pBdLo tgfj / o;sf] Joj:yfkg

(Entrepreneurial Stress and Its

Management)

k|sfz >]i7
pkk|fWofks

g]kfn sd;{ SofDk;, lqe'jg ljZjljBfno

;f/f+z

(Abstract)

pBdLx?df s]xL sf/0fjz kg]{ zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s bafa g} pBdLo tgfj xf] .
pBdLo tgfj pBdLx?n] cfgf] hLjgdf dx;'; ug]{ af]em jf bafak"0f{ cj:yf
xf] . o;n] pgLx?nfO{ pQ]lht agfpF5 Pj+ efjgfTds ?kdf k|efj kfb{5 . o:tf]
tgfjn] pBdLsf hLjgdf ljleGg gsf/fTds k|efjx? kfg]{ ub{5 . o;} ;Gbe{df
k|:t't n]vdf pBdLo tgfj, o;sf ljleGg ;|f]tx? / o;sf] Joj:yfkgsf s]xL /0fgLlt jf
pkfox?sf af/]df rrf{ ul/Psf] 5 .
pBdLo tgfjsf] cjwf/0f (Concept of Entrepreneurial Stress)
ljleGg lsl;dsf] jftfj/0fLo kl/jt{g Pj+ kl/l:yltdf cfPsf] kl/jt{gsf sf/0f
JolQmdf dgf]j}1flgs Pj+ zf/Ll/s kl/jt{g cfpg'nfO{ tgfj elgG5 . cyf{t\
s'g} kl/l:ylt jf 36gfsf] k|efjsf] kmn:j?k JolQmn] cfgf] :jefljs hLjgdf dx;';
ug]{ af]em jf bafak"0f{ cj:yfnfO{ tgfj elgG5 . o;n] JolQmnfO{ pQ]lht
agfpF5 Pj+ efjgfTds ?kdf k|efj kfb{5 . h;n] ubf{ JolQmsf] Jojxf/df
kl/jt{g cfpF5 / kl/jlt{t cj:yfk|lt k|ltlqmof (Reaction) JoQm ub{5 . ;fy} tgfjn]
JolQmsf] zf/Ll/s Pj+ dfgl;s cj:yfdf klg k|efj kfb{5 . ctM tgfj eg]sf]
dflg;sf] ck]Iffx? / dfux? k"/f ug]{ pgsf ;fdYo{aLrsf] leGgtfsf] sfo{ xf] /
JolQmsf] ck]Iffx? / p;sf] JolQmTjaLrsf] leGgtf xf] . dflg;n] cfgf]
e"ldsfsf] sfd k"/f ug{ ;s]g eg] tgfj pTkGg x'G5 .
pBdLx?sf sfo{sf dfux? / ck]Iffx? pgLx?sf] Joj;fo cf/Destf{x?sf ?kdf sfd
ug{;Sg] ;fdYo{eGbf a9L eof] eg] pgLx? tgfj dx;'; ub{5g\ . tgfj eg]sf]
dfl;gx?df s]xL sf/0fjz kg]{ zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s bafa xf] . o;n] dflg;x?
nfO{ uDeL/ lrGtf (Anxiety) pTkGg u/fpFb5 . tgfj hxfF;'s} x'G5 / o;af6
pDsg klg ;lsGg . ;fgf Joj;fosf pBdLx?df ;lhn};Fu tgfj pTkGg x'G5 . lsgsL
pgLx? ;kmntf xft kfg{ b[9 x'G5g\ / ;kmntf /xg clgR5's x'G5g\ . pgLx?
kfl/jfl/s ;dy{g k|fKt ug{ c;dy{ x'G5g\ / cfgf lhDd]jf/Laf6 3]l/Psf x'G5g\
. ;kmntflt/ Psfu|?kdf cu|;/ x'Fbf (Intese Drive) pgLx?n] c;fwf/0f ck/fw (Guilt)
dx;'; ub{5g\ . o;af6 aRg] k|of; ug{ cfjZos 5 .
tgfjsf b'O{ kIfx? x'G5g\ M ;sf/fTds kIf / gsf/fTds kIf .

!= gsf/fTds kIf

(Negative side: Distress)

of] tgfjsf] o:tf] kIf xf] h;n] JolQmnfO{ gsf/fTds k|efj kfb{5 . o:tf]
tgfj a9L dfqfdf x'g uPdf JolQmnfO{ dgf]j}1flgs ?kdf k|efj kf/]/
dfgl;s ?kdf /f]uL agfpg ;Sb5 . ;fy} zf/Ll/s ?kdf sdhf]/L / czQm
agfpg ;Sb5 . 6fpsf] b'Vg', gzf;DaGwL /f]u, d'6';DaGwL /f]u,
9f8sf] /f]u cflb ;a} a9L tgfjsf] gsf/fTds kIfsf] kl/0ffdx? x'g\ . o:tf
tgfjx? xflgsf/s x'G5g\ .
@= ;sf/fTds kIf

(Positive side: Eustress)

of] tgfjsf] o:tf] kIf xf] h;n] JolQmnfO{ ;sf/fTds k|efj kfb{5 . o;n]
tgfjo'Qm 36gfaf6 klg :j:y, ;sf/fTds, /rgfTds pkhx? l;h{gf ub{5 .
o;n] JolQmnfO{ cfgf] nIo Pj+ ;kmntf k|flKtsf nflu lqmofzLn Pj+
pTk|]l/t ub{5 . o:tf] tgfj dflg;nfO{ cfjZos dflgG5 . lsgsL s'g} nIo
g} geP hLjgsf] s'g} cy{ /xFb}g .
pBdLx?sf] hLjgdf lgs} tgfjx? x'G5g\ . ljz]iftM pBdzLntfsf] b'lgofFdf
/x]sf ljleGg hf]lvdx?n] pgLx?sf] eljio clglZrt agfpFb5 . h;sf] kmn:j?k
tgfjk"0f{ l:yltsf] pTkGg x'G5 . o;af6 pBdLx?sf] hLjgdf gsf/fTds k|efjx?
kb{5g\ . cWoogx?n] b]vfPcg';f/ cTolws tgfjn] w]/} y/Lsf /f]ux? h:t}M
pRr /Qmrfk, sf8f]{Aof;s'n/ k4ltsf] Iflt, cN;/ / s]xL SofG;/;d]t pTkGg
u/fpF5b . To:t}, cToflws tgfjn] l8k|];g, lk7\oF'sf] b'vfO (Back Pain), clgb|f,
nfu"kbfy{ jf /S;Ldf lge{/tf l;hgf{ ug{ ;Sb5 . o;/L tgfjaf6 pBdLdf dfgl;s
tyf zf/Ll/s c;/ x'g] ePsf]n] pBdLx?n] tgfj Joj:yfkg ug{ ;Sg'kb{5 . Joj;fosf]
:jfldTj;Fu ufFl;Psf PSnf]kg (Isolation), cg'kg lhDd]jf/L (Responsibility), c;kmntfsf]
lg/Gt/ qf; (Treats), bf]if/lxt ?kdf t'?Gt ug'{kg]{ sfdsf] rfk (Pressure) cflb
sf/0fn] pBdLo tgfj pTkGg x'G5 . t;y{ pBdLx?df tgfjnfO{ e]mNg ;Sg] /
To;nfO{ Jojl:yt ub}{ cl3 a9\g] ;fx; / ;fdYo{ x'g' cfjZos 5 .
pBdLo tgfjsf ;|f]tx? (Sources of Entrepreneurial Stress)
pBdLx?sf] Jofj;flos hLjgdf ljleGg lsl;dn] tgfjx? pTkGg x'G5g\ . tL ;|f]tx?
o;k|sf/ 5g\
Loneliness
Immersion in Business
Sources of Stress

People Problems
Need to Achieve
Personality Structure

Figure 1: Sources of Entrepreneurial Stress

!= PSnf]kgf (Loneliness)
pBdLsf] PSnf]kgf p;sf] nflu tgfjsf] Ps d'Vo ;|f]t xf] . Jofj;flos
;kmntfsf nflu pBdLn] a9L ;do / >d nufpg' kb{5 . cfgf] kl/jf/,
;fyLefO Pj+ ;dfh;Fusf] ;DaGwnfO{ yftL /fv]/ lg/Gt/ ?kdf PslrQ
eO{ Joj;fodf dfq nfUg' kb{5 . Joj;fodf clt Jo:t /x]s} sf/0f ljjfx,
kl/jf/, ;dfh Pj+ ldqtf ;d]t TofUg' kg]{ x'G5 . o;n] ubf{ pBdLn]
Jofj;flos ;kmntf xfl;n u/] tfklg PSnf]kgfsf] sf/0f tgfjk"0f{ hLjg
afFRg'kg]{ x'G5 . pBdLx?n] kl/jf/, ;fdflhs lqmofsnfkx?sf] a]jf:tf
u/]/ lg/Gt/ w]/} ;do cfkm" PSn} jf yf]/} sd{rf/Lx?;Fu sfd
ug'{kb{5 . o;n] ubf{ pgLx?nfO{ cfgf ;xsdL{x?af6 ;xof]u k|fKt
x'Fb}g . o;n] pgLx?df tgfj l;h{gf ub{5 .
@= Joj;fodf tNnLgtf (Immersion in Business)
pBdLx?n] nfdf] ;do / s8f sfd ub{5g\ . pgLx? Joj;fosf ;Dk"0f{ sfdsf]
lhDd]jf/L lnG5g\ . pgLx? sfdsf] cufl8 cGo s'/fx? uf}0f 7fGb5g\ .
pgLx?nfO{ Ps lsl;dsf] sfdsf] gzf (Workaholics) nfUb5 . gofF pBdLx?n]
Joj;fonfO{ p7fpg 7"nf] dfqfdf ;do tyf zlQm nufgL ug{'kb{5 . of]
pgLx?n] kl/jf/ / k'm;{bnfO{ Tofu]/ klg ub{5g\ . o;/L k"0f{ ?kdf
tNnLg eO{ Joj;fodf nfUg' / cfgf] e"ldsf k"0f{ ?kdf lgjf{x
ug{ g;Sg] cj:yfdf klg pBdLdf tgfj pTkGg ub{5 . Pp6f pBdLn]
pTkfbs, laq]mtf, /f]huf/bftf, k|jQmf, jftf{sf/, k|d'v JolQm, g]t[Tj
cflb ljleGg lsl;dsf e"ldsfx? lgjf{x ug'{kb{5 . kmn:j?k clws sfo{ef/
(Overload) x'g hfG5 h;n] tgfj pTkGg ub{5 .
#= dflg;x?;Fusf] ;d:of (People Problems)
pBdLn] Joj;fosf] l;nl;nfdf ljleGg lsl;dsf dflg;x?;Fu ;DaGw / sf/f]af/
ug'{kb{5 . h:t} M ;fe]mbf/x? (Partners), sd{rf/Lx? (Employees), a}+s/x?
(Bankers), k]z]j/x? (Professionals), u|fxs (Customers), cfk"lt{stf{x? (Suppliers),
ljt/sx? (Distributors) cflb . :jefj}n] oL ljleGg y/Lsf dflg;x?sf ljleGg
y/Lsf ;f]rfO / :jfy{ x'G5 h'g pBdL;Fu d]n gvfg ;Sb5 . sltko cj:yfx?
df pBdL / oL dflg;x?sf dfem G jf dte]b x'g ;Sb5 . kmn:j?k tgfj
pTkGg x'G5 .
$= pknlAwsf] cfjZostf (Need to Achieve)
pBdLx?df pRr pknlAwsf] cfjZostf a9L dfqfdf x'G5 . pgLx? :jo+sf]
k|of;af6 pRr pknlAw xfl;n ug{ rfxG5g\ . pgLx? To;}sf] nflu a9L
;lqmo x'G5g\ . cfgf] sfo{df lg/Gt/ nflu/xG5g\ . a9L hf]lvd df]n]/
eP klg cfgf] nIo k|fKt ug{ sfo{/t x'G5g\ . o;sf afjh'b olb c;kmntf
xft nfu]df pgLx? lg/fz x'G5g\ . ctM pRr pknlAwsf] rfxgf k"/f gePdf
klg tgfj pTkGg x'G5 .
%= JolQmTj ;+/rgf (Personality Structure)

pBdLsf] JolQmTj ;+/rgfn] klg tgfj pTkGg x'G5 . k|foM pBdLx?df P

ju{ JolQmTj (Type A Personality) ljBdfg /xG5 . o; ju{sf pBdLx?n] lgDg
lsl;dsf] Jojxf/ k|bz{g ub{5g\
;lqmo, ultjfg\, vfglkpg l56f]
36gfcg';f/ cw}o{tf cg'ej
Ps}k6s b'O{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L sfd jf cfof]hgf (Projects) ug{ sf]lz; ug]
{
lj>fd gug]{, sfdd} nugzLn x'g]
cfgf] ;kmntfnfO{ sfd;Fu bfFHg] .
o:tf] JolQmTj ePsf pBdLx? 5f]6f] ;dodf g} a9L pknlAw k|fKt
ug{ rfxg] x'G5g\ / a9L dfqfdf pQ/bfloTjx? axg ug]{ ub{5g\ .
kmn:j?k tgfj pTkGg x'G5 .
pBdLo tgfj Joj:yfkg (Management of Entrepreneurial Stress)
pBdLsf] hLjgdf ljleGg ;|f]tx?af6 tgfj pTkGg x'G5 . ;a} lsl;dsf tgfjx?
xflgsf/s dfq} x'G5g\ eGg] 5}g . sltko ;sf/fTds kIf;lxtsf tgfjx? x'g' plrt
g} x'G5 . o:tf] ;sf/fTds tgfjn] pBdLnfO{ nIo k|flKtsf nflu pTk|]l/t
ub{5 / ;lqmo agfpFb5 . o;n] p;sf] sfo{s'zntf / sfo{;Dkfbg :t/df ;'wf/
Nofpg d2t ub{5 . h] ;'s} xf];\, tgfj Ps lsl;dsf] dfgl;s Pj+ zf/Ll/s bafa g}
xf] . o;nfO{ ;xL lsl;dn] Joj:yfkg ug'{ clt cfjZos 5 . ljz]iftM tgfj Joj:yfkgsf
nflu s]xL /0fgLltx? jf pkfox? ckgfpg ;lsG5, h'g o;k|sf/ 5g\
Networking
Getting Away from It All
Strategies for Management
of Entrepreneurial Stress

Communication with Employees

Finding Satisfaction outside the Company
Delegating
Confronting Stress

Figure 2: Strategies for Management of Entrepreneurial Stress

!= ;~hfn v8f ug'{ (Networking)

Pp6f pBdL / cGo pBdLx?sf dfem Ps lsl;dsf] ;DaGw :yfkgf ug'{nfO{
;~hfn v8f ug'{ elgG5 . 8]ja8 xf]N6sf dtcg';f/ ;~hfn lgdf{0f
eg]sf] Joj;fosf] lgs6 l;dfgfx?aflx/sf dflg; tyf ;+u7gx?;Fu ;DaGw
l;h{g ug]{ k|lqmof xf] . (David Holt: Networking is a process of creating alliences with
people and organizations beyond the immediate boundaries of the venture.) o:tf] ;DaGw
cyf{t\ ;~hfnsf dfWodaf6 pBdLx?n] Pscsf{sf cg'ejx? ;f6f;f6
ug{ kfpFb5g\ . h;n] ubf{ tgfj sd ug{ d2t k'Ub5 . Pscsf{sf] cg'ej,
kL/dsf{ afF8]/ pBdLx?n] cfgf] tgfj 36fpg] of] Ps ;lhnf] pkfo xf] .

t/ o:tf] ;~hfn v8f ubf{ eg] a8f] ljrf/ k'ofpg' kb{5 . ljz]iftM o:tf]
;~hfndf /xg] ;b:ox?sf af/]df Wofg k'ofpg' cfjZos 5 .
@= tgfjaf6 6f9f hfg' (Getting Away from It All)
tgfjaf6 6f9f hfg' jf 5'6sf/f kfpg' klg tgfj sd ug]{ Pp6f ultnf] pkfo
xf] . Joj;foaf6 5f]6f] lj>fd, ljbf jf 5'L lnP/ klg tgfjaf6 d'Qm x'g
;lsG5 . o:tf] lj>fd, ljbf jf 5'Ldf tgfjk"0f{ jftfj/0faf6 s]xL ;do 6f9f
/x]/ pBdLn] cfk"mdf k'gtf{huL l;h{gf ug{ ;Sb5 . o;sf ;fy} Wofg
(Meditation), of]uf (Yoga), zf/Ll/s cEof; (Physical exercise), v]ns'b (Sports),
dgf]/~hg (Entertainment or relaxation), ofqf (Traveling) cflbsf] dfWodaf6 klg
tgfjaf6 6f9f uO{ To;nfO{ 36fpg ;lsG5 .
#= sd{rf/Lx?;Fu ;~rf/ (Communication with Employees)
sltko cj:yfx?df sd{rf/Lx?;Fusf] v/fa ;DaGwsf sf/0fn] klg
pBdLnfO{ tgfj x'g] ub{5 . o:tf] l:yltdf pgLx?;Fusf] JolQmut
;~rf/ / ;fldKotfn] To:tf] tgfj 36fpg d2t ub{5 . bf]xf]/f] ;~rf/ k|0ffnL,
nlrnf] sfo{ jftfj/0f, sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;'ljwf cflbdf Wofg lbP/ pgLx?sf] tgfj
sd ug{ ;lsG5 . h;n] pgLx?sf] sfo{;Dkfbg :t/df ;'wf/ cfO{ pTkfbsTj
j[l4 x'g hfG5 . kmn:j?k :jefljs ?kdf pBdLsf] klg tgfj sd x'G5 .
$= sDkgLeGbf aflx/ ;Gt'li6sf] vf]hL
(Finding Satisfaction outside the
Company)

slxn]sfxLF a]nfdf}sfdf sDkgLeGbf aflx/ 3'dlkm/ u/]/ klg tgfj sd

ug{ ;lsG5 . gofFgofF 7fpFx?df ofqf ug]{, tgfjnfO{ la;]{/ d:t /xg],
gofF cg'ej ;FufNg] / gofF b[li6sf]0fx? k|fKt ug]{ cflbh:tf sfo{x?af6
pBdLn] cfgf] tgfj sd ug{ ;Sb5 / hLjg / sfdk|lt dfof hufpg ;Sb5 .
%= k|Tofof]hg (Delegating)
lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/ / sfd ug]{ lhDd]jf/L tNnf] txsf JolQmx?df
lbg'nfO{ k|Tofof]hg elgG5 . o;df lglb{i6 ;Ldfleq /x]/ ;xfos jf dftxtsf
sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ sfd ug]{ clwsf/ k|bfg ul/G5 . o;n] pBdLsf] sfo{ef/
36fpFb5 . p;n] dxTjk"0f{ Pj+ /0fgLlts lg0f{osf nflu ;do Joj:yfkg
ug{ ;Sb5 . o;/L pBdLn] clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg u/]/ klg cfgf] tgfj sd ug{
;Sb5 . csf]{tk{m clVtof/ k|Tofof]hgn] sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ ;sf/fTds
pTk|]/0ff ub{5 . o;n] pgLx?df sfo{k|ltsf] ;sf/fTds wf/0ff l;h{gf
ub{5 . kmn:j?k pgLx? cfgf] Ifdtfsf] clwstd k|of]u ug{ :jo+
pTk|]l/t x'G5g\ / o;af6 ;Dk"0f{ sDkgLsf] g} pTkfbsTjdf j[l4 x'G5 .
o;n] :jefljs ?kdf pBdLsf] tgfj 36fpgdf d2t k'ofpFb5 .
^= tgfjsf] ;fdgf u/]/ (Confronting Stress)
tgfjsf] ;|f]tsf] ;fdgf ug'{ tgfj d'Qm x'g] k|efjsf/L ;+oGq xf] .
k/fdz{bftfx?n] s;/L tgfasf] ;|f]tsf] k|ToIf ;fdgf ug]{ eGg] l;sfP/
;xof]u ug{ ;Sb5g\ . pbfx/0ffy{ olb Pshgf sd{rf/Ln] :jLsf/of]Uo :t/df
sfo{;Dkfbg ul//x]sf] 5}g eg] To:tf] ;d:ofo'Qm sd{rf/Lsf] d"Nof+sg
s;/L k|efjsf/L;Fu ug]{ eGg] l;Sg ;Sb5 .

lgisif{ (Conclusion)
cfhsf] k|lt:kwf{Tds Jofj;flos jftfj/0fdf ljljw sf/0fx?n] ubf{ pBdLx?
tgfjk"0f{ l:yltdf /xg' k/]sf] 5 . tgfjn] ljleGg lsl;dsf zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s /f]ux?
pTkGg ug]{ eP klg tgfj :jo+df v/fa x'Fb}g . lsgsL tgfjn]
pBdLnfO{ a9L ;lqmo / glthfGd'v agfpg clek|]l/t ub{5 . of] slQsf]
xflgsf/s x'G5 eGg] s'/f of] slQsf] uDeL/ 5 / o;nfO{ pBdLnfO{ s;/L pkrf/
ub{5g\ eGg] s'/fn] lgwf{/0f ub{5 . o;nfO{ xflgsf/s x'g'af6 /f]Sg
pBdLx?n] tgfj;Fu h'Wg] ;fx; /fVg' kb{5 / s]xL dxTjk"0f{ pkfox? cjnDag
ug'{kb{5 .
Rerecences
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Holt, D.H. (2005). Entrepreneurship. New Delhi: Prentice-Hall of Indian Private Limited.
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Kuratko, D.F. and Weiscer H.P. (2001). Strategic Entrepreneurial Growth. Philadelphia: Harcourt College Publishers.
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