The Crusades Chart

First Crusade

Second Crusade

Third Crusade

Fourth Crusade

Dates/Range 1096-1099

1147-1149

1189-1192

1202-1204

Participants Alexis Comnenus I

(name and
The Byzantine

description)
emperor
Pope Urban II
Alexis Comnenus

sent the pope a

message, requesting
military support
Moslems
Peter the Hermit
He was a monk from

Amiens in France
Peter rode about the

countryside recruiting
peasants and poor
townspeople as
Crusaders
Jews
Thousands of Jews

were slaughtered
Peasant Army
When the remnants

of this peasant army

reached
Constantinople, the
emperor Alexius
Comenus I
commanded that they
be transported across
the Bosporus as
quickly as possible
Byzantines
Stephen of Blois
Crusader who

escaped from Antioch

Moslems
The Moslems set out to

drive Crusaders into the

sea
Their first victory was the

recapture of Edessa in
1144
In response, Pope

Eugenius III ordered

Bernard of Clairvaux to call
a Second Crusade aimed
at the reconquest of
Edessa
Pope Eugenius III
Ordered Bernard of

Clairvaux to call a Second

Crusade aimed at the
reconquest of Edessa
Bernard of Clairvaux
Spoke to a large group of

knights in 1146 and

offered the following
benefits to volunteers
King Louis VII of France and the
Holy Roman Emperor Conrad III
responded to the call for the
Second Crusade

Saladin
In the next decades,

the Moslems found a

courageous and
gifted leader in
Saladin
In 1185, he declared

his intention to lead a

holy war to reclaim
Jerusalem from the
infidel Christians
Saladin defeated

the main Crusader

army, capturing the
king
Frederick Barbossa of the
Holy Roman Empire
Marched his

followers overland,
through Hungary and
the Byzantine Empire.
Most of his army

returned home
Philip Augustus
Richard
Philip Augustus and

Richard met in Sicily

on their way to the
Holy Land

Pope Innocent III

Called for a new

crusade to regain the

Holy Land
The Doge
The Doge, or ruler

of Venice, tld the

Crusaders that they
could pay for their
transportation by
capturing the city of
Zara
Venetians
Located on the

eastern Adriatic
The Crusaders became
involved in a power
struggle among the
various claimants to the
Byzantine throne

and headed for

Constantinople
Peter Bartholomew
Had a vision which

told him to dig

beneath the wall of a
church in Antioch
Bohemond of Italy
Made head of the

Principality of Antioch
Raymond of Toulouse
Given authority over

the County of Tripoli

Knights of the Temple
They chose this

name because their

headquarters was on
the site of the ancient
Temple of Solomon
The knights took

vows of poverty,
chastity, and
obedience and took on
the responsibility of
helping pilgrims
Knights of Saint John
Had been founded

about 1083 in the

Benedictine abbey at
Amalfi in Italy
The original purpose

of this order was to

provide shelter and
food for the pilgrims to
the Holy Land
Teutonic Knights
Organized in 1127 in

Jerusalem by
Crusaders from

Germany
Journey/Rou
te (include
an image)

Went to the Middle East

They travelled from France
through Italy, then Eastern
Europe and then through
what is now Turkey

Specific
Objective

The purpose of the crusade

was to aid the Christians of
the East and to liberate the
Holy Land from the infidelsas Christians called the
Moslems

Went from Adesa to Demascus

Pope Eugenius III ordered

Bernard of Clairvauz to call a
Second Crusade aimed at the
reconquest of Edessa

Frederick Barbossa of the

Holy Roman Empire
Marched his

followers overland,
through Hungary and
the Byzantine Empire.
Marched to the Holy Land

Miscellaneo
us
Information
Outcome:
Positive- They increased the authority of the king
Europeans learned many new things from the Muslims
Negative- many Christians were wounded or killed in battle and many died from disease.

People's Crusade- IMPORTANT BECAUSE IT IS NOT THE FIRST CRUSADE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Failure of the Third

Crusade meant that
Jerusalem remained in
Moslem hands
Called for a
new crusade to regain
the Holy Land