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ASSIGNMENT#1
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BE EE 03 (Yumna Gillani)

ASSIGNMENT#1:

QUESTION:

What do you know about Fourier series?

An infinite series of trigonometric functions which represents an expansion or
approximation of a periodic function.It is a way to represent a function as the sum of
sine waves. Fourier series make use of the orthogonality relationships of the sine
and cosine functions.
The usual Fourier series involving sines and cosines is obtained by taking
and
. Since these functions form a compete orthogonal system over
, the Fourier series of a function
is given by

where

And

, 2, 3, ....

What do you understand from the equation given in previous quiz?

By putting values of n we get different harmonics.As a result of adding all

harmonics we get a square wave.It is called Gibbs phenomenon i.e for continuous
periodic signals, a sufficiently large number of harmonics can be used to
approximate the signal reasonably well. For periodic signals with discontinuities
such as a periodic square wave, even a large number of harmonics will not be

sufficient to reproduce the square wave exactly. This effect is known as Gibbs
phenomenon and it manifests itself in the form of ripples of increasing frequency
and closer to the transitions of the square signal.

It is odd series for n=even f(t) will be zero.The frequency spectrum decreases with
the increase in k.