Chemical
Engineering Science
PERGAMON ‘Chemical Engineering Science $4 (1999) 1339-1345
Counter-current operation of structured
catalytically packed distillation columns:
pressure drop, holdup and mixing
J. Ellenberger and R. Krishna
Department of Chemical Engineering, Univesity of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166,
1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
(Correspondence to R. Krishna, fax +31 20 5255604; Email: krishna@chemeng.chem.uva.n)
‘Abstract - Strictared packed columns, in which the catalyst particles are enclosed within wire gauze envelopes
(C’sandwiches”) are promising reactor configurations for reactive distillation and hydroconversions. By allowing
‘referential channels for the gas and liquid phases, countercurrent operation is achieved even for millimeter sized
catalyst particles without the problem of flooding. This paper reports the resulis of a comprehensive experimental
study of the hydrodynamics of structured packed columns of 0.1 and 0.24 m diameter. The pressure drop is found to
increase sharply when the superficial liquid velocity exceeds a certain threshold value. This threshold corresponds 0
the situation in which a maximum flow of liquid in the packed channels is realized and the excess liquid flows
through the “open” channels. The liquid flow in the open channel causes a sharp rise inthe pressure drop. A model
is developed to describe the holdup of liquid in the open channels. With increasing liquid flow rat, the pressure
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