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SCIENCE ASSIGNMENT

SEM II

STD-IV

COURSE : L-6,9,10,11,12,13 from I-Explore Text Book.

L-10,11 from Environment Text Book.
PAPER STYLE OF SCIENCE
I . Choose the correct Option [MCQ]
II. Fill in the blanks
III. True or False
IV. Name them
V. Match the following
VI. Give reasons
VII. Answer in short
VIII. Answer in Detail
IX. Classify the following
X. Draw and label

[1*10 = 10 MARKS]
[1*10 = 10 MARKS]
[1*10 = 10MARKS]
[1*4 = 4 MARKS]
[1*5 = 5 MARKS]
[1*7 = 7 MARKS]
[2*8 = 16 MARKS]
[3*4 = 12 MARKS]
[3*1 = 3 MARKS]
[3*1 = 3 MARKS]

EX - I
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
1. Which of the following is bio-degradable ?
a. Plastic bag
b. Banana peel
c. Glass bottle.
2. To prevent pollution you must
a. use paper plates
b. burn garbage
c. segregate waste.
3. What causes water pollution ?
a. Plants rotting in water b. Carnivorous aquatic animals
c. Chemicals from factories released
in water.
4. We need to cut a lot of trees to make
a. a shirt b. a photoframe
c. paper.
5. It provides nutrients to the plants.
a. Humus b. Pebbles c. Sand
6. Particles of soil which are between the size of sand and clay are called
a. rocks
b. gravel
c. silt.
7. Colour of the soil
a. is always black
b. is always brown c. always varies.
8. In which soil cotton grows well ?
a. Red soil b. Brown soil c. Black soil.
9. Tiny living things which cannot be seen by naked eye are called
a. microbes b. casts c. minerals
10. Which object remains floating in water ?
a. Cork
b. Sponge
c. Ice.
11. Which substance is opaque ?
a. Glass b. Wood
c. Water
12. Which substance gets dissolved in water ?
a. Stone
b. Candle
c. Sugar.
13. Which substance does not get dissolved in water ?
a. Nail
b. Salt c. Alum.
14. Which substance is transparent ?
a. Slate
b. Spectacle lens
c. Paper.
15. From which organ of the digestive system does the food enter the foodpipe ?
a. Stomach b. Mouth
c. Foodpipe.
16. What gets mixed with the food in the mouth due to which the food becomes soft ?
a. Blood b. water
c. Saliva .
17. Which digestive organ passes the food from the mouth to the stomach ?
a. Foodpipe
b. Teeth
c. Tongue
18. From which organ is the upper end of small intestine joined ?
a. Large intestine b. Foodpipe c. Stomach .

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EX II

FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. Rocks are constantly weathered by forces of nature such as water ,wind and heat.
2. Rocks wear away by the process of weathering rocks.
3. Soil contains particles of gravel , sand ,silt and clay.
4. Water is known as the universal solvent.
5. The three main types of soil are sandy soil ,clayey soil , and loam soil.
6. Addition of harmful substances in our natural resources is called pollution.
7 . Smoke and fog get mixed to form smog .
8. Drinking polluted water can cause typhoid .
9. Wastes which rot are called biodegradable.
10 wastes which do not rot are called non- biodegradable .
11. The three rs of preventing pollution are reduce, reuse and recycle.
12 .gases ,smoke, fumes and dust are air pollutants.
13. Water polluted by chemicals from factories affects marine life.
14. Save energy by switching off electrical gadgets .
15. We should use cloth bags as they are biodegradable.
16. Rocks break up into smaller parts till they turn into soil.
17. Potters use clayey soil to make pots .
18. Sandy soil cannot hold water .
19. The substance through which we can see easily is called transparent substance.
20. Paper is an opaque object.
21. Air is always there in between us and object .
22. Among ink ,water and milk, water is transparent .
23. Among glass, plastic bag and hard board ,hardboard is opaque.
24. Stomach churns the food completely .
25. The food that remains undigested in the stomach is passed to small intestine .
26. The upper of food pipe is connected to the mouth.
27. If food is not digested properly ,we suffer from constipation .
EX III

STATE WHETHER THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS ARE TRUE OR FALSE

1. Jaggery is soluble in water

- TRUE
2. Mirror is a transparent object
- FALSE
3. When kept in a bucket full of water , a plastic ball floats - TRUE
4. Leaf is an opaque object
- TRUE
5. Object through which we can see are called opaque objects - FALSE
6. Food enters the large intestine through the stomach
- FALSE
7. Lungs are digestive organs
- FALSE
8. Food becomes soft when saliva gets mixed with it
- TRUE
9. Absorption of water takes place in the large intestine - TRUE.
10. Tongue , teeth and mouth are organs of the digestive system - TRUE .
11. Milk is transparent
- FALSE.
12. Bullock use muscular force to pull a cart
- TRUE
13 . Plants prepare food with help of solar energy
- TRUE
14. Polluted water affects marine life. TRUE
15. Acid rain damages things it falls on. TRUE
16. Land pollutants consist of smoke, fumes and gases. FALSE.
17. There are two different types of soil. FALSE
18. Soil contains air. - TRUE.
EX IV NAME THEM
1. The type of soil which holds a lot of water.
ANS : Clayey.

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2. A natural fertiliser.
ANS : Humus.
3. An animal which lives in the soil.
ANS : Earthworm.
4. Harmful substances which cause pollution.
ANS : Pollutants.
5. Unwanted things.
ANS : Waste
6. Waste which cannot be decomposed.
ANS : Non biodegradable.
7. To convert waste into reusable material.
ANS : Recycle.
8. Biodegradable waste are dumped in large pits.
ANS : Land fills.
EX - V MATCH THE FOLLOWING
1. Earthworm
2. Clayey soil
3. Deserts
4. Black soil
5. Red soil
6. A mixture of smoke and fog
7. Smoke that is not healthy
8. A area messy by throwing waste 9. Materials found in nature
10. A furnace for burning waste
-

casts
pots
Sandy soil
Sugarcane
Wheat crops.
smog.
Fume
Litter.
Natural resources.
Incinerator.

EX - VI
GIVE REASONS
1. Loam is the best soil for growing plants because it consists of sand, clay and humus. It has more
nutrients and can hold enough air and water.
2. Newspaper should be sent for recycling because it can be recycled into a new product, it reduces the
waste and helps in reducing pollution.
3. Food becomes soft after putting it in the mouth, because when it is chewed by the teeth, it mixes
with saliva and hence it becomes soft.
4. Solids have definite shape and size because molecules in solids are very closely packed , so they do
not have space to move .
5. Air pollution is caused due to smoke released from fire ,burning fuels ,automobiles , factories etc .
6. Water pollution is caused due to garbage , flowers, waste etc thrown in rivers and lakes by the people.
People wash clothes, vehicles and animals in ponds and other water bodies. Sewage water, chemicals
and hot water from factories is released in the water bodies.
7. Carnivorous birds have keen eye spot because it helps them to spot their prey from the sky.
8. When we throw a ball up in the air, it comes down because the earth pulls everything towards itself.
9. When we roll a ball along the ground, it stops after sometime because its surface rubs against the
rough surface of the ground.
10. In winter season, it takes a long time for clothes to dry because the temperature is low.
11. Soil is most important to us because of its ability to let plants grow in it.
12. Soil pollution is caused due to waste from various sources such as domestic waste, industrial wastes
etc.
13. A wet cloth, which is spread out will dry faster than a wet cloth, which is folded, because a larger
area is exposed for drying.
14. Do not waste paper because a lot of trees have to be cut down to make paper.
EX VII

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING IN SHORT

1. Why do solids have a definite shape and size?

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A. Molecules in solids are very closely packed, so they do not have space to move. So solids have a
definite shape and size.
2. How is a gas able to spread in all directions ?
A. Molecules in gas are placed far apart, there is lot of space between them. So they can spread in
all directions.
3. How can you change ice into steam ?
A. When we heat ice it first changes into water and then into steam (water vapour).
4. What helps a monkey to climb trees ?
A. Monkeys have long and strong limbs with sharp claws to climb the tree. They have a long tail to grip
the branches and to balance their body.
5. What helps aquatic animals to move around in water ?
A. Aquatic animals have fins or oar like flippers to swim in water. Water birds have webbed feet which
help them to paddle in water.
6. When is work said to be done ?
A. Work is done when an object is moved through a distance using force.
7. How is soil formed ?
A. Soil is formed by breaking down of rocks into tiny particles.
8. What are the different types of soil ?
A. There are three different types of soil. They are Sandy soil, Clayey soil and loam.
9. What is Acid rain ?
A. The gases from factories combines with moisture and form acids. When this acid combines with
raindrops and fall on the earth, this is called acid rain.
10. How can you save fuel ?
A. Fuel can be saved by walking small distances, by using bicycles or public transport. This will help to
reduce pollution.
11. Define weather.
A. Weather is the state of the atmosphere of a place at a particular time.
12. What is hail?
A. When the atmosphere is cold, the raindrops freeze and turn into ice. This is called hail.
13. What happens if food is not digested?
A. If food is not digested, we will suffer from stomach ache.
14. How should the food be eaten so that it gets digested easily?
A. The food should be chewed properly before swallowing. It gets mixed with saliva which helps in
digestion easily.
15. Write the names of three organs of your body that help in digestion of food?
A. The three organs that help in digestion of food are Mouth, Stomach and small intestine.
16. What do you mean by the digestive organs ?
A. Organs which help to digest food are called digestive organs.
17. What do you mean by transparent objects ? Give two examples ?
A. The things through which we can see objects is known as transparent object. Eg: glass, water etc.
18. What do you mean by opaque objects ? Give two examples ?
A. The things through which we cannot see objects is known as opaque object. Eg: Wood, book etc.
19. What is the difference between dew and frost ?
A. 1. When water vapour condenses on cold objects, dew is formed.
2. The dew freezes into tiny white crystals called frost.
20. What are adaptive features of carnivorous animals ?
A. They have sharp pointed teeth to tear the flesh, strong jaws to grip their prey, strong legs and claws to
run fast and catch the prey.
21. What is energy ? Name some sources of energy ?
A. The capacity to do work is known as energy. Sources of energy are sun, wind, water and heat stored
inside the earth.
22. What are the effects of soil pollution ?
A. Soil pollution causes loss of nutrients, reduces the fertility of soil. It also causes soil erosion.
23. Which food is heavy to digest ?

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A. Fried food containing fats, food eaten quickly without chewing and food that contains lots of oil is
heavy to digest.
24. What are the constituents of soil ?
A. Soil contains rock particles, gravel, sand and clay. It also contains humus, water and air.
25. What are the effects of air pollution ?
A. Air pollution can cause coughs, breathing problems and burning eyes.
26. What are the effects of water pollution ?
A. Water pollution can affect aquatic life and kills aquatic animals and plants and drinking such water
can cause diseases.
EX VIII
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING IN DETAIL
1. What are the adaptive features of terrestrial animals ?
A. 1. Terrestrial animals live on land.
2. They breathe air directly from the atmosphere.
3. They have well developed sense organs.
4. They have strong legs, toes in the form of hoofs and sharp claws.
5. Some of them have a thick coat of hair.
2. What is the function of small intestine as a digestive organ ?
A. 1. Remaining digestion takes place.
2. The digested food is absorbed by the walls of the small intestine and mixes with blood and is
transported to different organs.
3. Write the difference between solids and liquids ?
A. Solids : 1. Molecules are closely packed.
2. They have a definite shape, size and volume.
3. They cannot flow.
Liquids: 1. The molecules are not very closely packed.
2. They do not have definite shape.
3. They can flow.
4. How does a pangolin keep itself safe from its enemies ?
A. 1. Pangolins back is covered with overlapping scales.
2. When it senses danger, it tucks its head between its legs and rolls itself into a ball.
5. Write a short note on solar energy ?
A. Sun is the main source of energy.
1. It gives us heat and light.
2. The green plants absorb solar energy and make their own food.
3. Plants, animals and human beings use this food to get energy.
4. Solar energy is also used in solar cookers, and solar heaters etc.
6. How do earthworms help plants ?
A. 1. Earthworms move through the soil creating tunnels.
2. Plants are able to absorb more water and air through tunnels.
3. The tunnels also help the roots to grow deeper into soil.
4. They make dropping called casts and this makes the soil fertile.
7. What is biodegradable waste ?
A. 1. The domestic wastes like fruit and vegetable peels, paper, clothes made from cotton or wool,
broken wooden furniture etc.
2. These wastes rot and mix with the soil after sometime.
3. These wastes are called biodegradable wastes.
8. What harm do glass bottles and metal cans cause ?

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A. 1. Glass bottles and metal cans are non-biodegradable waste.
2. They cause pollution.
3. They can also hurt the rag picker.
9. Write a note on sea breeze ?
A. 1. During the day, the land gets warmer faster than the water.
2. The air above the land too becomes warm and rises up.
3. The cool air from the sea moves in towards the land and thus sea breeze occurs.
10. How does growth of crops depend on weather ?
A. 1. A suitable weather should be necessary for the proper growth of the crops.
2. Sudden weather changes damages the crop.
3. Lack of rains, long hot periods destroy the crops.
4. Hailstones damages the blossoms, fruits, ears of grain etc.
11. How do evaporation and condensation takes place in nature ?
A. 1. Water from the rivers, lakes, pond and oceans gets heated up and evaporates.
2. As the water vapour reaches up, it cools down and condenses as tiny droplets of water to form
cloud.
3. The water droplets further condense to form rain.
12. How is food digested ?
A. The food is digested as follows:
1. The food is first chewed properly in mouth. It mixes with saliva.
2. Food enters the stomach through the Foodpipe.
3. Food enters the small intestine from the stomach.
4. The undigested food in the small intestine enters the large intestine.
5. Here, water is absorbed from the undigested food and the remaining food comes out of the body
in the form of excreta.
13. What should be done so that the food gets digested easily ?
A. 1. The food must be chewed properly.
2. Food must be fresh, pure and properly cooked.
3. We should eat only when we are hungry.
4. Physical work is essential for proper digestion.
5. Never lie down immediately after eating.
6. Water should not be drunk before and after half an hour of having meals.
14. Name three types of force and its use ?
A. The three types of force are muscular force, gravitational force and frictional force.
1. Muscular force is used to pull a load.
2. Gravitational force is used to pull all the things towards the centre of the earth.
3. Frictional force helps to stop a moving body.
15. Write a short note on land breeze ?
A. 1. During the night, the land gets cooler faster than water.
2. The air above the sea becomes warm and rises up.
3. The cool air from the land moves in towards the sea and takes its place. This is called land breeze.
16. How is soil formed ?
A. 1. Soil is formed by the breaking down of rocks into tiny particles.
2. Rocks are attacked by water, wind and heat.
3. The constant action of forces of nature weakens the binding power of rocks.

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Ex IX

CLASSIFY THE FOLLOWING OBJECTS :

Q.1 [ Buttermilk, leaf, water, glass, rubber, air, wood, paper, Table, milk, plastic-scale, ink ]
Ans: TRANSPARENT OBJECTS :
Water, Glass, air, plastic-scale.
OPAQUE OBJECTS : Wood, rubber, leaf, paper, buttermilk, table, milk, ink.
Q.2 [ Berry, nail, wood, sugar, Lemon, Stone, rice, Leaf, Paper, Feather, cloth, Salt, Pencil, Chalk,
plastic, Rubber, handkerchief, brush]
Ans: FLOATING OBJECTS : Pencil, wood, paper, plastic, leaf, Feather, handkerchief, brush
SINKING OBJECTS : Berry, nail, sugar, Lemon, Stone, rice, cloth, salt, chalk, rubber
Ex X

DRAW AND LABEL :

1. Draw diagrams showing arrangement of molecules in solids, liquids and gases.

2. Draw a neat diagram of sea breeze.
3. Draw two simple machines.