Albaha University

Faculty of Engineering
Mechanical Engineering Department

Engineering Metrology
Lecture 09: Gear Measurements
Ossama Abouelatta
o_abouelatta@yahoo.com
Mechanical Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Albaha University

Aims

This lecture aims:

to identify various types of gears.
to identify its definitions and its standard
proportions.
to determine different types of gear
measurements.

Assoc. Prof. Ossama Abouelatta

Mechanical Engineering Department

Lecture (9): Gear Measurements

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Outlines

Introduction
The involute
The involute curve
The involute function
Definitions and standard proportions
Helical Gears
Undercutting in Gear Teeth and Addendum Modification
Addendum coefficients
Gear measurements
General test
Rolling Gear Tests
Measurement of individual elements
Tooth Thickness Measurement
The constant chord
The base tangent method
Measurements over rollers
Gear Pitch Measurements
Measurement of Cumulative Pitch Error
Testing Involute Form
Assoc. Prof. Ossama Abouelatta
Mechanical Engineering Department

Lecture (9): Gear Measurements

(3)

Gear measurements
General test
Measurement of individual elements

Assoc. Prof. Ossama Abouelatta

Mechanical Engineering Department

Lecture (9): Gear Measurements

(4)

Rolling Gear Tests

(a)

Use gauge blocks between the spindles set the dial gauge to read zero at the correct center
distance and adjust the spring loading.

Gauge blocks C
(b)
(c)

Dd
2

Where C = center distance

d, D = diameters of spindles

Set limit marks on dial gauge.

Mount the master gear and the gear to be tested, and note the variation in the dial gauge reading
when the gears are rotated by hand. If it falls outside the limit marks, the gear is not acceptable.

Assoc. Prof. Ossama Abouelatta

Mechanical Engineering Department

Lecture (9): Gear Measurements

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Lecture (9): Gear Measurements

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Traces produced by rolling test

instrument

Assoc. Prof. Ossama Abouelatta

Mechanical Engineering Department

Tooth Thickness Measurement

Straight tooth
spur gears and
helical gears

Assoc. Prof. Ossama Abouelatta

Mechanical Engineering Department

Lecture (9): Gear Measurements

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Lecture (9): Gear Measurements

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Tooth Thickness Measurement

W 2 AB
D
2
NM

ABO , AO R p

360
90

4N
N
AB
sin
AO

AB AO sin

NM
90
sin

2
N

But W 2 AB
90
W NM sin

Tooth thickness at the pitch line

Assoc. Prof. Ossama Abouelatta
Mechanical Engineering Department

Tooth Thickness Measurement

h OE OB
NM
M
2
NM
90
OB OA cos
cos

2
N
NM
NM
90
M
h
cos

2
2
N
NM
2
90
h
cos
1

N
2
N
OE R p Addendum

Tooth depth at the pitch line

Assoc. Prof. Ossama Abouelatta
Mechanical Engineering Department

Lecture (9): Gear Measurements

(9)

The constant chord

1
M
circular pitch
4
4
AB
ABD ,
cos
BD
BD

AB BD cos
ABC ,

AC
cos
AB
AC AB cos
BC
sin
AB
BC AB sin
hM

M
4

M
4

M
4

M
4

cos

cos 2

cos sin

cos sin for a value W

Assoc. Prof. Ossama Abouelatta

Mechanical Engineering Department

M
2

cos 2

Lecture (9): Gear Measurements

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The base tangent method

David Brown base tangent comparator

Assoc. Prof. Ossama Abouelatta

Mechanical Engineering Department

Lecture (9): Gear Measurements

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The base tangent method

W = AC = A1C1 = A2C3 = arc AoBo

Assoc. Prof. Ossama Abouelatta
Mechanical Engineering Department

Lecture (9): Gear Measurements

(12)

The base tangent method

Assoc. Prof. Ossama Abouelatta

Mechanical Engineering Department

Lecture (9): Gear Measurements

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Lecture (9): Gear Measurements

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The base tangent method

Assoc. Prof. Ossama Abouelatta

Mechanical Engineering Department

Measurements over rollers

Assoc. Prof. Ossama Abouelatta

Mechanical Engineering Department

Lecture (9): Gear Measurements

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Lecture (9): Gear Measurements

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Gear Pitch Measurements

Tooth to Tooth Pitch Measurement

A1B
= A1B1
= C2B2
= C4B4

Pb
= /P cos

Assoc. Prof. Ossama Abouelatta

Mechanical Engineering Department

Measurement of Cumulative
Pitch Error

Assoc. Prof. Ossama Abouelatta

Mechanical Engineering Department

Lecture (9): Gear Measurements

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Lecture (9): Gear Measurements

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Testing Involute Form

Video
Video
Assoc. Prof. Ossama Abouelatta
Mechanical Engineering Department

Testing Involute Form

Assoc. Prof. Ossama Abouelatta

Mechanical Engineering Department

Lecture (9): Gear Measurements

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