ASSESSING LISTENING

Basic Type of Listening

Designing appropriate assessment tasks in listening begins with the specification
of objectives or criteria. Those objectives may be classified in terms of several
types of listening performance.
a. Comprehending of surface structure element such as phonemes, words,
intonation, and grammatical category. We design this objective by using
intensive listening. Intensive means listening for perception of the components
of a larger stretch of language. In intensive listening we can design
recognizing phonological (such as phonemic pair consonants, vowels,
morphological pair ed ending, stress pattern in cant, one word stimulus) and
morphological elements and paraphrase recognition (such as sentence
paraphrase and dialogue paraphrase)
b. Understanding of pragmatic context. We can design this objective by using
responsive listening to a relatively short stretch of language in order to make
an equally short response. Example of responsive listening are appropriate
response to a question and open-ended response to a question.
c. Determining meaning of auditory input. The type of this part is selective
listening. We can designing assessment task by using selective listening. It
means processing stretches of discourse such a short monologues for several
minute in order to scan for certain information. The design task for selective
listening are listening cloze, information transfer divided into multiple picture
cued selection, single picture cued verbal multiple choice, and chart filling.
d. Developing the gist, a global or comprehensive understanding. The type of
this part is extensive listening where listening is used to develop global
understanding of spoken language. The design assessment task for extensive
listening are dictation and communicative stimulus response tasks that divided
into dialogue and multiple choice comprehension items and dialogue and
authentic questions on details.