4.

8
I1

I2

V1

V2

V1 Z11 Z12 I1
=

V2 Z 21 Z 22 I 2
port-2 open I 2 = 0 V1 = Z11 I1
V
with Z oc(1) = ( 1 ) I2 =0 = Z11 (as defines)
I1
likewise: Z oc(2) = (

V2
) I =0 = Z 22
I2 1

with port-2 shorted V2 = 0 = Z 21 I1 + Z 22 I 2

V 1 = Z11 I1 + Z12 I 2
= Z11 I1 + Z12 (

Z 21 I1
)
Z 22

V
Z Z
( 1 )v2 =0 = Z11 12 21 = Z sc(1)
I1
Z 22
Z12 Z 21 = ( Z11 Z sc(1) ) Z 22
= ( Z oc(1) Z sc(1) ) Z oc(2)
for reciprocal network Z122 = Z 212 = ( Z oc(1) Z sc(1) ) Z oc( 2)

4.9
I1

I2

V1

20
j 0.4

= ( z)

j4
0.08
20
= j 50
j 0.4
j4
= j 50
Z 22 = Z in(2) (1-open) =
0.08
Z (1) Z 0 j 50 50
V
=
= 190 = j = 1+
S11 = in(1)
Z in + Z 0 j 50 + 50
V1

Z11 = Z in(1) (2-open) =

S 22 =

Z in(2) Z 0 j 50 50
V2
=
=

=
j
Z in(2) + Z 0 j 50 + 50
V2+

V2

4.11
a1

a1'

a2
SA

SB

b1

b1'

b2

'
b1 S11A S12A a1 b1 S11B
= A
; ' = B
A
b2 S21 S22 a2 b2 S 21
b1 S11 S12 a1
' =
'
b2 S 21 S 22 a2
from A-matrix: b2 = S21A a1 + S22A a2

S12B a1 a1' = b2
;
S 22B a2' b1' = a2
'

B-matrix: b1' = a2 = S11B a1' + S12B a 2' = S11B b2 + S12B a 2'

b2 = S 21A a1 + S 22A ( S11B b2 + S12B a 2' )

(1 S22A S11B )b2 = S21A a1 + S22A S12B a 2' equation 1

S 21 is defines as: b2' = S 21a1 (when a2' = 0)

but from B-matrix b2' = S 21B a1' (when a2' = 0)

a1'
b
S 21 = S
= S 21B 2
a1
a1
B
21

from equeation 1: if a2' = 0

S 21 =

S 21B S 21A
1 S 22A S11B

a '2

b2
S 21A
=
a1 1 S 22A S11B

b2'

4.16
0
0.190 0.8 45 0.3 45

0.8 45
0
0
0.445

(S ) =
0.3 45
0
0
0.6 45

0
0.445 0.6 45
0

a) Check

| S

ij

|2 = 1, no lossy

b) Check Sij = S ji , yes

c) S11 = + j 0.1; Return Loss=-20log|S11 |= 20dB
d) S42 = 0.445; Insertion Loss=-20log|0.4 |= 7.96dB
phase = 45
e)a2 = a4 = 0; a3 = b3
a3 = b3 = 0.3 45a1
b1 = 0.190a1 + 0.3 45a3
= 0.190a1 + 0.09 90a1
= 0.1 ja1 0.09 ja1
b1 = 0.01 ja1
b1
= = 0.01 j
a1

4.19
j 0.6
0.3 + j 0.07
S =

j 0.6
0.3 j 0.7

Z = (1 + S ) (1 S ) 1
j 0.6 0.99 45
j 0.6
0.7 j 0.7
(1 S ) =
=

0.7 + j 0.7
j 0.6
0.99 45
j 0.6
j 0.896
0.045 + j1.045

j 0.896
0.045 j1.045