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  • Enzyme Terminology

    Transféré par

    Alodia Eunicia Orata Castillo
    90 vues1 page
    This document defines key terms related to enzymes and provides a classification system for enzymes. It describes substrates, coenzymes, cofactors, apoenzymes, prosthetic groups, holoenzymes, active sites, allosteric sites, and inhibitors. It then classifies enzymes into seven main categories based on their chemical reactions: oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases, ligases/synthetases, and kinases.

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    biochem

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    This document defines key terms related to enzymes and provides a classification system for enzymes. It describes substrates, coenzymes, cofactors, apoenzymes, prosthetic groups, holoenzymes, active sites, allosteric sites, and inhibitors. It then classifies enzymes into seven main categories based on their chemical reactions: oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases, ligases/synthetases, and kinases.

    Droits d'auteur :

    © All Rights Reserved
    Téléchargez comme PDF, TXT ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
    Signaler comme contenu inapproprié
    90 vues1 page

    Enzyme Terminology

    Transféré par

    Alodia Eunicia Orata Castillo
    This document defines key terms related to enzymes and provides a classification system for enzymes. It describes substrates, coenzymes, cofactors, apoenzymes, prosthetic groups, holoenzymes, active sites, allosteric sites, and inhibitors. It then classifies enzymes into seven main categories based on their chemical reactions: oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases, ligases/synthetases, and kinases.

    Droits d'auteur :

    © All Rights Reserved
    Téléchargez comme PDF, TXT ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
    Signaler comme contenu inapproprié
    sur 1

    Enzyme terminology

    Substrate - specific site where


    enzymes are working
    Coenzyme - nonprotein
    compound necessary for the
    functioning of an enzyme
    Cofactor - (helper molecules)
    assist in biochemical
    transformations
    Apoenzyme - inactive
    enzyme, only activates upon
    binding of an organic or
    inorganic cofactor
    Prosthetic group Holoenzyme - made up of an
    apoenzyme & cofactor.
    Completely active (DNA
    polymerase & RNA
    polymerase)
    Active site
    Inhibitor - slows down
    Allosteric site - where
    inhibitors and activators can
    bind
    Urease - hydrolysis of urea

    Classification of enzymes
    Ex. reactants ---------->
    products
    ENZYME
    1. Oxidoreductase oxidation/reduction reaction
    Lactate <------------> pyruvate + h+
    Enzyme: Lactate dehydrogenase

    2. Transferase - transfer of a group


    Aspartate a-ketoglutarate ->
    oxaloacetate glutamate
    Enzyme: Aspartate transaminase

    3. Hydrolase - hydrolysis reactions


    with the help of water forming 2
    products
    4. Lyase - removal or formation if
    double bonds
    Cis-aconitate --------> isocitrate
    Enzyme: Aconitase
    5. Isomerase - rearrangement of
    atoms or bonds in the molecule
    Glucose-6-phosphate ------>
    fructose-6-ohosphase
    Enzyme: Glucose-6-phosphate
    isomerase/Phosphohexose
    isomeras/phosphoglucose
    isomerase

    6. Ligase/synthetase - links two


    molecules to synthesize a product
    - always has ATP on reactant
    Amino acid + ATP -----> aminoacylAMP
    Enzyme: aminoacyl-tRNA
    synthetase
    7. Kinase - product is ATP

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