................................................................22
Validating the C of A of another State ...............................................................22
Form of the validation of a C of A ......................................................................22
Validity ..............................................................................................................23
CHAPTER 3 .........................................................................................................................24
ISSUANCE OF A CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHINESS ....................................................24
HB.03.01
HB.03.02
HB.03.03
HB.03.04
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Applicability .......................................................................................................24
Eligibility ............................................................................................................24
Categories of certificates of airworthiness .........................................................24
Application for a certificate of airworthiness.......................................................24
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HB.03.05 Inspections to be carried out by the inspector of the CAA: ................................26

HB.03.06 Flight test ..........................................................................................................26
HB 03.07 Retention of documents: ...................................................................................27
HB 03.08 Issuing of certificate of airworthiness .................................................................27
HB.03.09 Certificate of airworthiness form ........................................................................27
HB.03.10 Validity ..............................................................................................................27
HB 03.11 Continuing airworthiness ...................................................................................28
HB.03.12 Transferability ...................................................................................................28
HB.03.13 Special Flight permit ..........................................................................................28
HB.03.13.01
Objective. ..................................................................................................28
HB.03.13.02
General .....................................................................................................28
HB.03.13.03
Application involving foreign air transportation. ..........................................30
HB.03.13.04.
Display of permit ........................................................................................30
HB.03.13.05
Procedures ................................................................................................31
CHAPTER 4 .........................................................................................................................34
RENEWAL OF A CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHIESS .......................................................34
HB.04.01
HB.04.02
HB.04.04
HB.04.05
HB 04.06
HB.04.07
HB 04.08
HB 04.09
HB.04.10
HB 04.11
HB.04.12
Applicability .......................................................................................................34
Eligibility ............................................................................................................34
Application for the renewal of a certificate of airworthiness ...............................34
Inspections to be carried out by the inspector of the CAA: ................................35
Check-list ..........................................................................................................35
Flight test ..........................................................................................................35
Retention of documents: ...................................................................................36
Period of renewal of a certificate of airworthiness..............................................36
Validity ..............................................................................................................36
Continuing airworthiness ...................................................................................36
Transferability ...................................................................................................36
CHAPTER 5 .........................................................................................................................37
APPROVAL OF DESIGN CHANGES ..................................................................................37
MODIFICATIONS (CHANGES TO THE TYPE CERTIFICATE) - REPAIRS ........................37
HB.05.01
HB.05.02
HB.05.03
HB.05.04
HB.05.05
HB.05.06
HB.05.07
HB.05.08
HB 05.09
HB.05.10
Applicability .......................................................................................................37
Eligibility ............................................................................................................37
Definition ...........................................................................................................37
Classification of modifications and repairs .........................................................38
Application ........................................................................................................38
Definition of applicable requirements.................................................................39
Issuance of a modification/repair approval ........................................................39
Modification approval form ................................................................................40
Validation of a change to design .......................................................................40
Record keeping .................................................................................................41
CHAPTER 6 .........................................................................................................................42
EXPORT AIRWORTHINESS APPROVALS ........................................................................42
HB.06.01
HB.06.02
HB.06.03
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Applicability .......................................................................................................42
Eligibility ............................................................................................................42
Form of the Export airworthiness approvals ......................................................42
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HB.06.04
HB.06.05
HB.06.06
HB.06.07
Application for an export airworthiness approval ...............................................42

Issuing of export airworthiness approval ...........................................................43
Export airworthiness approval form ...............................................................43
Duties of holder of export airworthiness approval ..........................................44
CHAPTER 7 .........................................................................................................................45
APPROVAL OF A MAINTENANCE PROGRAMME ............................................................45
DETAILED GUIDANCE FOR THE APPROVAL OF A MAINTENANCE PROGRAMME. ....45
HB 07.01
HB 07.02
HB 07.03
HB 07.04
HB 07.05
HB 07.06
HB 07.07
HB.07.08
HB.07.09
General .............................................................................................................45
Detailed guidance on the content ......................................................................45
Programme basis ..............................................................................................46
Amendments .....................................................................................................47
Permitted variations to maintenance periods .....................................................47
Periodic review of maintenance programme contents .......................................47
Base of document .............................................................................................47
Issuing of programme approval .........................................................................48
Record keeping .................................................................................................48
CHAPTER 8 .........................................................................................................................49
APPROVAL OF AN OPERATOR MAINTENANCE SYSTEM ..............................................49
HB 08.01
HB 08.02
HB 08.03
HB 08.04
HB 08.05
Applicability .......................................................................................................49
Arrangements at the application ........................................................................49
Maintenance responsibility ................................................................................49
Maintenance management ................................................................................50
Issuing of approval ............................................................................................51
CHAPTER 9 .........................................................................................................................52
APPROVAL OF AN MME ....................................................................................................52
MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT EXPOSITION..................................................................52
HB 09.01
HB 09.02
HB 09.03
HB 09.04
HB 09.05
HB 09.06
HB 09.07
Applicability .......................................................................................................52
Eligibility ............................................................................................................52
Purpose of the MME .........................................................................................52
Application ........................................................................................................52
Requirements....................................................................................................53
Issuing of approval ............................................................................................54
Record keeping .................................................................................................54
CHAPTER 10 .......................................................................................................................55
APPROVAL OF AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE ORGANISATION .........................................55
HB 10.01
HB 10.02
HB 10.03
HB 10.04
HB 10.05
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Applicability .......................................................................................................55
Requirements....................................................................................................55
Auditing the organization ...................................................................................55
Reporting ..........................................................................................................55
Record keeping .................................................................................................55
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CHAPTER 11 .......................................................................................................................56
EVALUATE SHORT TERM (TBO / LIFE LIMITS) ESCALATION PROCEDURES ..............56
HB.11.01
HB 11.02
HB 11.03
Objective. ..........................................................................................................56
General .............................................................................................................56
Procedures........................................................................................................57
CHAPTER 12 .......................................................................................................................58
EVALUATE FOREIGN REGISTERED AIRCRAFT OPERATED IN THE STATE ................58
HB 12.01 General .............................................................................................................58
HB 12.02 Foreign airworthiness certificates. .....................................................................58
HB 12.03 Differences and / or exceptions of maintenance tasks. ......................................58
HB 12.04 Procedures........................................................................................................59
HB 12.05 Tasks ................................................................................................................59
HB 12.06 Aircraft operated under french registery ............................................................60
HB 12.06.01
Applicability ...............................................................................................60
HB 12.06.02
Requirements ............................................................................................60
HB 10.06.03
Duties of the CAA in the case of a delegation of oversight.........................60
HB 10.06.04
Direct survey. ............................................................................................60
CHAPTER 13 .......................................................................................................................62
APPROVAL OF PARTS / POOL PARTS / PARTS BORROWING ......................................62
HB 13.01
HB 13.02
HB 13.03
Objective. ..........................................................................................................62
General .............................................................................................................62
Procedures........................................................................................................65
CHAPTER 14 .......................................................................................................................66
PRORATED TIME AUTHORIZATIONS ...............................................................................66
HB 14.01
HB 14.02
HB 14.03
HB 14.04
Objective. ..........................................................................................................66
General .............................................................................................................66
Data computation ..............................................................................................67
Prorata formula demonstration ..........................................................................68
CHAPTER 15 .......................................................................................................................70
EVALUATE OPERATORS MAINTENANCE PROGRAMME ..............................................70
HB 15.01
HB 15.02
HB 15.03
Objective. ..........................................................................................................70
General .............................................................................................................70
Procdures..........................................................................................................74
CHAPTER 16 .......................................................................................................................81
INSPECTION OF AIRCRAFT AND EQUIPMENT ................................................................81
HB 16.01
HB 16.02
HB 16.03
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General .............................................................................................................81
Interior inspection guidelines .............................................................................81
Exterior inspection guidelines ............................................................................84
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CHAPTER 17 .......................................................................................................................88
ISSUE AIRCRAFT CONDITION NOTICE ............................................................................88
HB 17.01
HB 17.02
HB 17.03
Objective. ..........................................................................................................88
General .............................................................................................................88
Procedures........................................................................................................89
CHAPTER 18 .......................................................................................................................90
EVALUATE PRIVATE, AERIAL WORK OPERATORS, MAINTENANCE ...........................90
RECORDKEEPING SYSTEM ..............................................................................................90
HB 18.01
HB 18.02
HB 18.03
Objective. ..........................................................................................................90
General .............................................................................................................90
Procedures........................................................................................................93
CHAPTER 19 .......................................................................................................................96
EVALUATE SMALL OPERATOR/APPLICANT'S ...............................................................96
INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS ......................................................96
HB 19.01
HB 19.02
HB 19.03
HB 19.04
HB 19.05
HB 19.06
HB 19.08
HB 19.09
Objective. ..........................................................................................................96
General .............................................................................................................96
Annual 100 H Inspection requirements. .............................................................96
Progressive inspection ......................................................................................96
Progressive inspection interval ..........................................................................97
Additional maintenance requirements ...............................................................98
Revising time limitations ..................................................................................100
Procedures......................................................................................................101
CHAPTER 20 .....................................................................................................................102
PROCESS MALFUNCTION OR DEFECT REPORT BY OPERATORS.............................102
HB 20.01
HB 20.02
HB 20.03
Objective. ........................................................................................................102
General ...........................................................................................................102
Procedures......................................................................................................103
CHAPTER 21 .....................................................................................................................104
PROCESS MALFUNCTION OR DEFECT REPORT BY CAA ...........................................104
HB 21.01
HB 21.02
HB 21.03
Objective. ........................................................................................................104
General ...........................................................................................................104
Procedures......................................................................................................105
CHAPTER 22 .....................................................................................................................106
REVIEW OPERATOR'S MECHANICAL INTERRUPTION SUMMARY REPORT ..............106
HB 22.01
HB 22.02
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Objective. ........................................................................................................106
General ...........................................................................................................106
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HB 22.03
Procedures......................................................................................................107
CHAPTER 23 .....................................................................................................................107
INSPECT OPERATOR'S MAIN BASE FACILITY ..............................................................108
HB 23.01
HB 23.02
HB 23.03
HB 23.04
Objective. ........................................................................................................108
General ...........................................................................................................108
Performing the inspection. ...............................................................................108
Procedures......................................................................................................109
CHAPTER 24 .....................................................................................................................114
INSPECT AVIONICS TEST EQUIPMENT..........................................................................114
HB 24.01
HB 24.02
HB 24.03
Objective. ........................................................................................................114
General ...........................................................................................................114
Procedures......................................................................................................115
CHAPTER 25 .....................................................................................................................116
INSPECT PART IV MAINTENANCE RECORDS ...............................................................116
HB 25.01
HB 25.02
HB 25.03
Objective. ........................................................................................................116
General ...........................................................................................................116
Procedures......................................................................................................119
CHAPTER 26 .....................................................................................................................121
MONITOR CONTINUOUS AIRWORTHINESS MAINTENANCE........................................121
PROGRAM/REVISION.......................................................................................................121
HB 26.01
HB 26.02
HB 26.03
HB 26.04
HB 26.05
Objective. ........................................................................................................121
General ...........................................................................................................121
Performing the inspection. ...............................................................................122
Procedures......................................................................................................128
Task outcome .................................................................................................131
CHAPTER 27 .....................................................................................................................132
MONITOR CONTINUING ANALYSIS AND SURVEILLANCE ...........................................132
PROGRAM/REVISION.......................................................................................................132
HB 27.01
HB 27.02
HB 27.03
HB 27.04
Objective. ........................................................................................................132
General ...........................................................................................................132
Initiation and planning .....................................................................................132
Procedures......................................................................................................135
CHAPTER 28 .....................................................................................................................143
MONITOR APPROVED RELIABILITY PROGRAM ...........................................................143
HB 28.01
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Objective . .......................................................................................................143
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HB 28.02
HB 28.03
HB 28.04
General ...........................................................................................................143
Inspector responsibilities .................................................................................143
Procedures......................................................................................................144
CHAPTER 29 .....................................................................................................................151
FLIGHT MANUALS - APPROVAL AND AMENDMENTS ..................................................151
HB 29.01
HB 29.02
HB 29.03
HB 29.04
HB 29.05
HB 29.06
HB 29.07
HB 29.08
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General ...........................................................................................................151
Definition : AFM...............................................................................................151
Certificate of airworthiness ..............................................................................151
Application...................................................................................................151
Format of the AFM ..........................................................................................151
Preparation of the AFM ...................................................................................152
Procedure for approval of AFM .......................................................................152
Up-keep of AFM ..............................................................................................153
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CHAPTER 0
GENERAL
HB.00.00 General
This Airworthiness Inspector handbook outlines the obligation of the Inspectors of THE
STATE on matters related to Airworthiness and helps in the application of the Civil Aviation
Regulation (CAR) of the STATE.
It provides detailed guidance on the management of documents referred in CAR XX, and
presents the establishment and operation of an airworthiness organisation with the CAA in
respect of Part XXX.
The following paragraph details the procedures it covers.
This Handbook is based on the ICAO Annexes 6 and 8, the Airworthiness Manual 9760, and
is developed in respect of EU/EASA Parts 21 and 145.
HB.00.01
Applicability
This Manual provides detailed instructions for the use by the inspectors of the following
procedures:
a) The validation of a Type Certificate,
b) Validation of a Certificate of Airworthiness issued by another State
c) Issue and renewal of certificate of airworthiness,
d) Approve a design change,
e) Issue an export certificate airworthiness,
f) Approvals of a maintenance programme,
g) Approvals of an operators maintenance system,
h) Approvals of Maintenance Management Exposition,
i) Approval of a Maintenance Organisation,
j) Evaluate short term escalation procedure,
k) Evaluate foreign registered aircraft operated in THE STATE,
l) Approve parts / pool parts / parts borrowing,
m) approve prorogation of time authorisations,
n) Evaluate operators maintenance programme,
o) Inspect aircraft
p) Issue aircraft condition notice,
q) Evaluate operators maintenance recording system,
r) Evaluate operators inspection and maintenance programme,
s) Issue process Defect report,
t) Issue process malfunction or defect report,
u) Review operators mechanical interruption summary report,
v) Inspect operators main base,
w) Inspect avionics test equipment,
x) Inspect General Aviation maintenance records,
y) Monitor continuous airworthiness maintenance
z) Monitor continuing analysis and surveillance,
aa) Monitor approved reliability programme.
.
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HB.00.02 Training and accreditation of inspecting staff

HB.00.02.01
General
All Inspectors must be suitably trained, qualified and experienced for their role. No hard
and fast rules on qualification can be made because the particular circumstances of
each Authority and each operator will differ. It is, nevertheless, most important that in
every instance, an Inspector should, by background and experience, command the
professional respect of the operator's senior personnel.
Senior personnel, in this context, includes those who are responsible for establishing
the company's operating procedures and standards including training managers. It
follows that Flight Inspectors will normally have:
- current experience on Regulations.
- recent, experience as a personnel involved in the maintenance of a commercial
aircraft or of a private, corporate or aerial work aircraft which is comparable to that
flown by the operators.
HB.00.02.02
Training of Inspectors
(1)
The Authority must devise, publish and keep under review a syllabus of training
for Inspectors.
(2)
All Inspectors must, before appointment, successfully complete the required

training programme.
(3)
The Authority must retain a record of all training undertaken by Inspectors

together with a record of an Inspector's previous experience which qualifies him
for appointment.
(4)
The training syllabus for Inspectors should include, as appropriate to their role,
instruction in the following:
(a) Those national requirements which are relevant to their inspection duties;
(b) iThe relevant Annexes to the Chicago Convention and the ICAO Manual of
Procedures for Operations, Inspection, Certification, Continued Airworthiness
and continued Surveillance referred in this Handbook;
(c) iThe Chicago Convention;
(d) Annexes 8 of ICAO Document,
(e) ANRs of the Aviation Authority of THE STATE
(f) the relevant Handbook.
HB.00.02.03
(1)
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Accreditation of Inspecting Staff
Upon appointment, an Inspector will be issued with a pass or document which

shows the holder's recent photograph and which entitles him to national and
international recognition of his powers. His rights of access, both ground side and
airside to premises or aircraft which reasonably lie within his assigned
responsibility should, subject to essential security scrutiny, be accepted by all
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authorities and associated airport personnel. The wording of the pass must be in
English and/or, in National language.
HB.00.03 Procedure for assessing the continued competence of an operator
Authorities must assess the operators and monitor the continued competence to conduct
safe operations in compliance with the relevant CARs. The Authority must ensure that
accountability for assessing operators is clearly defined. This accountability may be
delegated or shared, in whole or in part.
Where more than one agency is involved, an individual Department Head must be appointed
under whose personal authority AOC holders are assessed. This individual may or may not
be the Department Head responsible for the issue of an AOC.
The responsibility for a safe operation has always been carried by the operator. Under the
provisions of CARs, a positive move is made towards devolving upon the operating
company a share of the responsibility for monitoring the quality of a safe service to the
public. The HB .01 Objective cannot be attained unless Public Transport operators are
prepared to accept, readily, the implications of this policy including that of committing the
necessary resources to its implementation. Crucial to success of the policy is the content of
ANR which requires the establishment, by the AOC holder, of a Quality System involving a
designated Quality Manager and a nominated Accountable Manager.
The Authority must continue to assess the operator's compliance with all the requirements in
CAR XXX including the effectiveness of the Quality System (and the Maintenance Approval
Statement). If the Quality System, by being judged to have failed in its HB .01 Objectives,
ceases to be "acceptable to the Authority", this is in itself a breach of the requirements which
may call into question the validity of the AOC.
HB.00.04 Continued airworthiness reporting of failures, malfunctions and defects
THE HOLDER OF A C OF A FOR A PRODUCT ISSUED IN TERMS OF THE
REGULATIONS IN THIS PART, SHALL REPORT IN WRITING TO THE AUTHORITY ANY
FAILURE, MALFUNCTION OR DEFECT IN ANY PRODUCT MANUFACTURED BY IT
THAT IT DETERMINES HAS RESULTED IN ANY OF THE OCCURRENCES LISTED IN
PARAGRAPH (2) OF THIS SECTION AND MIGHT LEAD TO SUSPECT AN UNSAFE
CONDITION EXITS ON THE PRODUCT:
Occurrences referred to in HB.01.03(1), which must be reported, are the following:
(a) Fires caused by a system or equipment failure, malfunction, or defect.
(b) An engine exhaust system failure, malfunction, or defect which causes damage to
the engine, adjacent aircraft structure, equipment or components.
(c) The accumulation or circulation of toxic or noxious gases in the crew compartment
or passenger cabin.
(d) A malfunction, failure or defect of a propeller control system.
(e) A propeller or rotorcraft hub or blade structural failure.
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(f) Flammable fluid leakage in areas where an ignition source normally exists.
(g) A brake system failure caused by structural or material failure during operation.
(h) A significant aircraft primary structural defect or failure caused by any condition
such as fatigue, strength, corrosion, etc.
(i) Any abnormal vibration or buffeting caused by a structural or system malfunction,
defect or failure.
(j) An engine failure.
(k) Any structural or flight control system malfunction, defect or failure which causes
an interference with normal control of the aircraft.
(l) A complete loss of more than one electrical power generating system or hydraulic
power system during a given operation of the aircraft.
(m) A failure or malfunction of more than one attitude, airspeed or altitude instrument
during a given operation of the aircraft.
HB.00.05 Continued Airworthiness - Issuing of airworthiness directives
When an unsafe condition exits on a product in relation with the failures, defects and
malfunctions of HB.01.03, the Airworthiness Division of the Authority of THE STATE may
issue appropriate airworthiness directives in respect of design changes which are necessary
to correct the unsafe condition of this product.
If the criticality of the service problem requires the promulgation of an Airworthiness Directive
(AD), the CAA is responsible for making an assessment of the method of compliance and the
time interval in which compliance must be achieved.
The CAA will notify the Primary Certification Authority (PCA) of the manufacturer of in-service
problems in accordance with ICAO Annex 8. When urgency due to airworthiness
considerations so requires, the CAA may act unilaterally on a temporary basis, keeping the
PCA informed, but without committing them to acceptance. Exceptionally, the CAA may
negotiate an alternative compliance basis with an operator solely under his jurisdiction on a
case by case basis.
Automatic adoption of the Airworthiness Directives issued by the PCA is recommended. In
case the CAA has to issue a national AD to cover a PCA AD, it should clearly states the PCA
AD reference on which it is based and if there is any difference. In this latter case, these
differences must be clearly identified and justified. If there are no differences, the CAA AD
must credit previous compliance with the PCA AD as identical to compliance with the CAA
AD.
When CAA considers it necessary to deviate from the PCA AD or to issue an additional
national AD, it will only do so after consulting the PCA.
If the CAA considers it necessary to issue an emergency AD, an information has to be
provided immediately to the PCA and the approval holder. Further consultation will follow.
In all cases a written explanation must be provided by the CAA to the PAA and the approval
holder.
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IN CASE A DISAGREEMENT REMAINS AFTER THIS CONSULTATION,

-
for EASA products, parts and appliances, the CAA and the PCA will address the
issue to EASA Certification Director for an opinion.
For non-EASA products, parts, or appliances, the NAA will address the issue to the
relevant EASA team or Lead Authority for advice and discussion with the PCA. If the
CAA disagrees with the EASA team or Lead Authority position, the issue will be
submitted to EASA Certification Director for an opinion.
In rare cases EASA may recommend to CAAs to adopt an AD differing from the AD issued
by the PCA or to issue an additional AD. JAA will in this case follow a similar consultation
process as described in paragraph 2.4, (EASA will use for this purpose the CAAs ADs
distribution systems). Records of such EU/EASA recommended ADs would be kept by
Certification Director.
Format and content of Airworthiness Directives issued by a PCA
An AD must contain the following information:
-
An identification number
the name of the issuing authority and the mention that it is the PCA for the affected
product, part or appliance
a precise identification of the affected products, parts or appliances
the reason why the AD is issued, explaining clearly the background and identifying
precisely why there is an unsafe condition if the AD is not applied.
A precise description of the corrective action
A compliance schedule
An effective date
A date of issue
See appendix 1 for a standardised JAA format and guidelines on the way to write ADs.
HB.00.06
Exemptions
The Authority may exempt any person from any requirement in this Part following the
procedures prescribed in CAR XXX.
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CHAPTER 1
VALIDATION OF TYPE CERTIFICATES
HB.01.01 General
This procedure for the validation of a Type Certificate applies when the aircraft has never
been previously registered in THE STATE, and before the CAA of THE STATE issues the
individual Certificate of Airworthiness.
This chapter deals with the process necessary for a Type Certificate or STC Holder to obtain
Certification / Validation of its Product or STC in THE STATE.
The process to be conducted shall be in accordance with the relationship between the State
of Design and the CAA of THE STATE.
The task of demonstrating compliance to the certification requirements of the THE STATE is
the responsibility of the Type Certificate or STC Holder. The task of agreeing that compliance
has been demonstrated in accordance with the wishes of THE STATE, is the responsibility of
the Authority of THE STATE.
The HB.04.01 Objective of the CAA validation process is to enable the issue of a CAA Type
Certificate for an imported Product.
The HB.04.01 Objective of the finding of compliance process for the imported product is to be
satisfied that the level of safety required by the applicable requirements is reached. The
process, which is based on mutual Authority trust is aimed at minimising duplication of work
and by relying as much as possible on the findings of the Primary Certification Authority
(PCA) as long as the Team is satisfied that these findings are credible. Therefore, normally
the CAA Validation is based on the Type Certification made by the PCA to those
requirements specified by the PCA, with the CAA investigation largely concentrated on the
differences between the PCA and CAA Type Certification Basis.
HB.01.02 Eligibility
Any manufacturer of an aircraft holding for this product a TC (type certificate) issued by the
Civil Aviation Authority of the Country of Design may apply for the validation by the CAA of
THE STATE of the TC (type certificate) for this product.
HB.01.03
Duties of the CAA
The CAA has the responsibility for conducting the Validation of the Type certification and
post Type Certification processes for a product. It must perform its task in accordance with
the provisions of these JAA Certification/Validation Procedures.
When the CAA receives an application for the issuance of a TC, the CAA should send such
information to the Authority of Design, and to the manufacturer.
This would assist the CAA in obtaining from the Primary Authority the appropriate Design
Standards (applicable airworthiness requirements for the design aspect), and could help the
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CAA and the operator in case of Manuals and mandatory requirements being published in a
foreign language.
When an application for the issuance of a TC is submitted to the CAA, and the applicable
requirements for Design aspects, manuals and ADs are issued in a foreign language (other
than national, local or English) , it is the decision of the CAA to adopt its own politics for the
issuance of a TC.
The assistance of another State CAA could be requested, dependant on the choice of the
Authority.
HB.01.04 Application for validation of the TC.

The CAA should accept an application for the validation of a TC for a product when:
(a) made by the manufacturer to the Authority of THE STATE; and
(b) accompanied by (i)
the appropriate satisfactory evidence that the aircraft type satisfies the
applicable airworthiness requirements for the design aspect of such aircraft ;
and
(ii) the issuance by the Primary Certification Authority (PCA) to the CAA of this
type design definition.
Procedure for determination of applicable requirements

The CAA Type Certification Basis of a new Type or a derivative product must be the Type
Certification basis of the product at its initial Type Certification by the PCA of the
manufacturer.
The Team Leader of the CAA will notify to the Applicant within four weeks its National
Additional Operational Requirements having an impact on the design.
HB.01.05
Data requirements
An application from the manufacturer for the validation of a TC (type certificate) for a
product shall provide the Authority with (a) proof that the type design has been approved by the Primary authority (of the
country of design);
(b) details of the design aspects of the airworthiness requirements, including(i)
the airworthiness design standards;
(ii) the effective date of such standards;

(iii) any special conditions;
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(iv) any requirements not complied with and any compensating factors providing
an equivalent level of safety; and
(v) any airworthiness limitations;
(c) a list identifying the data submitted for the issuing of the TC referred to in
paragraph (a), showing compliance with the appropriate airworthiness
requirements,
(d) a copy of the flight manual approved by the Primary authority (of the country of
design);
(e) a list of the Airworthiness Directive issued by the authority of the country of design
applicable at the date of application for the validation of the TC;
(f) all other information the Authority might deem necessary.
HB.01.06 Validating the TC type certificate - The Validation Process

The validation process is in four phases that are outlined below. Certain technical disciplines
on a validation team may be at different phases of the validation project depending on the
progress of their efforts.
Phase I - General Familiarisation
Following receipt of an application an initial general familiarisation meeting will normally be
organised after the application has been accepted and a Certification Manager has been
nominated. In this meeting the time schedule will be established for the validation process.
The HB .01 Objective of this meeting is to enable the CAA to receive an overview briefing of
the project and acquire sufficient information to establish the appropriate technical disciplines
and size of the Team. The phase ends with the establishment of the CAA Team.
Phase II - Technical familiarisation
The HB .01 Objective of this phase is technical familiarisation with the aircraft by the CAA
Team.
The CAA team should receive a thorough familiarisation briefing on a new certification
program in order to fully understand the product design and any unique or novel design
features. This information will be used to establish the CAA Type Certification Basis for the
project. It will also serve the purpose of educating the CAA so it may appropriately deal with
continued operational safety issues within the STATE.
The briefing should be conducted jointly by the Primary Certification Authority and the
applicant. The PCA should present its Type Certification Basis and give a thorough brief on
all Exemptions, Special Conditions and Equivalent Safety Findings to ensure they are fully
understood by the CAA Team. The PCA should also give an overview of any significant
compliance findings already established.
Of prime importance is the presentation of the MOC (Means of Compliances) used, or to be
used, for regulations that significantly contribute to the airworthiness of the product, such as
fatigue, static strength, software validation and verification, basic loads, lightning, etc.
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Phase III - Determining CAA involvement

The HB .01 Objective of this phase is to identify the delegation of compliance determinations
by the CAA to the CA and those compliance determinations that the CAA wishes to retain for
itself.
Phase IV- Compliance Determination
Compliance determinations are made either by the CA or the CAA Team. Such
determinations can be made as soon as compliance responsibility is established. The phase
ends with the issuance of the CAA Type Certificate.
The task of demonstrating compliance with the requirements is the responsibility of the
Applicant. The task of being satisfied that compliance has been demonstrated is the
responsibility of the CAA Team
Compliance with the CAA Type Certification Basis for the Product will be based on
compliance with the CA Type Certification Basis, plus compliance with the SRD (Significant
Regulatory Difference) for the particular amendment-pair of regulations and any Exemptions
and Special Conditions issued by the CAA.
For a validation project concurrent or almost concurrent with the certification project, this
phase includes the familiarisation flights by the CAA. For a validation project sequential to
the certification project, it is recommended that the familiarisation flights take place during
Phase II of the validation program to ensure an early, more complete understanding of the
Product.
Compliance with the CAA Type Certification Basis for the Product will be based on compliance
with the CA Type Certification Basis, plus compliance with the SRD for the particular
amendment-pair of regulations and any Exemptions and Special Conditions issued by the
CAA.
The compliance record/compliance checklist must include a definition of the build standard
(CAA Type Design) associated with the compliance demonstrations.
Each compliance document referred to in the Compliance Record shall contain a statement
by the Applicant declaring compliance with the applicable requirements
Conformity Statement and Inspection
For certification tests, the Applicant must submit a statement of conformity according to IR
21.N33. Any deviations from the defined CAA Type Design must be identified in the
certification reports.
To verify the Applicant's conformity Statement,the Team may request the CA, or via the CA
its representative, to perform an inspection as considered appropriate by the Team.
Equipment Qualification
The Applicant, in agreement with the PCM, shall use a procedure to cover equipment
qualification. This Procedure will primarily assure the airworthiness for a particular
installation.
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Witnessing of tests
The CA is responsible for the witnessing of all tests necessary for the compliance finding to
the CAA Type Certification Basis. However, the CAA Team may determine that they need to
have direct involvement in the witnessing of specific tests. The PCM must ensure that
sufficient notice is given for this to be taken into account in the test programme and the
reason and extent of the CAA Teams involvement is justified.
Final Report
The Team will produce a report which will record the Type Design on which the evaluation is
based, will recall the Team's understanding of the design on which it has worked, the
significant subject(s) investigated and the details of that investigation, the process followed
and the conclusions regarding compliance with the CAA Type Certification basis.
The Final Report produced by the PCM/Team will be presented for approval by the PCM to
CAA Management. A specimen Final Report is given in Appendix 7.
The CAA, further an application in terms of regulation HB.01.04, may grant a validation of the
TC for a product issued if the applicant complies with the provisions of regulations HB.01.04
and 01.05.
HB.01.07 Documentation
HB.01.07.01
Presentation
Each compliance document referred to in the Record shall be in English and shall be
transmitted by the Applicant to the CAA Team on its request. Supporting documents
shall be in English when requested by the CAA Team.
HB.01.07.02
(1)
Documents requiring Approval
Documents associated with Aircraft Type Validation

(a) Aircraft Flight Manual
An Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) will be produced by the Applicant and agreed
by the CAA Team, and will be recommended by the PCM to the Authority of
the State of Design for approval.
The requirements for the submission of copies of the draft material will be
discussed at one of the first Team meetings. At this time a specification for the
manual will be required or to establish the proposed layout and content. The
time required for review and approval of the manual should also be
established at that meeting and will be agreed by the PCM.
The CAA Team will determine whether the limitations, operational procedures
and performance contained in the AFM provides for safe operations and are
compatible with the aircraft type design, and the CAA Type Certification Basis.
The AFM will be approved by the CAA.
(b) Airworthiness Limitations Items and Certification Maintenance Requirements
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The documents containing Airworthiness Limitations and Certification

Maintenance Requirements arising from the validation process shall be
produced by the Applicant, reviewed and agreed by the CAA Team and
signed by the CAA.
(2)
Documents associated with Engine Type Validation

The following documentation requires formal approval:
- Engine Installation Drawing and Manual
- Engine Operating Instruction Manual
- Engine Maintenance and Overhaul Manual
(3)
Documents associated with Propeller Type Certification/Validation

The following official documentation requires formal approval:
- Propeller Installation Drawing and Manual
- Propeller Operating Instruction Manual
- Propeller Maintenance and Overhaul Manual
(4)
Archives
Record keeping must be made by the CAA in accordance with the relevant CAA
procedure.
(5)
Confidentiality of Documents
All documents and information, which are received during the validation process
and which are the property of the Applicant will be protected from disclosure to
third parties or persons in accordance with the laws and regulations applicable to
national certification.
(6)
Concluding Documents
To enable CAA to issue a Type Certificate, the Team has to provide documents,
in which the activities of the Team and the final results of the investigation are
presented. These should normally comprise:
- Team Final Report
- Items requiring future action PostType Certification
- Definition of the CA Type Design used as the basis for the CAA validation,
plus:
(a) the CAA Additional Requirements for Import (ARIs)
(b) the Applicant's design changes necessary to satisfy the CAA ARIs
Note: the defined CA Type Design plus the Applicant's design changes
necessary to satisfy the CAA ARIs, define the CAA Type Design.
-
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Compliance Record
CAA Type Certificate Data Sheet
List of documents required for Type Certification
Compliance Statement from the Applicant
Compliance Statement from the CA
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HB.01.08 Form of the validation of a TC

A validation of a TC shall be issued on the appropriate form as prescribed in Annex B.
HB.01.09 Validity
(1)
A validation of a TC shall be valid until it is surrendered by the holder thereof, or is

suspended or cancelled by the Authority.
The holder of a Validated TC which is suspended or cancelled, shall surrender the Validated
type certificate upon suspension thereof, to the Authority.
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CHAPTER 2
VALIDATION OF A CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHINESS
HB.02.01 Applicability
This chapter prescribes the detailed procedure for the validation of a certificate of
airworthiness (C of A) for an aircraft in application of the CAR XXX.
The CAA through this procedure for rendering valid of a Certificate of Airworthiness (C of A)
issued by another State means, by its action, it certifies that it is satisfied that the C of A was
issued in compliance with all respects of the rules governing the Delivery of a C of A.
An C of A validated by the CAA shall be rendered valid for a temporary period, the
application for a definite C of A delivered by the CAA shall be made during this period.
Any owner of an aircraft holding for this product a C of A issued by the Civil Aviation
Authority of another Country, and for which a TC has been previously validated, may apply
for the validation by the CAA of the STATE of the C of A for this aircraft.
When no TC has been previously validated, a Certificate of Airworthiness may be delivered if
a C of A has been delivered for similar aircraft previously and such aircraft being still on the
register of the STATE.
HB.02.03 Application for the validation of a C of A

An application for the validation of a C of A for an aircraft shall be
(a) completed and submitted by the owner to the Authority of THE STATE; and
(b) accompanied by (i)
the appropriate records, documents and manuals mentioned in paragraph HB

02.04
(ii) the issuance by the exporting Authority to the CAA of this type design
definition.
(c) together with the evidence that the aircraft is in airworthy condition, refer to HB
02.05.
HB.02.04
Data requirements
Further an application from the owner for the validation of a C of A for an aircraft, the CAA
should check that the applicant provides the Authority with
(a) a flight manual approved by the Primary authority (Authority of the country of
design);
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(b) all documents to be presented in procedure HB 03.03 for the issuance of a

Certificate of Airworthiness,
(c) a list of the Airworthiness Directive issued by the authority of the country of design
applicable at the date of application for the validation of the TC, these ADs shall
cover the airframe, the engines, and the appliances;
(d) all other information the Authority might deem necessary.
HB.02.05 Inspections to be carried out by the inspector of the CAA:

While the CAA is validating a certificate of airworthiness, inspections should be carried out
on:
(a) the records provided in accordance with parag (a) of HB 03.04, to ensure the
completion and validity of such information,
(b) the documents provided in accordance with parag (b) of HB 03.04 to ensure that
such document have been controlled or approved by the CAA, such procedures for
the approval of documents are provided in Chapter
(c) despite that a maintenance organization is entitled to inspect the aircraft for
ensuring the good condition of the airframe, engine(s) and propeller(s), the CAA
should also inspect the aircraft to ensure that the airframe, engines, propeller(s)
and associated appliances satisfies a standard condition and are fit to fly. Refer to
chapter 16 of this handbook.
HB 02.06 Retention of documents:

The documents listed under HB 03.04 paragraph (a) shall be retained by the CAA.
A copy of the documents listed under HB 03.04 paragraph (b) shall be retained by the CAA.
HB 02.07 Continuing airworthiness

The CAA of the STATE by the validation of the C of A of another State becomes responsible
for ensuring the continuous airworthiness and safe operation of the aircraft in accordance
with the rules applicable to the Renewal of a C of A.
HB.02.08 Validating the C of A of another State
An application in terms of regulation HB.02.03 shall be granted and a validation of the C of A
for the aircraft issued if the applicant complies with the provisions of regulations HB.02.04
and HB.02.5.
HB.02.09 Form of the validation of a C of A
A validation of a C of A shall be made by the issue of an appropriate document stating that
the subject C of A has been accepted by the CAA and stipulating that this original C of A has
the same value than a C of A delivered by the CAA.
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Such document shall remain attached to the original C of A.

HB.02.10 Validity
A validated C of A shall be valid until it is surrendered by the holder thereof, or is suspended
or cancelled by the Authority.
(1)
A Certificate of Airworthiness validated by the CAA shall be delivered for a period of

one year, and a definite C of A shall be delivered by the CAA at the issue of this period
under the conditions mentioned at III.06.04.
The holder of a Validated C of A which is suspended or cancelled, shall surrender the

Validated certificate upon suspension thereof, to the Authority.
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CHAPTER 3
ISSUANCE OF A CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHINESS
This Subpart prescribes procedural requirements for the issuance of Certificates of
Airworthiness.
A Certificate of Airworthiness may be issued by the CAA to an aircraft for registration in THE
STATE when the type of the aircraft has been previously validated by the CAA. Refer to HB
01 of this Manual for the detailed prescriptions of this procedure of TC validation.
When no TC has been previously validated, a Certificate of Airworthiness may be delivered if
a C of A has been delivered for similar aircraft previously and such aircraft being still on the
register of THE STATE.
HB.03.03 Categories of certificates of airworthiness
(1)
No certificate of airworthiness will be issued except in accordance with the

requirements of this procedure,
(2)
The categories of certificates of airworthiness are (a) validated certificate of airworthiness;

(b) standard certificate of airworthiness
(c) special flight permit;
Validated certificate of airworthiness are certificates of airworthiness issued for aircraft for
which a Validation of a Certificate of Airworthiness has been issued in accordance with
Chapter 2 of this Manual and for entry on the STATE register.
(3)
Standard certificate of airworthiness is a certificate of airworthiness issued for aircraft

for its new registration in the STATE.
(4)
Special flight permits.
HB.03.04 Application for a certificate of airworthiness

Further an application for the issuing of a standard C of A, the CAA should check that the
application is: (a) completed and submitted to the Authority in the appropriate form as prescribed in
Annex C ; and
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(i)
the certificate of airworthiness issued by the State of previous registry,
(ii) the Certificate of Airworthiness for export, if the previous State of registry
provides such certificate,
(iii) all relevant records of previously completed inspections, maintenance, flight
test, and calibration
(iv) all relevant records of modifications and repairs carried out on the aircraft up
to this date,
(v) records of all work required to be done to the aircraft for the issuance of the C
of A, such records should be introduced in the relevant log-books
(vi) flight test records,
(vii) a maintenance release document from the organization carrying work (ii) and
(iii) should be issued, certifying that the aircraft is fit to fly as far as can be
reasonably determined from inspection of the aircraft and its records, and that
applicable airworthiness directives and mandatory modifications and
inspections of the State of Design and the CAA have been carried-out or
certified to have been carried out.
(c) The following documents relevant to the aircraft should be provided:
(i)
Operation Manual or Flight Manual
(ii) Maintenance Programme,

(iii) Weight and Balance manual
(iv) Log-books for the airframe, engine(s), propeller(s)
(v) Technical log-books in case the aircraft is used for Public Transport,.
(vi) Minimum Equipment List,
HB.03.04.01
Presentation
Each compliance document referred to in the Record shall be in English and shall be
transmitted by the Applicant to the CAA Team on its request. Supporting documents
shall be in English when requested by the CAA Team.
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HB.03.04.02
Documents requiring Approval
Documents associated with Aircraft Type Validation

(1)
Aircraft Flight Manual

An Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) will be produced by the Applicant and agreed by
the CAA Team, and will be based on the AFM approved by the CAA in the frame
of the Type Certification Validation, or the Type Certificate of the manufacturer.
The CAA Team will determine whether the limitations, operational procedures
and performance contained in the AFM provides for safe operations and are
compatible with the aircraft type design, and the CAA Type Certification Basis.
The AFM will be approved by the CAA.
(2)
Airworthiness Limitations Items and Certification Maintenance Requirements

The documents containing Airworthiness Limitations and Certification
Maintenance Requirements arising from the validation process shall be produced
by the Applicant, reviewed and agreed by the CAA Team and signed by the CAA.

Prior to the delivery of a C of A, inspections should be carried by the Authority out on:
(a) the records provided in accordance with parag (a) of HB 03.04, to ensure the
completion and validity of such information,
(b) the documents provided in accordance with parag (b) of HB 03.04 to ensure that
such document have been controlled or approved by the CAA, such procedures for
the approval of documents are provided in ANR Airworthiness Handbook.
(c) despite that a maintenance organization is entitled to inspect the aircraft for
ensuring the good condition of the airframe, engine(s) and propeller(s), the CAA
should also inspect the aircraft to ensure that the airframe, engines, propeller(s)
and associated appliances satisfies a standard condition and are fit to fly.
HB.03.06 Flight test

A flight test may be required by the inspector of the CAA, depending on the weight of the
aircraft:
(a) for light aircraft ( MTOW of 2 730 Kg or less) the aircraft should be flight tested
according to procedures specified in ANR Part VIII,
(b) for aircraft above 2 730 Kg, the flight test is not required, unless the CAA is not
satisfied with the condition of the aircraft.
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The documents listed under HB 03.04 paragraph (a) shall be retained by the CAA.
A copy of the documents listed under HB 03.04 paragraph (b) shall be retained by the CAA.
HB 03.08 Issuing of certificate of airworthiness

The CAA should grant a certificate of airworthiness if
(a) the Type of aircraft has been previously validated,
(b) Records and documents listed in HB 03.04 have been provided,
(c) Results of flight tests are satisfactory
When a C of A has been delivered by the CAA and a Registration has been provided to
subject aircraft, in application of ICAO annex 8 4.3, the CAA will inform the TC holder of
such registration.
HB.03.09 Certificate of airworthiness form
A certificate of airworthiness shall be issued on the appropriate form as prescribed in Annex
E or F as appropriate.
HB.03.10 Validity
(1)
A certificate of airworthiness shall be valid until (a) it expires, if an expiry date has been determined by the Authority; or
(b) it is surrendered by the holder thereof, or is suspended or cancelled by the
Authority.
Subject to the provisions of sub-regulation (1), a certificate of airworthiness shall remain valid
for as long as (a) the aircraft remains a the STATE registered aircraft; and
(b) in respect of an aircraft with a standard or restricted category certificate of
airworthiness, the aircraft is maintained in accordance with the applicable
regulations.
(2)
The holder of a certificate of airworthiness which expires, shall forthwith surrender the
certificate to the Authority.
(3)
The holder of a certificate of airworthiness which is suspended or cancelled shall

forthwith produce the certificate upon suspension thereof, to Authority.
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The CAA of the STATE by the issuance of the C of A becomes responsible for ensuring the
continuous airworthiness and safe operation of the aircraft in accordance with the rules
applicable to the Renewal of a C of A.
HB.03.12 Transferability
In the case the owner of the aircraft transfers the property of the aircraft to another owner,
the C of A remains valid, until the Certificate of Registration for this aircraft is reissued in the
name of the new owner, and the conditions for the calculation of the next expiry date of the C
of A are respected. Refer to chapter 4 for the calculation of the expiry date.
HB.03.13 Special Flight permit

HB.03.13.01
Objective.
This chapter provides guidance for evaluating an application to amend operations

specifications for a special flight permit to conduct ferry flights.
HB.03.13.02
General
(1)
Definition: Damaged aircraft - An aircraft that has sustained physical damage or

has inoperative/malfunctioning equipment.
(2)
Issuance. The authorizing statute does not automatically authorize the issuance
of permits to all eligible operators.
(3)
Eligibility
(a) The special flight permit is issued only to operators subject to the following:
(i)
Holder of an OAC according to CAR XXX,
(ii) Holder of Certificate of Airworthiness in Restricted or normal category,

(b) Aircraft involved in an accident or incident may not be ferried prior to notifying
the CAA accident coordinator.
(c) An Airworthiness Directive (AD) may dictate that safety demands further
limitations. The AD may limit ferry flights to those specifically approved by the
CAA.
(d) ANR Part III provides that no person may operate an aircraft to which an AD
applies except in accordance with the requirements of that AD. Therefore, if
an AD requires compliance before further flight, with no provision for the
issuance of special flight permit, the operation of the specified aircraft would
not be permitted.
(4)
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Manual Review
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(a) The operator may consider certain conditions and limitations necessary to
facilitate the inspection and operation of an aircraft. These conditions should
be included in the operator's manual.
(b) When reviewing manual materials, the following items should be considered:
(i) Technical data
(ii) Operational equipment necessary for safe operation of the aircraft
(iii) Aircraft weight limits
(iv) Fuel distribution limits
(v) Center of gravity limits
(vi) Aircraft maneuver limitations
(vii) Flight equipment usage, limitations, e.g., autopilot, etc.
(viii) Airspeed limits
(ix) Meteorological limits, including:
Conditions to be avoided
Required inspections when these conditions are encountered
Weather minimums
(2)
Authorization for Ferry Flights with one Engine Inoperative. Operators may
conduct a ferry flight of a four engines airplane or a turbine engine powered
airplane equipped with three engines, with one engine inoperative, to a base for
the purpose of repairing that engine. The following restrictions will apply:
(a) The particular airplane model must have had a test flight conducted with an
engine inoperative in accordance with performance data contained in the
applicable airplane flight manual
(b) The approved airplane flight manual must contain the performance data.
(c) The operator's manual must contain operating procedures for the safe
operation of the airplane,
(d) The operator may not depart an airport where the initial climbout is in thickly
populated or the weather conditions at the takeoff or destination airport are
less than those required for Visual Flight Rules (VFR) flight
(e) Only required flight crewmembers can be carried aboard during this ferry
flight
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(f) The required flight crewmembers must be thoroughly familiar with the
company's operating procedures and the airplane Approved Flight Manual for
one engine inoperative ferry flights.
HB.03.13.03
Application involving foreign air transportation.
Special Airworthiness Certificate, prohibits an aircraft to fly "over any foreign country
without the special permission of that country. When issued for one of these purposes,
the CAA is obligated to ensure this Contracting State registered aircraft have standard
airworthiness certificates. Therefore, the aircraft cannot be flown over any foreign
country without the special permission of that country.
(1)
The only exception recognized in ICAO Annex 8 is the temporary loss of

airworthiness due to damage to the aircraft. In this case, damaged aircraft refers
to inoperative or malfunctioning equipment as well as physical damage to the
aircraft. In such an event, Part II, Section 6.2.2, recognizes that the country of
registry may allow the aircraft to be ferried to a where it can be restored to an
airworthy condition.
(2)
Since Annex 8 provides for this flight situation, an AOC certificate holder
engaged in foreign air transportation is not required to obtain permission to fly
over, into, or out of foreign countries when exercising the provision of a special
flight permit, with continuing authorization to conduct ferry flights for purposes of
repair.
HB.03.13.04.
Display of permit
The operator must display in the aircraft the current airworthiness certificate, including
a special flight permit or authorization. The operator must carry either the operations
specifications or portions of the certificate holder manual containing a restatement of
the permit with those conditions and limitations imposed by the Director.
Transmission of special flight permits.
At the request of the applicant, a special flight permit may be transmitted via FAX
equipment using the sample format of the telegraphic special flight permit .
Airworthiness Certification of Aircraft and Related Approvals.
(1)
The permit must include any additional operating limitations that may be required
and must be displayed in the aircraft, prior to conducting the special flight.
(2)
The transmission of a special flight permit via FAX allows an aircraft to be moved
when the flight cannot be delayed.
(3)
FAX transmitted special flight permits are to be used only for the following
purposes:
(a) Flying the aircraft to a base where repairs, alteration, or maintenance are to
be performed or to a point of storage
(b) Evacuating aircraft from areas of impending danger
(4)
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CAA offices having FAX equipment capable of sending messages collect will
advise the applicant that payment for the FAX special flight permit must be made
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at the receiving location. If the FAX equipment at the CAA office is not capable of
sending messages collect, the applicant may pick up the completed and signed
FAX special permit at the CAA office and transmit it by another FAX machine at
the applicant's discretion.
HB.03.13.05
Procedures
(1)
Verify the Operator's Application. Ensure that the operator has applied for an
operations specifications amendment with the district office in charge of
inspecting its overall operation.
(2)
Verify that the Aircraft is Capable of Safe Flight. The aircraft does not have to
meet all airworthiness requirements.
(3)
Review the Operator's Manual

(a) Ensure that the manual has the following procedures for ferry flights:
(i)
Provisions for conveying the authorization to ferry to the operating crew
(ii) A system for recording each flight conducted under this authorization
(iii) Procedures to determine that the proposed special flight complies with the
STATE Aviation Regulations and is not prohibited by any Airworthiness
Directives (ADs)
(iv) Procedures to allow additional crewmembers and other authorized
persons to be carried aboard the aircraft during ferry flights when the
aircraft flight characteristics have not been appreciably changed or its
operation in flight substantially affected
(v) Procedures to ensure the display of the current airworthiness certificate
and any special flight permit or authorization
(vi) Procedures to ensure the review of the following items prior to releasing
the ferry flight:
Technical data to which the aircraft must perform
Operational equipment necessary for safe operation of the aircraft
Aircraft weight limits
Fuel distribution limits
Center of gravity limits
Aircraft maneuver limitations
Equipment usage limitations, e.g., autopilot
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Airspeed limits
Meteorological limits, including conditions to be avoided, inspections
required should these conditions be encountered inadvertently, and
weather minimums
(b) For one engine inoperative ferry flights, ensure the following:
(i)
The operator has a four engine airplane or a turbine engine powered

airplane equipped with three engines
(ii) The applicable airplane has been previously test flown with one engine
inoperative in accordance with its approved Airplane Flight Manual. The
approved Airplane Flight Manual must contain the following data:
Maximum weight
Configuration of the inoperative propeller, if applicable
Runway length for takeoff, including temperature accountability
Altitude range
Certificate limitations
Ranges of operational limits
Performance information
Operating procedures
(c) The operator's manual must include the following:
(i)
A limitation that the operating weight on any ferry flight must be the
minimum necessary with the necessary reserve fuel load
(ii) A limitation that takeoffs must be made from dry runways unless, based
on a showing of actual runway operating takeoff techniques on wet
runways with one engine inoperative, takeoffs with full controllability from
wet runways have been approved for the specific model aircraft and
included in the approved Airplane Flight Manual
(iii) Procedures for operations from airports in which the runways may require
a takeoff or approach over populated areas
(iv) Inspection procedures for determining the operating conditions of the
operative engines
(v) A restriction that no person may takeoff from an airport in which the initial
climb is over thickly populated areas or weather conditions at the takeoff
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and destination airport are less than those required for Visual Flight Rules
(VFR) flight
(vi) Procedures that ensure carrying only essential flight crewmembers
aboard the airplane during the ferry flight
(vii) Procedures that ensure flight crewmembers are thoroughly familiar with
the operator's operating procedures and the approved Airplane Flight
Manual for one engine inoperative ferry flights
(4)
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Notify the CAA Accident Coordinator Prior to any Authorization of an Aircraft

Involved in an Accident or Incident
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CHAPTER 4
RENEWAL OF A CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHIESS
This Subpart prescribes procedural requirements for the renewal of a Certificate of
Airworthiness by the CAA.
The CAA renews a Certificate of Airworthiness to an aircraft registered in the STATE when a
certificate of airworthiness has been previously validated or issued by the CAA, when such
certificate validity comes to its end, and all conditions for continued airworthiness are
granted.
HB.04.04 Application for the renewal of a certificate of airworthiness

The CAA accepts an application for renewal of a C of A if(1)
completed in the appropriate form as prescribed in Annex C; and submitted to the

Authority at least 15 days prior to the expiry of the certificate.
(2)
accompanied by an Inspection Report which includes(a) the certificate of airworthiness issued by the Authority,
(b) all relevant records of previously completed inspections, maintenance, flight test,
and calibration since the last renewal of certificate,
(c) all relevant records of modifications and repairs carried out on the aircraft since the
last renewal of certificate,
(d) flight test records,
(e) a maintenance release document from the organization carrying work (iv) should
be issued, certifying that the aircraft is fit to fly as far as can be reasonably
determined from inspection of the aircraft and its records, and that applicable
airworthiness directives and mandatory modifications and inspections of the State
of Design and the CAA issued since previous renewal of certificate have been
carried-out or certified to have been carried out.
When satisfactorily completed, such Inspection Report provides necessary information
to grant the continuous airworthiness.
(3)
The following documents relevant to the aircraft should be provided:

(a) Operation Manual or Flight Manual
(b) Maintenance Programme,
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(c) Weight and Balance manual

(d) Log-books for the airframe, engine(s), propeller(s)
(e) Technical log-books in case the aircraft is used for Public Transport,.
(f) Minimum Equipment List,
Prior to the renewal of the certificate of airworthiness, the CAA should inspect the following
items:
(1)
the records provided in the Inspection Report, to ensure the completion and validity of
such information,
(2)
the documents provided in accordance with parag (c) of HB 04.04 to ensure that such
document have been controlled or approved by the CAA.
(3)
despite that a maintenance organization is approved for the inspection of the aircraft for
ensuring the good condition of the airframe, engine(s) and propeller(s), the CAA should
also inspect the aircraft to ensure that the airframe, engines, propeller(s) and
associated appliances satisfies a standard condition and are fit to fly.
The aircraft shall be inspected in respect of the process described in the CAA
Handbook Chapter 16 and its annexes.
The applicant shall be required to make the aircraft available at a time and place
acceptable to the Authority for such checks and inspections.
HB 04.06 Check-list
A check list is provided in appendix 1 of this chapter as an aid to be used by the inspector of
the CAA for the renewal of C of A of aircraft registered in the STATE.
HB.04.07 Flight test

A flight test may be required by the inspector of the CAA, depending on the weight of the
aircraft:
(1)
for light aircraft ( MTOW of 2 730 Kg or less) the aircraft should be flight tested
according to procedures specified in Part VIII,
(2)
for aircraft above 2 730 Kg, the flight test is not required, unless the CAA is not
satisfied with the condition of the aircraft.
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The documents provided in the Inspection Report mentioned at line 8 of the check-list shall
be retained by the CAA.
HB 04.09 Period of renewal of a certificate of airworthiness

This date of next expiry is calculated from the date of previous expiry augmented of a one
year period.
The renewal of the C of A shall be made on the C of A itself by mentioning the date of next
expiry.
HB.04.10 Validity
Subject to the provisions of sub-regulation (1), a certificate of airworthiness shall remain valid
for as long as (a) the aircraft remains a the STATE registered aircraft; and
(b) in respect of an aircraft with a standard or restricted category certificate of
airworthiness, the aircraft is maintained in accordance with the applicable
regulations.
The holder of a certificate of airworthiness, which expires, shall forthwith give back the
certificate to the Authority.
The holder of a certificate of airworthiness which is suspended or cancelled shall forthwith
produce the certificate upon suspension thereof, to Authority.
The CAA of THE STATE by the issuance of the C of A remains responsible for ensuring the
oversight of the continuous airworthiness and safe operation of the aircraft in accordance
with the rules applicable to the Renewal of a C of A.
HB.04.12 Transferability
In the case the owner of the aircraft transfers the property of the aircraft to another owner,
the C of A may remain valid, until the Certificate of Registration for this aircraft is reissued in
the name of the new owner, and the conditions for keeping the expiry date of the C of A are
respected. Refer to HB 04 for the definition of the expiry date.
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CHAPTER 5
APPROVAL OF DESIGN CHANGES
MODIFICATIONS (CHANGES TO THE TYPE CERTIFICATE) - REPAIRS
This subpart prescribes procedural requirements for the approval of modifications and
repairs to aircraft registered in the STATE or aircraft engine or propeller fitted on aircraft
registered in the STATE.
The CAA should approve the design of a modification or a repair from any owner of a THE
STATE registered aircraft (or the agent of the owner) or from a maintenance organization
entitled to carry out the maintenance of such aircraft in accordance with a documented
contract, on behalf of the owner, when such application satisfies the following requirements,
and when the inspector of the CAA has enough experience for granting such approval.
The inspector of an authority called to approve a modification or a repair needs experience
on evaluating the extent of the application, on reviewing the Airworthiness requirements for
Design aspects, and on approving the relevant Means of Compliance and revisions to
Manuals.
If the inspector of the CAA has not enough experience for granting such approval, then the
authority will require that this modification or repair be approved first by the Primary Authority
of the manufacturer. The approval by the CAA may then be granted further evidence of
approval by the Primary Authority.
The Structural Repair Manual being a document approved by the Primary Authority, any
repair carried-out in reference and in accordance with the SRM need no approval. Any repair
carried-out out of the SRM shall need to be approved by the authority.
An engineering change authorization/order provides an air carrier with a format for:
(a) Documenting major repairs and alterations to equipment the operator uses
(b) Recording CAA approved data and procedures for accomplishing alterations and
repairs to aircraft, propellers, power-plants, accessories, and components. If no
previously approved data exists, the operator must obtain approval through an
CAA engineering office.
(c) Developing procedures and data used to comply with and provide verification of
Airworthiness Directives
In evaluating an engineering change authorization, an inspector must approach this task in
the same manner as reviewing/approving a major repair or alteration.
HB.05.03 Definition
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A modification to a product is any physical installation of a design change (therefore to the

TC) on a product. No product shall be modified except in accordance with design data
approved by the Authority.
A repair is an action to restore a product to a condition for safe operation. No product shall
be repaired except in accordance with design data approved by the Authority
HB.05.04 Classification of modifications and repairs
Further the application for approval, the Authority should first classify the change in minor
and major change.
A minor modification/repairs is the physical installation on a product of a design change that
has no appreciable effect on weight, balance, structural strength, reliability, operational
characteristics, or other characteristics affecting the airworthiness of the product, or any
design change having no influence on the approved manuals (AFM, MEL, maintenance
programme). All other modifications are major modifications. Refer to annexe 1 of this
chapter.
Any modification/repair must be approved in accordance with HB.05.05, HB.05.06 and
HB.05.07 below.
HB.05.05 Application
The CAA should accept an application for approval of a modification or a repair to a product
when:
(a) made to the Authority in the appropriate form as prescribed in Annex J; and
(b) it includes:
(i)
a description of the change identifying all parts of the Type Design and the
approved Manuals affected by the change,
(ii) the requirements with which the change has been designed to comply;
(iii) a proof of compliance with the provisions of regulation HB.05.06
The application should include a list of affected Type Design requirements paragraphs for
which a demonstration is necessary, together with the means (calculation, test or analysis)
by which it is proposed to show compliance.
In reviewing an engineering change authorization, the inspector should be aware that the
authorization serves not only as a maintenance record but also as a planning document for
the operator. The authorization will normally contain material and personnel requirements,
diagrams (blueprints, schematics, etc.), detailed procedures, and signoffs. The inspector
should ensure that all data is correct, complete, and does not conflict with existing
authorizations or maintenance procedures.
If the engineering change authorization concerns new or modified equipment, maintenance
procedures may have to be revised or developed. Coordination with the Principal Operations
Inspector may be required to ensure the operations manual and/or Approved Flight Manual
(AFM) contains the revised or new procedures;
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HB.05.06 Definition of applicable requirements

An applicant for approval of a modification or a repair to a product must comply with either:
the requirements incorporated by reference in the validation of a Type Certificate of the
product (EASA CS or FAR 25, EASA CS engine or FAR 33); or the applicable
requirements in effect on the date of application, plus any other amendments the Authority
find to be directly related.
PROCEDURES
A.
Review Operator's Submitted Engineering Change Authorization.

Ensure the following:
B.
(1)
Operator's classification (minor/major) is correct
(2)
If classified as major, that data has previous CAA approval
(3)
Diagrams and procedures are clear, precise, and complete
(4)
Proper materials are listed and employed
(5)
Individual maintenance and inspection task signoffs are

provided for and are adequate to ensure authorization compliance
(6)
The authorization does not affect existing systems and/or

Procedures
(7)
Maintenance/operating manuals and procedures are revised to

include new or revised procedures that may be required as a result of
the authorization
Analyze Findings If discrepancies are noted, contact the

operator and request corrective action.
HB.05.07 Issuance of a modification/repair approval

The Authority approves a major modification/repair to a product when:
(a) the applicant has complied with HB.05.05
(b) the applicant has shown that:
(i)
the design change of the modified product complies with HB.05.06;
(ii) the installation of the modification/repair on the product conforms to the design
change; and
(iii) no feature or characteristic make the product unsafe for the uses for which
approval of the modification is requested.
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(1)
Successful completion of this task will result in the following:

(a) For a minor engineering change authorization, discard the office copy of the
authorization
(b) For a major engineering change authorization with previously approved or field
approved data, file the authorization in the Airworthiness Division operator file
(c) For a major engineering change authorization without previously approved data,
accomplish one of the following:
(i)
Field approve the authorization

NOTE: Inspectors are not required to give a field approval. This is done at the
inspector's discretion. Knowledge of the equipment involved should be taken
into consideration.
(ii) Send the authorization to CAA Engineering for further evaluation and/or
approval
(iii) Return the authorization to the operator to obtain the necessary approvals
through designated engineering representatives, etc.
(iv) When data is approved, e.g., field or engineering, inform the operator of the
findings and return the signed original to the operator
Document Task. File all supporting paperwork in the operator's office file.
HB.05.08 Modification approval form
The CAA may grant an approval to a modification on the appropriate form as prescribed in
Annex J.
A repair approval is issued on the appropriate form as prescribed by the Annex K.
HB 05.09 Validation of a change to design
When a change to design has been approved by the authority of a State covered by the FAA
or JAA requirements, the CAA may accept such change to design by the validation of the
approval by the relevant State.
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HB.05.10 Record keeping

For each modification and repair, all information related to the design change including the
drawings, test reports and inspection records of the modified product, shall be held by the
applicant at the disposal of the Authority and shall be retained in order to provide the
information necessary to ensure the continued airworthiness of the modified product.
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CHAPTER 6
EXPORT AIRWORTHINESS APPROVALS
(1)
This Subpart prescribes detailed instruction for the issue of export airworthiness
approvals.
(2)
For the purpose of this subpart

(a) A class I product is a complete aircraft, aircraft engine, or propeller;
(b) A class II product is a major component of a class I product (e.g., wings, fuselages,
stabilizer assemblies, control surface, the failure of which would jeopardise the
safety of a Class I product; or any part, material, or appliance.
(c) A class III product is any part or component which is not a class I or class II
product and includes standard parts.
The CAA may issue an export airworthiness approval to a class I product registered in THE
STATE or a class II or III product fitted on an aircraft registered in THE STATE when
following requirements are satisfied.
HB.06.03 Form of the Export airworthiness approvals
An export airworthiness approval for
(a) a Class I product, shall be issued in the form of an export certificate of
airworthiness; and
(b) a Class II or a Class III product, shall be issued in the form of an export
airworthiness approval tag.
HB.06.04 Application for an export airworthiness approval
The CAA should accept an application for the issuing of an export airworthiness approval for
a Class I, a Class II or a Class III product, when:
(a) completed and submitted to the Authority in the appropriate form as prescribed in
Annex G; and
(b) it includes, in the case of an application for the issuing of an export airworthiness
approval for a Class I product
(c) a statement of conformity to the TC standard of each aircraft.
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(d) for an aircraft, the weight and balance report

(e) evidence of compliance with the appropriate airworthiness directives issued in
terms of regulation HB.03.04, including suitable notation of those directives when
these ADs are not complied with;
(f) the aircraft flight manual for the particular aircraft;
(g) the historical records such as aircraft and engine log books, repair and modification
records, as necessary to establish the production, modification and maintenance
standard of the aircraft or the product,
(h) a statement as to the date on which ownership would be transferred to a foreign
purchaser; and
(i) the data required by the special requirements of the authority of the importing
State; when those are documented.
HB.06.05 Issuing of export airworthiness approval
(1)
An application in terms of regulation HB.06.04 shall be granted and an export

certificate of airworthiness for a Class I product issued if
(a) the aircraft conforms to the Type Design acceptable to the importing country,
(b) the C of A of the aircraft delivered by the CAA is valid,
(c) the aircraft meets the additional requirements for import when the importing country
has got them published
(d) all documents required by HB 06.04 have been submitted.
(2)
The aircraft needs not meet the requirements of the paragraph (c) here-above if the
importing country has stated that it accepts the aircraft.
(3)
An export approval tag should be delivered to products of class II and III when
evidence has been provided that such product meets the standard of maintenance.
HB.06.06 Export airworthiness approval form

(1)
An export certificate of airworthiness referred to in regulation HB.06.05(1) shall be

issued on the appropriate form as prescribed in Annex H. of ANR Part III
(2)
An export airworthiness approval tag referred to in regulation HB.06.05(3) shall be

issued on the appropriate form as prescribed in Annex J of ANR Part III.
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HB.06.07 Duties of holder of export airworthiness approval

The holder of an export airworthiness approval shall
(a) forward to the appropriate authority of the importing State all documents and
information which may be necessary for the safe operation of the product being
exported; e.g. Flight manual, Maintenance Manual, SB and CRM,
(b) request cancellation from the THE STATE registration; and removal of the national
registration marks.
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CHAPTER 7
APPROVAL OF A MAINTENANCE PROGRAMME
Detailed guidance for the approval of a maintenance programme.
HB 07.01 General
The approval of a Maintenance programme is a key element prior to granting an Air Operator
Certificate to an operator.
(a) An operator must ensure that the aeroplane is maintained in accordance with the
operator's aeroplane maintenance programme. The programme must contain
details, including frequency, of all maintenance required to be carried out. The
programme will be required to include a reliability programme when the Authority
determines that such a reliability programme is necessary.
(b) The aeroplane maintenance programme should be managed and presented by the
operator to the Authority.
(c) The operator's aeroplane maintenance programme should contain a preface which
will define the maintenance programme contents, the inspection standards to be
applied, permitted variations to task frequencies and, where applicable, any
procedure to escalate established check/inspection intervals
HB 07.02 Detailed guidance on the content

The inspector of the CAA should ensure that the following data are included in the
maintenance programme prior to approval.
1.1 The type/model and registration number of the aeroplane, engines and,
where applicable, auxiliary power units and propellers.
1.2 The name and address of the operator.
1.3 The operator's reference identification of the programme document; the date
of issue and issue number.
1.4 A statement signed by the operator to the effect that the specified
aeroplanes will be maintained to the programme and that the programme will be
reviewed and updated as required by paragraph 5.
1.5 Contents/list of effective pages of the document.
1.6 Check periods which reflect the anticipated utilisation of the aeroplane. Such
utilisation should be stated and include a tolerance of not more than 25%. Where
utilisation cannot be anticipated, calendar time limits should also be included.
1.7 Procedures for the escalation of established check periods, where applicable
and acceptable to the Authority.
1.8
Provision to record date and reference to approved amendments
incorporated in the programme.
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1.9
Details of pre-flight maintenance tasks which are accomplished by
maintenance staff and not included in the Operations Manual for action by flight
crew.
1.10 The tasks and the periods (intervals/frequencies) at which each part of the
aeroplane, engines, APU's, propellers, components, accessories, equipment,
instruments, electrical and radio apparatus, and associated systems and
installations should be inspected, together with the type and degree of inspection.
1.11 The periods at which items as appropriate, should be checked, cleaned,
lubricated, replenished, adjusted and tested.
1.12 Details of specific structural inspections or sampling programmes.
1.13 Details of the corrosion control programme, when applicable.
1.14 The periods and procedures for the collection of engine health monitoring
data.
1.15 The periods at which overhauls and/or replacements by new or overhauled
parts should be made.
1.16 A cross-reference to other documents approved by the Authority which
contain the details of maintenance tasks related to mandatory life limitations,
Certification Maintenance Requirements (CMR's) and Airworthiness Directives
(AD's).
Note: To prevent inadvertent variations to such tasks or intervals these items
should not be included in the main portion of the maintenance programme
document, or any planning control system, without specific identification of their
mandatory status.
1.17 Details of, or cross-reference to, any required Reliability Programme or
statistical methods of continuous Surveillance.
1.18 A statement that practices and procedures to satisfy the Programme should
be to the standards specified in the Type Certificate Holder's Maintenance
Instructions.[ When practices and procedures are included in a customised
Operator's Maintenance Manual approved by the Authority, the statement should
refer to this Manual.]
1.19 Each maintenance task quoted should be defined in a definition section of
the Programme.
HB 07.03 Programme basis
(1)
Operator's Aeroplane Maintenance programmes should normally be based upon the

Maintenance Review Board Report, where available, and the Type Certificate holder's
Maintenance Planning Document or Chapter 5 of the Maintenance Manual, (i.e. the
Manufacturer's recommended Maintenance Programme). The structure and format of
these maintenance recommendations may be re-written by the operator to better suit
his operation and control of the particular maintenance programme.
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(2)
For a newly type-certificated aeroplane, where no previously approved Maintenance

Programme exists, it will be necessary for the operator to comprehensively appraise
the manufacturer's recommendations (and the MRB Report where applicable), together
with other airworthiness information, in order to produce a realistic Programme for
approval.
(3)
For existing aeroplane types it is permissible for the operator to make comparisons with
maintenance programmes previously approved. It should not be assumed that a
Programme approved for another operator will automatically be approved for the
operator. Evaluation is to be made of aircraft/fleet utilisation, landing rate, equipment fit
and, in particular, the experience of the maintenance organisation must be assessed.
HB 07.04 Amendments
Amendments (revisions) to the approved Programme should be raised by the operator, to
reflect changes in the type certificate holder's recommendations, modifications, service
experience, or as required by the Authority. Reliability programmes form one important
method of updating approved programmes.
HB 07.05 Permitted variations to maintenance periods
The Operator may only vary the periods prescribed by the Programme with the approval of
the Authority.
HB 07.06 Periodic review of maintenance programme contents

(1)
Operator's approved aeroplane Maintenance Programmes should be subject to

periodic review to ensure that they reflect current Type Certificate holder's
recommendations, revisions to the Maintenance Review Board Report, mandatory
requirements and maintenance needs of the aircraft.
(2)
The Operator should review the detailed requirements at least annually for continued
validity in the light of operating experience.
HB 07.07 Base of document

Where an operator wishes to use an aeroplane with the initial operator's aeroplane
maintenance programme based upon the Maintenance Review Board Report (MRBR)
process, any associated programme for the continuous surveillance of the reliability, or
health monitoring of the aeroplane should be considered as part of the aeroplane
maintenance programme.
Where an aeroplane type has been subjected to the MRBR process, an operator should
normally develop the initial operator's aeroplane maintenance programme based upon the
MRBR.
The documentation supporting the development of operator's aeroplane maintenance
programmes for aeroplane types subjected to the MRBR process should contain
identification cross reference to the MRBR tasks such that it is always possible to relate such
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tasks to the current approved operator's aeroplane maintenance programme. This does not
prevent the approved operator's aeroplane maintenance programme from being developed in
the light of service experience to beyond the MRBR recommendations but will show the
relationship to such recommendations.
Reliability programme:
1- Some approved operator's aeroplane maintenance programmes, not developed from the
MRB Process, utilise reliability programmes. Such reliability programmes should be
considered as a part of the approved maintenance programme.
2- Reliability programmes should be developed for aeroplane maintenance programmes
based upon MSG logic or those that include condition monitored components or that do not
contain overhaul time periods for all significant system components.
3- Reliability programmes need not be developed for aeroplane maintenance programmes of
aeroplanes of 5700 kg and below or that do contain overhaul time periods for all significant
system components.
4- The purpose of a reliability programme is to ensure that the aeroplane maintenance
programme tasks are effective and their periodicity is adequate. It therefore follows that the
actions resulting from the reliability programme may be not only to escalate or delete
maintenance task, but also to de-escalate or add maintenance tasks, as necessary.
5- A reliability programme provides an appropriate means of monitoring the effectiveness of
the maintenance programme. ]
HB.07.08 Issuing of programme approval

The Authority may approve a maintenance programme if
- the applicant has complied with HB.07.05
- the applicant has shown that: the content of the programme complies with HB.05.06;
- The approval should be inserted in the original manual with stamp/signature and date
HB.07.09 Record keeping
For each programme, a complete copy of the manual shall be held by the applicant at the
disposal of the Authority and shall be retained in order to provide the information necessary
to ensure the continued airworthiness of the product.
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CHAPTER 8
APPROVAL OF AN OPERATOR MAINTENANCE SYSTEM
HB 08.01 Applicability
The CAA should carry audits of operators on a regular basis in order to ensure that the
operators ensure properly their responsibilities in terms of continuous airworthiness. This is a
condition for the renewal of their AOC authorization.
(1)
Prior to the initial issue and renewal of their AOC, the following should be reviewed by
the CAA:
(a) the MME (refer to HB 09)
(b) the maintenance programme (refer to HB 07)
(c) the Technicallog book
(d) the maintenance contract with a ANR PART V approved organization
(e) the description of the fleet.
(2)
The CAA may provide an approval to the maintenance system of an applicant when the
documentation provided meets the requirements of this Subpart, in conjunction with an
appropriate ANR PART V approved maintenance organisation's exposition
HB 08.02 Arrangements at the application

The applicant should inform the Authority where base and scheduled line maintenance is to
take place and give details of any contracted maintenance
At the time of application, the CAA should ensure that the applicant has informed the CAA of
any arrangements for all base and scheduled line maintenance in place for an appropriate
period of time. The operator should establish further arrangements in due course before the
maintenance is due.
Base maintenance contracts for high-life time checks may be based on one time contracts,
when the Authority considers that this is compatible with the operator's fleet size.
The Authority will have to conduct its investigation into the application, to assess the volume
of maintenance work necessary and the locations at which it will be accomplished.
HB 08.03 Maintenance responsibility
The assessment by the CAA for granting an approval of the maintenance system should go
through the check that the following responsibilities are duly understood and ensured by the
operator:
It should be clear that the operator ensures the airworthiness of the aeroplane and the
serviceability of both operational and emergency equipment by :
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(1)
a correct pre-flight inspection of the aircraft. The CAA should check that the procedure
for carrying a pre-flight inspection is made properly as follows:
(a) A walk-around type inspection of the aeroplane and its emergency equipment for
condition including, in particular, any obvious signs of wear, damage or leakage. In
addition, the presence of all required
emergency equipment should be
established.
(b) Inspection of the Technical log to ensure that the intended flight is not adversely
affected by any outstanding deferred defects and that no required maintenance
action shown in the maintenance statement is overdue or will become due during
the flight.
(c) That consumable fluids, gases etc. uplifted prior to flight are of the correct
specification, free from contamination, and correctly recorded.
(d) That all doors are securely fastened.
(e) Control surface and landing gear locks, pitot/static covers, restraint devices and
engine/aperture blanks have been removed.
(f) That all the aeroplane's external surfaces and engines are free from ice, snow,
sand, dust etc.
(2)
The rectification to an approved standard of any defect and damage affecting safe
operation, taking into account the minimum equipment list and configuration deviation
list if available for the aeroplane type,
(3)
The accomplishment of all maintenance in accordance with the approved operator's

aeroplane maintenance programme
(4)
The analysis of the effectiveness of the operator's approved aeroplane maintenance

programme ;
(5)
The accomplishment of any operational directive, airworthiness directive and any other
continued airworthiness requirement made mandatory by the Authority of Design and
by the CAA; and
(6)
The accomplishment of modifications in accordance with an approved standard and,

for non-mandatory modifications, the establishment of an embodiment policy.
(7)
An operator shall ensure that the Certificate of Airworthiness for each aeroplane
operated remains valid in respect of:
(a) The requirements in sub-paragraph (a) above;
(b) Any calendar expiry date specified in the Certificate; and
(c) Any other maintenance condition specified in the Certificate.
HB 08.04 Maintenance management
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The CAA should evaluate the arrangement between an operator and maintenance
organization.
The purpose of this paragraph is to authorise a primary maintenance arrangement with an
organisation which is not a ANR PART V approved Maintenance Organisation, when it
proves that such an arrangement is in the interest of the Operator by simplifying the
management of its maintenance, and the Operator keeps an appropriate control of it. Such
an arrangement should not exclude the possibility of the Operator from ensuring that all
maintenance is performed by a ANR PART V approved organisation and complying with the
ANR PART IV.04 (MAINTENANCE RESPONSIBILTY) maintenance responsibility
requirements. Typical examples of such arrangements follow:
- Component maintenance :
The Operator may find it more appropriate to have a primary contractor, that would despatch
the components to appropriately approved organisations, rather than himself sending
different types of components to various ANR PART V approved/accepted maintenance
organisations. The benefit for the operator is that the management of maintenance is
simplified by having a single contact point for component maintenance. The Operator
remains responsible for ensuring that all maintenance is performed by ANR PART V
approved/accepted Organisations and in accordance with the approved standard.
- Aeroplane, engine and component maintenance :
The operator may wish to have a maintenance contract with another non ANR PART V
approved JAR-OPS operator of the same type of aeroplane. A typical case is that of a dryleased aeroplane between Operators, where the parties, for consistency or continuity
reasons (especially for short term lease agreements), find it appropriate to keep the
aeroplane under the current maintenance arrangement. Where this arrangement involves
various ANR PART V approved contractors, it might be more manageable for the lessee
Operator to have a single contract with the lessor Operator. Such an arrangement should not
be understood as a transfer of responsibility to the lessor Operator: the lessee Operator,
being the ANR PART IV.04 (MAINTENANCE RESPONSIBILTY) approved Operator of the
aeroplane, remains responsible for the maintenance of the aeroplane in performing the ANR
PART IV.04 (MAINTENANCE RESPONSIBILTY) functions, and employing the Maintenance
Management Group of Persons.
HB 08.05 Issuing of approval

The approval of the Maintenance system is made through the approval by the CAA of the
MME as detailed in HB 09.
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CHAPTER 9
APPROVAL OF AN MME
Maintenance Management Exposition
In order to get an AOC, an operator shall need to have the MME exposition approved.
HB 09.02 Eligibility
There are three alternative options for an operator to ensure the maintenance of the aircraft:
(a) An operator to be approved in accordance with ANR PART V Subpart A to carry
out all maintenance of the aeroplane and aeroplane components;
(b) An operator to be approved in accordance with ANR PART V Subpart A to carry
out some of the maintenance of the aeroplane and aeroplane components. This, at
minimum, could be limited to line maintenance but may be considerably more but
still short of option (a);
(c) An operator not approved in accordance with ANR PART V subpart A to carry out
any maintenance. Then the operator should show evidence that he has agreed
arrangements with a ANR PART V approved organization to ensure the
maintenance and release of the aircraft.
An operator may apply for any one of these options but it will be for the Authority to
determine which option may be accepted in each particular case.
Approval of such option is maid through the approval of the MME document.
HB 09.03 Purpose of the MME
The purpose of the MME is to set forth the procedures, means and methods of the operator.
Compliance with its contents will assure compliance with ANR PART IV.04 (MAINTENANCE
RESPONSIBILTY) subpart A requirements, which in conjunction with an appropriate ANR
PART V subpart A Approved Maintenance Organisation Exposition, is a pre-requisite for
obtaining an acceptance of the operator's maintenance system by the Authority
HB 09.04 Application
The application for approval of an MME is made through the issuance of such document
being submitted to the CAA accompanied with a formal letter of application.
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HB 09.05 Requirements
1 Where an operator is appropriately approved as a ANR PART V subpart A Approved
Maintenance Organisation the MOE Exposition of the maintenance organisation may form
the basis of the Operator's MME Exposition in a combined document as follows:
Part 1 General Organization
Part 2 Maintenance procedures
Part L2 Complementary line maintenance procedures
Part 3 Quality system. These procedures should also include the quality procedures required
by ANR PART IV.04 (MAINTENANCE RESPONSIBILTY).
Part 4 Operators under contract
Part 5 Appendices (sample of documents)
Additional parts should be introduced covering the following:
Part 6 JAR-OPS Maintenance Procedures
2 Where an operator is not approved in accordance with ANR PART V but has a
maintenance contract with an Approved Maintenance Organisation, the MME should
comprise:
Part 0 General organization
Part 1 Operating procedures
Part 2 Quality system
Part 3 Contracted Maintenance
Personnel are expected to be familiar with those parts of the Exposition that are relevant to
the maintenance and airworthiness co-ordination work they carry out.
The operator will need to specify in the Exposition who should amend the document,
particularly where there are several parts.
The person responsible for the management of the Quality System should be responsible for
monitoring and amending the Exposition unless otherwise agreed by the Authority, including
associated procedures manuals, and the submission of proposed amendments to the
Authority for approval. The Authority may agree a procedure, which will be stated in the
amendment control section of the Exposition, defining the class of amendments which can
be incorporated without the prior consent of the Authority.
The operator may use Electronic Data Processing (EDP) for publication of the maintenance
management exposition. The maintenance management exposition should be made
available to the Authority in a form acceptable to the Authority. Attention should be paid to
the compatibility of EDP publication systems with the necessary dissemination of the
maintenance management exposition, both internally and externally.
Part 0 "General Organisation" of the Maintenance Management Exposition should include a
corporate commitment by the operator, signed by the Accountable Manager confirming that
the Maintenance
Management Exposition and any associated manuals define the
organisation compliance with ANR PART IV.04 (MAINTENANCE RESPONSIBILTY) subpart
A and will be complied with at all times.
The accountable manager's exposition statement should embrace the intent of the following
paragraph and in fact this statement may be used without amendment. Any modification to
the statement should not alter the intent:
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This exposition defines the organisation and procedures upon which the Authority approval
under ANR PART IV.04 (MAINTENANCE RESPONSIBILTY) subpart A is based.
These procedures are approved by the undersigned and must be complied with, as
applicable, in order to ensure that all maintenance of .....(quote Operator's name)...... fleet of
aircraft is carried out on time to an approved standard.
It is accepted that these procedures do not override the necessity of complying with any new
or amended regulation published by the Authority from time to time where these new or
amended regulations are in conflict with these procedures .
It is understood that the Authority will approve this organisation whilst the Authority is
satisfied that the procedures are being followed and the work standard maintained. It is
understood that the Authority reserves the right to suspend, vary or revoke the JAR-OPS
Subpart M maintenance system approval of the organisation, as applicable, if the Authority*
has evidence that the procedures are not followed and the standards not upheld.
It is further understood that suspension or revocation of the approval of the maintenance
system would invalidate the AOC.
Whenever the accountable manager is changed it is important to ensure that the new
accountable manager signs the para 9. statement at the earliest opportunity as part of the
acceptance by the JAA-NAA.
Failure to carry out this action invalidates the JAR-OPS M approval.]
HB 09.06 Issuing of approval

The grant of the approval of the MME shall be notified by the Authority to the operator by a
mail.
HB 09.07 Record keeping
An example of an approved MME shall be retained by the Authority.
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CHAPTER 10
APPROVAL OF AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE ORGANISATION
This procedure applies to the initial issuance, and renewal of the approval of a maintenance
organization, in accordance with ANR PART V (Public Transport maintenance organization)
or subpart VI (General Aviation Maintenance Organization).
The audit of the organization is made in reference to the MOE or to the MME, therefore the
audit can take place when the MOE/MME has been notified to the applicant as being
approved.
HB 10.02 Requirements
The application of this procedure needs the inspector to have training and practice on ANR
PART V and auditing process, in order to get a good knowledge for the auditing of a
maintenance organisation against the ANR PART V subpart A or B requirements.
HB 10.03 Auditing the organization

The audit of an organisation can be made with the help of the Form 6, attached to this
document as an example.
HB 10.04 Reporting
A first reporting should be made verbally to the organisation at the end of the audit.
This reporting should sum-up all the remarks and deviations noticed during the audit and
submitted to the auditee during the visit. The audited. organisation should accept these
deviations, and no conflict should be initiated at this stage. A written acceptance would be
preferable. This implies to be able to provide at the end of the audit a preliminary written
report.
On a second stage, a written report should be sent to the organisation, confirming the
content of the verbal report. No written remark or deviation shall be added if not submitted,
and accepted by the organisation.
The form 6 includes a part XX which provides provision for insertion of any remarks and
deviation noticed during an audit.
The organisation audited should be submitted this report within 15 days maximum after the
end of the audit.
HB 10.05 Record keeping
The CAA should keep records of all reports during a reasonable time of at least 5 years.
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CHAPTER 11
EVALUATE SHORT TERM (TBO / Life limits) ESCALATION PROCEDURES
HB.11.01 Objective.
This chapter provides guidance for approving short term (TBO/Limited Life) escalation
procedures based on operations specifications.
HB 11.02 General
Time limitations are maintenance intervals established by the provisions of an approved
reliability program or by an operator-established maintenance monitoring program. They are
based on continuing analysis and surveillance of a fleet's operating performance. Since
operators try to avoid delays due to units being operated to the point of failure, the time
limitations used are a conservative average. An operator may therefore need to adjust these
intervals for an individual component, engine, or aircraft.
(1)
Use of a Short term Escalation

(a) Under controlled conditions, an operator may use a short term escalation for an
individual component, engine, or aircraft without affecting safety. These procedures
require close monitoring to ensure that they do not conceal unsound maintenance
practices, maintenance program deficiencies, or poor management decisions.
(b) Short term escalations for operators not under a reliability program must be
approved by the CAA on operations specifications.
(c) Operators do not require prior approval before using an escalation. The operator
must, however, inform the Certificate Holding Office of an escalation as soon as
possible after the escalation is put into effect.
(d) A short term escalation should only be used after carefully analyzing the history of
the aircraft and its components. A review of the proposed escalation should include:
(i) Previous inspections results.
(ii) Supplemental/additional inspections that may be needed to ensure continued
airworthiness during the escalation.
(iii) Items not covered by the escalation. The escalation must not cause these items
to exceed their maintenance intervals.
(e) Maximum short term escalation intervals may be a percentage of an existing
interval for a particular inspection, or may be designated in hours of service, in
cycles, or in other increments. Except under certain conditions, maximum time for
an escalation is 500 hours time in service or its equivalent.
(2)
Extension of Short Term Escalation.

The 500-hour maximum time limit for an escalation is usually sufficient for an operator
to position and/or repair the affected item. Occasionally, an operator cannot effectively
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accomplish the task within this time limit. After an in-depth review of this situation, an
individual item may be extended beyond the 500-hour limit. In order to do this, an
operator must submit justification to the Principal Airworthiness Inspector prior to
approval. This extension remains in effect for a prescribed time limit unless the
component or inspection is accomplished prior to the time limit.
HB 11.03 Procedures
(1)
Review the Applicant's Short Term Escalation Procedures.

The inspector must ensure that the procedures accomplish the following:
(a) List the operator's management personnel with escalation approval authority.
These personnel must have at least the equivalent authority for approving:
(i) An operations specifications time increase
(ii) A maintenance interval adjustment controlled by a reliability program
(b) Define the maximum limitations for a short term escalation
(c) Contain criteria that defines the type of data acceptable for justifying a short term
escalation
(d) Correspond with the overall maintenance program. The procedures must ensure
that an escalation will not create an unsafe condition.
(e) Restrict the occurrence of repetitive short term escalations that indicate a need for
a change in the maintenance program
(f) Provide a method for recording all escalations, with provisions for
submitting/reporting each request/use of an escalation to the Certificate Holding
Office (CHO)
(2)
TASK OUTCOMES
(3)
File Transmittal Form
(4)
Completion of this task will result in one of the following:

(i) A letter to the operator indicating disapproval of the short term escalation
authorization
(ii) An amendment to the operator's operation specifications, if applicable,
approving short term escalation authorization
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CHAPTER 12
EVALUATE FOREIGN REGISTERED AIRCRAFT OPERATED IN THE STATE
HB 12.01 General
A THE STATE air carrier may operate a foreign registered civil aircraft in Public
Transportation or for carriage of mail. An aircraft must be leased or chartered without crew.
The country of aircraft registry must be a member country of the convention of the
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).
HB 12.02 Foreign airworthiness certificates.

(1)
The airworthiness requirements of foreign countries differ from the requirements in

THE STATE. Aircraft changes may have to be made before an operator from this THE
STATE can use a foreign aircraft. Such changes may invalidate the certificate. In such
cases, an exemption may be required from the foreign airworthiness authority.
(2)
To maintain the validity of the foreign airworthiness certificate, the operator from THE
STATE may have to perform more extensive inspections or tests than those required
by its CAA approved continuous airworthiness maintenance program and/or the Civil
Aviation Regulations.
HB 12.03 Differences and / or exceptions of maintenance tasks.

The following maintenance tasks may be different from the foreign operator's maintenance
program and will be exceptions to the foreign program. These exceptions shall be performed
according to the certificate holder's maintenance program. Examples of differences are as
follows:
(a) Inspection/maintenance of required emergency equipment
(b) Inspection/maintenance of encoding altimeters and transponders.
(c) Inspection/maintenance of fire extinguishers, air and oxygen bottles, and
hydrostatic tests and life limits.
NOTE: These differences and/or exceptions must be evaluated to ensure that the
requirements to keep the foreign certificate of airworthiness current are retained.
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HB 12.04 Procedures.
(1)
Inspect Airworthiness Certificate.

Ensure the certificate was issued by the country of registry and meets the registration and
identification requirements of that country.
(2)
Inspect the Aircraft.
Ensure that:
(a) The aircraft meets requirements for issuance of a THE STATE standard
airworthiness certificate.
(b) The aircraft conforms to its type design approved under this THE STATE type
certificate.
(c) The aircraft complies with applicable maintenance, operating, and equipment rules.
(d) The aircraft complies with the THE STATEese Airworthiness Directives.
(e) The aircraft complies with life-limited parts requirements.
(f) The aircraft complies with the noise, fuel venting, and engine emission
requirements of the Engineering Procedures Manual. Any further noise and/or
emission requirements adopted or amended by the CAA for this THE STATE
registered aircraft shall apply equally to foreign registered aircraft.
(3)
Inspect the Foreign Maintenance Program (If Adopted).

(a) Ensure that the program meets levels of safety equivalent to the certificate holder's
existing program. If the certificate holder does not have a program for the aircraft
listed, the lessor's foreign program must be submitted to the CAA and be justified
as an acceptable initial maintenance program
(4)
Ensure the Certificate Holder Has Filed a Lease or Charter Agreement with the CAA.
This agreement must be sent to the CAA Aircraft Registry. It must satisfy the foreign
country's requirements, including any special documentation required by that country to
be carried on the aircraft.
HB 12.05 Tasks
(1)
File Transmittal Form.
(2)
Completion of this task will result in one of the following:

(a) Approval of the operations specifications.
(b) A letter to the operator listing the reasons for rejection.
(3)
Document Task.
File all supporting paperwork in the operator's office file.
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HB 12.06 Aircraft operated under french registery

HB 12.06.01
Applicability
Some aircraft operated in Public Transport by operators located in THE STATE may be
registered in France.
HB 12.06.02
Requirements
When an aircraft is operated in Public Transport by an operator located in THE STATE,

and is registered in France, the Certificate of Airworthiness of such aircraft and its
renewal are subject to the respect in the French law of the documentation Fascicule P
42-40 of the GSAC.
This document states the conditions for issuance and renewal of C of A, and how such
airworthiness oversight should be carried out.
The article 83 bis of ICAO in the case the Authority of Registration finds itself unable to
fulfil its responsibilities adequately provides the possibility of a delegation to the
authority of operator those functions that the State of Registry was entitled to
discharge.
In the case the State of registry is France, the French DGAC faces the task of deciding
of a transfer of authority, or of a Direct oversight.
In any case, the Certificate of Airworthiness remains of the responsibility of the French
DGAC to be renewed.
When the French DGAC has taken the decision that the condition of maintenance of
the aircraft implies that a direct oversight being ensured by themselves, then the
French GSAC is entrusted to verify that the maintenance organisation satisfies the
requirements of JAR 145, for the scope of activity described in its MOE.
This should be achieved when the maintenance organisation satisfies the ANR PART
V of the CAA, which itself is based on the requirements of JAR 145.
HB 10.06.03
Duties of the CAA in the case of a delegation of oversight.
In the case the State of Registry, the French DGAC delegates to the CAA the functions
of the State of registry, then the CAA should be informed of such decision, and then the
following duties should be ensured by the CAA:
(a) the regulation for operating the aircraft stated in the ANR PART IV.04
(MAINTENANCE RESPONSIBILTY) Public Transport applies,
(b) the CAA would be entitled to verify the application of such regulation,
(c) the MME, the procedures for follow-up of airworthiness and the operators
maintenance organisation(s) will have to be accepted by the CAA of THE
STATE.
These would be acceptable to the French DGAC in case of acceptation by the CAA.
HB 10.06.04
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In the case the French DGAC would not delegate to the CAA these functions, then the
French DGAC would entrust the GSAC to carry this Direct oversight. This is called the
Direct Survey.
It will be the responsibility of the owner and the operator to provide enough space to
the French DGAC to carry its own Direct Survey.
This Direct Survey occurs in case of:
- the DGAC did not authorize the delegation of oversight, or
- this proposal has not been accepted by the CAA.
In such a case the French DGAC carries out the complete oversight of the
airworthiness of the aircraft.
This procedure is applicable starting on January 2003:
1. The maintenance of such aircraft shall be carried out by an organisation approved in
compliance of the JAR 145.
The operators shall provide an MME (Maintenance Management Exposition) based on the
requirement of ANR Part V.15 (JAR 145) acceptable to the French DGAC.
2. The follow-up of the airworthiness mentioned in Part IV.04 (JAR OPS1 subpart M) shall
be carried out under the operators responsibility.
In the case such operator is not able to bear this responsibility and to carry out the follow-up
of the airworthiness, then the operator may delegate such responsibility to another JAR OPS
1 approved operator which operates the same model of aircraft, or to a JAR 145 approved
organisation.
Such delegation shall be documented in a maintenance contract.
Refer to the French DGAC fascicule P-42-40 for details of the requirements.
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CHAPTER 13
APPROVAL OF PARTS / POOL PARTS / PARTS BORROWING
HB 13.01 Objective.
This chapter provides guidance in evaluating and approving aircraft parts, an operator parts
pool, and a operator (10 passengers or more) parts borrowing authorization.
HB 13.02 General
(1)
Definitions
(a) Articles: Materials, parts, or appliances.
(b) Operator Manufactured Parts: Parts manufactured and documented by the operator
for use only on that operator's aircraft. The parts must comply with the original type
design and cannot be part of a pool or borrowing agreement.
(c) Parts: Any engine, propeller, component, accessory, material, or hardware used on
an air carrier aircraft.
(d) Parts Manufacturer Approval (PMA): PMA parts are parts produced by
manufacturers other than the type certificate holder. These parts must be identical to
parts covered under a type certificate, and they must be marked as such. CAA
manufacturing inspectors or a manufacturer with parts manufacturer approval
authority may approve these parts for use.
(e) Supplemental Type Certificate (STC): When a major change in type design does
not require a new application for a type certificate, a supplemental type certificate is
issued. Parts manufactured under a supplemental type certificate are approved
under the supplemental type certificate.
(f) Technical Standard Order (TSO): A technical standard order is a minimum
performance standard for specified articles used on civil aircraft, and is issued by
CAA Engineering. These articles may be used on a variety of equipment items.
(g) Type Certificate (TC): As defined by Part III, a type certificate includes the type
design, operating limitations, type certificate data sheet, applicable regulations, and
any other conditions or limitations prescribed by the Director.
(2)
An operator must ensure that all replacement parts meet or exceed original certification
standards. Standard hardware and materials can be used and exchanged without
special procedures. When special requirements must be met, accurate documentation
must be maintained. Purchase, use, and exchange of parts require special procedures
that must be part of the operator's manual, and in certain circumstances, part of the
operator's operations specifications.
Parts pool agreement authorizations.

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These authorizations apply only to Part VIII approved operators operating outside the THE
STATE territory.
(1)
When operating under this authorization, all other provisions of ANR Part VIII remain
applicable. In addition, Part VIII requires surveillance of the foreign facilities and their
procedures to ensure that all work on pooled parts is performed according to the
operator's manuals.
(2)
These authorizations are approved by issuance of operations specifications. The

operations specifications are required only to list those participants (and their locations)
inspected by the operator and acceptable to the CAA.
(a) In instances where several THE STATE certificated operators use a foreign facility,
the CAA does not object to a participating operator accepting another participating
operator's initial or biennial inspection report, provided the operator's manual reflects
the arrangement.
(b) When a THE STATE parts pool participant's operations specifications are amended
to reflect a new participant or location, all THE STATE participants in the pool must
amend their operations specifications to reflect the change.
(c) Part VIII permits deviation allowing the return to service and use of airframe
components, powerplants, appliances, and spare parts there of that have been
maintained, altered, or inspected by persons employed outside the THE STATE who
do not hold THE STATE airman certificates. The operator's operations specifications
authorize this deviation.
(3)
Foreign Facility Inspections

(a) The Airworthiness Division with geographical responsibility for the foreign facility
conducts the parts pool inspection. Foreign facilities that do not have an appropriate
repair station rating should be inspected annually.
(b) The operator must have in its manual procedures to inspect the parts pooling
facilities. The manual also must include procedures to ensure the maintenance of
parts according to the operator's maintenance manuals.
Parts borrowing authorizations

(1)
A certificate holder operating under ANR Part VIII may be issued operations
specifications to allow it to borrow a part with a higher time since overhaul than
authorized, subject to certain conditions and limitations. Since no regulations govern
this activity, the operations specifications must specify that the operator can borrow a
part from another operator when the time in service of the available part exceeds the
operator's approved overhaul time limit. The parts, however, cannot exceed the
lender's approved time limits.
(2)
If the number of landings controls the part's service or overhaul time limit, an operator
may borrow and use a part for a maximum of 100 hours or 50 landings when the time
in service of the part exceeds the borrower's approved time limits. The following
limitations must be met:
(a) The part must have a minimum time of 200 hours or 100 landings (if approved time
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is controlled by landings) remaining before service or overhaul in the lender's

program
(b) If the part is life-limited, the part may not be operated beyond its approved life limit
Parts approval
(1)
Under present regulations, the CAA does not have the authority to prevent the sale or
use of aircraft parts of questionable service ability. Although it is the operator's
responsibility to be aware of the possible consequences of using questionable parts on
certificated aircraft, the inspector should offer guidance to help prevent possible
problems. An operator using a part of unknown quality, condition, or origin must be
able to prove conclusively that such parts conform to the provisions of Part IV.
(2)
The operator is responsible for maintaining parts in a condition that ensures the parts
continue to meet the original type design. Procedures to ensure this proper
maintenance must be part of the operator's manual.
(3)
The CAA has a parts manufacturing approval system in effect that allows the CAA to
control the sale of reproduction parts. Parts manufactured under this system must
display evidence of CAA approval, verifying the origin and serviceability.
(4)
Repair stations or air carriers may not manufacture replacement parts as part of their
maintenance program. These parts are not acceptable.
(5)
Parts, appliances, and components from aircraft that have been involved in accidents
or crashes are available to the industry as replacements. ANR Part IV requires that
serviceability is assured before use.
(6)
Ex-military aircraft now under civilian type certificates create parts problems,
particularly when the original manufacturer has ceased production. Certain parts of
original manufacture are available for a given aircraft for a number of years after its
departure from military status. If original manufacturer fabrication can be substantiated
for such parts, they are acceptable providing they comply with all applicable
airworthiness directives.
(7)
Certain parts for ex-military or currently manufactured aircraft are and have been
scarce. Occasionally, parties other than the original or approved manufacturer produce
these parts illegally and offer them for sale. These illegal parts constitute a hazard to
flight safety.
(8)
Parts manufactured in foreign countries and supplied to THE STATE certificated

operators for use on their aircraft must be imported according to ANR Part III.
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HB 13.03 Procedures
(1)
Review Operator's Manual for Parts Pool Authorization. Ensure the manual includes:
(a) Procedures to ensure qualified personnel of the operator's organization perform an
initial inspection of the involved foreign facilities. This inspection should ensure that
facilities meet the certificate holder's manual requirements, have properly qualified
and trained personnel, and can furnish the parts intended.
(b) Procedures to provide for inspections of the foreign facilities to ensure continued
conformity to the operator's manual in supplying the required parts
(c) Inclusion of, or reference to, the foreign facilities' maintenance programs in the
operator's manual, if applicable
(2)
Inspect the Parts Pool Authorization Facility.
(3)
Review Operator's Manual For Parts Borrowing Authorization Procedures

(a) Ensure the manual includes the following procedures:
(i)
rocedures that restrict the overhaul time limits to those authorized by operations
specifications
(ii) Procedures that restrict a remaining minimum time to overhaul to that

authorized by operations specifications
(b) Ensure the operator has an approved list of authorized vendors, repair stations,
and air carriers from which it may borrow parts.
(4)
Analyze Results. Advise the operator of any deficiencies discovered during the
inspection. Schedule a meeting with the operator to discuss and/or resolve the problem
area(s).
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CHAPTER 14
PRORATED TIME AUTHORIZATIONS
HB 14.01 Objective.
This chapter provides guidance in determining the prorated time for an item.
HB 14.02 General
(1)
Proration is a procedure to determine the time consumed under one maintenance

system and to establish the remaining time under a new system.
(2)
Operators often sell or lease their equipment to other operators. This "used" equipment
will have accumulated a certain amount of time in service. This time is transferred to
the new operator and may be phased in or prorated to the new operator's approved
time limitations.
(3)
When an operator's approved time limitations are not the same as those of the
previous operator(s), the buyer has two options: direct inclusion or proration.
(a) When the operator chooses direct inclusion, the difference between the operator's
approved time limit and the previous operator's actual time will determine the time
limitation.
(b) When the previous operator's approved time limitations are different than that of the
current operator, proration may be used to adjust the time limitations.
(4)
Scope and Limitations

(a) Proration in no way lessens an operator's responsibility to maintain the aircraft in an
airworthy condition.
(b) Proration is optional.
(c) Life-limited components may not be prorated.
(d) Proration may not be applied to times specified in Airworthiness Directives.
(e) Operators who have been operating equipment under Part VIII may use proration.
(f) Both adjusted and actual times must be shown on the proration document and the
aircraft records.
(g) When an item is inspected or overhauled as appropriate, the applicable prorated
time limits will be canceled. Thereafter, the item will be handled according to the
operator's approved program.
(h) Partial proration is not acceptable. An operator electing proration must prorate the
airframe and all of its installed powerplants, propellers, and appliances. Spare
engines and propellers acquired at the time of sale or at a later date with "time in
service" may be prorated.
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(i) If an increase in a time limitation is approved for a certificate holder operating on

prorated times, that increase will be credited to the prorated item(s).
(j) Amendments to a certificate holder's operations specifications that increase time
limits are applicable to all aircraft of the same type and model operated by a carrier.
Such time increases apply to aircraft operating on a prorated time basis, as well as
to the other aircraft in the fleet.
HB 14.03 Data computation
(1)
Prorated time remaining can be determined by using the following mathematical

procedures:
(a) Divide the actual time used by the previous operator's approved time limit under
which the aircraft has been operated. The result, carried to three places, will
represent the percentage of approved time already used.
(b) Multiply the new operator's time limit by the percentage of time used. This will result
in the prorated time to be used under the new program.
(c) Subtract the prorated time from the time limit approved in the new program. The
result will represent the number of hours remaining under the new program. (See
Figure 88-1.)
(2)
Block/Pattern Time Limitation

(a) When block/pattern time is to be prorated, each block/pattern shall be treated as
though a complete aircraft were being prorated.
(b) When the previous operator used a block/pattern system, a document must be
submitted showing the following:
(i)
Time limitation for each block or pattern, together with a list of items that are
part of the block or pattern
(ii) Time since accomplishment for each individual item on the aircraft
(3)
Receive Data from Applicant. The operator must submit required information to the
district office in which the operator's principle base of operation is located.
1. The operator must submit all operations specifications containing the time limits
utilized for the particular aircraft by the previous operator.
(a)
If the operations specifications do not show hours, the operator must submit
other documentation that will establish the time limits.
(b)
If conversion to hours is necessary, the computations used for the conversion

should be included.
2. The operator must provide operations specifications pertinent to the particular

aircraft.
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3. The operator must submit documents itemizing the following:

(i)
Engines, propellers, and appliances that have different time limitations than the
previous operator and are to be prorated. These will be listed by Air
Transportation Association chapter numbering system, showing the name, part
number, serial number, and position.
(ii) The approved time under which the aircraft has been operated
(iii) The actual time since last accomplishment
(iv) Percent of time used by previous operator
(v) The approved time limitation for the new operator
4. When the previous operator used a block/pattern system, a document must be
submitted showing the following:
(i)
Time limitation for each block or pattern, together with a list of items that are
part of the block or pattern
(ii) Time since accomplishment for each individual item on the aircraft
(4)
Determine That the Aircraft and/or Components Are Eligible for Proration
(5)
Check the Prorated Time Computation. Times obtained via proration may be rounded
to the nearest 10-hour figure. (See Figure 88-1.)
HB 14.04 Prorata formula demonstration

The example below demonstrates the simple steps involved in determining a buyer's time
remaining to overhaul.
Known
Previous operator's approved overhaul time limit = 8,000 hours
Previous operator's time since overhaul (TSO) = 2,000 hours
Buyer's approved overhaul time limit = 12,000 hours
Step One
Divide the previous operator's TSO figure by the previous operator's approved overhaul
time limit. Carry this out to three places. The result represents the percentage of approved
overhaul time already used.
2,000 / 8,000 = 0.250
In this example, 25 percent is the result.
Step Two
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Multiply the buyer's approved overhaul time limit figure by the decimal arrived at in Step
One. The result is the prorated TSO to be used by the buyer.
12,000 x 0.250 = 3,000
In this example, 3,000 is the prorated TSO to be used by the buyer.
Step Three
Subtract the prorated TSO arrived at in Step Two from the buyer's approved overhaul time
limit. The resulting figure will be the number of hours remaining to overhaul for the buyer.
12,000 - 3,000 = 9,000
In this example, the buyer's prorated time remaining to overhaul is 9,000 hours.
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CHAPTER 15
EVALUATE OPERATORS MAINTENANCE PROGRAMME
HB 15.01 Objective.
This chapter provides guidance to the operator/applicant for creating, preserving, and
retrieving the maintenance records required by the Aviation Regulations of THE STATE and
ensures that these procedures are being followed.
HB 15.02 General
(1)
Definitions
(a) Life-limited Part: A part that has an established safe life limit established by CAA
Engineering and the Manufacturer. The part must be removed from service at its
specified time or cycles in service. Life limits are always listed or referenced on the
type certificate data sheets and can be adjusted only by CAA engineering.
(b) Approved Data: Drawings, methods, techniques, and materials used to
accomplish major repair or alterations that are approved by the CAA Director
(Airworthiness Inspectors, CAA Engineering and Manufacturing, or Designated
Engineering Representatives (DERs).
(2)
To comply with the maintenance recording requirements of the documents used by the
operator/applicant.
(3)
ANR Part VIII.04 Operator has maintenance record keeping requirements for the
following:
(a) Airworthiness Directives (ADs). ANR Part VIII.04 requires the current status of
applicable Airworthiness Directives (ADs), including the date and method of
compliance, recurring AD actions, and the time and date when the next action is
required.
(b) Total Time in Service. ANR Part VIII.04 has requirements to maintain total time in
service records for airframe, engines, propellers, and rotors.
(4)
The manual should contain procedures for the record keeping system. The procedures
should address the following requirements of the regulations:
(a) Total Time in Service. This record may consist of aircraft maintenance record
pages, separate cards or pages, a computer list, or other methods described in the
operator/applicant's manual
(b) Status of Life-limited Parts. Life-limited parts, e.g., components of the airframe,
engine, propellers, rotors, and appliances, are identified to be removed from service
when a specific time limit or number of cycles has been reached
(i)
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The current status of the part is a record indicating the operating time limits,
total number of hours or accumulated cycles, and the number of hours or cycles
remaining before the required retirement time of the component is reached. This
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record also must include any modification of the part in accordance with ADs,
service bulletins, or product improvements by the manufacturer or
operator/applicant.
(ii) The following are not considered a current status record:
Work Manuals
Maintenance installation records
Purchase requests
Sales receipts
Manufacturers documentation of original certification
Other historical data
(iii) Whenever the current status of life-limited parts records cannot be established
or has not been maintained (e.g., a break in current status) and the historical
records are not available, the airworthiness of that product cannot be
determined and it must be removed from service.
(iv) Serious problems have surfaced during national inspections and routine
inspections when the current status of the life-limited parts record was not
complete and there was no historical record to reestablish the current status.
(c) Overhaul List. The operator/applicant is required to develop manual procedures
complying with ANR Part VIII.04 for recording the time since the last overhaul of all
items installed on the aircraft required to be overhauled on a specified time basis.
The items requiring overhaul are listed either in operations specifications or in a
document referenced in the operations specifications.
(i)
The overhaul list includes the actual time or cycles in service since the last
overhaul of all items installed on the aircraft. If continuity cannot be established
between overhaul periods, the last overhaul records must be reviewed to
reestablish currency of the overhaul
(ii)
The overhaul list refers to the time since last overhaul of an item and must
not be confused with an overhaul record, which requires a description of the
work and identification of the person who performed and/or approved the work.
(d) A record must be made whenever an item of aircraft equipment is overhauled. This
overhaul record must describe the work performed. The inspector must be
cautioned that a return to service tag does not constitute an overhaul record. If a tag
is used for approval for return to service, it must reference the overhaul. The
operator/applicant must have this record or be able to make it available to the
Director. The overhaul records shall be retained until the work is superseded by
work of equal scope and detail.
(e) Current Aircraft Inspection Status. The operator/applicant is required to retain a
record identifying the current inspection status of each aircraft.
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(i)
The record must show the time in service since the last inspection required by
the inspection program under which the aircraft and its appliances are
maintained.
(ii) Inspection work packages or routine and non-routine items generated while
performing any part of the inspection program must be retained for one year
after the work is performed or until the work is repeated or superseded by other
work.
(f) Current AD Status. The operator/applicant is required by ANR Part VIII.04 to keep
a record showing the current status of applicable ADs, including the method of
compliance. This record must include the following:
(i)
List of ADs applicable to the aircraft

The date and time in service or cycles, as applicable
Method of compliance
The time in service or cycles and/or date when the next action is required
(if it is a recurring AD)
(ii) An acceptable method of compliance may be one of the following:

Reference to a particular portion of the AD
Reference to manufacturer's service bulletin, if the bulletin is referenced in
the AD
Reference to any other document generated by the operator/applicant that
shows compliance with the AD, such as an Engineering Manual or
Engineering Authorization.
(iii) When an Engineering Manual/Engineering Authorization is used, the details
must be retained by the operator/applicant. If the Engineering
Manual/Engineering Authorization also contains the accomplishment
instructions and sign-off, it must be retained indefinitely.
(iv) An operator/applicant may apply for alternate methods of compliance for
accomplishing ADs. Alternate methods of compliance must be approved by the
appropriate CAA Engineering Directorate and apply only to the
operator/applicant making the application. If an aircraft is transferred to another
owner, the alternate method of compliance continues to apply to that aircraft.
(v) The operator/applicant's manual must have procedures to comply with new and
emergency ADs to ensure that the action is completed within the given time
limits. This must include procedures for notifying the responsible individuals to
implement the required action during other than routine duty hours.
(vi) In most cases, the document that contains the current status of ADs and
method of compliance is different from the record of AD accomplishment.
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The document is a permanent, ongoing historical record of all AD

accomplishment and must be retained with the aircraft indefinitely
The record of accomplishment of an AD must be retained until the work is
superseded or repeated or for one year after the work is performed
(vii) Serious problems have surfaced during national and routine inspections when
the applicable AD current status and method of compliance was not complete
and there was no historical record to reestablish them. When current status and
method of AD compliance cannot be determined from the document, the
operator/applicant must verify this compliance.
(g) Major Alteration and Major Repair. ANR Part VIII.04 operator/applicants are
required to retain records of each major alteration to the following:
Airframe
Engine
Propeller
Rotor
Appliance
(i) Major Alterations. Major alterations should be on a list and have the date of
alteration and a brief description of that alteration.
(ii) Major Repairs. ANR Part VIII.04 major repair list should have the date and
brief description of the repair.
(iii) All major repairs and major alterations must be accomplished by using CAA
approved data. Previous inspections have identified lack of approved data to
support major repairs and major alterations.
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HB 15.03 Procdures
(1)
Review Office Files. Review the historical data of the operator's record keeping system.
This includes the history of past inspections, Enforcement Information System (EIS),
and other office files.
(2)
Review the Operator's Maintenance Records. Analyze the operator/applicant's record

keeping system. Determine if the Civil Aviation Regulations record keeping
requirements are met. The Record keeping should provide an acceptable method for
creating, reserving and retrieving required records. All records must contain the
following:
(i)
Description of the work performed (or reference to data acceptable to the

Director)
(ii) The date of completion of the work performed

(iii) The signature and certificate number of the person approving the aircraft for
return to service
(a) Airworthiness Records. Ensure that the records are retained for one year after the
work is performed or until repeated or superseded by other work.
(b) Total Time In Service

(i)
Determine the method of recording total time in service of the airframe, engine,
propeller, and rotor. This record must show the current time in service in hours.
(ii) Determine if this record is retained until the aircraft is sold and is transferred
with the aircraft upon sale.
(c) Status of Life-limited Parts
(i)
Ensure that the operator is tracking the current status of life-limited parts for
each airframe, engine, propeller, rotor, and appliance.
(ii) Determine if this record is retained until the aircraft is sold and is transferred
(d) Time since last overhaul of all items required to be overhauled. This document
must accompany the aircraft when transferred.
(e) Overhaul Records. Ensure that the manual describes how the operator documents
the last complete overhaul of each engine, propeller, and rotor. These records must
be retained until the work is superseded by work of equivalent scope and detail. The
overhaul record may include:
(i)
Disassembly data
(ii) Dimensional check data

(iii) Replacement parts list
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(iv) Repair data

(v) Re-assembly/ test data
(vi) Reference to data including overhaul specifications
(f) Current Aircraft Inspection Status
(i)
Determine how the operator records the time in service since the last
inspection.
(ii) Determine if procedures ensure that this record is retained until the aircraft is
sold and is transferred with the aircraft upon sale.
(g) Airworthiness Directive (AD) Compliance. Determine how the operator complies
with record keeping requirements of the ADs, including emergency ADs. Ensure that
there is a record containing the following items:
(i)
Current Status
A list of all ADs applicable to the aircraft
Date and time of compliance
Time and/or date of next required action (if recurring AD)
(ii) Method of Compliance. This includes either a record of the work performed or
reference to the applicable section of the AD.
(iii) Determine if this record is retained until the aircraft is sold and is transferred
(h) Major Alteration Records. Determine how the operator prepares and maintains a
list of current major alterations to each airframe, engine, propeller, rotor, and
appliance. The list should include:
(i)
Date of alteration
(ii) Brief description of the alteration

(i) Major Repair Records
(i)
Determine how the operator prepares and maintains a list of current major
repairs to each airframe, engine, propeller, rotor, and appliance. The list should
include:
Date of repair
Brief description of the repair
(i)
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Determine if this record is retained until the aircraft is sold and is transferred
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(3)
Inspect the Operator Record System

(a) Identify the documents/forms that are used for ensuring that the following are
accomplished:
(i)
Total time in service
(ii) Status of life-limited parts

(iii) Time since last overhaul document
(iv) Overhaul records
(v) Current aircraft inspection status
(vi) Current status of applicable Ads
(vii) Major alteration and repair records
(b) Inspect the records. During the inspection, document and photocopy any confusing
areas, obvious omissions or apparent discrepancies
(i)
Compare the records with the actual accomplishment of the maintenance.
(ii) Obtain and review the maintenance logs to determine the scheduled
inspections and non-routine maintenance.
(iii) Review maintenance records to ensure that:
Flight discrepancies were entered at the end of each flight
Corrective action was related to the discrepancy
Corrective action and sign-off are entered into the maintenance record
Repetitive discrepancies are handled properly
Deferred maintenance as authorized by the Minimum Equipment List
(MEL) is deferred according to the operator's Minimum Equipment List and
instructions.
(c) Select or obtain work packages for scheduled inspections and ensure that
scheduled inspections are properly signed off.
(i)
Ensure that non-routine items generated were properly signed off.
(ii) Determine if repairs were categorized correctly (major or minor) and if approved
data was used for major repairs.
(d) Compare the actual record of accomplishment with the total time/cycles in service
record for the airframe, engine, propeller and rotor.
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(e) Select and obtain a total time/cycles in service record for a sample number of
aircraft to ensure that cumulative flight times/cycles are added to the record.
(f) Make a spot check of the cumulative total time/cycle in service against the flight
logs to ensure that daily entries correspond to the flight log.
(g) If the operator maintains a handwritten maintenance record for engines, compare
the record entries to the aircraft flight log entries for accuracy and to detect
transposition of flight time/cycles in service, numbers, etc.
(h) Compare the manual procedures for life-limited parts with the actual recording of
the current status of life-limited parts.
(i) Select a random sample of records and ensure that:
(i)
All life-limited parts described on type certificate data sheets or a manual

referenced in the type certificate data sheets are noted.
(ii) Current status of each part is provided, to include:

Total operating hours (including calendar time)/cycles accumulated
Life limit (total service life)
Remaining time/cycles
Modifications
(iii) Ensure that:
Time/cycles limits on the operator list are the same as those on the type
certificate data sheets
Life limits have not been exceeded
(iv) Select a sample of life-limited items that have been installed within the last 12
months and review records to ensure that life-limited time was carried forward
from the previous service record.
(v) If overhauled, ensure that the overhaul record is available.
(vi) Ensure that the life limit of an item has not been changed as a result of the
overhaul.
(j)
Compare the overhaul list with the actual record.
(k) Identify items in the operator maintenance program that have overhaul
requirements, if applicable.
(l) Ensure that all items identified are on the current list.
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(m) Ensure that the overhaul list contains the time/cycles since last overhaul.
(n) Ensure that the items on the list have not exceeded their specified overhaul
time/cycle limits.
(o) Select a random sample of items from the overhaul list to:
(i)
Determine if overhaul records are available for those items selected
(ii) Ensure that the records contain a description of the overhaul, and that the item
was overhauled according to the overhaul specifications by a qualified and
authorized person
(iii) Ensure the component was approved for return to service by an authorized
person
(p) Review the removal/installation records of overhauled components to determine if
the overhaul was accomplished within the authorized time limits. Current regulations
require that these records be maintained for only one year.
(i)
Compare the current aircraft inspection status with the record available.
(ii)
Determine whether daily flight hours/cycles are recorded to obtain the current
inspection status.
(iii) Take a random sample of aircraft inspection records and review the last two "C"
checks (or equivalent) to ensure that scheduled inspections times/cycles were
not exceeded (over-flown).
(q) Compare the compliance with ADs with the current status of AD document
(i)
Contact the operator responsible for AD records and request a random sample
of aircraft AD compliance record.
(ii) Ensure that the document contains all applicable ADs for the sampled aircraft.
(iii) Ensure that the AD requirements were accomplished within the effective times
of the AD, with special emphasis on recurring ADs.
(iv) Ensure that the AD document contains current status and method of
compliance. The current status must include these three items:
A list of all ADs applicable to the aircraft
Date and time of compliance
Time and/or date of next required action (if recurring AD)
(v) Ensure that the list is being retained indefinitely.
(vi) Identify those ADs with alternate methods of compliance, and ensure that the
operator has obtained prior approval for that alternate method.
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(vii) Select from the current AD compliance document a number of ADs

accomplished within the last 12 months and ensure that the appropriate
accomplishment records are available. Review the accomplishment record to
ensure the following:
The method of compliance is as specified in the AD
The date of compliance is identical to the date on the current status list
The mechanic is certified to accomplish the work
The accomplishment was properly signed off
(r) Compare the major alteration and repair records with the actual records.
(i)
Major Alterations
Request a list of all major alterations for a random sample of aircraft
Ensure that the list contains the date of accomplishment and a brief
description of the alteration
Select a random sample of major alterations accomplished within the last
12 months and ensure that the respective maintenance records show that
alterations were accomplished according to approved data
(ii) Major Repairs

Request several records of major repairs
Ensure that the records contain the date of accomplishment and a brief
description of the repair
Select a random sample of major repairs accomplished within the last 12
months and ensure that the respective maintenance records show that
repairs were accomplished according to approved data
When major repairs or alterations are identified and are not recorded,
request the actual maintenance accomplishment record from the
operator/applicant
(4)
Analyze the Inspection Results

(a) Determine the effectiveness of the maintenance record keeping system. Ineffective
record keeping systems may be the result of:
(i)
Inadequate/nonexistent procedures
(ii) Not following manual procedures
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(iii) Ineffective organization

(iv) Lack of qualified personnel
(v) Poor scheduling of AD compliance, overhaul requirements, inspections, etc.
(vi) Improper training
(b) Compile Deficiencies
(i)
Compile all findings that are contrary to the regulations.
(ii) Compile all findings that are in noncompliance with the Civil Aviation
Regulations but are producing satisfactory results.
(c) After compiling all findings and before the operator debriefing, consult with the
appropriate CAA supervisory personnel to determine which (if any) findings require
enforcement actions.
(d) If no findings are made, no further action is required.
(5)
Meet with the Operator

(a) Discuss the following items:
(i)
All discrepancies discovered during the inspection
(ii) Possible corrective action

(iii) Possible enforcement actions
(b) Inform the operator that official written notification of findings may follow.
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CHAPTER 16
INSPECTION OF AIRCRAFT AND EQUIPMENT
HB 16.01 General
The following Job Aids are provided as general guidelines for performing interior and exterior
inspections. These guidelines are to be utilized when time permits and must be adapted to
the type aircraft being inspected. This requires a basic knowledge and familiarity of the type
operation being inspected. These guidelines are not intended to be tasks unto themselves,
but should be used as additional guidance while performing cockpit enroutes, cabin
enroutes, and ramp inspections, as applicable.
HB 16.02 Interior inspection guidelines
(1)
Examine the airworthiness and registration certificates.

(a) Ensure the following:
(i)
Airworthiness and registration certificates are current and valid
(ii) Both certificates contain the same model, serial, and registration numbers
(iii) Temporary registration is current
(iv) Signatures are in permanent-type ink
(2)
Flight Deck Inspection.

Inspect the following:
(a) Instrument security and range markings
(b) Windows (delamination, scratches, crazing, and general visibility)
(c) Emergency equipment
(d) Seal on medical kit (if located on flight deck)
(e) Seat belts and shoulder harnesses (Technical Standard Order marking, metal to
metal latching, and general condition)
(f) Check the following if using cockpit jumpseat:
Jump seat oxygen system - turn regulator on and select 100% oxygen
Interphone system - select Comm 1 and Comm 2 to ensure systems are
working
(g) When the most forward jump seat is in the cabin, coordinate with the crew for
connecting the headset and adapter cables.
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(h) Ensure that the jump seat is serviceable and that seat belt and shoulder harnesses
are available
(3)
Cabin Inspection.
Inspect the cabin to include the following:
(a) Lavatory. Ensure the following:
Fire extinguisher system is installed in sealed trash containers
Smoke detection system is installed
Trash containers are sealed according to applicable Airworthiness
Directive(s)
"No Smoking" placards are posted
Ashtrays are available outside the lavatory
(b) Flight attendant seats.
Pull the jump seat down to ensure seat retracts (those in the path of exits)
Inspect seat belts for Technical Standard Order marking, metal to metal
latching and general condition
(c) Cabin emergency equipment. All equipment requiring periodic inspections should
have an inspection date marked on it. Inspect the following:
Flight attendant flashlight holder
Slide containers, to ensure containers are properly marked for content.
Check pressure of slide inflation bottle if visible.
Medical kit (if not checked on flight deck)
First aid kit
Emergency oxygen (proper pressure and security)
Megaphone(s) (security and general condition)
Fire extinguishers (security, pressure, seal,)
Liferaft storage markings (if raft is required)
Emergency briefing cards (random sample)
General condition of emergency floor path lighting system
Placement of all "Emergency Exit" signs
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Presence and legibility of "Emergency Exit" operation instructions

Placarding for location of all emergency equipment
Life preservers (vests)
(d) Passenger seats. Ensure the following:
Seats adjacent to emergency exits do not block exit path
Seats are secure in seat rack (random sample)
Seat breakover pressure is in accordance with operator's maintenance
program (random sample)
"Fasten Seat Belt During Flight" placards are in view from all seats
Seat belts have metal to metal latches and are in good general condition
(random sample)
(e) Galleys/service centers. Inspect the following:
Trash bin lids for fit
Storage compartment restraints
Stationary cart tiedowns
Lower lobe equipment/restraints
Lift operation
Galley supply stowage
(f) Overhead baggage compartments. Check for weight restriction placards and the
doors for proper latching, when applicable
(4)
Inspect cargo compartment

Cargo compartment fire protection is appropriate for its classification
Cargo liner is free from tears and/or punctures. If these are noted, inspect
structure behind liner for damage, e.g., stringers, circumferentials, etc.
Ensure sealing tape is proper type and in good condition.
Cargo door is free of fluid leaks and structural damage
Fuselage door structure and sill are free of damage
Smoke detectors are in satisfactory condition
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Lighting is operable and protective grills are installed

Cargo flooring is free from structural or other damage
Pallet positions/compartments are placarded for position identification and
weight limitations
(b) Inspect pallet system, if applicable.
Ensure the following:
Ball mats are serviceable, e.g., no broken or missing balls
Forward, aft, and side restraints are serviceable
Roller assemblies are secure and have no missing or broken rollers
(c) Ensure the 9 g forward restraint net is serviceable, if applicable.
(d) Ensure that cargo restraints for bulk loaded cargo are adequate, if applicable.
(e) Inspect cabin-mounted equipment.
(f) Inspect fire extinguishers for inspection due dates and pressure.
(g) Inspect load manifest for Hazardous Material. If present, determine crew
knowledge of the following:
Location and labeling of hazardous materials
Special requirements, if required
If proper paperwork is on board
(h) Ensure captain is aware of the following responsibilities:
Inspection of cargo to ensure proper load distribution
Ensuring loads do not exceed compartment or position limits
Ensuring loads are being properly restrained
HB 16.03 Exterior inspection guidelines

(1)
Accompany a flight crewmember during the exterior inspection, if possible, and inspect
the following, as applicable:
(a) Landing gear and wheel well areas.
Check for the following:
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Any indication of wear, chafing lines, chafing wires, cracks, dents, or other
damage
Structural integrity of gear and doors (cracks, dents, or other damage)
Hydraulic leaks (gear struts, actuators, steering valves, etc.)
Tire condition
Tire pressure (if pressure indicators are installed)
Wheel installation and safety locking devices
Wear, line security, leaks, and installation of brakes
Corrosion
(b) Fuselage and pylons. Inspect the following:
Structure for cracks, corrosion, dents, or other damage
Fasteners (loose, improper, missing)
Condition of radome
Condition of pitot tubes
Static ports (cleanliness and obstructions)
Stall warning devices and other sensors
Antennas (security and indications of corrosion)
Lavatory servicing areas (evidence of fresh blue water streaks)
Cargo compartments for integrity of fire protective liners (no holes or
unapproved tape used for repairs)
Emergency exit identification/markings
Registration marking (legibility)
All lights (general condition, broken lenses, etc.)
(c) Wings and pylons.
Structure for cracks, corrosion, dents, or other damage
Leading edge (dents and/or damage in line with engine inlets)
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Leading edge devices (when open, actuator leaks, general condition of

lines, wires, and plumbing)
Flaps (cracks, corrosion, dents, and delamination)
Flap wells (general condition of lines, wires, and plumbing)
Static eliminators (number missing)
Ailerons and aileron tabs (cracks, corrosion, dents, delamination)
Missing, loose, or improperly secured access door/inspection panels and
blowout panels
(d) Engines.
Intake for fan blade damage, and oil leaks
Ring cowl for missing or loose fasteners
Cowling doors for security and proper fit
Lower cowling for evidence of fluid leaks
Exhaust for turbine and tailpipe damage, and evidence of fluids
Reverser doors for stowage and security, and evidence of leaks
Access doors for security
(e) Propellers.
Leading edge of propeller for cracks, dents, and other damage
Deicer boots for signs of deterioration and security
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Spinners for security, cracks, and evidence of fluid leaks

(f) Empennage. Inspect the following:
Leading edge for dents
Missing static discharge eliminators
Elevator, rudder, and tabs (cracks, corrosion, dents, and delamination)
Elevator and rudder power unit for evidence of hydraulic leaks
(g) Ground safety.
(i)
Positioning of support vehicles
(ii) Fueling of aircraft, to include the following:

Refueling pressure
Condition of refueling unit (leaks, filter change dates, exhaust
system, etc.)
Grounding
Fire protection
General fueling procedures
(iii) General condition of ramp, to include the following:
Provisions for grounding
Foreign objects on ramp
Fuel spills
General housekeeping/cleanliness
Passenger control
Fire protection
(h) Baggage. Observe loading and unloading of baggage compartments to include the
following:
Baggage restraining system
Load distribution
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CHAPTER 17
ISSUE AIRCRAFT CONDITION NOTICE
HB 17.01 Objective.
This chapter describes the procedures used to issue an Aircraft Condition Notice to an
aircraft operated under an AOC delivered by the CAA after inspection carried out according
to chapter 16, or after any seldom inspection, as applicable.
HB 17.02 General
(1)
Aircraft Condition Notices are issued to aircraft when, during the normal conduct of
duties, the inspector finds possible unsafe conditions that will require immediate action
by the operator prior to operation.
(2)
When authorization from the operator cannot be obtained, the inspector is limited to an
external inspection. Inspectors should not interfere with the normal conduct of the
operator's business unless a definite possibility of an unsafe condition exists.
(3)
The inspector will usually issue an Aircraft Condition Notice during one of the following
activities:
(a) Performing a scheduled aircraft inspection.
(b) Responding to a complaint.
(c) Investigating an aircraft noticed while performing other duties.
(i)
When a possible unsafe condition is noted, the Aircraft Condition Notice will be
completed and the hard copy attached to the aircraft as near as possible to the
aircraft entrance.
(ii) If the inspector finds a general discrepancy that should be brought to the
attention of the operator, the inspector has the option of using this form as a
means of notification.
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HB 17.03 Procedures
(1)
Determine the Status of the Aircraft. The inspector must determine if the aircraft is
capable of continued operations in a safe condition.
(2)
Fill Out the Form.

(a) Complete the form, fully describing the problem areas.
(b) Attach the hard copy of the form to the aircraft at or near the entrance, or, if
possible, give the form to the pilot/owner.
(3)
Process the Form. After issuing the Aircraft Condition Notice, accomplish the following:
(a) Determine the registered owner of the aircraft.
(b) Mail the original to the registered owner.
(c) Retain the final copy in the Airworthiness Division.
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CHAPTER 18
EVALUATE PRIVATE, AERIAL WORK OPERATORS, MAINTENANCE
RECORDKEEPING SYSTEM
HB 18.01 Objective.
This chapter provides guidance for evaluating an applicant's procedures for utilizing,
preserving, and retrieving the maintenance records from the record keeping system
required by Part IV.10.
HB 18.02 General
To comply with the maintenance recording requirements of the THE STATE Aviation
Regulations, the applicant's maintenance manual must identify and contain procedures to
complete all applicable documents used by the applicant.
(1)
Current Airworthiness Directive (AD) Status. The applicant is required to keep a record
showing the current status of applicable ADs, including the method of compliance
(a) This record shall include the following:
(i)
The applicable AD list and the AD revision number.
(ii) The date and time in service or cycles, as applicable.

(iii) The date and method of compliance.
(iv) The time in service or cycles and/or date when the next action is required (if it is
a recurring AD).
(b) An acceptable method of compliance should include a reference to one of the
following:
(i)
A specific portion of the AD.
(ii) A manufacturer's service bulletin, if the bulletin is referenced in the AD.

(iii) Another document generated by the applicant that shows compliance with the
AD, such as an Engineering Manual (EO) or Engineering Authorization (EA).
(c) When an Engineering Manual/Engineering Authorization is used, the details must
be retained by the applicant. If the Engineering Manual/Engineering Authorization
also contains the accomplishment instructions and sign-off, it must be retained
indefinitely
(d) An applicant may apply for an alternate method of compliance for accomplishing
ADs. Alternate methods of compliance must be approved by the appropriate CAA
Certification Directorate and apply only to the applicant making the application
(e) The applicant's manual must have procedures to ensure compliance with new,
emergency ADs within given time limits
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(f) The document that contains the current status of ADs/method of compliance may
be the same as the record of AD accomplishment, although the retention
requirements are different.
(i)
The record of AD accomplishment must be retained until the work is

superseded or repeated.
(ii) The AD status, including the method of compliance record will only be retained
until the work is superseded or repeated.
(2)
Total Time in Service Records. Part IV requires total time in service records for
engines, propellers, and rotors. These records are used to schedule overhauls,
retirement life limits, and inspections and may consist of aircraft maintenance record
pages, separate cards or pages, a computer list, or other methods as described in the
applicant's manual.
(3)
Life-Limited Parts Status Records. Part IV requires records for components of the
airframe, engine, propellers, rotors, and appliances that are identified to be removed
from service when the life limit has been reached.
(a) The current life-limited status of the part is a record indicating the life limit
record must include any modification of the part in accordance with ADs, service
bulletins, or product improvements by the manufacturer or applicant
(b) The following are not considered a current life-limited status record:
(i)
Work Manuals.
(ii) Maintenance installation records.

(iii) Purchase requests.
(iv) Sales receipts.
(v) Manufacturer's documentation of original certification.
(vi) Other historical data.
(c) Whenever the current status of life-limited parts records cannot be established or
has not been maintained (e.g., a break in current status) and the historical records
are not available, the airworthiness of that product cannot be determined and it must
be removed from service.
(4)
Airworthiness Releases.
(a) When maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations on an aircraft are
performed, an airworthiness release or log entry must be completed prior to
operating the aircraft. Using the procedures described in the manual, the applicant
must be able to retain all of the records necessary to show that all requirements for
the issuance of an airworthiness release have been met
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(b) The applicant must identify those persons authorized to sign airworthiness
releases. This includes any personnel outside of the applicant's organization who
perform contract maintenance.
(5)
Overhaul List. The applicant is required to develop manual procedures for recording
the time since the last overhaul of all items installed on the aircraft that are required to
be overhauled on a specified time basis. The items requiring overhaul are listed either
on the operations specifications or in a document referenced in the operations
specifications.
(a) The overhaul list includes the actual time or cycles in service since the last
overhaul of all items installed on the aircraft. If continuity cannot be established
between overhaul periods, the last overhaul records must be reviewed to reestablish
the currency of the overhaul list.
(b) The overhaul list refers to the time since last overhaul of an item and must not be
confused with an overhaul record, which requires a description of the work and
identification of the person who performed and/or approved the work.
(6)
Overhaul Records.
(a) A record must be made whenever an item of aircraft equipment is overhauled and
must include the following:
(i)
A description of the work performed or reference to data acceptable to the

Director.
(ii) The name of the person performing the work if the work is performed by a
person outside of the applicant's organization.
(iii) The name or other positive identification of the individual approving the work.
NOTE: A serviceable parts tag does not constitute an overhaul record.
(b) The applicant must retain the record and be able to make it available to the Director
upon demand. The overhaul records shall be retained until the work is superseded
by work of equal scope and detail
(7)
Current Aircraft Inspection Status. The applicant can be required to retain a record
identifying the current inspection status of each aircraft.
(a) This record shall show the time in service since the last inspection required by the
inspection program under which the aircraft and its appliances are maintained.
(b) Inspection work packages or routine and non routine items generated while
performing any part of the inspection program must be retained as follows:
(i)
For one year after the work is performed.
(ii) Until the work is repeated or superseded by other work.

(2)
Major Alteration and Major Repair. Applicants are required to retain records of current
major repairs and major alterations that are accomplished on the following:
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(i)
Airframe.
(ii) Engine.
(iii) Propeller.
(iv) Rotor.
(v) Appliance.
(a) Major alterations and major repairs must be listed with the date of accomplishment
and a brief description of the work performed.
(b) The manual must include procedures for extracting the information required for the
list from the actual record of accomplishment of the major alteration or major repair.
HB 18.03 Procedures
(1)
Review the Applicants Maintenance Manual.

(a) Ensure that the necessary procedures exist in the applicant's manual to ensure a
suitable system for creating, preserving and retrieving required records.
(b) Ensure that all records will contain the following information, as applicable:
(i)
Description of the work performed (or reference to data acceptable to the

Director).
(ii) Name of the person(s) performing the work when the personnel are not
employed by the applicant's organization.
(iii) Name or other positive identification of the individual approving the work.
(2)
Review the Applicant's Manual Procedures. Review the applicant's Record keeping
procedures to ensure that the following requirements of Part IV will be met.
(a) Airworthiness Release Records. Ensure the following:
(i)
The record requirements of Part IV.10 will be met.
(ii) The records will be retained for one year after the work is performed or until
repeated/superseded by other work.
(b) Total Time In Service Records.
(i)
Evaluate the method of recording total time in service of airframes. This record
must show the current time in service in hours.
(ii) Ensure that procedures are in place to retain the records until the aircraft is sold
and that the records will then be transferred with the aircraft.
(c) Life-Limited Parts Status.
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(i)
Ensure that the applicant has procedures for tracking the current status of lifelimited parts for each airframe, engine, propeller, rotor, and appliance, to include
the following information:
Total operating hours (including calendar time)/cycles accumulated.
Life limit (total service life).
Remaining time/cycles.
Modifications.
(ii)
Ensure that procedures are in place to retain the records until the aircraft is
sold and that the records will then be transferred with the aircraft.
(d) Time Since Last Overhaul Records. Ensure that the manual includes a
method/procedure for updating this document from the overhaul records and
ensuring that this document accompanies the aircraft upon sale.
(e) Overhaul Records.
(i)
Ensure that the manual describes how the applicant will document the last
complete overhaul of each airframe, engine, propeller, rotor and appliance. The
overhaul record should include the following information:
Disassembly data.
Dimensional check data.
Replacement parts list.
Repair data.
Reassembly/test data.
Reference to data including overhaul specifications.
(ii) Ensure that these records will be retained until the work is superseded by work
of equivalent scope and detail.
(f) Current Aircraft Inspection Status.
(i)
Evaluate the method the applicant will use to record the time in service since
the last inspection.
(ii) Ensure that procedures are in place to retain the records until the aircraft is sold
and that the records will then be transferred with the aircraft.
(g) Airworthiness Directive (AD) Compliance. Evaluate how the applicant will comply
with the recordkeeping requirements of the ADs, including emergency ADs. The
procedures must generate a record that contains the following data:
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(i)
Current status. Ensure that the current status data will include the following:
A list of all ADs applicable to the aircraft.
The date and time of compliance.
The time and/or date of the next required action (if a recurring AD).
(ii) Method of compliance. Ensure that this data will include either a record of the
work performed or a reference to the applicable section of the AD
NOTE: Ensure that the records will be retained until the aircraft is sold and that the records
will then be transferred with the aircraft.
(h) Major Alteration and Major Repair Records.
(i)
Evaluate the manual procedures to ensure that the applicant prepares and
maintains a list of current major alterations and major repairs to each airframe,
engine, propeller, rotor, and appliance.
(ii) Ensure that the list includes the following information:

The date of the work performed.
A brief description of the work performed.
(iii)
(3)
Ensure that procedures are in place to retain the list until the aircraft is sold
and then be transferred with the aircraft.
Analyze the Findings. Evaluate all deficiencies to determine if corrective actions will be
required.
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CHAPTER 19
EVALUATE SMALL OPERATOR/APPLICANT'S
INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
HB 19.01 Objective.
This chapter provides guidance for evaluating, approving, and administering aircraft
inspection and additional maintenance requirements for a PART VII delivered AOC (nine or
less seats) operator.
HB 19.02 General
(1)
The aircraft's type certified passenger capacity is the passenger seating capacity as
indicated on the Type Certificate (TC) or Supplemental Type Certificate (STC). The
manufacturer (type certificate holder) may have several approved passenger seating
configurations allowing the TC or STC approved capacity to be reconfigured by
converting from one to another. Removing passenger seats does not constitute a
change in type certified capacity unless the resulting cabin configuration conforms to
an STC or approved data.
(2)
Except as discussed in subparagraph C, aircraft type certified for nine or less

passengers seats must meet the inspection requirements of PART VIII VOL 1 subpart
9 or an Approved Aircraft Inspection Program (AAIP) in accordance with PART IV. The
additional maintenance requirements in PART IV must be met in either case.
(3)
A Part VIII (nine or less) operator/applicant may elect to maintain its aircraft under a
continuous airworthiness maintenance program. If the operator/applicant elects to use
such a program, it should be approved in accordance with the guidance HB 26,
Evaluated Continuous Airworthiness Maintenance Program/Revision.
HB 19.03 Annual 100 H Inspection requirements.

Annual and 100-hour inspection requirements are defined in ANR Part IV. The
operator/applicant may request additional work or special emphasis on certain tasks;
however, there is no formal method of including these items on a continuing basis in
succeeding inspections. These inspections are suitable for, and should be limited to, aircraft
that the operator/applicant will schedule for inspection but has no particular input for the work
to be accomplished .
HB 19.04 Progressive inspection

(1)
Each operator/applicant wanting to use a progressive inspection must submit a written

request to the district office having jurisdiction over the area in which the
operator/applicant is located. The operator/applicant must have the following (Ref.
PART VIII:
(a) A certified mechanic holding an Inspection Authorization (IA), a certified airframe
repair station, or the aircraft manufacturer to supervise or conduct the inspection.
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NOTE: In this instance, the term "supervise" can be taken to mean the monitoring of a
mechanic's outstation work to ensure that work is performed in accordance with the
procedures and use of the forms of the IA who would otherwise perform the inspection.
(b) A current inspection procedures manual that meets the requirements of Part IV.08
(c) Enough housing and equipment for necessary disassembly and proper inspection
of the aircraft.
(d) Appropriate current technical information for the aircraft.
HB 19.05 Progressive inspection interval

(1)
A progressive inspection program must provide for a complete inspection of the aircraft
within each 12 calendar month period and be consistent with the manufacturer's
recommendations, field service experience, and the kind of operation in which the
aircraft is engaged. The inspection schedule must ensure the aircraft is, at all times,
airworthy and conforms to all applicable CAA aircraft specifications, TC data sheets,
Airworthiness Directives, and other approved data.
NOTE: A calendar month is the period of time from the first day of a month to the last day of
the month. When the term calendar month is used, compliance can be achieved at
any time during the month, up to and including the last day of the month. A month is
the time from any day of one calendar month to the corresponding day of the next
calendar month.
(2)
Inspection intervals should be based on manufacturer's recommendations, field service

experience, malfunction and defect history, and the type of operation in which the
aircraft is engaged.
(a) If the operator/applicant requires assistance in establishing inspection intervals, the
Aviation Safety Inspector (ASI) should provide assistance based upon experience
and knowledge of the particular aircraft.
(b) When adequate knowledge of service problems is lacking for a particular aircraft,
the operator/applicant should be advised to establish reasonable initial routine and
detailed inspection intervals and plan to adjust intervals based on service
experience. The operator/applicant should be made aware of the responsibility for
initiating an inspection frequency. This will result in a complete inspection of the
aircraft.
Requirements
(a) Before an aircraft can be placed on a progressive inspection program, it must
undergo an inspection at least equal to a 100-hour inspection. After this initial
inspection, routine and detailed inspections must be conducted as prescribed in the
progressive inspection schedule.
(b) Routine inspections consist of visual examination or check of the aircraft,
appliances, and components and systems in so far as practicable without
disassembly.
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(c) Detailed inspections consist of a thorough examination of these items with such
disassembly as necessary. For the purposes of this subparagraph, the overhaul of a
component or system is considered to be a detailed inspection.
(d) Before an aircraft can be removed from a progressive inspection program and
returned to an annual/100-hour inspection program, the remaining portions of the
progressive inspection must be completed.
HB 19.06 Additional maintenance requirements
(1)
Each operator/applicant maintaining aircraft under PART IV must comply with the
additional maintenance requirements of PART IV. These requirements ensure that
major maintenance tasks (overhaul, hot section inspections, etc.) are performed on
engines, propellers, rotors, and emergency equipment. It also includes carry-on oxygen
for medical purposes. These requirements do not apply to the airframe and are not
intended to impose a continuous airworthiness maintenance program or otherwise
augment the aircraft inspection program.
(2)
Engine requirements apply to the engine itself, including turbo superchargers,

appurtenances, and accessories necessary to its function. It does not include aircraft
provisions such as mounts or cowling or accessories such as generators or starters.
Part 1 defines a propeller as including controls supplied by the manufacturer. Most
propeller type certificate data sheets specify the applicable control unit, which should
be considered part of the propeller.
(3)
The operator/applicant may use either the manufacturer's recommended maintenance

requirements or develop a program that includes equivalent requirements.
(4)
In meeting requirements of PART IV, an operator/applicant may use applicable

portions of an aircraft manufacturer's recommended maintenance requirements for the
engine, propeller, rotor, and emergency equipment; the programs of the manufacturer's
for individual items, or a combination of both. Manufacturer's requirements, such as
pilot preflight or other inspection items within the scope of the inspections required by
PART IV should not be included as additional maintenance requirements.
NOTE: The aircraft manufacturer's maintenance program does not include the avionics
equipment installed in the aircraft. It may be necessary to require the certificate
holder to develop an inspection and maintenance program that includes the
inspection and maintenance of the avionics equipment.
(5)
PART VII defines a manufacturer's maintenance program as one that is in the

manufacturer's maintenance manual or instructions. It does not include individual
authorizations or recommendations by a repair facility or manufacturer to a particular
operator.
(a) These manuals and instructions generally include service bulletins, service letters,
and other maintenance publications.
(b) Service bulletins and service letters concerning repairs, alterations, or other items
beyond the meaning of the term "maintenance" do not fall within the scope of PART
IV and compliance is not required unless it is made mandatory by an airworthiness
directive. The certificate holder may include these items in the additional
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maintenance program to support higher maintenance intervals or other inspection

variables.
(6)
An operator may adopt a manufacturer's entire maintenance program. The program

must apply to the specific make, model, configuration, etc., and meet the requirements
of PART IV.
(a) If the aircraft manufacturer's program does not include engine overhaul (or
comparable heavy maintenance) and the engine manufacturer's program does, the
operator/applicant must incorporate the engine manufacturer's program to the
degree necessary to encompass the engine overhaul requirement. It may be
necessary to designate service bulletins, other manufacturer's maintenance
instructions, and a manufacturer's maintenance manual to ensure an adequate
program.
(b) Program limitations must be shown on operations specifications .
(7)
PART IV allows an operator to develop its own maintenance program. An

operator/applicant-developed
program
requires
CAA
approval
and
the
operator/applicant must justify the program. In most cases, these programs are derived
from a manufacturer's maintenance program, although they may contain variations
such as a higher engine overhaul period. In evaluating the operator/applicant's
program, the ASI should consider industry experience in using the manufacturer's
program.
(a) Each change to an operator/applicant developed program requires CAA approval.
Changes to a manufacturer's program should be considered but shall not be
incorporated into an operator/applicant developed program without specific
approval.
(b) An operator/applicant developed program shall be approved for use by automated
operations specifications.
HB 19.07
Maintenance program approval for carry-on oxygen equipment
(1)
PART IV requires that equipment used for storage, generation, or dispensing of oxygen
and carried aboard an aircraft must be maintained in accordance with certificate
holder's approved maintenance program. Part IV does not have specific rules for
maintaining and testing pressure cylinders. However, procedures in Department of
Transportation regulations are considered acceptable for controlling hydrostatic and life
limits of pressure cylinders. Standards that pressure cylinders must meet to be eligible
for transportation purposes are established by the Research and Special Programs
Administration and are contained in Parts 100 199 of the US FAA.
(2)
The schedule for performing inspections and maintenance, whether by time in service,
calendar time, system cycles, or combination, must comply with Part 173. Instructions
and procedures for conducting the maintenance program, including the necessary
checks and test, must be in sufficient detail for maintenance personnel to correctly
perform the maintenance without further guidance.
(3)
173.301(c), Retest of Container, states that a container for which prescribed periodic
retest has become due must not be charged and shipped until it has been properly
retested. Pressure cylinders used as aircraft equipment that remain charged or partially
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charged on the date hydrostatic test is due may remain in service beyond the test date
provided the cylinder is tested before its next full or partial refilling.
(4)
The maintenance program for carry-on oxygen equipment for medical purposes is
approved for use on operations specifications paragraph D71 as an item of emergency
equipment.
HB 19.08 Revising time limitations

(1)
Revisions to inspection and overhaul time limitations for power plants, propellers,
rotors, and emergency equipment normally are based on service experience. An
operator may request authorization for a time increase by submitting justification to
support the requested increase.
The data must indicate that the increase will not adversely affect the airworthiness of
the aircraft. If service records indicate that any item consistently requires repair,
adjustment, or other maintenance within the current time limitations due to damage,
wear, or deterioration, the operator must take corrective action.
(2)
Time limitations may be established in terms of hours of operation, cycles, or calendar

time. Time limitations for items on which deterioration is not necessarily a function of
hours of operation (such as electronic units and emergency flotation equipment) should
be established in terms of calendar time.
(3)
Increases in engine overhaul intervals may be approved in increments mutually agreed

upon by the operator and the ASI. Increases should be based on satisfactory service
experience and/or a tear down examination of at least one exhibit engine. The engine
chosen for exhibit should have operated to within 5 percent of the currently approved
time interval.
(4)
The current operator must justify an inspection time interval increase by providing
sampling documentation that supports the proposed increase. The PMI must ensure
that the part or engine sampled represents the total sample population and that it has
not been given special treatment or been subjected to early inspections by the
operator. A substantial portion of the time in service should have been accrued by the
current operator. Industry experience and manufacturer's recommendations for similar
equipment can be used as supporting justification, but should not be the sole source.
(5)
Time extensions shall not exceed 200 hours on reciprocating engine or 10 percent on
turbine powered engines.
(6)
Time limitation extensions are approved and authorized for use

operations specifications.
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HB 19.09 Procedures
(1)
Brief the Operator/Applicant. Provide the operator/applicant with policies and regulatory
requirements. Schedule and conduct a preliminary meeting, if necessary.
(2)
Review Schedule of Events. If this task is to be performed as part of an original

certification, review the Schedule of Events to ensure the task can be accomplished
according to the schedule.
(3)
Evaluate General Manual Requirements. Ensure the operator/applicant's policies and

procedures manual describes procedures, levels of authority, and information
appropriate to the inspection and maintenance requirements of PART IV.
(4)
Evaluate the Inspection and Maintenance Requirements. Accomplish the following:

(a) Determine that the aircraft meets the nine or less passenger seat requirements of
PART IV.
(b) Verify with the operator/applicant the type of program with which the aircraft is to be
inspected.
(i)
If the operator/applicant would prefer to be on a progressive inspection, ensure

that the requirements of PART IV are met.
(ii) If the operator/applicant would prefer to be on an Approved Aircraft Inspection

Program (AAIP), ensure that the requirements of PART IV, Evaluate Part IV
(Nine or Less) Approved Aircraft Inspection Program, are met.
(iii) If the operator/applicant would prefer to be on a 100-hour/annual inspection,
ensure that the requirements of PART VIII are met.
(iv) If the operator/applicant intends to haul cargo ONLY, ensure that the
requirements of PART VIII are met.
(c) Determine if the operator/applicant meets the additional maintenance requirements
of PART VII for engines, propellers and rotors (as applicable), and emergency
equipment
(i)
Determine if the operator/applicant intends to use the manufacturer's

maintenance program or develop one of its own.
(ii) Determine the time in service intervals for which the operator/applicant intends
to apply. If the times are found to be acceptable, complete the automated
operations specifications worksheet in accordance Part VIII Operations
Specifications.
Analyze Findings.
Discuss with the operator/applicant any discrepancies and the changes required to resolve
them.
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CHAPTER 20
PROCESS MALFUNCTION OR DEFECT REPORT BY OPERATORS
HB 20.01 Objective.
This chapter describes the steps necessary to the operators to process a CAA Form MoD
report, Malfunction or Defect Report (MoD) in application of the ANR Part IV.24.
HB 20.02 General
The completion of a Malfunction or Defect Report by operators requires careful review of the
reported discrepancy and supporting data. An effective evaluation of the extent of the
problem and its causes is essential for determining corrective action.
(1)
Evaluating Operator Report. An operator may choose the format used for reporting a
discrepancy. Part VIII list reportable discrepancies and corresponding regulatory
requirements. The inspector must review the submitted report to determine if a
Malfunction or Defect Report is necessary.
(2)
Reporting of Significant Problems. If the initial evaluation indicates a serious

airworthiness problem, the inspector should immediately contact Safety Data Branch
and the Regional office. The CAA engineering branch responsible for the product must
be informed of the equipment Malfunction or Defect and any recommendations for
corrective actions. Corrective action recommendations may include the following:
(i)
Airworthiness Directives.
(ii) Product modifications.

(iii) Revised inspection techniques.
(iv) Directed safety investigations.
(3)
Checking for Trends. If the opportunity exists, the inspector should review prior reports
for possible trends, e.g., vendor problems, manufacturer equipment problems, training,
and/or procedural problems.
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HB 20.03 Procedures
(1)
Review the Operator Report. Review the submitted report to determine if a Malfunction
or Defect Report is required. Examine the following:
(i)
The level of detail provided.
(ii) Suitability of suggested corrective action.

(iii) Programs for routine and non-routine maintenance.
(iv) Contractual arrangements.
(v) Training programs.
(vi) Enforcement of noncompliance findings.
(2)
Conduct an Investigation. If the evaluation indicates that follow up action is required to

determine the cause of the discrepancy, inspect the following areas, as applicable:
(i)
Aircraft, engine, propeller, components, and accessories.
(ii) Appropriate maintenance records.

(iii) Maintenance procedures.
(iv) Training procedures and records.
(v) Vendor sources.
(3)
Identify and Correct Discrepancies.

(a) If the investigation reveals inadequacies in the operator's maintenance or
inspection procedures, ensure that procedures are changed to prevent a recurrence
of the discrepancy.
(b) If the investigation reveals a lack of training and/or inadequate training, the training
program must be evaluated and procedural changes incorporated to correct the
deficient areas.
(c) If the investigation reveals a serious manufacturing defect, a report shall be made
to the following:
(i)
The appropriate Regional office and Safety Branch of the CAA.
(ii) The TC or STC holder.
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CHAPTER 21
PROCESS MALFUNCTION OR DEFECT REPORT BY CAA
HB 21.01 Objective.
This chapter provides guidance in processing a Malfunction or Defect Report (M or D
Report), by the CAA to the TC holder Authority.
HB 21.02 General
The M or D Report is a means of reporting aircraft, powerplant, and appliance problem
areas. Although the M or D Report was intended for the specific use owners, operators,
agencies, mechanics, and pilots may use this system to report any "potential" or existing
problem areas that might affect the airworthiness of an aircraft.
(1)
Whenever a system component or part of an aircraft, power plant, propeller, or

appliance functions improperly or fails to operate in the approved (type certificated)
manner, it has malfunctioned and is reportable. Additionally, if a system or component
has a flaw that impairs or may impair its future function, or has a part installed
improperly, it is defective and should be reported.
NOTE: Repeat problems affecting the same aircraft, powerplant, propeller, appliance or
system must be reported to enable the CAA Airworthiness Disvision to detect possible trend
items.
(2)
Reporting operators and agencies are not bound to any specific reporting format as
long as the following information is included:
(a) Make.
(b) Model.
(c) Part number.
(d) Name.
(e) Serial number, as applicable.
(f) The specific problem and condition.
(g) Corrective action, as applicable.
(h) Diagram, as applicable.
NOTE: CAA Form MoD, Malfunction or Defect Reports, is used for such reporting.
(1)
Data provided for and included in M and D Reports can be used for the following:
(a) Determining maintenance trends that may affect aviation safety.
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(b) Revealing other trends, such as problems with vendors, manufacturers, training,
and/or procedures.
(c) Evaluating the overall effectiveness of an inspection and maintenance program.
HB 21.03 Procedures
(1)
Review the Operator Report. Ensure that the MoD report is as complete as possible.
Contact the operator for clarification, as applicable. If necessary, visit the site. Any
attachments, such as photographs or sketches, can be useful.
(2)
Determine if a Report is Required. When a system component or part of an aircraft

(powerplants, propellers, or appliances) functions badly or fails to operate in the normal
or usual manner, it has malfunctioned and should be reported. Also, if a system,
component or part has a flaw or imperfection which impairs function or which may
impair future function, it is defective and should be reported. While at first sight it
appears this will generate numerous insignificant reports, the Malfunction or Defect
Program is designed to detect trends. Any report can be very constructive in evaluating
design or maintenance reliability.
(3)
Submit an MoD Report. Report serious airworthiness problems to the CAA

Airworthiness Division. The CAA responsible for the product must be informed of the
equipment Malfunction or Defect along with any recommendations for corrective
actions and shall inform the TC holder of such MoD.
(a) If the airworthiness problems are critical to safe flight, report them immediately by
phone, followed with a written report within 24 hours.
(b) If the airworthiness problem is determined not to be critical to safe flight, it must be
reported within 72 hours. If the information available within that time is incomplete,
all known conditions must be reported. The report must indicate whether follow up
action is required.
(4)
Conduct Investigation. If operator trends are identified, determine if there is a need for
a change in the operator's policies or procedures.
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CHAPTER 22
REVIEW OPERATOR'S MECHANICAL INTERRUPTION SUMMARY REPORT
HB 22.01 Objective.
This chapter provides guidance for monitoring an operator's fleet performance by tracking
mechanical irregularities that occur during scheduled operations.
HB 22.02 General
Operators are required by Part VIII .07.21 to submit a monthly Mechanical Interruption
Summary Report (MISR). This report enables the inspector to evaluate the effectiveness of
the operator's maintenance and manual procedures.
(1)
Requirement for Reporting Mechanical Irregularities

(a) Part VIII .07.21 require each certificate holder to provide an aircraft maintenance
log for recording or deferring mechanical irregularities, as applicable, and the
subsequent corrective actions performed. This log must be carried on board each
aircraft.
(b) The operator's manual should provide a method where the pilot in command will
inform the operator of mechanical irregularities or defects that appear before, during,
and after a flight. The operator uses this information to let the maintenance
personnel know of any suspected problems so that corrective action can be taken.
(2)
Aviation Safety Inspector's (ASI's) Role.

Following receipt of an operator's Mechanical Interruption Summary Report, the ASI
must evaluate the information for problem areas and significant trends. If a problem
area or trend is evident, the inspector must decide on course of action to investigate
and/or correct the problem as necessary.
(3)
Obtaining Additional Information.

The inspector may need to obtain more information than that available on the
Mechanical Interruption Summary Report. Possible sources of information include:
(i)
Contact with the operator
(ii) Research of previous Mechanical Interruption Summary Reports and inspection

reports
(iii) Investigation of the operator's recent enforcement history for related violations
(4)
Analysis and Findings. Once the necessary data has been gathered, the ASI must
analyze the findings to define the cause of the problem and determine a course of
corrective action. Possible actions include:
(i)
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(ii) Inspecting aircraft, facilities, or products to ensure minimum standards have

been met
(iii) Investigating for possible regulatory noncompliance
(iv) Recommending procedural changes to the operator's manual(s)
(v) Filing an Enforcement Investigative Report (EIR)
HB 22.03 Procedures
(1)
Analyze the Content of Report. Review the Mechanical Interruption Summary Report.
(a) Coordinate with the appropriate specialty for analysis.
(b) Determine if any item on the Mechanical Interruption Summary Report requires
further action.
(2)
Conduct Research.
To determine the course of action and the severity of the problem, accomplish the
following, as necessary:
(a) Contact the operator for additional information to help establish the following:
(i)
Were proper maintenance procedures followed?
(ii) Have appropriate corrective actions been taken?

(b) Review previous Mechanical Interruption Summary Reports to detect trends or
irregularities that may indicate problem areas in maintenance procedures,
operational procedures, or the operator's training
(c) Review previous inspection reports, correspondence, and other documents in the
office files to determine if problem areas that relate to Mechanical Interruption
Summary Reports have been identified
(d) Examine operator's recent enforcement history to determine if there are any related
violation actions
(3)
Analyze Findings.
Based on information obtained, determine an appropriate course of action.
(4)
Debrief Operator.
Discuss with the operator all significant items identified on the Mechanical Interruption
Summary Report. Discuss corrective actions and, if necessary, inform the operator that
a letter will follow to confirm the items discussed.
CHAPTER 23
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INSPECT OPERATOR'S MAIN BASE FACILITY
HB 23.01 Objective.
This chapter provides guidance for inspecting any AOC of flight authorization holder
maintenance/contract maintenance facility for regulatory compliance (ANR Part IV.19).
HB 23.02 General
The maintenance inspection is performed to ensure that adequate housing, equipment,
spare parts, technical data and qualified personnel are being utilized to satisfactorily
complete all maintenance functions.
HB 23.03 Performing the inspection.

(1)
Equipment Identification. Inspectors should be aware of the type of aircraft being

operated. The operations specifications or attached listing will identify the type of
aircraft authorized for use.
(2)
Previous Inspection Reports. Previous inspection reports, correspondence, and other

documents in the district office files should be reviewed to determine if there are any
open items or if any areas are identified that require special attention.
(3)
Facilities. The maintenance facility is required to perform maintenance in accordance

with the operator's maintenance manuals. The inspector should use these documents
to determine what special equipment, housing, and environmental conditions are
necessary to perform the work. For example, the manufacturer may require special
stands, hand tools, or a dust-free environment to repair a specific item.
(4)
Contract Maintenance Arrangements. If any maintenance is being performed by a

contract facility, an inspection must be performed at the contractor's facility. During the
inspection the inspector must determine if the contractor has adequate facilities and
personnel to perform the contracted work. The inspector must keep in mind that the
contract maintenance facility is an extension of the operator's overall maintenance
organization. Maintenance performed by thecontractor must be in accordance with the
operator's approved maintenance program.
(a) For inspections of a contract maintenance facility located out of the geographic
boundaries of the Certificate Holding Office (CHO), assistance should be
requested from the Flight Standards Office (FSO). A list of contractor management
personnel to be contacted can be obtained from the operator.
(b) The operator's manuals must be reviewed to determine the levels of maintenance
performed at the contract maintenance facility.
(c) The contract maintenance facilities should be inspected to ensure that they are
properly certificated and rated for the scope of work performed, e.g., aircraft, power
plant, propeller, components, and accessories.
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(5)
Enforcement History. Inspectors should check the Enforcement Information Subsystem

(EIS) to determine if there are any areas that require special attention. If a contract
maintenance organization is used, it should also be checked.
(6)
Approved Flight Manual. The approved flight manual should be reviewed to determine
the type of equipment being used. Based on the listed equipment, this review will help
determine if the maintenance base has the necessary tools and equipment to service
the aircraft and associated devices, e.g., external load devices (rotorcraft) and spraying
devices (agricultural operators).
HB 23.04 Procedures
(1)
Review the Operator's Data. Review the following:

(a) The district office files to determine if any chronic or open items exist, status of
Enforcement Investigation Reports, exemptions, etc.
(b) The operator's maintenance manuals to determine the level of maintenance
accomplished and the complexity of operation at the maintenance facility.
(c) The operator's operations specifications to determine the maintenance and
inspection program content and complexity.
(2)
Inspect the Operator's Technical Library. Ensure all required technical data is available
and current. If data is on microfiche, ensure that readers are available and serviceable.
The data must include the following, as applicable:
(i)
Operations specifications.
(ii) Operator's general maintenance manual.

(iii) Aircraft manufacturers' manuals.
(iv) Propeller, appliance, engine, and emergency equipment manufacturer's
manuals.
(v) Manufacturer's and vendor's service bulletins/letters.
(vi) Applicable THE STATE Aviation Regulations.
(vii) Applicable manufacturers (airframe and engines) and CAA Airworthiness
Directives.
(viii) Applicable type data sheets/Supplemental Type Certificates.
(ix) Approved Flight Manual.
(3)
Inspect the Aircraft Maintenance Record Retention System.
NOTE: The chapter 25 provides a guide for inspection of the aircraft records.
(4)
Inspect the Maintenance Organization. Ensure the following:
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(a) Staffing meets maintenance needs based on the complexity of operation.

(b) Responsibilities are separated between inspection and maintenance sections.
(c) Maintenance and inspection management personnel are qualified.
(5)
Inspect the Operator's Maintenance Facilities. Using the operator's manual as a

reference, inspect the following:
(a) Parts and storage areas, to ensure:
(i)
Adequate spare parts are available to support complexity of operation.
(ii) Receiving inspections are accomplished in accordance with operator's

manual.
(iii) Shelf life-limits are established for items, and that these items are controlled in
accordance with operator's manual or manufacturer's recommendations.
(iv) Components and hardware are properly identified, protected, and classified as
to serviceability.
(v) Segregation of serviceable and unserviceable components and hardware is
maintained.
(vi) Hazardous materials are suitably segregated and stored.
(b) Special tools and test equipment, to ensure:
(i)
Serviceability and calibration are accomplished in accordance with operator's

manual.
(ii) All required items are serviceable and within calibration criteria, to include
traceability to one of the following:
The National Bureau of Standards.
Standard established by the item's manufacturer.
If foreign manufactured, the standards
manufactured, if approved by the Director.
of
the
country
where
(iii) Appropriate types and quantities are available.

(iv) Proper storage and protection is utilized.
(c) Fuel/oil storage and dispensing facilities, if operated and maintained by operator.
(d) De-icing chemical storage and dispensing equipment, if applicable. The following
must be inspected to ensure compliance with the operator's manual:
(i)
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(ii) Serviceability of equipment.

(iii) General condition and safety of storage areas.
(iv) Training of personnel in operator's de-icing procedures.
NOTE: If de-icing services are provided on a contract basis, ensure that the contractor
meets the above requirements.
(e) Support shops (avionics, sheet metal, engine etc.), to ensure:
(i)
All required technical data is current and available. If data is on microfiche,

ensure that readers are available and serviceable.
(ii)
Staffing reflects complexity of shop.
(iii)
Personnel are properly trained, qualified, and authorized.
(iv)
Procedures for shift turnover are in place and properly utilized.
(v)
All required special tooling and equipment is available, serviceable, and

within calibration criteria.
(vi)
Maintenance tasks and inspection functions are being accomplished in

accordance with operator's maintenance manual.
(vii) Safety equipment is available and serviceable.

(viii) Individual shop storage areas are maintained to same standards as main
storage area.
(ix)
Work areas do not conflict with each other, e.g., lathe next to avionics repair
area.
(x)
Lighting, ventilation, and general housekeeping are adequate.
(f) Hangar facilities, to ensure:

(i)
Facilities are adequate for work being performed.
(ii)
Staffing reflects the complexity of work being performed.
(iii)
Personnel are properly trained, qualified, and authorized.
(iv)
Procedures for shift turnover are in place and properly utilized.
(v)
Special equipment and tooling is available, serviceable, and calibrated, if

applicable.
(vi)
Safety procedures are established and adhered to.
(vii) Procedures to direct the flow and control of all maintenance and inspection
records.
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(viii) Lighting, ventilation and general housekeeping are adequate.

(g) Hangar ground support equipment, to ensure the equipment is serviceable and
appropriate for the work being performed
(6)
Inspect the Engineering Department, if Applicable. Ensure the following:

(a) Staffing is adequate for complexity of assigned duties.
(b) Personnel are qualified.
(c) All required technical data is current and available.
(d) Engineering Manuals are accomplished and in accordance with operator's manual.
(e) Major repair and alterations are accomplished in accordance with CAA approved
data,
(f) Major repair reports are retained and available.
(g) Major alterations (modifications) are being reported.
NOTE: Review a representative sample of operator generated Engineering Manuals to

ensure that the program is being followed and items are being properly categorized (major
versus minor).
(7)
Inspect the Inspection Department. Ensure the following:

(a) Designated staffing is adequate for complexity of operation.
(b) Delegated staffing (Required Inspection Items) is at reasonable level.
(c) System ensures inspection personnel are trained, qualified, and properly
authorized.
(8)
Inspect the Maintenance Control, if Applicable

(i)
Staffing is adequate for the complexity of the operation and that personnel are
trained and qualified to the aircraft and appliances.
(ii) Technical data (TC holder or equipment manufacturer) is available and current
(without deviation from the TC holder or equipment manufacturer approved
data).
(iii) Communications system provides effective communication between all
departments and stations.
(b) Review the activity/turnover log to look for trends and to evaluate the general
effectiveness of the overall maintenance program.
(9)
Inspect the Maintenance Production/Planning Control, if Applicable. Ensure the

following:
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(a) Staffing is adequate for the complexity of the operation

(b) Planning system is effective, e.g., inspection/overhaul scheduling, facility
scheduling, parts forecast, personnel requirements, and communication with other
departments
(c) The system provides for scheduling corrections of deferred and carryover
maintenance items
NOTE: Randomly sample a representative number of open and completed work packages
to ensure the effectiveness of the system.
(10) Inspect Aircraft. Inspect any available aircraft to determine the quality of maintenance
being performed. Refer to chapter 16, Introduction to Aircraft and Equipment
(11) Analyze Findings. Upon completion of inspection, record all deficiencies noted and
determine the appropriate corrective action(s) to be taken.
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CHAPTER 24
INSPECT AVIONICS TEST EQUIPMENT
HB 24.01 Objective.
This chapter provides guidance in the inspection of test equipment used during the
calibration, repair, and overhaul of avionics equipment.
HB 24.02 General
A repair facility certified to maintain avionics equipment must have test equipment suitable to
perform that maintenance. Regardless of the type of equipment being used the minimum test
equipment necessary to perform the maintenance, as required by the manufacturer,
is acceptable.
(1)
Test Equipment Equivalency.

Normally, test equipment which is equivalent to that recommended by the appliance or
aircraft manufacturer will be accepted.
(2)
Test Equipment Updating

(a) State of the art advances often affect the modes and parameters of avionics
equipment. Therefore, previously accepted test equipment may need to be
modified to ensure compatibility with any new equipment used.
(b) Surplus military test equipment is sometimes used by repair facilities as a primary
test unit or as a backup in case of failure of the primary test unit. Modification of
this equipment to current industry standards and the equivalency requirements
may be required prior to use.
(1)
Test Equipment Calibration.

The regulations require that maintenance facilities test the test equipment at regular
intervals to ensure correct calibration.
(a) National Institute of Standards and Technology traceability can be verified by
reviewing test equipment calibration records for references to National Institute of
Standards and Technology test report numbers. These numbers certify traceability
of the equipment used in calibration.
(b) If the repair station uses a standard for performing calibration, that standard cannot
be used to perform maintenance.
(c) The calibration intervals for test equipment will vary with the type of equipment,
environment, and use. The accepted industry practice for calibration intervals is
usually one year.
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HB 24.03 Procedures
(1)
Perform the inspection

(a) Determine what test equipment is required by reviewing the operator /
manufacturer's maintenance manuals.
(b) Ensure that the agency has full control of the test equipment, i.e. ownership, lease,
etc., and that the test equipment is located on the premises.
(c) Ensure that the following is accomplished according to the operator/agency's
accepted manual procedures:
(i)
Identification of equipment
(ii) Recording of the date and person/organization calibrating each piece of test
equipment
(d) Ensure that inspection and calibration of the precision tools and test equipment is
done in accordance with the operator/agency's manual procedures.
(2)
Inspect Automatic Test Equipment (ATE)

(a) Ensure that the ATE testing program provides an in-depth analysis that ensures
the aircraft components and testing standards are functionally tested within the
prescribed manufacturer's limits.
(b) Verify that management control is accomplished in accordance with the
operator/agency's accepted manual and includes procedures for the following:
(i)
The setting of limits and standards
(ii) The performance of evaluation checks and tests

(iii) The updating of a listing that identifies each Automatic Test Equipment test by
number and a reference to the applicable section of the component manual
(iv) Controlling and identifying the revision status of software programs
(c) Ensure that the operator/agency's purchasing maintenance service, including
Automatic Test Equipment programs, is accomplished in accordance with the
operator/agency's approved maintenance program.
(3)
Analyze Results.
Review inspection results and discuss any discrepancies with the operator/agency.
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CHAPTER 25
INSPECT PART IV MAINTENANCE RECORDS
HB 25.01 Objective.
This chapter provides guidance for inspecting the maintenance records required the Code of
THE STATE Regulations part IV.10.
HB 25.02 General
Part IV.10 establishes the record keeping responsibilities and requirements for the registered
owner/operator of the aircraft and Part V and VI establish the record keeping responsibilities
and requirements for the personnel who maintain the aircraft.
(1)
Current Airworthiness Directives (AD) Status. The owner must keep a record showing
the current status of applicable AD's.
(a) This record must include the following:
(i)
The current status of AD's applicable to the aircraft, including the AD number
and revision date.
(ii) The method of compliance.

(iii) The time-in-service, or the cycles, and/or the date when the next action is
required for a recurring AD.
(b) An acceptable method of compliance should include a reference to either a specific
portion of the AD or a manufacturer's service bulletin, if the bulletin is referenced in
the AD.
(c) The document that contains the current status of AD's method of compliance may
be the same as the record of AD accomplishment. The record of non-recurring AD's
must be retained with the aircraft indefinitely. If selling the aircraft, the records must
be transferred to the new owner.
(2)
Total Time-in-Service Records. Part IV.07 requires the total time-in-service records for
airframes, engines, rotors, and propellers to be retained by the owner. These records
are used to schedule overhauls, retirement life limits, and inspections.
(a) Total time-in-service records may consist of the following:
(i)
Aircraft maintenance record pages.
(ii) Designated cards or pages.

(iii) A computer listing.
(iv) Other methods accepted by the Administrator.
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(b) Total time-in-service records must be retained with the aircraft indefinitely. If selling
the aircraft, the records must be transferred to the new owner.
(3)
Life-Limited Parts Current Status Records. Part IV requires retention by the owner of
records for components of the airframe, engine, propellers, rotors, and appliances that
are identified to be removed from service when the life limit has been reached.
(a) The current life-limited status of the part is a record indicating the life limit
record must include any modification of the part according to AD's, service bulletins,
or product improvements by the manufacturer or applicant.
(b) The following are not considered to be current life-limited status records:
(i)
Work orders.
(ii) Purchase requests.

(iii) Sales receipts.
(iv) Manufacturers' documentation of original certification.
(v) Other historical data.
(c) Whenever the current status of life-limited parts records cannot be established or
has not been maintained (e.g., a break in current status) and the historical records
are not available, the airworthiness of that product cannot be determined, and it
must be removed from service.
(d) Current status of life-limited parts records must be retained with the aircraft
indefinitely. If selling the aircraft, the records must be transferred to the new owner.
(4)
Approval for Return to Service.

(a) Following the performance of maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations
on an aircraft, an approval for return to service must be completed prior to operation
of the aircraft.
(b) The person approving/disapproving the return to service on the aircraft, airframe,
engine, propeller, appliance, or component must make an entry in the maintenance
record that contains the following information:
(i)
A description (or reference to data acceptable to the Administrator) of work

performed.
(ii) The date of completion of the work performed.

(iii) The signature, certificate number, and kind of certificate of the person approving
the work.
(5)
Time Since Last Overhaul. The owner must record the time and/or cycles since the last
overhaul of all items installed on the aircraft that are required to be overhauled on a
specified time basis. Reference to the time since last overhaul of an item must not be
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confused with an overhaul record, which requires a description of the work and
identification of the person who performed and/or approved the work.
(6)
Overhaul Records.
(a) A record must be made by the person performing maintenance when overhauling
an item of aircraft equipment. This record must include the following:
(i)
A description of the work performed or a reference to data acceptable to the

Administrator.
(ii) The date of completion of the work performed.

(iii) The name of the person performing the work if other than the person approving
for return to service.
(iv) The signature, type of certificate, and certificate number of the person
approving the aircraft/component for return to service.
NOTE: A return to service tag does not constitute an overhaul record but may be
used to reference the overhaul records.
(v) The owner must retain the record and make it available to the Administrator
upon request. The overhaul records must be retained until the work is
superseded by work of equal scope and detail.
(7)
Current Aircraft Inspection Status.

(a) The owner must retain a record identifying the current inspection status of each
aircraft. This record must show the time-in-service since the last inspection required
by the inspection program under which the aircraft and its appliances are
maintained.
(b) This record must be retained until superseded by work of equal scope and detail.
(8)
Major Repair and Major Alteration Records. Owners must retain the records CAA MRA,
Major Repair and Alteration) (refer to annex 1) for each major repair/alteration made to
an aircraft, including any work done on the following:
(i)
Airframe.
(ii) Engine.
(iii) Propeller.
(iv) Rotor.
(v) Appliance.
(a) The records for major repairs must be retained until the work is repeated or
superseded, or for one year after the work has been performed.
(b) The records for major alterations must be retained with the aircraft indefinitely. If
selling the aircraft, the records must be transferred to the new owner.
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(1)
Contact the Owner/Operator. Arrange to obtain the aircraft maintenance records for
review.
(2)
Review the Owner/Operator's Maintenance Records. Determine whether the record

keeping requirements of the THE STATE Aviation Regulations have been met.
(a) Ensure the entries for maintenance include the following:
(i)
A description of the work performed.
(ii) The date of completion.

(iii) Signature and certificate number of the person approving the aircraft for return
to service.
(b) Ensure that the entries for inspections, excluding progressive inspections, include
the following:
(i)
Type of inspection.
(ii) Brief description of the extent of the inspection.

(iii) Date of the inspection.
(iv) Total time-in-service for the aircraft.
(v) Signature, certificate number, and kind of certificate held by the person
approving or disapproving the aircraft for return to service.
(vi) A statement certifying the airworthiness status of the aircraft.
(c) Ensure the owner/operator has records containing the following information:
(i)
Total time in service for the airframe.
(ii) The current status of life-limited parts of each airframe, engine, propeller, rotor,
and appliance.
(iii) Total time since last overhaul for those items installed on the aircraft that are
required to be overhauled on a specified time basis.
(iv) Current inspection status of the aircraft, including time since last inspection, as
required by the program under which the aircraft and its appliances are
maintained.
(v) Copies of CAA Form MRA (Major Repairs and Alterations) (annex1), for each
major alteration to airframe, engine, rotors, propellers, and appliances.
(d) Ensure the owner/operator has records for the current status of each applicable
Airworthiness Directive, including the following:
(i)
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(ii) The AD number and revision date.

(iii) The time when the next action is required for a recurring Airworthiness
Directive.
(3)
Analyze Results. Bring any discrepancies to the attention of the owner.
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CHAPTER 26
MONITOR CONTINUOUS AIRWORTHINESS MAINTENANCE
PROGRAM/REVISION
HB 26.01 Objective.
This chapter provides guidance for ensuring that the operator's total continuous airworthiness
maintenance program includes the maintenance/inspection tasks necessary to maintain its
aircraft in an airworthy condition.
HB 26.02 General
(1)
Definitions
(a) Scheduled maintenance: A group of tasks, accomplished at specified intervals, that
prevent deterioration of the safety and reliability levels of the aircraft.
(b) Unscheduled maintenance: A group of tasks resulting from scheduled
maintenance, reports of malfunctions, and data analysis used to restore equipment
to acceptable safety and reliability levels.
(c) Hard time (H.T.): A maximum interval for performing maintenance tasks. This
interval usually applies to overhaul, but can also apply to total life of parts or units.
(d) On condition (O.C.): Scheduled inspections, tests, or measurements to determine
whether an item is in, and will remain in, a satisfactory condition until the next
scheduled inspection, test, or measurement.
(e) Condition monitoring (C.M.): A maintenance process characterized by the absence
of scheduled maintenance tasks. Items remain in service until a functional failure
occurs. The overall reliability levels of these items are monitored by continuing
analysis and surveillance programs.
(f) Servicing/Lubrication (SV/LU): Any at of lubrication or servicing for the purpose of
maintaining inherent design capabilities.
(g) Operating crew monitoring (C.R.): Any monitoring of system operation that is
accomplished by the operating crew members during normal duties. These tasks
are not a part of the scheduled maintenance program.
(h) Operational check (O.P.): A check to verify that an item is fulfilling its intended
purpose. This check does not require quantitative tolerances and is strictly a failure
finding task.
(i) Inspection/functional check (IN/FC): An examination of an item against a specific
standard or a quantitative check, to determine if one or more functions of an item
performs within specified limits.
(j) Restoration (RS): That work (on or off the aircraft) that is necessary to return an
item to a specific standard.
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(k) Discard (DS): Removal of an item from service at a specified life-limit (safe lifelimits/economic life-limits).
(l) Accountability: For the purposes of this job task, "accountability" refers to the
procedures established by the operator to control the issuance and return of
completed job cards, non routine coupons/sheets, and other work forms issued
during any maintenance/inspection function.
(m) Work packages: Work packages contain detailed instructions, standards, methods,
and techniques for performing a task. May be presented as work forms, job cards,
and/or other accepted methods. A work package satisfies accountability and record
keeping requirements.
(2)
Continuous Airworthiness Maintenance Program

(a) Operators operating under ANR Part VIII (10 or more) are required to have a
continuous airworthiness maintenance program. The total continuous airworthiness
maintenance program must be detailed in the operator's manual system. The
manual(s) must contain specific maintenance and inspection tasks, including
methods, standards, and techniques for accomplishing these tasks.
(b) There are additional programs required by the regulations, including training
programs, Continuing Analysis and Surveillance Programs (CASPs), record keeping
and reporting systems, etc. These programs are a very important part of the total
continuous airworthiness maintenance program, and are used to support the
maintenance tasks.
(c) An approved continuous airworthiness maintenance program establishes the
operator as a maintenance entity, and when followed, ensures the continued
airworthiness of an aircraft and its equipment.
(3)
Operations Specifications. The scheduled maintenance program is derived from the

approved requirements stated in operations specifications. The operator must have
work forms, job cards, and/or other methods to accomplish the scheduled maintenance
program and have manual procedures for implementing each special authorization.
HB 26.03 Performing the inspection.

(1)
The CAA. Since the operator is required to provide the appropriate manuals containing
the continuous airworthiness maintenance program to the CAA, the majority of this task
is performed there. At a minimum, the CAA must be provided with:
(a) The MME (Maintenance Management Exposition)
Maintenance Policy Manual if not in Public Transport.
or
a GMPC
General
(b) Detailed instructions for accomplishing the scheduled maintenance/inspection

program.
(c) Aircraft manufacturer's maintenance manuals incorporated by the operator,
including the Illustrated Parts Catalogue (IPC).
(2)
Maintenance Facility. The CAA normally does not have, and is not required to have, all
of the repair/overhaul manuals for engines, propellers, and appliances. The Aviation
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Safety Inspector (ASI) must therefore go to the operator's facility to ensure that the
operator has the appropriate instructions and standards to accomplish its
repair/overhaul maintenance functions.
(3)
Manual System. The operator's manual system must define every facet of the
continuous airworthiness maintenance program, and is normally divided into three
distinct categories:
(a) The MME Maintenance Management Exposition: this Procedures Manual contains
general information on how the operator manages the maintenance in accordance
with ANR Part IV.21.
(b) The MME Manual sections detailing instructions for accomplishing the scheduled
maintenance program in Public Transportation, or the GMPC General Maintenance
Policy Manual. These manuals contain the scheduled maintenance program
requirements for a particular type of aircraft and instructions for accomplishing the
scheduled maintenance program. The manuals must include provisions for
accountability and for meeting the recording requirements of NAR Part IV, and may
include:
(i)
Instructions to accomplish scheduled checks (lettered, phased, numbered, etc.),

including the job cards for accomplishing these checks.
(ii) Job cards for accomplishing recurring non routine maintenance, i.e. engine
change cards, propeller change cards, gear changes, etc.
(c) Technical manuals for maintenance standards and methods. These manuals
contain the standards for overhaul, repair, replacement, calibration, and other
requirements to return the aircraft and its components to its original or properly
altered condition. They consist of the current manufacturer's maintenance/overhaul
manuals and/or other standards developed by the operator and accepted by the
CAA.
(4)
Key Areas of the Maintenance Program.

(a) Aircraft inspection requirements. This area includes routine inspections and tests
performed on the aircraft at prescribed intervals.
(i)
In the past, operators have been approved to use maintenance programs

developed by operators with similar equipment but greatly different operational
environments. To ensure that the aircraft is maintained properly, it is imperative
that whatever combination of inspection intervals are used, (calendar time,
cycles, or hours), that the inspection is performed by whichever interval occurs
first. This compensates for differences or changes in the operator's operational
environment.
(ii) For those operators that do not have calendar time requirements, they must
equate the current aircraft utilization in hours to a calendar date. For example,
an operator has operated 3,000 hours in the past twelve months and has a
3,000-hour inspection interval. The inspection requirement should therefore be
3,000 hours or twelve months, whichever comes first.
(b) Scheduled maintenance. This area concerns maintenance tasks performed at
prescribed intervals.
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(i)
Some scheduled maintenance tasks are accomplished concurrently with

inspection tasks, i.e., Airworthiness Directive (AD) notes, service bulletins, etc,
that are a part of the inspection element and may be included on the same
form. Scheduled tasks include such items as:
Replacement of life-limited items.
Replacement of components for periodic overhaul or repair.
Special inspection such as X-rays.
Checks or tests for on-condition items.
Lubrication.
(ii) Special work forms can be provided for accomplishing these tasks, or they can
be specified by a work order or other document. Instructions and standards for
accomplishing each task must be provided to ensure that the work is done in
accordance with established procedures and is properly recorded.
(iii) Special emphasis should be placed on record keeping requirements of a
scheduled maintenance program, since past inspections have found that the
status of a scheduled maintenance activity was not supported by adequate
records. This has caused considerable problems in determining the current
status of life-limited parts, AD requirements, overhaul records, etc. since the
THE STATE Aviation Regulations require each operator to keep accurate
maintenance records.
(c) Unscheduled maintenance. This area provides procedures, instructions, and
standards to accomplish maintenance tasks generated by the inspection.
(i)
A continuous aircraft maintenance record can be used for occurrences and the
resulting corrective actions between scheduled inspections. Inspection
discrepancy forms (nonroutine coupons), process unscheduled maintenance in
conjunction with scheduled maintenance.
(ii) Instructions and standards for unscheduled maintenance are provided in the
operator's technical manuals, consisting of the aircraft structural repair manual
and manufacturer's maintenance manuals for aircraft, engine, propeller, and
appliances. These manuals are a part of the approved continuous airworthiness
maintenance program, and must be used when performing maintenance.
(iii) When there is no technical information available and maintenance is required,
the operator must develop or acquire the data needed to perform the
maintenance. This maintenance data must be evaluated as major or minor,
according to the operator's procedures.
(iv) Past inspections have revealed that procedures for determining major and
minor repairs have been deficient, and that some repairs have been improperly
categorized. As a result, major repairs have been performed without CAA
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approved data. Special emphasis must be made by ASIs to ensure that

operators classify repairs properly.
(d) Repair/overhaul of engine, propeller, and appliances. This area concerns shop
operations which, although they encompass scheduled and unscheduled tasks, are
remote from the maintenance performed on the aircraft as a unit.
(i)
Aircraft engine and propeller manuals containing instructions for installation,

operation, servicing, and maintenance are accepted by the CAA. These
manuals are accepted as part of type certification and are incorporated as part
of the operator's manual system. They require no further review by the CAA.
(ii) The appliance manufacturer's manual that the operator chooses to incorporate
as a part of its maintenance manual is not formally approved. It is considered by
the administrator to be acceptable data for accomplishing major or minor
repairs.
(iii) If the airframe, engine, or propeller manufacturer's instructions require special
procedures, tolerances, or specifications, these instructions must prevail over
the appliance manufacturer's instructions.
(iv) The CAA can formally issue supplemental information, including ADs, that
supersedes all manufacturer's specifications.
(e) Structural inspection/airframe overhaul. Most of the information required to develop
an initial structural inspection program will be developed by the manufacturer.
(i)
The scheduled inspection program provides the framework for all the scheduled
maintenance packages. Structural inspections are normally integrated
throughout the operator's scheduled maintenance program.
(ii) The various levels of inspection must be clearly defined in the operator's
program. For example, the area under consideration may require a visual
inspection during preflight, where a higher inspection such as "B" or "C" check
may require more than a visual inspection of the same area. A comprehensive
inspection or airframe overhaul is usually referred to as a "D" check, and may
include all, or nearly all, of the scheduled tasks in a maintenance program.
(f) Supplemental Structural Inspection Document (SSID) requirements. When the
operator has aircrafts that are identified in a particular Supplemental Structural
Inspection Document, the operator must incorporate these additional age related
structural inspections into its scheduled inspection program.
(g) Required Inspection Items (RII). This area concerns maintenance work which, if
improperly accomplished, could endanger the safe operation of the aircraft. RII
items appear in all elements of the operator's continuous airworthiness maintenance
program. They receive the same consideration regardless of whether or not they are
related to scheduled or unscheduled tasks. The fact that an RII requirement arises
at an awkward time or inconvenient location has no bearing on the need to
accomplish it properly.
(i)
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The operator must designate those items that need to be inspected, and must
develop methods for performing the required inspections. The operator should
include the following in determining what tasks to designate as RII items:
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Installation, rigging, and adjustments of flight controls and surfaces.

Installation and repair of major structural components.
Installation of an aircraft engine, propeller, or rotor and overhaul or
calibration of certain components, such as engines, propellers,
transmissions, and gearboxes, or navigational equipment, the failure of
which would affect the safe operation of the aircraft.
(ii) It is the responsibility of the operator to evaluate the work program and identify
RII items in a suitable manner. The ASI must evaluate the proposed list of RII
items to determine if it is adequate.
(iii) RII item findings are consistently represent a major portion of an inspection. The
following are examples of these findings:
No specific training programs developed for RII personnel.
No authorization list of RII inspectors.
RII items not accomplished.
RIIs performed by unauthorized persons.
Failure to comply with RII procedures.
Contract personnel not properly trained/qualified/authorized.
Lack of proper RII designated items.
Failure to have counterman procedure.
(5)
Special Maintenance/Safety Considerations.

(a) There exists, in transport category aircraft, a potential hazard consisting of fires in
inaccessible areas of the aircraft and the resulting hazards to cabin occupants.
(i)
During original certification of the aircraft, clean or uncontaminated material,

such as insulation blankets, will not readily support combustion. However, after
extended periods of service they have been found to be contaminated with lint,
dirt, oily films, lubricant, fuel, and corrosion inhibitors that are conducive to
ignition by low intensity ignition sources. Low intensity ignition sources can
consist of the following:
Arc tracking of aircraft wiring and/or fluorescent light ballasts.
Arcing light sockets and/or battery ground cables.
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(ii) It is recommended that each Maintenance Inspector review the operator's

continuous airworthiness maintenance program to determine if an effective
quality control procedure is in place that would discover these insulation
breakdowns. In addition, the Inspector should ensure that the program
addresses the periodic inspection of aircraft wiring and the removal of
contaminants, especially in inaccessible areas.
(iii) Inspectors should also be aware of the conditions associated with Kapton
insulation breakdown. Operators should be advised to exercise caution in
exposing the aircraft wiring to the adverse conditions under which they have
control, notably:
Increased strain (tighter wire bends).
Water.
Exposure to high pH content cleaning compounds.
(b) Emergency and floatation equipment. Air carriers are not allowed to deviate from
compliance with the relevant CMM (Component Maintenance Manual), pertaining to
the regular inspection of emergency and floatation equipment. The frequency of
inspection is the interval defined in the air carrier's operation specification controlled
maintenance program.
(i)
Specific guidance on frequency of inspection and life-limits are contained in the

respective manufacturer's maintenance manuals. Most life vest manufacturer's
manuals address the age issue of life preservers. The manuals state that if the
vests are over 10 years old and cannot pass the leakage test or require repair
or replacement parts, that they are non-repairable. If a particular operator is
experiencing failure rates at periods shorter than 10 years, that operator's
inspection interval should be changed to adjust for certain environmental
conditions or unique handling situations.
(ii) ASI's should review their operator's maintenance program to ensure the
effectiveness of the inspection intervals for emergency and floatation equipment
and to ensure regulatory compliance. The ASI should also review the operator's
failure rate to determine if an adjustment to the inspection interval should be
considered.
(c) ASI's should audit the oral and written changeover procedures between arriving
and departing maintenance shifts, required by their applicable manuals, to ensure
that the exact status of all phases of "maintenance in progress" is accurately
transferred between shifts.
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HB 26.04 Procedures
(1)
Review the Operator's Operations Specifications. Review the operator's MME to

determine the applicable maintenance program requirements.
(2)
Review the Operator's Manual System. Ensure that the manual system includes
procedures for accomplishing the following:
(a) Aircraft inspection requirements
(i)
Ensure that the maintenance manual contains detailed instructions for

accomplishing required inspections and checks.
(ii) Compare a scheduled check (lettered, phased, numbered, etc.) work package
to the operations specifications inspection requirements to ensure that all items
are included and are scheduled at the appropriate inspection intervals.
(iii) Sample items identified for inspection/check and ensure that the work packages
have been developed to accomplish these items. The work packages must be
appropriate to the identified maintenance process, e.g. visual inspections,
detailed inspections, functional checks, etc.
NOTE: A "C" check work package is preferred due to its size and complexity
(iv) Ensure that work packages include provisions for the accountability and
recording of these inspection tasks.
(v) Ensure that there are provisions for accountability and recording of non routine
maintenance resulting from the findings of the scheduled inspection.
(b) Scheduled maintenance requirements
(i)
Sample items requiring scheduled maintenance to ensure the following:

Work forms, job cards, and other methods have been developed
Work forms, cards, and/or methods provide detailed instructions and
standards
for
performing
the
scheduled
maintenance,
i.e.
servicing/lubrication tasks, restoration tasks, replacement of parts or
components with hard time limitations, etc.
(ii) Ensure that there are provisions for the accountability and recording of the
following:
Scheduled maintenance tasks
Non routine maintenance resulting from the scheduled maintenance
(c) Unscheduled maintenance requirements
(i)
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Ensure that the operator has procedures, instructions, and standards to

accomplish maintenance that results from inspection findings, operational
malfunctions, abnormal operations (hard landings, lightning strikes, etc.) or
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other indications of the need for maintenance, such as corrective action from
failure analysis.
(ii) Ensure that the operator has procedures for evaluating repair requirements to
properly classify the repair as major or minor.
NOTE: All repairs categorized by the operator, as major requires CAA approved repair data,
unless this repair has been carried out in accordance with the manufacturer approved SRM
Structural Repair Manual.
(iii) Ensure that the operator has provisions for accounting and recording all
unscheduled maintenance activity, i.e. manual sections for handling
unscheduled maintenance activity.
(d) Repair and overhaul of engines, propellers, and appliances
(i)
Ensure that the operator has provided instructions and standards to accomplish
repair and overhaul tasks for those items requiring repair and overhaul.
(ii) Identify and select several aircraft components from the operations
specifications or controlling documents with overhaul requirements. These
components will be used during the on site inspection to ensure that the
operator has repair/overhaul specifications available.
(iii) Ensure that the operator has provisions for certifying and recording the work.
(iv) Document those items selected for future on site inspection.
(e) Structural inspection/airframe overhaul
(i)
Ensure that the operator has instructions and standards for performing
structural inspections and airframe overhauls.
(ii)
Sample selected scheduled structural inspection/airframe overhaul items to

ensure that work forms, job cards, and/or other methods are available for
performing these tasks.
(iii) Ensure that the operator has established provisions for accountability and
recording of these tasks.
(f) Supplemental Structural Inspection Document (SSID) requirements, if applicable
(i)
Ensure that the operator has identified those aircraft required to be included in
the Supplemental Structural Inspection Program. Compare the operator's
aircraft serial numbers with the serial numbers in the Supplemental Structural
Inspection Document to ensure that all required aircraft are included.
(ii) Ensure that the operator has instructions and standards for performing
inspections on those aircraft subject to supplemental structural inspections
identified in the Supplemental Structural Inspection Document.
(iii) Ensure that the operator has provisions for accounting and recording the work.
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(iv) Identify and document any aircraft not being maintained according to the
Supplemental Structural Inspection Document requirements.
(g) Required Inspection Item (RII) requirements. Ensure the following:
(i)
That the operator has designated those maintenance tasks requiring additional
inspections (RII inspections)
(ii) That the operator has developed procedures to meet the certification, training,
qualification, and authorization requirements for RII personnel
(iii) That the operator has procedures for ensuring the accomplishment of RII items
(iv) That the operator has procedures for the buy back of items that failed the RII
inspection and require re inspection after additional corrective action
(v) That the operator has procedures and standards for accepting or rejecting RII
items
(vi) That the operator has procedures that prevent any person who performs an
item of work from performing a RII inspection of that work
(vii) That the operator has procedures for ensuring that the persons performing RII
inspections are under the control and supervision of the inspection unit
(viii) That the operator has procedures for ensuring a current list of RII inspectors is
maintained, including all names, occupational titles, and inspections they are
authorized to perform
(ix) That the operator has procedures to prevent any inspector's decision regarding
a required inspection from being countermanded. Exceptions include
supervisory personnel of the inspection unit or a person at the level of
administrative control that has overall responsibility for the management of the
required inspection function and other maintenance.
(x) That the operator has shift change procedures for RII items to include
designating the individual responsible for briefing the arriving shift's supervisors
and personnel of the exact status of maintenance in progress. These
procedures must also include accounting for the in-progress maintenance
status in the operator's work packages.
(3)
Perform Inspections at the Operator's Facility. From the components selected during
the review of the repair/overhaul requirements, accomplish the following:
(a) Ensure that the shop performing the repair/overhaul of these components has the
overhaul manual available. Review this manual to ensure the following:
(i)
The manual is appropriate to the make and model of the components being
repaired/overhauled
(ii) The manual is part of the operator's manual system

(iii) The manual is current. For manufacturer's manuals, contact the manufacturer to
verify the date and contents of last revision.
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(iv) Special tool/test equipment requirements are appropriate to the work being
accomplished
(b) Ensure that the shops have the specialized tools/test equipment as required by the
manuals
(c) Determine if personnel are properly trained to perform the maintenance by
reviewing the training records. These records may be found in the shop or in other
locations established by the operator.
(d) Ensure that the operator's procedures for approval for return to service and any
other record keeping requirements are being followed
NOTE: If any discrepancies are noted in any of the above procedures, notify the appropriate
supervisory/management personnel to initiate corrective action.
(e) Ensure that the operator has procedures that designate the individual responsible
for briefing the arriving shift's supervisors and personnel of the exact status of
maintenance in progress. These procedures must also include accounting for the inprogress maintenance status in the operator's work packages.
(4)
Coordinate Findings. Due to the seriousness of any finding from this job task, the ASI
must discuss any deficiencies with the appropriate CAA supervisory personnel to verify
the inspection findings.
HB 26.05 Task outcome

File Transmittal Form
(1)
Completion of this task may result in the following, as applicable:

(i)
(2)
A follow up letter informing the operator of all inspection findings and corrective
actions, as required
Document Task. File all supporting paperwork in the operator's office file.
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CHAPTER 27
MONITOR CONTINUING ANALYSIS AND SURVEILLANCE
REVISION
HB 27.01 Objective.
This chapter provides guidance for monitoring a continuing analysis/surveillance program
and for evaluating the overall effectiveness of the continuous airworthiness maintenance
program.
HB 27.02 General
Some operators with approved reliability programs use the reliability program to fulfill the
monitoring mechanical performance functions requirement of its continuing analysis and
surveillance program. Since both reliability programs and continuing analysis and
surveillance programs require data collection, data analysis, and corrective action
requirements, a duplication of operational data would occur.
HB 27.03 Initiation and planning
(1)
Initiation. This task is scheduled as part of the work program. Additional inspections are
initiated by national, regional, or district office special requirements. When given this
assignment, the inspector must review current THE STATE Aviation Regulations
requirements and CAA policy.
(2)
Planning.
(a) Program requirements.
(i)
The program must contain a system that determines the effectiveness of the
maintenance and inspection programs and provides for timely corrective action
of any deficiencies in the maintenance/inspection programs. This system must
be identified in a chapter of the operator's maintenance manual and must
reference Part VII.09.2.
(ii) Any portions of the program not contained in this chapter of the manual must be
referenced to their exact location. For example, an approved reliability program
must be referenced in the Program if it is used to fulfill the mechanical
monitoring function of the program.
(b) Operator size. The complexity and sophistication of the Program should be relative
to the operator's operation. A small operator should not be expected to have a
program suitable for a large operator; however, all programs must have, as a
minimum, monitoring mechanical performance and audit functions. Procedures for
administering these two functions must be identified in the operator's manual.
(c) Monitor mechanical performance function. This function must provide for collecting
and analyzing operational data. The intent here is to identify deficiencies that require
corrective action. This monitoring is done through emergency response, day to day
monitoring, and long term monitoring.
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(i)
Emergency responding. Emergency responding includes identifying

emergency/critical situations, determining causes, and formulating a plan to
ensure that similar conditions do not exist in like equipment. Typical examples
of emergency/critical situations include:
In-flight engine separations.
In-flight propeller separations.
Uncontained engine failures.
Critical structural failures.
Any life-limited part failure.
(ii) Day to day monitoring. Normally, large operators conduct daily meetings to
discuss morning launch delays and activities of the previous day. Smaller
operators conduct these meetings at less frequent intervals. Items typically
discussed include:
Daily mechanical problems of each aircraft.
Unavailability of spare parts.
Inadequate manpower to perform maintenance.
Deferred maintenance items - excessive number and time.
Safety related failures.
Recurring maintenance problems.
Excessive unscheduled maintenance.
Maintenance delays/cancellations.
Scheduled inspection results, including sufficient time to complete the
check,
unusual/critical
findings,
recurring
problems,
and
parts/equipment/manpower availability.
(iii) Long term monitoring. This system should include charting or some appropriate
means of reporting and accounting operational data at specified intervals to
reveal trend related information. Typical examples of operational data used by
the operator to monitor mechanical performance are:
Pilot reports compiled by Air Transportation Association (ATA-100) code.
Inspection findings compiled by Air Transportation Association code.
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Failure rates compiled by ATA-100 code.

Teardown reports.
Premature removal rates (includes engines).
Engine shutdown rates.
Confirmed failure rates.
Deferred Minimum Equipment List (MEL) items.
Mechanical Interruption Summaries (MIS)
Mechanical Reliability Reports (MRR)
(d) Audit functions.
(i)
Auditing is normally on the scene observation and should be a scheduled,

ongoing activity encompassing periodic audits of contract agencies. The audit
also addresses adequacy of equipment and facilities, storage and protection of
parts, competency of mechanics, and housekeeping.
(ii) To be effective, audits should be separate from the maintenance organization. If

audits are assigned to organizational units with other duties, the audit should be
accomplished as an independent activity. Under no conditions may an
organizational unit perform an audit on itself. Typical audit functions ensure that:
All publications and work forms are current and readily available to the
user.
Maintenance is performed according to the methods, standards and
techniques specified in the operator's manuals.
Maintenance forms are screened for completeness, proper entries, and
Required Inspection Item identification.
Major repairs/alterations are properly classified and accomplished with
approved data.
Records of all applicable Airworthiness Directives contain current status
and method of compliance.
Airworthiness releases are executed by designated persons and according
to procedures specified in the operator's manuals.
Records reveal current status of life-limited parts.
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The training program syllabus is being followed.

Carryover items and deferred maintenance are properly handled.
Vendors are properly authorized, qualified, staffed, and equipped to do the
contractor function according to the operator's manual.
(e) Use of contractors. When the operator contracts with another operator and/or repair
station for maintenance support, the operator is still responsible for continuing
analysis and surveillance requirements. The responsibility for administering or
controlling a continuing analysis and surveillance program can never be contracted
out. However, contract organizations may be used to collect operational data, make
analyses and recommendations, perform audits, and report information to be used
by the operator in identifying deficiencies and implementing corrective action.
(f) Scheduling inspection. Normally, this inspection will be coordinated verbally with
responsible persons of the operator. If responsible persons are not available on the
agreed-upon date, reschedule the inspection with the operator and notify the
operator in writing to confirm the date.
(1)
Review Office Files. Review the historical data of the program to include the following:
(a) The history of past inspections.
(b) The Enforcement Investigative System (EIS).
(c) The previous six months' Mechanical Reliability Reports (MRRs).
(d) Mechanical Interruption Summaries (MISs).
(e) Engine Utilization Reports (EIRs).
(f) Any other operational data that might indicate negative trends in the
maintenance/inspection program.
(2)
Collect Items To Be Used During Inspection. Note and collect the following:
(a) Samples of any negative trends in previous six month's Mechanical Reliability
Reports, Mechanical Interruption Summaries, and Engine Utilization Reports.
(b) Samples of negative trends in operational data that has been identified by the
operator in previous reports.
(c) Reports of all emergency/critical situations during the previous twelve months.
(d) Samples of records from the day to day monitoring meetings in which corrective
actions were deemed necessary.
(e) Negative trends in the maintenance/inspection program noted during routine
surveillance that have not been detected by the continuing analysis/surveillance
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program. Examples of situations indicating negative trends include increases in the

following:
(i)
Aircraft delays.
(ii) Premature removal rates.

(iii) The number of engine shutdown rates.
(iv) Number of short term escalations.
(v) Deferred maintenance (Minimum Equipment List) items and length of time
items remain deferred.
(vi) Repeat pilot reports.
(3)
Review the Operator's Manual. Before making the on site inspection, obtain the
operator's maintenance procedures manual and review the continuing analysis and
surveillance program. It is vital that the inspector obtain precise knowledge of the
operator's programs, concepts, and how the program is administered. While reviewing
the manual to ensure it complies with the THE STATE Aviation Regulations, and before
making the inspection, note any unclear areas, obvious omissions, or apparent
discrepancies.
(a) Review the operator's program as described in the manual. Ensure that it contains
policies and procedures for determining the effectiveness of the
maintenance/inspection program and for corrective action of any deficiencies in
those programs as required ANR Part VIII.09.2.
(b) Ensure that the manual contains procedures for administering the continuing
analysis and surveillance program that are clear and easy to understand.
(c) Ensure that the operator's manual describes a systematic method of reviewing
operational
data.
It
should
determine
the
effectiveness
of
the
maintenance/inspection program through:
(i)
Emergency responding.
(ii) Day to day monitoring.

(iii) Long term monitoring.
(d) Emergency responding. The manual must include procedures for responding to
critical and/or emergency safety related situations. Review the manual procedures
to ensure:
(i)
Critical/emergency situations are defined.
(ii) Procedures exist for the notification/coordination process.

(iii) Procedures exist for determining if similar situations exist on other aircraft.
(iv) Procedures are used to implement corrective action.
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(v) Procedures define how the CAA is notified.

(e) Day to day monitoring. Ensure that the manual contains procedures for conducting
periodic meetings with required personnel to discuss mechanical performance and
identify the need for corrective action. Procedures must include:
(i)
What items are discussed.
(ii) When meetings are conducted.

(iii) Who attends meetings.
(iv) How records of these meetings are forwarded to the CAA.
(f) Long term monitoring: data collection. Determine how the operator is monitoring
the mechanical performance function of the program. This monitoring should
include, at a minimum:
(i)
What operational data the operator is using.
(ii) What forms are used to collect the data.

(iii) Who is responsible for compiling the data.
(iv) When and how often the data is collected.
(g) Long term monitoring: data analysis. Ensure the manual has procedures for
analyzing operational data. The procedures must include:
(i)
When the analysis is to be performed.
(ii) Who is responsible for performing the initial analysis.

(iii) What conditions, based on performance standards, warrant corrective action.
(iv) Who is responsible for performing further analysis and making a corrective
action recommendation.
(h) Ensure the manual has procedures for taking corrective action based on the data
analysis. The procedures must describe:
(i)
Who has responsibility for implementing corrective action.
(ii) When the corrective action will be implemented.

(iii) How the corrective action will be phased into the maintenance program.
NOTE: Some operators fulfill this long term monitoring function through their approved
reliability programs.
(i) Ensure that the operator's manual contains audit functions. Review the manual.
(i)
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The procedures must provide a continuous audit of the total maintenance

program, including contract agencies. The procedures must state:
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Who is responsible for performing audits (normally, an independent

agency that is assigned to the quality assurance/inspection department).
What is being audited (e.g. manuals, maintenance, record entries,
Required Inspection Items (RII), training, airworthiness releases, deferred
maintenance, vendors, etc.).
When the audits are performed.
How the audits are documented.
How records are retained.
(ii) Procedures for analyzing audit functions must include the following:
Analyzing each audit to identify deficiencies.
Initiating corrective action for each deficiency.
Providing for on the spot corrective action, if appropriate.
Providing for further analysis to determine system breakdown.
Establishing qualifications of persons performing analysis.
Recording audit findings and subsequent actions.
(iii) Procedures must contain corrective action, to include:
Timely implementation of corrective action from the data analysis.
Follow up to determine effectiveness of the corrective action.
(4)
Document Findings of Review Prior To On Site Inspection. Document preliminary

findings found during the office and manual review and discuss them with the principal
inspector/supervisor. Determine with the principal inspector/supervisor those inspection
findings that must be brought to the attention of the operator during the initial meeting.
These findings will be used in determining the overall effectiveness of the program.
(5)
Schedule Inspection. Schedule inspection with the operator. Coordinate the inspection
with the operator to determine when the operator's personnel will be available and
agree upon a time for the inspection. Arrange to attend a periodic meeting.
(6)
Meet With the Operator. Contact the person who has overall responsibility for the
program and discuss:
The nature and scope of the inspection.
Negative trends discovered during manual and office review.
Organizational elements responsible for administering the program, including
identifying personnel.
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(7)
Verify Currency of Operator's Manual. Ensure that the organizational person

responsible for the continuing analysis and surveillance program has the current
manuals. This can be done by comparing the effective dates or revision dates of the
master copy of the manual held by the operator with the manual held by the
responsible person.
(8)
Determine If Staffing Equals That Described in the Operator's Manual. Compare the
current organization to the organization described in the manual. Document any
differences in staffing. These differences will be used in the final analysis in
determining the effectiveness of the continuing analysis and surveillance program.
(9)
Ensure Manual Is Readily Available to Personnel. Determine that each organizational

element responsible for administering the program has a current copy of the manual
available.
(10) Inspect Operator System To Monitor Mechanical Performance. During the inspection,
document and photocopy any instances in which the operator did not follow the
procedures identified in the manual by inspecting the following areas:
(a) Emergency responding. Using the previous year's reports of emergency actions
gathered during the office review, determine:
(i)
Manual procedures were followed to ensure similar situations did or did not
exist on other aircraft.
(ii) Fault analysis was accomplished for each situation.

(iii) Any corrective action established was implemented and effective.
(b) Day to day monitoring
(i)
Establish that periodic meetings are occurring as defined in the manual.
(ii) Attend a periodic meeting to determine that daily mechanical problems are
being discussed and that the appropriate personnel are attending.
(iii) Using day to day monitoring records collected during office review, determine
that when the need for corrective action was recognized, whether:
The problem was assigned to appropriate personnel.
The plan for corrective action was established, implemented, and
effective.
(c) Long term monitoring.
(i)
Data collection. Compare the manual procedures with the actual data
collection. Ensure the following is being accomplished according to the
manual:
All operational data was collected and was entered on the appropriate
forms.
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The appropriate persons compiled the data.

The data was collected at the specified times.
(ii) Data analysis. Determine that data analysis is being performed in accordance
with manual procedures by comparing the manual procedures to actual
performance. Ensure that:
Operational data was analyzed to identify items exceeding performance
standards, indicating negative trends.
These items were further analyzed to identify cause by using the sample of
negative trends reported by the operator and collected during the planning
of the inspection.
Initial and further analysis was performed by trained, competent, qualified
personnel.
Audit functions are accomplished when analysis has identified the need.
The need for corrective action was determined.
(iii) Corrective action. Use the same sample of the negative trends used in the
data analysis to ensure that a corrective action plan was established and
implemented for those items requiring corrective action. Continue to follow
those items through the corrective action process.
Determine if the plan required changes to the maintenance/inspection
program
Ensure that these changes were implemented
Review operational data to ensure the corrective action was effective in
reversing the negative trend.
(iv) Document all findings indicating that manual procedures were not followed.
These findings will be used in determining the overall effectiveness of the
continuing analysis and surveillance program.
(11) Inspect the Operator System to Audit the Maintenance Program. Document and
photocopy any instances in which the operator did not follow the procedures identified
in the manual. Contact the responsible person to determine what audits were
accomplished in the past 12 months.
(a) Inspect audit functions by accomplishing the following:
(i)
Sample a cross section of audit requirements identified in the manual and

have the operator provide records of audit completion.
(ii) Review the audit completion records to determine scope and detail of
inspection.
(iii) Verify results of audit by performing spot check of audited facility.
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(iv) Verify that audits were performed within specified time periods.
(v) Determine that persons who performed the audits have experience and
expertise in the areas audited.
(vi) Determine that audit functions triggered by analysis are accomplished.
(vii) Discuss any other areas of concern found during surveillance that was not
noted through the audit system.
(b) Analyze audit findings. Determine if operator has performed analysis of audits.
Using samples collected from audit records provided by the operator, determine
the following:
(i)
Analysis of each audit was accomplished to identify deficiencies.
(ii) On the spot and system corrective actions were implemented to correct
deficiencies.
(iii) Personnel performing audit had necessary experience and expertise.
(iv) Corrective action. Using the same samples:
(v) Determine that the operator has implemented corrective action.
(vi) Perform an on site inspection to ensure that the corrective action was
implemented and timely.
(vii) Determine the effectiveness of corrective action by ensuring that similar
deficiencies no longer exist.
(c) Document all findings indicating that manual procedures were not followed. These
findings will be used in determining the overall effectiveness of the program.
(12) Follow Up Negative Trends Identified During Office and Manual Review.
(a) Contact the person responsible for the negative trend.
(b) Determine whether the trend was significant.
(c) Determine why the trend was not identified by the program.
(d) Ensure that corrective action is initiated.
(e) Document all findings.
(13) Determine Effectiveness of the Program. Combine all inspection findings from the
following to determine program effectiveness, including:
(a) The office and manual review.
(b) On site inspection.
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(c) Inspector identified trends.

(14) Coordination. After assessing the program and before debriefing the operator, consult
with the appropriate CAA supervisory personnel to determine which (if any) findings
require official notification.
(15) Debrief Operator. In the operator's debriefing:
(a) Discuss results of the inspection.
(b) Discuss all discrepancies discovered during the inspection.
(c) Discuss possible corrective action.
(d) Inform the operator that official written notification of findings will follow.
(e) Inform the operator that a plan for timely completing corrective action must be
submitted.
NOTE: Agree with the operator upon time limits for the corrective action plan during the
debriefing. Negotiations over time limits can be done later if mitigating circumstances arise.
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CHAPTER 28
MONITOR APPROVED RELIABILITY PROGRAM
HB 28.01 Objective .
This chapter provides guidance for inspecting approved reliability programs. This inspection
determines the air carrier's continued compliance with operations specifications, the
approved reliability document, and the operator's maintenance procedures manual. The
inspection is intended to ensure that the reliability program is effectively controlling the
HB 28.02 General
(1)
Definitions
(a) Reliability program: A method to realistically and responsibly relate operating
experience to established maintenance controls.
(b) Substantiating data: Records identified in the approved reliability document as
containing information required to support changes in a maintenance program.
(c) Maintenance program: A program that includes inspection, overhaul, replacement
of parts, preventive maintenance, repair and restoration, alterations, maintenance
processes/tasks, and any other function performed by the maintenance/inspection
department.
(2)
An approved reliability program affords the air carrier the authority to revise
maintenance in service time limitations for overhauls, inspections, and checks of
airframes, engines, propellers, components, appliances, and emergency equipment.
The air carrier describes detailed procedures for revising these time limitations in its
program, which is approved by the CAA. CAA surveillance ensures that procedures are
followed and are effective.
HB 28.03 Inspector responsibilities

The CAA principal inspector must be alert at all times for possible noncompliance with the
approved procedures. If it is found that the air carrier has failed to follow approved
procedures, appropriate enforcement action must be taken. The inspector must notify the air
carrier, in writing, that the procedures were not followed and indicate that the maintenance
time limitations revisions are not acceptable.
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HB 28.04 Procedures
(1)
Review the Operations Specifications. Review the operations specification's reliability

program paragraphs to understand the scope, conditions, and limitations of the
authorization. Ensure that the operations specifications include all items controlled by
the reliability program, to include the following:
(i)
All aircraft.
(ii) Engines.
(iii) Systems.
(iv) Components.
(2)
Review Reliability Document.
NOTE: It is recommended the inspector develop a procedural flowchart to gain a better

understanding of how the entire reliability program functions and how the systems interrelate.
It should be used during on site inspections of the reliability program.
(a) Ensure that the reliability document is on file in the district office.
(b) Ensure that the reliability document has procedures for obtaining CAA approval
before changing any of the following:
(i)
Performance standards.
(ii) Data collection system.

(iii) Data analysis system.
(iv) Process(es)/task(s).
(v) Procedures/organization for administering the program.
(vi) Before adding or deleting aircraft or components/systems.
(c) Ensure reliability document includes a glossary of significant terms.
(d) Review the data collection system.
(i)
Determine what operational data is used to measure the mechanical

performance of the programs specified in the reliability document (aircraft,
engines, appliances, systems and components, and/or structure).
Examples include pilot reports, engine utilization, failure rates, shop
findings, and structural inspection findings.
(ii) Identify forms used to collect operational data.

(iii) Determine who has responsibility for compiling the data and routing it to
the responsible person(s) for review.
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(iv) Determine how the air carrier assures operational data is accurate and
factual.
(e) Review the data analysis system.
(i)
Determine who is responsible for analyzing trend related information.

Trend related information is analyzed by comparing data to established
performance standard.
(ii) Determine the criteria for conducting further analysis.

(iii) Determine who will conduct any further analysis for corrective action (i.e.,
quality control or engineering).
(f) Review procedures for instituting corrective action.
(i)
Ensure that the reliability document describes the criteria that requires
further analysis to determine causal factors.
(ii) Ensure that the reliability document describes definitive conditions when
corrective action will take place.
(iii) Determine who implements corrective action.
(iv) Ensure that time limits are set for completing corrective action and that
there is a chain of authority for carrying out the corrective action.
(v) Determine if follow up procedures exist to ensure the corrective action
was effective.
(g) Review performance standards.
(i)
Determine who is responsible for establishing or revising performance

standards.
(ii) Ensure the reliability document contains the methods used to establish
and revise performance standards.
(iii) Determine what periodic review the air carrier has established to ensure
the performance standard remains realistic.
(iv) Review data display and report requirements.
(v) Determine if the reliability document provides for data displays (such as
forms, reports, and graphs) that summarize the previous month's
activities. The report must be in sufficient depth to enable the carrier or the
recipient of the report to evaluate the effectiveness of the total
(vi) Determine whether the reliability document has procedures for reporting
continuing over alert conditions and the status of ongoing corrective
action.
(vii) Review maintenance intervals and process/task change procedures.
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(viii) Identify the organizational element responsible for approving changes to

the maintenance program.
(ix) Ascertain the criteria used to substantiate each revision.
(x) Review method of distributing and implementing changes to the
maintenance program (for example, job cards, shop manuals, etc.).
(xi) Review established escalation limitations.
(xii) Identify established
process/task(s).
procedures
for
changing
the
maintenance
(h) Review reliability program revision procedures.

(i)
Ensure that there are procedures for program revisions and that items
requiring formal CAA approval are clearly identified.
(ii) Review method of distributing changes to the reliability document.

(3)
Review Maintenance Manual Sections Referenced in the Reliability Document.
(4)
Review the District Office Files.

(a) Review substantiating data to support all changes produced by the reliability
program. Ensure that the changed procedures defined in the program are being
followed.
(b) Review previous inspection reports, correspondence, and other documents in the
office files to determine if there are open items or if any areas were identified
requiring special attention.
(c) Check the Enforcement Information Subsystem (EIS) to determine if any areas
require special attention.
(5)
Review the Operator's Reliability Reports. This information may display the current
fleet status, information about any system that has exceeded the performance
standards, and any corrective action.
(a) Ensure the reliability report required by the document has been submitted to the
CAA and reflects all aircraft, engines, systems, and components controlled by the
program. Reports must specify the items exceeding established performance
standards and the corrective action being taken.
(b) Identify trends by reviewing reliability reports for the previous six months.
Determine the effectiveness of the corrective actions. Highlight areas with
decreasing reliability characteristics for follow up during on site inspection.
(c) Review Mechanical Reliability Reports (MRR), Mechanical Interruption Summaries
(MIS), and Engine Utilization Reports if these reports are not included in the
reliability document. Analyze reports for the previous six months to identify trends.
Ensure the reliability program has also identified these trends.
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(6)
Document Findings. After reviewing all air carrier data, and before coordination, ensure
that any confusing areas, obvious omissions, or apparent discrepancies are
documented
NOTE: The operator's reliability document has been approved by the CAA as an effective
means to control the continuous airworthiness maintenance program. If the document is not
in exact compliance with III.IV.08, as amended, it should be noted. However, unless the
reliability program can be proven to be ineffective in controlling the maintenance program, it
should not be considered a discrepancy finding during the inspection.
(7)
Contact the Operator to Schedule an On Site Inspection. Advise the operator of the
scope of the inspection. Confirm the inspection date in writing to ensure the operator's
personnel are available.
(8)
Brief the Operator's Personnel. Advise personnel of the scope and detail of the
inspection.
(9)
Compare Operator's Documents and CAA Copies. Compare operator's operations

specifications and reliability document to the CAA copies to ensure dates and revision
numbers agree.
(10) Evaluate the Organization. Compare the actual organizational structure and personnel
duties and responsibilities with the requirements in the approved reliability document
NOTE: Until all the elements of the reliability program are inspected, the effectiveness of the
organization cannot be determined. Inspection findings may be a direct result of
organizational problems (for example, unqualified personnel or personnel not following
procedures).
(11) Evaluate Effectiveness of Reliability Program.
(a) Data collection system.
(i) Determine if the data collection system in the reliability document is used in day
to day operations and if the data collected is accurate and useful for controlling
the maintenance program.
(ii) Ensure that all necessary data is being collected and reported on the forms
identified in the reliability document.
(iii) Ensure that data collection duties are carried out by the personnel identified in
the reliability document.
(iv) Ensure data is being routed to the proper organizational element for review.
(v) Ensure that data is routed to the proper organizational element in a timely
manner by comparing the operational data's initiation dates, receipt dates, and
final incorporation dates.
(vi) Ensure that data accuracy by comparing original operational data documents to
the information collected by the reliability program. Reliability programs collect
different types of operational data, such as pilot reports by Air Transportation
Association (ATA) chapter, component removal rates by ATA chapter, engine
shutdown rates, etc.
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(vii) Ensure that the data is complete. Compare operational data documents with
the required procedures in the maintenance manual or reliability document.
(viii) Ensure that the data collected is relevant to the maintenance program and can
accurately predict changes to, and determine effectiveness of, the
(b) Analyzed data.
(i)
Review the items identified as exceeding performance standards and requiring

analysis. Determine if the analysis of these items has been accomplished
according to the reliability document.
(ii) Check records to verify the required analysis was performed.

(c) Corrective action system. Corrective action is a result of the data analysis.
Corrective actions usually are accomplished through product improvement,
procedures improvement, time limitation revision, etc. Once authorized, the
corrective action becomes mandatory.
(i)
Determine if an attempt was made to find the cause of all identified areas that
exceeded performance standards. Review records to verify the attempt.
Determine if the attempt was made by the appropriate personnel (for example,
powerplant problems assigned to propulsion engineering.
(ii) If a cause was not identified, determine if the procedures specified in the
reliability document for this situation were followed.
(iii) If the cause was identified, determine if corrective action was initiated in
accordance with the reliability document.
(iv) Ensure the corrective action was performed through the chain of authority
described in the reliability document.
(v) Determine if the persons responsible for executing corrective actions were
notified.
(vi) Determine if the time limits in the reliability document for the completing
corrective action were met.
(vii) Determine if follow up procedures outlined in the reliability document were
followed to ensure corrective actions taken were effective.
NOTE: A corrective action is considered effective if the out of limit condition is brought back
to an acceptable level of performance.
(d) Performance standards system.
(i)
Examine a cross section of performance standards revisions to ensure they

were accomplished according to the reliability document.
(ii) Determine if performance standards were revised by the personnel specified

in the reliability document.
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(iii) Check records to verify performance standards are reviewed periodically.

(iv) Review data display. Identify possible performance standards that are not
responsive or sensitive enough to reflect changes in actual performance. For
example, a data display that shows almost no change could indicate the
performance standards are not sensitive or responsive.
(e) Data display and reports.
(i)
Ensure data displays and reports cited in the reliability report are being used.
(ii) Ensure data displays and reports highlight systems that exceeded the
established performance standards and include proposed corrective actions.
(iii) Determine whether continuing over-alert conditions are carried forward from
previous reports and provide the status of ongoing corrective action.
(f) Maintenance intervals and process/task changes. Review operator's file of all
maintenance program revisions. Select a representative sample to determine
compliance with the revision section of the reliability document.
(i)
Ensure that revisions were authorized by the organizational element identified

in the reliability document.
(ii) Ensure all maintenance program revisions were based on the criteria in the
reliability document and include the specified substantiating data.
(iii) Determine if the air carrier exceeded the escalation limitations in the reliability
document.
(iv) Determine if all required changes to the maintenance program were
distributed and implemented. Review documentation to determine if changes
are distributed and implemented using methods in reliability document.
(g) Reliability program revision system. Ensure formal CAA approval was obtained
before implementing changes to any of the following:
(i)
Performance standards.
(ii) Data collection system.

(iii) Data analysis system.
(iv) Process(es)/task(s).
(v) Procedures/organization concerning program administration.
(vi) Alert-type programs to nonalert programs or vice versa.
(vii) Adding or deleting aircraft, components, or systems.
(12) Review Records and Reports. Determine if records and reports are prepared and
processed in accordance with the reliability document.
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(13) Evaluate Short Term Escalation Program, If Authorized.

(14) Assess Findings. Evaluate inspection findings to get an overall picture of how well the
reliability program controls the maintenance program.
(a) Determine if there has been an increase in any of the following:
(i)
Aircraft delays.
(ii) Premature component removal rates.

(iii) The engine shut down rates.
(iv) Inspection scheduling adjustments (short term escalations).
(v) Deferred maintenance or minimum equipment list items.
(vi) Pilot reports.
(vii) Aircraft inspection findings.
NOTE: If any of the above circumstances are present, it could indicate the reliability program
is not properly controlling the maintenance program.
(b) If there is a problem with the reliability program based on inspection findings or any
of the above circumstances, accomplish the following:
(i)
Determine if the deficiencies were a result of the organizational structure, lines

of authority, staffing, personnel qualifications, or other problems related to the
organization.
(ii) Determine if deficiencies were due to incomplete or ineffective methods and/or

procedures in the overall program.
(c) Identify findings that are contrary to the approved reliability program.
(d) Identify all findings that are in compliance with the document but are still not
producing satisfactory results.
(15) Debrief Operator.
(a) Meet with operator to discuss discrepancies discovered during the inspection.
(b) Agree to corrective action to be taken by the operator. Advise the operator that a
plan, including a schedule, must be submitted for completing the corrective action.
If mitigating circumstances arise, the schedule can be renegotiated.
(16) Process Enforcement Action. Inspectors must be alert at all times for possible
noncompliance with the approved procedures. If it is found that the air carrier failed to
follow approved procedures, appropriate enforcement action must be taken.
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CHAPTER 29
FLIGHT MANUALS - APPROVAL AND AMENDMENTS
HB 29.01 General
This chapter specifies the procedures for approval of Aircraft Flight Manuals and their
amendments
HB 29.02 Definition : AFM

A Manual , considered as a part of the Certificate of Airworthiness containing limitations
within which the aircraft is to be considered airworthy and instructions and information
necessary to the flight crew members for the safe operation of the aircraft.
HB 29.03 Certificate of airworthiness

A Certificate issued in respect of an aircraft in pursuance of Air Navigation Regulation
implying compliance with minimum standards of airworthiness as acceptable to the Director
General of Civil Aviation Authority.
The AFM is attached to the C of A.
HB 29.04 Application
(a) Instructions contained in this Handbook shall be applicable wherever the operation
of aircraft is governed by the approved Flight Manual, by a specific mention in the
Type Certificate and/or Certificate of Airworthiness.
(b) The Certificate of Airworthiness in respect of an aircraft, operation which is
required to be governed by the Flight Manual, is endorsed with the remarks that
the aircraft shall be operated in accordance with the approved Flight Manual. This
would imply that an approved Flight Manual shall be available to the crew
members in the flight deck at all time and shall constitute a part of the C of A of the
particular aircraft.
HB 29.05 Format of the AFM
The manual should contain in general the following:Section (1)
Section (2)
Section (3)
Section (4)
Section (5)
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General
Limitations
Emergency Procedures
Normal Procedures
Performance
Appendices
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Each section of the manual should be pre-faced by a table of contents. Each section
should have a divider card and tab. The divider card and tab in the section dealing
Emergency procedures should be Red in colour. The pages should be numbered serially
and the first page of each section will be numbered 1.
(a) AMENDMENT PROCEDURE

An amendment should be effected by means of inspection of new pages and
where applicable by removal of existing pages.
(b) AMENDMENT RECORD:There must be amendment record indicating the revision number, date of
inspection with the signature of the person carrying out the amendment. It should
have a column for remarks. Detailed guidance for the preparation of manual is
given in ICAO airworthiness Technical Manual Part 111, Section (9) Chapter 11.
(Doc. No. 9051 -AN/896).
HB 29.06 Preparation of the AFM
The responsibility for the preparation of the Flight Manual shall rest with the manufacturer of
the Aircraft. It shall be submitted for approval at the time Type Certification of aircraft/issue of
C of A.
Subsequently, if an amendment to the approved Flight Manual is necessitated, on the basis
of operational experience or on the basis of tests conducted by the manufacturer or as
required by CAA the same shall be prepared by the manufacturer who will seek approval of
the Airworthiness Authority.
All amendments to the Flight Manual shall be distributed by the manufacturer to all the
owners/operators of the type of aircraft and to CAA.
HB 29.07 Procedure for approval of AFM

For imported aircraft, the Flight Manual and amendments thereto issued by the country of
manufacture, as approved by the Airworthiness Authority of the country, shall be deemed to
have been approved by the Director General of Civil Aviation Authority.
Any amendments, other than referred to above, which an operator of an aircraft may
consider to be necessary, based on the operational experience or as a result of changes
brought about by subsequent incorporation of modification shall require prior to approval of
the Director General of Civil Aviation Authority and shall be forwarded to CAA. Such
amendments shall be kept in the Flight Manual, after approval, as appendices to the Manual,
and the list of appendices shall also be reflected in the "Contents" page of the Manual.
All amendments incorporated in the Flight Manual of an imported aircraft shall be animated
to CAA (attention Director of Airworthiness without delay).
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In case the operator has any genuine difficulty in following the requirements of an
amendment, he shall notify the same to the CAA immediately on the receipt of the
amendment and pending CAA's decision, the amendments may not be incorporated.
HB 29.08 Up-keep of AFM
It shall be the responsibility of owner/operator to keep the flight manual up-to-date. He should
make arrangements with manufacturers for supply of amendments. Flight Manual is part of
Certificate of Airworthiness and in case it is not amended up-to-date, the C of A would cease
to be valid.
Operator must designate persons who would be responsible for its up-keep. A Certificate
must be submitted to the CAA at the time of C of A renewal that flight manual is up-to-date
indicating the latest revision incorporated in respect of particular aircraft Flight Manual.
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Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

HB.03.05 Inspections to be carried out by the inspector of the CAA: ................................26

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

Application for an export airworthiness approval ...............................................42

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

HB.00.02 Training and accreditation of inspecting staff

All Inspectors must, before appointment, successfully complete the required

The Authority must retain a record of all training undertaken by Inspectors

Accreditation of Inspecting Staff

Upon appointment, an Inspector will be issued with a pass or document which

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

IN CASE A DISAGREEMENT REMAINS AFTER THIS CONSULTATION,

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

Duties of the CAA

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

HB.01.04 Application for validation of the TC.

Procedure for determination of applicable requirements

the airworthiness design standards;

(ii) the effective date of such standards;

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

HB.01.06 Validating the TC type certificate - The Validation Process

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

Phase III - Determining CAA involvement

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

Documents requiring Approval

Documents associated with Aircraft Type Validation

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

The documents containing Airworthiness Limitations and Certification

Documents associated with Engine Type Validation

Documents associated with Propeller Type Certification/Validation

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

HB.01.08 Form of the validation of a TC

A validation of a TC shall be valid until it is surrendered by the holder thereof, or is

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

HB.02.03 Application for the validation of a C of A

the appropriate records, documents and manuals mentioned in paragraph HB

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

(b) all documents to be presented in procedure HB 03.03 for the issuance of a

HB.02.05 Inspections to be carried out by the inspector of the CAA:

HB 02.06 Retention of documents:

HB 02.07 Continuing airworthiness

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

Such document shall remain attached to the original C of A.

A Certificate of Airworthiness validated by the CAA shall be delivered for a period of

The holder of a Validated C of A which is suspended or cancelled, shall surrender the

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

No certificate of airworthiness will be issued except in accordance with the

The categories of certificates of airworthiness are (a) validated certificate of airworthiness;

Standard certificate of airworthiness is a certificate of airworthiness issued for aircraft

Special flight permits.

HB.03.04 Application for a certificate of airworthiness

Airworthiness Inspector Handbook

the certificate of airworthiness issued by the State of previous registry,

Operation Manual or Flight Manual