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WHAT IS FLOW?
CATEGORIES
PRESSURE - BASED
FLOWMETERS
PRESSURE - BASED
FLOWMETERS
constriction
Static and stagnation pressure to
derive dynamic pressure
E.g. orifice plate, venturi tubes, pitot
tubes
MECHANICAL
FLOWMETERS
ELECTROMAGNETIC
BASED FLOWMETERS
TYPES OF FLOW
METERS
PRESSURE - BASED
FLOWMETERS
ORIFICE PLATE
A plate with a hole through
PRESSURE - BASED
FLOWMETERS
Concentric:
Used for ideal liquid,
gases, steam service.
Beta ratio fall
between 0.15 to 0.75
for liquids and 0.20 to
0.70 for gases.
Beta ratio refers to
the ratio of the orifice
bore to the internal
pipe diameter
PRESSURE - BASED
FLOWMETERS
Eccentric:
Has a hole eccentric.
To measure
containing solids, oil
containing water and
wet steam.
Can use flange or
vena contracta
taps(taps are 180 or
90 degree to
eccentric opening)
PRESSURE - BASED
FLOWMETERS
Segmental:
Hole is in the form
of segment of a
circle
Used for colloidal
and slurry flows.
Tap location
should be 180
degree from
center of tangency
Useful for
solid
containing
materials as
well
PRESSURE - BASED
FLOWMETERS
FLOW IN A VENTURI
VENTURI TUBE
Constricts the flow,
pressure sensors
measure the
differential pressure
before and within the
constriction.
Widely used to
measure flowrates in
the transmission of gas
through pipelines.
Coefficient of discharge
range from 0.93 to
0.97.
TUBE
MECHANICAL
FLOWMETERS
VARIABLE-AREA FLOW
METER
Commonly known as
rotameter
A device that measures
flowrate by allowing
cross- sectional area
the fluid travels in, to
vary.
Consists a tapered
tube, typically made of
glass, with a float
inside that is pushed
up by fluid flow, and
down by gravity.
MECHANICAL
FLOWMETERS
see
When balance is reached, between
the upward force of fluid and the
floats weight, the float is stable.
Scales of direct flowrate is read based
on the markings on the tube.
The higher the float the higher the
flowrate.
MECHANICAL
FLOWMETERS
TURBINE FLOWMETER
Generally, all turbine
TURBINE
FLOWMET
ER
ELECTROMAGNETIC
BASED FLOWMETERS
MAGNETIC
FLOWMETERS
(MAG METERS)
Operation of a mag
meter is based on
Faradays Law, which
states:
Voltage induced
across any conductor
through a magnetic
field at a right
angle,is directly
proportional to the
velocity of that
conductor.
ELECTROMAGNETIC
BASED FLOWMETERS
CORIOLIS FLOWMETER
With the ability to measure liquids, slurries
ELECTROMAGNETIC
BASED FLOWMETERS
OPERATIN
G
PRINCIPLE
During
S
mass flow,
the outward
arm is
lagging
A rotating
behind the
mass
overall
flowmeter to
rotation,
illustrate the
vibrating mass and the
outward
flowmeter.
The tubes
twist slightly
when fluid
flows through
ELECTROMAGNETIC
BASED FLOWMETERS
REFERRENCES
http://
www.engineeringtoolbox.com/flow-mete
rs-d_493.html
http://
www.cleonis.nl/physics/phys256/flowme
ter.php
http://
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow_meter#Elect
romagnetic.2C_ultrasonic_and_coriolis_
flow_meters