Chemical Formula Models - Acids, Bases and

Polyatomic Ions
Cl
H
H
H

PO4

NO3

H
H
H
H

SO4

OH

OH

OH

NH3

H
H

Na

CO3
Provided by Ashraf Sir ( 0176 5333 533 )

The Chemical Formula of Acids, Bases and

Polyatomic Ions
1. Acids
particles)
Phosphoric acid
Phosphate ion
Sulfuric acid
Sulfate ion
Carbonic acid
Carbonate ion

3. Ions (charged

PO4
SO4
CO3

4. Chemical Equations
H3PO4
H2SO4

2-

H2CO3

2-

Hydrochloric acid
HCl
+
HCl -> H + Cl
Nitric acid
HNO3
Nitrate ion
NO3
Acetic acid
Acetate ion

3-

CH3COOH
CH3COO

Acids produce hydrogen ions in solution, H

+
H
Hydrogen ion

H PO -> + PO4
+
33H
H SO -> + SO2-4
3
2
+
22H
H2CO3 -> + + CO3
2H

Chloride ion
-

Cl

HNO3 -> + NO- 3

+
H
+
CH3COOH -> CH3COO
+H

2. Alkalis (soluble bases)

Sodium hydroxide
+
NaOH -> Na + OH
Potassium hydroxide
+
KOH -> K + OH

NaOH

Hydroxide ion

OH

KOH

Hydroxide ion

OH

Ammonia
Ammonium ion

NH3

NH4

Bases produce hydroxide ions in solution, OH

Provided by Ashraf Sir ( 0176 5333 533 )

NH3 + H2O -> + OHNH4