CHEMISTRY & ELEMENTS

20 pts MC + 20 pts Essay

Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. The opposite of vaporization is called

a. condensation.
b. sublimation.

c. evaporation.

2. The amount of space that a gas takes up is its

a. volume.
b. mass.
c. pressure.

d. freezing.
d. density.

____

3. Electrons involved in bonding between atoms are

a. valence electrons.
c. closest to the nucleus.
b. inside the nucleus.
d. positively charged.

____

4. What is the greatest number of valence electrons an atom can have?

a. 2
b. 3
c. 8

d. 12

5. When an atom loses an electron, it becomes a

a. positive ion.
b. negative ion.
c. neutral ion.

d. neutral atom.

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____

6. An ionic bond is the attraction between

a. similarly charged ions.
b. oppositely charged ions.

c. neutral ions.
d. neutral atoms.

____

7. Magnesium bromide is an ionic compound with the chemical formula MgBr 2. What does the 2 tell you?
a. Bromide has a 2 charge.
b. There are two magnesium ions to every bromide ion.
c. There are two bromide ions for every magnesium ion.
d. Bromide has a 2+ charge.

____

8. What is the chemical name for the compound with the formula Na 2S?
a. sodium fluoride
c. lithium oxide
b. magnesium sulfide
d. sodium sulfide

____

9. A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons is called a(n)
a. ionic bond.
b. covalent bond.
c. polyatomic bond. d. crystal bond.

____ 10. Water is polar and oil is nonpolar. What happens when the two liquids are poured into the same container?
a. Both liquids become nonpolar.
c. The liquids mix well.
b. A gas is produced.
d. The liquids do not mix.
____ 11. Carbon is able to bond with atoms of other elements in many different ways because it has
a. six protons.
c. six valence electrons.
b. four electrons.
d. four valence electrons.
____ 12. What is another name for carbon compounds?
a. carbohydrates
c. hydrocarbons
b. fullerenes
d. organic compounds
____ 13. What can you tell about methane (CH4) from its molecular formula?
a. It contains four carbon atoms.
c. It contains four hydrogen atoms.
b. It contains one hydrogen atom.
d. It forms groups of four molecules.

____ 14. Compounds that contain only the elements carbon and hydrogen are called
a. carbon chains.
c. isomers.
b. hydrocarbons.
d. substituted hydrocarbons.
____ 15. Substances that provide the energy and raw materials the human body needs are
a. nutrients.
c. esters.
b. substituted hydrocarbons.
d. unsaturated hydrocarbons.
____ 16. The classes of organic compounds found in all living things are
a. carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
b. simple carbohydrates and hydrocarbons.
c. halogen compounds, alcohols, organic acids, and esters.
____ 17. Collecting waste plastics that can be used as raw material for making new plastic products is an example of
a. substituting.
b. recycling.
c. saturating.
d. compositing.
____ 18. Which organic compound carries information from one generation to the next during reproduction?
a. carbohydrates
b. lipids
c. proteins
d. DNA
____ 19. Most of your bodys fluids are made up of
a. lipids.
b. water.

c. nucleic acids.

d. organic acids.

Short Answer
Use the diagram to answer each question.

20. Which two structures have the same molecular formula? What is the formula?

21.

Which molecule has a ring structure?

CHEMISTRY & ELEMENTS

Answer Section

20 pts MC + 20 pts Essay

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS:
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14. ANS:
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A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
CaPS.3.2.2 Explain what happens to a substance during changes between liquid and gas.
S 8.5.d
BLM: comprehension
A
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
CaPS.3.3.1 List the types of measurements used when working with gases.
S 8.3.e
BLM: knowledge
A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
CaPS.5.1.1 Explain how the reactivity of elements is related to valence electrons in atoms.
S 8.3.a
BLM: comprehension
C
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
CaPS.5.1.2 State what the periodic table tells you about atoms and the properties of elements.
S 8.3.a
BLM: knowledge
A
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
CaPS.5.2.1 Explain how ions form bonds.
STA: S 8.3.a
knowledge
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
CaPS.5.2.1 Explain how ions form bonds.
STA: S 8.3.c
knowledge
C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
CaPS.5.2.2 Explain how the formulas and names of ionic compounds are written.
S 8.3.b
BLM: application
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
CaPS.5.2.2 Explain how the formulas and names of ionic compounds are written.
S 8.3.b
BLM: application
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
CaPS.5.3.1 State what holds covalently bonded atoms together.
S 8.3.b
BLM: knowledge
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
CaPS.5.3.3 Explain how unequal sharing of electrons occurs and how it affects molecules.
S 8.3.b | S 8.7.c
BLM: application
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
CaPS.8.1.1 Describe how carbon is able to form a huge variety of compounds.
S 8.6.a
BLM: knowledge
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
CaPS.8.2.1 Identify some properties of organic compounds.
S 8.6.a
BLM: knowledge
C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
CaPS.8.2.3 Describe the structure and bonding of hydrocarbons.
S 8.6.a
BLM: application
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
CaPS.8.2.3 Describe the structure and bonding of hydrocarbons.
S 8.6.a
BLM: knowledge

15. ANS:
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A
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
CaPS.8.4.1 List the four main classes of organic compounds required by living things.
S 8.6.b
BLM: knowledge
A
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
CaPS.8.4.1 List the four main classes of organic compounds required by living things.
S 8.6.c
BLM: knowledge
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
CaPS.8.3.3 Explain how to help reduce the amount of plastic waste.
S 8.3.c
BLM: knowledge
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
CaPS.8.4.1 List the four main classes of organic compounds required by living things.
S 8.6.b
BLM: comprehension
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
CaPS.8.4.2 Explain why living things need water, vitamins, minerals, and salts.
S 8.6.c
BLM: knowledge

SHORT ANSWER
20. ANS:
A and C; C5H10
PTS: 1
STA: S 8.6.a
21. ANS:
A

DIF: L2
BLM: analysis

OBJ: CaPS.8.2.2 Identify some properties of hydrocarbons.

PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: CaPS.8.1.1 Describe how carbon is able to form a huge variety of compounds.
BLM: analysis