Group 2 ( Revision set 2 )

Reaction of G2 elements with oxygen

a) Beryllium

b) Magnesium

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~ 2Mg + O2 2MgO

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~ 2Be + O2 2BeO

c) Calcium

~ 2Ca + O2 2CaO

d) Strontium

~ 2Sr + O2 2SrO

e) Barium

~ 2Ba + O2 2BaO

Reaction of G2 elements with water

a) Beryllium

~no reaction ( it has a strong oxide layer which is resistant to water )

b) Magnesium ( only react with steam )

~ Mg + H2O MgO + H2

c) Calcium

~ Ca + 2 H2O Ca(OH)2 + H2

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d) Strontium

~ Sr + 2 H2O Sr (OH)2 + H2

e) Barium
~ Ba + 2 H2O Ba(OH)2 + H2

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Group 2 ( Revision set 2 )

Reaction of oxides of the G2 elements with water
a) Magnesium ( only react slowly with cold water )

b) Calcium
~ CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2

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c) Strontium

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~ MgO + H2O Mg(OH)2

~ SrO + H2O Sr (OH)2

d) Barium

~ BaO + H2O Ba(OH)2

General Equation for thermal decomposition of the nitrate , carbonate and

hydroxide . ( MPM pg 73 )
a) Nitrate

~ 2 M ( NO3) 2 2MO + O2 + 4NO2

b) Carbonate

~ MCO3 MO + CO2

c) Hydroxide

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~ M ( OH )2 MO + H2O

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Group 2 ( Revision set 2 )

Equation for the BeO to show the amphoteric properties
1. ~ Acidic condition : BeO + 2H+ Be + H2O

Equations for Be(OH)2 to show the amphoteric properties

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1. ~ Acidic condition : Be(OH)2 + 2H+ Be2+ + H2O

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2. ~ Alkaline condition : BeO + 2 OH- + H2O [Be( OH )4 ]2-

2. ~ Alkaline condition : Be(OH)2 + 2 OH- [Be( OH )4 ]2-

*Extra !!!!

Why hydrolysis of hydrated Be2+ ion will causes acidity ? ( 4 M )

1. Be2+ ion has a small ionic size .

2. It has a high charge density and high polarizing power .
3. It will polarizes the O-H bond in the water molecule and promotes the
release of H+ ion.
4. The complex of [Be(H2O)4]2+ will acts as Bronsted-Lowry acid
5. H3O+ ion will be produced and causes acidity .

Equation :

[ Be(H2O)3OH]+ + H3O+

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[Be(H2O)4]2+ + H2O

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Group 2 ( Revision set 2 )

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Extra for magnesium nitride ( Mg3N2) *MPM

Answer :

a) (i) ~ There is a higher concentration of nitrogen in the air .

~ The energy used to form the magnesium ion is sufficient to break the triple
bond of N2 .
~ Mg3N2 is easier to be form when magnesium is burnt in the air .

~ 3 Mg + N2 Mg3N2

Mg3N2 + 6 H2O 3 Mg(OH)2 + 2 NH3

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( ii )

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