UNI

FIGMM

EXAMEN PARCIAL
Fundamentos Metalrgicos II

Esuela de Metalurgia
ME-413R

Mo 3+
MoO4 2-

Mo(s)

0.001
pH=

logK

forma

21.705

MoO4(-2a) + 8H(+a) + 3e- = Mo(+3a) + 4H2O

11.565

MoO4(-2a) + 8H(+a) + 6e- = Mo + 4H2O

4.230

MoO4(-2a) + H(+a) = HMoO4(-a)

8.220

MoO4(-2a) + 2H(+a) = H2MoO4(a)

32.935

MoO4(-2a) + 4H(+a) + 2e- = MoO2 + 2H2O

83.099

LS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
LS
LI

7.2209614E-007 M

-2.4510746806 -7.837149361
MoO4 2-

10

-6.1414049754 Log []
cumple LMP

4; 2
16; -0.23
Mo 3+ 0
-2
0

2; 4.7748338194

MoO2(s)
2

10

12

14

pH

16

-10
a
10.858
-3.9900
4.2300
12.853
14.968
-8.230
-4.380
-5.343
20.775
0

Mo(s)
-15

b
-1
1
-1
-1.5
-2
-4
0
-1
-1
-1

pe
12.8575
6.8675

1_4

0.059157724
pH
Eth
-2
0.76062
3.9900
0.40627

-20

20
6.8675

3.9900
3.9900

1.18315
0.40627

20
6.5075

4.2300
4.2300

1.18315
0.38497

Eth V

6.8675
6.5075

3.9900
4.2300

0.40627
0.38497

1; 1.34731
1.4

H2Mo4

HMo 4 Mo4

4.2300

0.38497

1.0
1; 0.76062

16

-1.00760

0.6

3.99 3_4

-0.23
-4.38

-2
-0.9625

-0.01361
-0.25911

11; 0.38497
10; 0.40627
0.2
MoO
2(s)
16;
3+
4; 0.11832
Mo-0.01361

-4.380
-4.380

-2
-0.9625

-0.25911
-0.25911

19; -0.25911
-0.6

-4.38

-0.9625

-0.25911

-20

14.6575

-1.18315

pe-2

22.77483382

-2

1.34731

6_8

4.774833819

16

0.28247

14.989
4.23

8.89600569344364E-005

22;
-2 -0.25911
-0.2 0

-1.0

2-

4; 1.18315
7; 1.18315

6.5075

10.055

25 C

Mo-H2O

1.8

-17.0325

1_2

14; -17.0325
5; -16
23; -20

1_2
HSC
Log(K)

0.000000089

2-

11; 6.5075
10; 6.8675

pe= a + bpH

pe-2

LMP M

Mo4

22; -4.38
-5
19; -4.38

O2(g) + 4H(+a) + 4e- = 2H2O

H2MoO4(a) + 2H(+a) + 2e- = MoO2 + 2H2O
H2MoO4(a) =H(+a) + HMoO4(-a)
MoO4(-2a) + H(+a) = HMoO4(-a)
HMoO4(-a) + 3H(+a) + 2e- = MoO2 + 2H2O
MoO4(-2a) + 4H(+a) + 2e- = MoO2 + 2H2O
MoO2+4H(+a)+e-=Mo(+3a)+2H2O
Mo(+3a)+3e-=Mo
MoO2+4H(+a)+4e-=Mo+2H2O
O2(g) + 4H(+a) + 4e- = 2H2O
2H(+a)+2e-=H2

4; 20
7; 20

H2Mo4
15
1; 12.8575

0.00007 g/L

-0.145

EC 5

5-c
3-c
5-3
a-5
b-a
b-5
-

0.07 mg/L

7.5

ORP=

logK
24.7150
-3.9900
4.2300
28.7050
32.9350
-11.2300
-10.1400
-21.3700
83.0993
0.0000

-3

Mo-H2O

20

LMP

H2MoO4(a)

25 C

HMo 4 -

pE

HMoO4 -

Mo(s)

2; 0.28247
6

10

12

14

pH

16

5; -0.94652
14;
-1.00760
23; -1.18315

-1.4
-1.8

[C d2+]T OT =

-2
16

0.11832
-0.94652

0 .1 8

Z n (OH )2

0. 8
ZnOH+

Fr a c t i o n

2
-16

[ Z n 2 + ]T O T =

3 .0 5 m M

1. 0 Z n 2+

Z n(O H )3

0. 6

0. 4

0. 2

0. 0
6

10

12
pH

2/VI/09

OSC

Ciclo 2009-I

14

Cd K * H

Cd
logKeq

Reacciones:
H2O // H+ + OH-

-14

MeOH + + H + //Me+2 + H2O

10.08

Me(OH)3 - + H+ // Me+ 2 + H2O

33.03

Me(OH)4-2 + H+ // Me+ 2 + H2O

47.35

Cd2(OH) 3+ + H+ // 2Cd+ 2 + H2O

CdO (s) + H // Cd + H2O

20mg/L de Cd=

pH
0
Cd
Cd
Cd
Cd
Cd

[ MeOH ]

9.39

+2

1
1
* 1

K1 * H
K2 * H

[ Me zi ]
K1 *[ H ] * ......

[ Me OH 3 ]

13.77
112.41
0.01
8.90E-008

P.Atm.(g/mol)
L.M.P.(mg/L)

0.00017792

[ Me zi ]
K 2 * [ H ]3 * ......

[ Me2 OH 3 ]
3

[ Me 2 ]

5.89E-08
9.33E-09
3.72E-11

K3 * H

K5
K4

2 *

* H

zi

[ Me ]
K 4 * [ H ] * ......

[ Me zi ]
......
1.000E-03

2[Cd] T
2[Cd2(OH)+3] [Cd] T
[H +]
[Cd+2]
[CdOH +] [Cd(OH)3 ] [Cd(OH)4 ]
[
]
9.5 3.1623E-010 1.00E+019 1.00E-19 3.16E-10 3.162E+09
1.000E+19
1.000E+00
1.000E+19 1.00000E+038
10.5 3.1623E-011 1.000E+21 1.00E-21 3.16E-11 3.162E+10
1.000E+21
1.000E+00
1.000E+21 1.00000E+042
9.5 3.1623E-010 7.438E-06 5.89E-06 1.55E-06 1.738E-10
2.630E-15
8.934E-11
7.438E-06 1.2630714833

10.5 3.1623E-011 2.155E-07

10.90 1.2589E-011 7.536E-08
12.1 7.9433E-013 7.353E-08

1.55E-07 1.738E-09
6.17E-08 4.365E-09
3.89E-09 6.918E-08

2.630E-13
1.660E-12
4.169E-10

8.934E-14
5.637E-15
1.416E-18

2.155E-07 3.6597860682
7.536E-08 8.0748480533
7.353E-08 1979.020176

2[Cd] T
2[Cd2(OH)+3] [Cd] T
[H +]
[Cd+2]
[CdOH +] [Cd(OH)3 ] [Cd(OH)4 ]
[
]
0
1 2.825E+18 5.89E+13 4.90E+03 5.495E-20
2.630E-34
2.825E+18
2.825E+18 47977.65838
0.5 0.31622777 8.934E+16 5.89E+12 1.55E+03 1.738E-19
2.630E-33
8.934E+16
8.934E+16 15172.551501
1
0.1 2.826E+15 5.89E+11 4.90E+02 5.495E-19
2.630E-32
2.825E+15
2.826E+15 4798.665838
1.5 0.03162278 8.940E+13 5.89E+10 1.55E+02 1.738E-18
2.630E-31
8.934E+13
8.940E+13 1518.1551501
2
0.01 2.831E+12 5.89E+09 4.90E+01 5.495E-18
2.630E-30
2.825E+12
2.831E+12 480.76658381
2.5 0.00316228 8.993E+10 5.89E+08 1.55E+01 1.738E-17
2.630E-29
8.934E+10
8.993E+10 152.71551503
3
0.001 2.884E+09 5.89E+07 4.90E+00 5.495E-17
2.630E-28
2.825E+09
2.884E+09 48.976658464
3.5 0.00031623 9.523E+07 5.89E+06 1.55E+00 1.738E-16
2.630E-27
8.934E+07
9.523E+07 16.171551764
4
0.0001 3.414E+06 5.89E+05 4.90E-01 5.495E-16
2.630E-26
2.825E+06
3.414E+06 5.7976666698
4.5 3.1623E-005 1.482E+05 5.89E+04 1.55E-01 1.738E-15
2.630E-25
8.934E+04
1.482E+05 2.5171577803
5
0.00001 8.714E+03 5.89E+03 4.90E-02 5.495E-15
2.630E-24
2.825E+03
8.714E+03 1.4797749014
5.5 3.1623E-006 6.782E+02 5.89E+02 1.55E-02 1.738E-14
2.630E-23
8.934E+01
6.782E+02 1.1517418177
6
0.000001 6.171E+01 5.89E+01 4.90E-03 5.495E-14
2.630E-22
2.825E+00
6.171E+01 1.0480598348
6.5 3.1623E-007 5.979E+00 5.89E+00 1.55E-03 1.738E-13
2.630E-21
8.934E-02
5.979E+00 1.0154345783
7 0.0000001 5.922E-01 5.89E-01 4.90E-04 5.495E-13
2.630E-20
2.825E-03
5.922E-01 1.0056294296
7.5 3.1623E-008 5.913E-02 5.89E-02 1.55E-04 1.738E-12
2.630E-19
8.934E-05
5.913E-02 1.0041474232
8 0.00000001 5.940E-03 5.89E-03 4.90E-05 5.495E-12
2.630E-18
2.825E-06
5.940E-03 1.0087974052
8.5 3.1623E-009 6.044E-04 5.89E-04 1.55E-05 1.738E-11
2.630E-17
8.934E-08
6.044E-04 1.0264544249
9 1.0000E-009 6.379E-05 5.89E-05 4.90E-06 5.495E-11
2.630E-16
2.825E-09
6.379E-05 1.083225287
9.5 3.1623E-010 7.438E-06 5.89E-06 1.55E-06 1.738E-10
2.630E-15
8.934E-11
7.438E-06 1.2630714833
10
1E-010 1.079E-06 5.89E-07 4.90E-07 5.495E-10
2.630E-14
2.825E-12
1.079E-06 1.8327018677
10.5 3.1623E-011 2.155E-07 5.89E-08 1.55E-07 1.738E-09
2.630E-13
8.934E-14
2.155E-07 3.6597860682
11
1E-011 6.036E-08 5.89E-09 4.90E-08 5.495E-09
2.630E-12
2.825E-15
6.036E-08 10.251339175
11.49060789 3.2314E-012 3.347E-08 6.15E-10 1.58E-08 1.701E-08
2.519E-11
9.532E-17
3.347E-08 54.4391122481
12
1E-012 6.017E-08 5.89E-11 4.90E-09 5.495E-08
2.630E-10
2.825E-18
6.017E-08 1021.8975139
12.5 3.1623E-013 1.780E-07 5.89E-12 1.55E-09 1.738E-07
2.630E-09
8.934E-20
1.780E-07 30222.802658
13
1E-013 5.763E-07 5.89E-13 4.90E-10 5.495E-07
2.630E-08
2.825E-21
5.763E-07 978755.42378
13.5 3.1623E-014 2.001E-06 5.89E-14 1.55E-10 1.738E-06
2.630E-07
8.934E-23
2.001E-06 33981559.456
14
1E-014 8.126E-06 5.89E-15 4.90E-11 5.495E-06
2.630E-06
2.825E-24
8.126E-06 1379946211.6
14.5 3.1623E-015 4.368E-05 5.89E-16 1.55E-11 1.738E-05
2.630E-05
8.934E-26
4.368E-05 74180477785
15
1E-015 3.180E-04 5.89E-17 4.90E-12 5.495E-05
2.630E-04
2.825E-27
3.180E-04 5.40009E+012
15.5 3.1623E-016 2.804E-03 5.89E-18 1.55E-12 1.738E-04
2.630E-03
8.934E-29
2.804E-03 4.76196E+014
16
1E-016 2.685E-02 5.89E-19 4.90E-13 5.495E-04
2.630E-02
2.825E-30
2.685E-02 4.56016E+016
16.5 3.1623E-017 2.648E-01 5.89E-20 1.55E-13 1.738E-03
2.630E-01
8.934E-32
2.648E-01 4.49635E+018
17
1E-017 2.636E+00 5.89E-21 4.90E-14 5.495E-03
2.630E+00
2.825E-33
2.636E+00 4.47617E+020
11.49060789 3.2314E-012 3.347E-08 6.15E-10 1.58E-08 1.701E-08
2.519E-11
9.532E-17
3.347E-08 54.4391122481

pH

LMP
0.000000089 NO CUMPLE

18

0.000000089 NO CUMPLE

pH
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
8
8.5
9
9.5
10
10.5
11
11.5
12
12.5
13
13.5
14
14.5
15
15.5
16
16.5
18

[Cd] T

[H +]
1
0.316227766
0.1
0.0316227766
0.01
0.0031622777
0.001
0.0003162278
0.0001
3.16228E-005
0.00001
3.16228E-006
0.000001
3.16228E-007
0.0000001
3.16228E-008
0.00000001
3.16228E-009
0.000000001
3.16228E-010
1E-010
3.16228E-011
1E-011
3.16228E-012
1E-012
3.16228E-013
1E-013
3.16228E-014
1E-014
3.16228E-015
1E-015
3.16228E-016
1E-016
3.16228E-017
1E-018

2.825E+18
8.934E+16
2.826E+15
8.940E+13
2.831E+12
8.993E+10
2.884E+09
9.523E+07
3.414E+06
1.482E+05
8.714E+03
6.782E+02
6.171E+01
5.979E+00
5.922E-01
5.913E-02
5.940E-03
6.044E-04
6.379E-05
7.438E-06
1.079E-06
2.155E-07
6.036E-08
3.347E-08
6.017E-08
1.780E-07
5.763E-07
2.001E-06
8.126E-06
4.368E-05
3.180E-04
2.804E-03
2.685E-02
2.648E-01
2.636E+00

%[Cd+2]
0.0021%
0.0066%
0.0208%
0.0659%
0.2080%
0.6548%
2.0418%
6.1837%
17.2483%
39.7273%
67.5778%
86.8250%
95.4144%
98.4800%
99.4402%
99.5870%
99.1279%
97.4227%
92.3169%
79.1721%
54.5642%
27.3240%
9.7548%
1.8369%
0.0979%
0.0033%
0.0001%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%

%[Cd(OH)3-] %[Cd(OH)4 2-]

%[CdOH +]
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0001%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0006%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0023%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0079%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0259%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0827%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.2619%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.8245%
0.0000%
0.0000%
2.5625%
0.0000%
0.0000%
7.6786%
0.0001%
0.0000%
20.8244%
0.0023%
0.0000%
45.3846%
0.0509%
0.0000%
71.8694%
0.8064%
0.0001%
81.1371%
9.1037%
0.0044%
47.2821%
50.8057%
0.0753%
8.1394%
91.3256%
0.4371%
0.8703%
97.6484%
1.4780%
0.0850%
95.3511%
4.5638%
0.0077%
86.8474%
13.1449%
0.0006%
67.6298%
32.3696%
0.0000%
39.7842%
60.2158%
0.0000%
17.2822%
82.7178%
0.0000%
6.1975%
93.8025%
0.0000%
2.0465%
97.9535%
0.0000%
0.6564%
99.3436%
0.0000%
0.2085%
99.7915%

1.E+00
6

10

12

14

16

100%

%[CdOH
+]

90%
[Cd] T
Linear ([Cd] T )

70%

Linear ([Cd+2])

60%

Linear ([CdOH +])

[Cd(OH)3-]

1.E-06

Linear ([Cd(OH)3-])
[Cd(OH)4 2-]
Linear ([Cd(OH)4 2-])

1.E-08

2[Cd2(OH)+3]
Linear (2[Cd2(OH)+3])
LMP

1.E-10

%
[Cd(OH)3]

80%

[Cd+2]
[CdOH +]

log [CdT]

50%
% Predominancia
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
0

8
pH

pH

99.9979%
99.9934%
99.9792%
99.9341%
99.7920%
99.3452%
97.9582%
93.8163%
82.7517%
60.2725%
32.4216%
13.1727%
4.5777%
1.4941%
0.4771%
0.1511%
0.0476%
0.0148%
0.0044%
0.0012%
0.0003%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%
0.0000%

%[Cd+2]

18

1.E-02

1.E-04

%2[Cd2(OH)+3]

10

12

14

16

18

[Cd] T %
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%

Dispositivo
Legal
LGA Clase I
LGA Clase II
LGA Clase III
RM.011-96-EM/VMM-cm
RM.011-96-EM/VMM-pa
Limites en Calfornia.

Cd
Pb

Conductividad
(mhos/cm)

pH

Turbidez
(NTU)

SDT
(mg/L)

5-9
5-9
5-9
5.5-10.5

10
10

0.001
112.41 8.89601E-005 -4.05080495
207.2 4.82625E-005 -4.31638975

SST
(mg/L)

Sulfatos
(mg/L)

Al
(mg/L)

400
100
50
500
pe =

As
(mg/L)
0.1
0.1
0.2
1
0.5
0.05

Ba
(mg/L)

Cu
(mg/L)
1
1
0.5
2
1
1

[C d2+]TO T =

8. 50
C d2+

1. 0

Pb
(mg/L)
0.05
0.05
0.1
1
0.5
0.05
0 .1 0 m M
C d(O H )42

Zn
(mg/L)
5
5
25
6
3
5
[P b4+]TO T =
pe =

0. 8

0. 8

C d(O H )3
0. 6

0. 4

Fr a c t i o n

Fr a c t i o n

C d2+

1. 0

C d(O H )2

0 .1 0 m M

8 . 50

C dO H +

0. 6

0. 4

0. 2

0. 2
0. 0
0

0. 0
0

10
pH

15

20

Ag
(mg/L)

0.05
[P b4+]TO T =
pe =

Fe
(mg/L)
0.3
0.3
1
5
2
0.3

Cr
(mg/L)

Mn
(mg/L)
0.1
0.1
0.5

Cd
(mg/L)
0.01
0.01
0.05

Se
(mg/L)

Hg
(mg/L)
0.002
0.002
0.01

0.05

0.05

0.01

0.01

0.002

[C d2+]TO T =

0 .1 0 m M

[P b2+]TO T =

8 . 50
C d2+

1. 0

0 .1 0 m M
0 .1 0 m M
C d(O H )42

C d(O H )2(cr)

Fr a c t i o n

0. 8

0. 6

0. 4

0. 2

C d(O H )3
CdO H +

0. 0
0

10
pH

15

20

CN- total
(mg/L)
0.2
0.2
1
2
1