EXERCISE : THE MECHANISM OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS

A. The parts of chloroplast in relation to photosynthesis.

1. During photosynthesis, ..( CO2 ) and .. (H2O)
forms new bonds, generating (C6H12O6) and
releasing .. using light energy which is absorb by
.. in the green parts of plants.
2. Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts :

The chloroplast has double m

The cytoplasm of the chloroplasts is called s.

The d r. of photosynthesis takes place in the stroma

Chloroplasts contain membranous structures which piled in stacks

called g. (singular : granum)

Grana contain the light-trapping pigment called c .

Chlorophyll is the most abundant photosynthetic pigment in plants.

B. The light reaction and dark reaction of photosynthesis.

Photosynthesis
Two stages
Light reaction

Dark reaction

Light energy
24H+
24 H20

Photolysis of water

6CO2 + 24H

24OH24H+ +
24OH24OH

24e

Calvin cycle / Reduction of carbon

dioxide.

24 H
24OH +

C6H12O6 + 6H20

24e

12H20 + 6O2
1

Chemical equation of photosynthesis

Explain of photosynthesis stages

1. Takes place in g..

1. Takes place in s

2. C................... captures light

energy which excites the electrons
of chlorophyll molecules to higher
energy levels

2. Do not require l e
3. The h. a
are used to fix carbon dioxide in a
series of reactions catalysed by
photosynthetic enzymes and
caused the reduction of carbon
dioxide into g.

3. In the excited state, the e...

can leave the chlorophyll molecules.
4. Light energy is also used to split
water molecules into .
and

4. The glucose monomers then

undergo condensation to form
s which is temporarily
stored as starch grains in the
chloroplasts.

5. The hydrogen ions then combined

with the electrons released by
chlorophyll to form h
a
6. The energy from the excited
electrons is used to form energyrich molecules of
(ATP)
7. Hydroxyl ion loses an electron to
form a h g
This electron is then received by
c.. . The hydroxyl
groups then combined to form
w. . and gas .