Roberts 1

Alexis Roberts
Professor Padgett
English 102
April 13, y
Annotated Bibliography
Inquiry: Is getting vaccinated as a child too much of a risk to take?
Proposed thesis: Some people suggest that there is a connection between vaccinations and
diseases although some think differently.
"Vaccines Do Not Cause Autism." Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 23 Nov. 2015.
Web. 25 Feb. 2016. <http://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/concerns/
autism.html>.
The first illnesses that people say is caused by vaccinations is autism. Autism Spectrum
Disorder is a disability that causes the brain to function differently and causes developmental
issues. People with ASD may communicate, behave, and learn in different ways. Recent
estimates from CDCs Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network found that
about 1 in 68 children have been identified with ASD in communities across the United States
(Vaccines Do). There are many studies that prove ASD theory to be false. Back in 2011 an
Institute on Medicine made a report on 8 different vaccines that were given to patients explained
that these vaccination were very safe with rare exceptions (Vaccines Do). There was also a study
that the CDC conducted a study that then added to the previous study that took place in 2011 that
also proved that the vaccines and ASD had no relation.

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A vaccine ingredient that has specifically been studied is thimerosal, a mercury-based
preservative that is used to stop contamination of multi-dose vials of vaccines. In 2004
scientific review by the Institution Of Medicine concluded that the evidence favors rejection of
a causal relationship between thimerosalcontaining vaccines and autism (Vaccines Do). Since
2003, there has been nine CDC studies that have done a large number of research and found no
link between thimerosal-containing vaccines and ASD in children.
"Vaccines and Side Effects: The Facts." Healthy Children. Immunizations Infectious Dis
eases: An Informed Parent's Guide, 21 Nov. 2015. Web. 25 Feb. 2016.
<https://

www.healthychildren.org/English/safety-

prevention/immunizations/Pages/Vaccines-And-Side-Effects-The-Facts.aspx>.
The next myth is that the Diphtheria-Tentanus-Pertussis (DTP) vaccine is linked with
sudden infant death syndrome. The first dose of DTP is given when a baby is two months old,
which is around the same time of life when SIDS is at a higher risk. A number of studies that go
back to the 1980s looked at the occurrence of SIDS deaths occurring at the time of the DTP
vaccine. The researchers came to the conclusion that the number of deaths was at a level about
equal to the number that would be expected to take place by chance and that is has no relation to
the vaccination (Vaccines).
Another myth is that hepatitis B vaccine causes multiple sclerosis. Although critics have
claimed that hepatitis B immunizations can cause or trigger a relapse of multiple sclerosis, the
IOM safety committee could find no scientific support for the theory. The same report also
concluded that there is no evidence that the hepatitis B vaccine.

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"TheGrowingGlobalProblemofVaccineHesitancy:TimetoTakeAction."International
JournalofPreventiveMedicine.DepartmentofCommunityMedicine,Web.
25Feb.

2016.

<http://eds.b.ebscohost.com.pallas2.tcl.sc.edu/eds/pdfviewer/pdfview

er?

sid=c58df4a09c7b47fb83f0830bf3c0dd1%40sessionmgr115&vid=1&hid=122>.
Immunizationsorvaccineshavebeenusedworldwidetoreducethenumberofillnesses,
disability,etc.AccordingtotherecentestimatesreleasedbytheWorldHealthOrganization,
oneineveryfivechildrenworldwidefailtoreceiveroutinelifesavingvaccines,andalmost1.5
childrendieeveryyearbecauseofthosediseaseswhichcanbedefinitelypreventedbythe
existingvaccines(TheGrowing). Therehasbecomealargenumberofpeoplethathesitateto
getthevaccinesforeitherthemselvesortheirchildrenbecauseofweaknessinthepublichealth
system,poorinfrastructure,andhealthcareworkersconstraints.Thedeterminantsofvaccine
hesitancyincludeconcernsaboutvaccinesafety;mythsprevalentinsociety;lackofawareness
aboututilityandadvantagesofvaccines;mistrustinthepublichealthsystemorhealthcare
workers;influenceofthestakeholdersincludinglocalleadersinshapingupperceptionsamong
thegeneralpopulation;involvedcosts;geographicbarriers;fearofneedles;andpersonal
attributes(TheGrowing).
Inordertoaddresstheissuethatthepublichealthcompanieshavewithvaccine
hesitancy,thereisaneedtohaveveryaccuratehypothesisoftheissueinaveryparticularplace
andinformationaboutthecauseofitsothatstrategiescanbemadetotryandstopthehesitancy

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fromoccurring.Strategieswerebroughtupthatincludedparticipationofreligiousorthe
communitystockholderstobetterthetrendsofvaccinationinthecommunity(TheGrowing).
Mercola, . "Vaccines Have Serious Side Effects - The Institute of Medicine Says So!." Mer
cola. 27 Sept. 2011. Web. 25 Feb. 2016.
<http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/ar

chive/2011/09/27/vaccines-are-

dangerous-says-the-government.aspx>.
Some tend to disagree with the scientist that state there is no relation between the two.
These beliefs came after a review of more than 1,000 vaccine studies, which was intended to
assess the scientific evidence in the medical literature about specific adverse events associated
with eight vaccines for measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, influenza, hepatitis A, hepatitis B,
HPV, diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, and meningococcal (Mercola). Nearly 2 decades
ago the Institute of Medicine discovered scientific evidence of a relationship between specific
vaccines and health issues. The majority of side effects and health problems that have been
thought to have a relationship with vaccinations, basically have no idea whether the vaccination
caused the health issue or not. The IOM report may feel there is too little evidence to make
conclusions about vaccine-induced side effects, but you can make a conclusion for yourself by
reading the IOM report online (Mercola).
Around 10% of children from the age of nineteen to thirty-five months old received extra
vaccination due to the National Immunization Survey data form 1999 to 2003. As of right now
children are expected to get 48 doses of 14 vaccines by the time they are just 6 years old. Their
first vaccine would be given to them the day they are born in the nursery. This "prescription" is
the same for every US child, even though it is well known that all children are not the same

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biologically as the recent Institute of Medicine report clearly points out and some children will
not be able to survive the currently recommended vaccine schedule without suffering serious
harm to their health. And if you take your child to multiple health care providers or facilities, the
odds are high that they may be mistakenly given "extra" vaccines on top of the recommended
schedule (Mercola).
Mayo Clinic, Staff. "Childhood vaccines: Tough questions, straight answers." Mayo Clinic.
12 Feb. 2016. Web. 25 Feb. 2016. <http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/in
fant-and-toddler-health/in-depth/vaccines/art-20048334>.
Childhood vaccines protect children from a variety of serious or potentially fatal
diseases, including diphtheria, measles, polio and whooping cough (pertussis). If these diseases
seem uncommon or even unheard of it's usually because these vaccines are doing their job
(Mayo Clinic). Some may argue that natural immunization is better than vaccinations because
of how natural infection results in better immunity than vaccinations although there are very
serious risks. All vaccinations help prevent serious health issues and other diseases. As told
before given any type of medicine or vaccination they can cause side effects. The side effects are
usually very minor such as fussiness, soreness at the injection site, or a low-grade fever. Very
rarely might a child have an allergic reaction or a neurological side effect (seizures).
People sometimes tend to think that it is okay to pick and choose the vaccinations you
want to get. In reality skipping vaccines is not the smartest thing to do. By skipping your
vaccines it can leave you or your child helpless to serious diseases. Sometimes the only
protection from the vaccines-preventable diseases is the immunity of the people in their
environment. With the immunization rates remaining low it helps the vaccine-preventable
diseases to not become a threat to us.

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Wilson, Sarah E., Shelley L. Deeks, and Laura C. Rosella. "Importance of ICD-10 coding
directive change for acute gastroenteritis (unspecified) for rotavirus vaccine
impact

studies: illustration from a population-based cohort study from

Ontario,

Canada." (2015): 6. Web. 28 Feb. 2016.

<http://eds.b.ebscohost.com.pallas2.tcl.sc.e

du/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?

sid=e5a545fd-c6ae-467f-ac65-e68dc84282de%40ses
sionmgr114&vid=1&hid=122>.
Rotavirus, which consist of any RNA viruses, vaccination is a extremely successful
tactics to put a stop to rotavirus (RV) related to acute gastroenteritis (AGE), which is the most
common source of childhood acute gastroenteritis and an significant correspondent to childhood
morbidity and mortality. The main idea about the article is that the alter that was made in order
for the grouping of unnamed gastroenteritis which happened in the 2009 Version of ICD-10 is
significant for examiners preparation assessment of rotavirus immunization programs to be
aware of. They would speak very highly about the researchers that considered using both A09.9
and K52.9 to make sure that all unnamed instances of acute gastroenteritis, does both suppose
infectious and non-infectious, are detained in research using organizational factual information.

Alexis,
You have compiled some really interesting sources at this point. You do a good job offering a
summary of each and orienting your reader to the discussion, but Id like to read a Little more
about your thoughts on the subject. Im only really counted two articles that I can tell for sure are
peer reviewed. While you dont have to stick to an argument for now, I still need to see the

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direction you are heading in, and Im not sure with these annotations. Again, youve done a great
job setting up the conversation, but Id like to see you begin to engage it.