Huawei - LTE System Overview

LTE System
Overview
www.huawei.com
Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Describe LTE development and features
Outline LTE network architecture
Explain LTE key technologies
Describe LTE protocol and channel
Describe LTE deployment
Page2
Contents
1. LTE System Overview
2. LTE Key Technologies

3. LTE Protocol and Channels
4. LTE Deployment
Page3
Contents

4. LTE Deployment
Page4
Contents
1.1 LTE Development
1.2 LTE Network Architecture
1.3 LTE Operating Bands and Channel Bandwidths
Page5
3G Long Term Evolution--LTE

DL: ~141Mbps
UL: ~50Mbps
~150 ms
LTE in R8
DL: ~42Mbps
UL: ~11Mbps
~100 ms
HSPA+ in R7/R8
DL: ~14.4Mbps
UL: ~5.76Mbps
HSPA in R5/R6
~70 ms
DL: ~384Kbps
UL: ~384Kbps
~45 ms
DL: ~144-360Kbps
UL: ~144-360Kbps
3G-WCDMA in
R99/R4
~20ms
GPRS/EDGE
Year 2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012 or later
LTE is the next step in the evolution of 3GPP Radio Interfaces to deliver Global
Mobile Broadband.
Page6
Drivers for LTE
There are at least three major key drivers for LTE mobile
broadband networks:
Demand for higher data-rates
increasing device capabilities, growing mobile data consumption
New spectrum allocation
Maintaining operator profitability while continued cost reduction and

competitiveness.
Page7
Contents
1.1 LTE Development
Page8
LTE Network Architecture
E-UTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access

Network)
Page9
LTE/SAE Network Architecture - cont.

SAE
SGSN
EPS (Evolved Packet System)
Gb
GPRS
BTS
BSC/PCU
Control plane
User plane
Iu
S3
S6d
HSS
PCRF
S6a
S10
S9
UMTS
NodeB
MME
RNC
S12
Operator Service
Network
S4
Gx
S11
S1-MME
S5/8
S1-U
E-UTRAN
eNodeB
Serving GW
A10/A11
SGi
PDN GW
Corporate
Internet
S2a
cdma2000
BTS
BSC
PDSN
Internet
Page10
Contents
1.1 LTE Development
Page11
LTE Operating Bands
LTE supports both FDD mode and TDD mode.
3GPP defines many bands for LTE.
Page12
LTE Channel Bandwidths
LTE must support the international wireless market and

regional spectrum regulations and spectrum availability. To
this end the specifications include variable channel
bandwidths selectable from 1.4 to 20 MHz, with subcarrier
spacing of 15 kHz.
Channel bandwidth
BWChannel [MHz]
1.4
10
15
20
Transmission
bandwidth
configuration NRB
15
25
50
75
100
NRB is the number of resource

blocks
Page13
Contents

4. LTE Deployment
Page14
LTE Key Technologies
OFDMA: Orthogonal frequency division multiple access
SC-FDMA: Single carrier-frequency division multiple

access
MIMO: Multiple input multiple output
64QAM
Page15
Multiple access technology in the

downlink: OFDM and OFDMA
OFDMA is used as multiple access technology in downlink.

OFDMA is a variant of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
(OFDM), a digital multi-carrier modulation scheme.
OFDM signal represented in frequency and time

Page16
Multiple access technology in the

downlink: OFDM and OFDMA (cont.)
OFMDA incorporates elements of time division multiple access

(TDMA).
Page17
Downlink OFDM Implementation
s(t)
S/P
IFFT
Add
Cyclic
Prefix
P/S
Transmitter
Channel
n(t)
Receiver
r(t)
P/S
FFT
Remove
Cyclic
Prefix
S/P
Page18
Downlink OFDM Implementation (cont.)
Page19
Multiple access technology in the uplink:

SC-FDMA
The high peak-to-average ratio (PAR) associated with OFDM led

3GPP to look for a different transmission scheme for the LTE
uplink.
SC-FDMA is used in uplink as multiple access technology.
Page20
Comparison of OFDMA and SC-FDMA
Page21
Overview of MIMO
MIMO: Multiple Input Multiple Output
Transmitter
Wireless
Channel
Channel Condition Feedback
Page22
Receiver
What can MIMO provide?
Here is a example for 2*2 MIMO.

Data Stream 1
Transmitter
Wireless Channel
Receiver
Data Stream 2
Channel Condition Feedback
Page23
LTE Multiple Antenna Scheme
In downlink LTE can use 2*2 or higher order MIMO to increase

date rate.
In uplink MU-MIMO (multi-user MIMO) can be used to double

uplink capacity.
With MU-MIMO the uplink peak data rate of single user can not be
doubled.
Page24
AMC & 64QAM
AMC, Adaptive Modulation and Coding
the radio-link data rate is controlled by adjusting the

modulation scheme and/or the channel coding rate
DL/UL modulations: QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM
Page25
Contents

4. LTE Deployment
Page26
Contents
3. LTE Protocol Stacks and Channels
3.1 LTE Protocol Stacks
3.2 LTE Channels
3.3 LTE Radio Frame
Page27
Functional Split between E-UTRAN and

EPC
eNB
Inter Cell RRM
RB Control
Connection Mobility Cont.
MME
Radio Admission Control
NAS Security
eNB Measurement
Configuration & Provision
Idle State Mobility
Handling
Dynamic Resource
Allocation (Scheduler)
EPS Bearer Control

RRC
PDCP
S-GW
P-GW
RLC
Mobility
Anchoring
MAC
UE IP address
allocation
S1
PHY
Packet Filtering
internet
E-UTRAN
EPC
Page28
Radio Interface Protocol Architecture
Page30
Radio Interface Protocol Architecture (cont.)

UE
eNB
MME
NAS
UE
eNB
NAS
RRC
RRC
PDCP
PDCP
PDCP
PDCP
RLC
RLC
RLC
RLC
MAC
MAC
MAC
MAC
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
User-plane protocol stack
Control-plane protocol stack
Page31
LTE Physical Channel
DL
Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)
Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH)
Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)
Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH)
Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)
Physical Multicast Channel (PMCH)
UL
Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)
Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)
Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)
Page32
LTE Transport Channel
Physical layer transport channels offer information transfer to medium

access control (MAC) and higher layers
DL
Broadcast Channel (BCH)
Downlink Shared Channel (DL-SCH)
Paging Channel (PCH)
Multicast Channel (MCH)
UL
Uplink Shared Channel (UL-SCH)
Random Access Channel (RACH)
Page33
LTE Logical Channel
Logical channels are offered by the MAC layer
Control Channels: Control-plane information
Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH)
Paging Control Channel (PCCH)
Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH)
Multicast Control Channel (MCCH Dedicated Control Channel)
Common Control Channel (CCCH)
Traffic Channels: User-plane information
Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH): transmission of all uplink and nonMBMS downlink user data
Multicast Traffic Channel (MTCH): transmission of MBMS services
Page35
Channel Mappings
Page36
Frame Structure
FDD frame structure
TDD frame structure
Page37
Resource Grid
Page38
Bandwidth Configuration
Page39
Contents

4. LTE Deployment
Page40
LTE Network Composition

LTE
SAE
Page41
LTE Network Transport

eNB
100/1000Base-T, RJ45
100Base-FX/1000Base-X,
SM or MM Fiber, SFPbased connector
IP
MAC
PHY
RNC/BSC
FE/GE
FE/GE
IP/Ethernet
Network
FE/GE o/e
Legacy
2G/3G
FE/GE
SAE GW
/PDN GW
eNB
eN
B
FE/GE
FE/GE
Co-transmission with legacy 2G/3G
Co-transmission for Multi-mode base station
eNB
eNB
FE/GE
eNB
BTS/Node B
FE/GE
FE/GE
eNB Daisy-chaining with integrated IP switching
Page42
eNodeB 3900 Series

eNB
Modularization
1
RRU/RFU
2
BBU
uniNodeB
3
Platform
Modularization
GSM/TD-SCDMA/WCDMA/CDMA/LTE Unified All-IP Base Station Architecture

Using BBU plus RRU and RFU leads to a flexible configuration for Distributed and
Macro.
Multimode
Modularization Supports Different Modes
Page43
Smooth evolution to LTE

GSM / UMTS / HSPA(14.4M/5.76M) /
HSPA+(28M/11.5M)
LTE (100M/50M)
Different band
Same band
Software upgrade
RRU
GSM/HSPA(+)/LTE RRU
LTE RRU
Adding LTE RRU
LTE Card
BBU
Same band
Software upgrade
BBU
Cabinet-based Node B
Different band
GSM/HSPA(+)/LTE RFU
LTE RFU
BBU
Adding LTE RFU
LTE Card
Investment protection while evolving from GSM/UMTS to LTE
Radio units for GSM/UMTS and LTE are inter-changeable in the same frequency band
Baseband boards in multi-mode BBU are inter-changeable between GSM/UMTS and LTE
Page44
Flexible evolution for Cabinet NodeB

UUU
+++
HHH
UMTS/HSPA
rollout
GGG GGG
SSS S S S
MMMMMM
GSM
update/rollout
UMTS&LTE operator
U UU L L L
+++ TTT
H HH E E E
LTE for high speed

mobile broadband
GSM&UMTS operator
UMTS roll out will
reduce GSM
U U U G GG
expansion
+ + + SSS
investment at H H H
MMM
hot spot
UMTS/HSPA + LTE
convergence
LLLLLL
TTTTTT
EEEEEE
Reuse GSM
frequency resource
for LTE
LTE for mobile
broadband
UMTS/HSPA + GSM
GSM for Voice

HSPA/LTE for
Data network
Operator issue
New business
ALL IP service
LTE
G GG L L L
SSS T TT
MMM E E E
Operator issue
New business
ALL IP service
GSM + LTE Data

network convergence
Page45
Summary
Standardization in the form of 3GPP Release 8
Support for both FDD and TDD.
Flexible spectrum allocation (1.4 ~ 20 MHz).
IP-based flat network architecture
Multicarrier-based radio air interface
OFDMA and SC-FDMA
Multi-input multi-output (MIMO)
Adaptive modulation and coding
DL modulations: QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM
UL modulations: QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM
ARQ within RLC sublayer and Hybrid ARQ within MAC sublayer
Page46
LTE Standard Specifications
Freely downloadable from
http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/36_series/
Page47
Thank you
www.huawei.com

Huawei - LTE System Overview

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LTE System

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

Describe LTE development and features

Outline LTE network architecture

Explain LTE key technologies

Describe LTE protocol and channel

Describe LTE deployment

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

2. LTE Key Technologies

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

2. LTE Key Technologies

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

3G Long Term Evolution--LTE

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Drivers for LTE

Demand for higher data-rates

increasing device capabilities, growing mobile data consumption

New spectrum allocation

Maintaining operator profitability while continued cost reduction and

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

LTE Network Architecture

E-UTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

LTE/SAE Network Architecture - cont.

EPS (Evolved Packet System)

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

LTE Operating Bands

LTE supports both FDD mode and TDD mode.

3GPP defines many bands for LTE.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

LTE Channel Bandwidths

LTE must support the international wireless market and

NRB is the number of resource

2. LTE Key Technologies

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

LTE Key Technologies

OFDMA: Orthogonal frequency division multiple access

SC-FDMA: Single carrier-frequency division multiple

MIMO: Multiple input multiple output

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Multiple access technology in the

OFDMA is used as multiple access technology in downlink.

OFDM signal represented in frequency and time

Multiple access technology in the

OFMDA incorporates elements of time division multiple access

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Downlink OFDM Implementation

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Downlink OFDM Implementation (cont.)

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Multiple access technology in the uplink:

The high peak-to-average ratio (PAR) associated with OFDM led

SC-FDMA is used in uplink as multiple access technology.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Comparison of OFDMA and SC-FDMA

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

MIMO: Multiple Input Multiple Output

Channel Condition Feedback

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

What can MIMO provide?