Human

Development
Fertilization and Birth

Science 9
Unit 1 : Reproduction & Human Development
Nicki Marquis

Overview
Recap from last day : Female Reproductive Anatomy
Fertilization of the egg
After fertilization
Video

But first..lets review our rules of conduct!

We will use appropriate language
Scientific names for body parts (no slang, curse words, or derogatory terms)

We will behave like the YOUNG ADULTS that we are

No joking, teasing, or making silly remarks

Group work = ladies paired with ladies; gentlemen paired with gentlemen
If you have questions you would prefer NOT to ask in class, please deposit your
questions in the QUESTION BOX after class. I will add them to the class blog
with answers.
Have respect for self.and others!
Understand that not all families speak openly about these topics at home

Recap
Puberty

Hormones

gamete production

Indigenous Perspectives, puberty in

other cultures

Puberty in Males

Male Reproductive Anatomy

Structure & Functions

Puberty in Females

Female Reproductive Anatomy

Structure & Functions
The Menstrual Cycle

 You will be divided into 6 small groups:

You will have two tasks
1) Match Structure & Function

Review Activity

2) Identify & Label

You have 5 mins

Review

Female Reproductive Anatomy

Fallopian tube

Urethra:
Tube to the
outside of the
body that
expels urine

Tube that guides

an egg from the
ovary to the
uterus
Gland that
stores and
releases eggs
and produces
estrogen and
progesterone
The structure
that connects
the vagina and
the uterus

Uterus
Ovaries

Cervix

Vagina

A hollow,
muscular
organ where a
fetus develops
A muscular
tube that acts
as the birth
canal


ovary

11

Growing follicle

Mature follicle

Ruptured follicle

10

ovulation

Corpus luteum 6
Follicle: Fluid-filled sac in the
ovary that stores egg cells held at
second division of meiosis

New material..

Fertilization of the Egg

http://colecpbio.pbworks.com/f/pic00.gif

How is the egg fertilized?

http://blm1128.blogspot.ca/2011/04/objective-71-explore-how-spermatozoa.html

Fertilization of the Egg

The moment of fertilization (or
conception) occurs when the egg is
joined by the sperm in the fallopian
tube and the sperm penetrates the
outer membrane of the egg:
-becomes a diploid zygote
http://cx.aos.ask.com/question/aq/1400px-788px/sperm-celltail_777f477c76c734c1.jpg

What happens immediately after?

The surface of the egg becomes
impermeable to any other sperm
cells

After Fertilization
Day 1 : 24 hrs after fertilization =
zygote begins process of cleavage
Day 2 : 2-cell embryo
Day 3 : 4-cell embryo
Day 4 : 16-cell embryo
Day 5 : approximately when
blastocyst forms
A hollow ball of cells (after many
cleavages)

Day 7 : Embry start implantation

When blastocyst attaches to the
endometrium that lines the uterus
http://www.nature.com/gt/journal/v12/n24/images/3302651f1.jpg

After Fertilization
The blastocyst forms two layers:
Inner = mass of cells develop the baby
Outer = divides to form 2 separate tissues
The amnion
Forms the amniotic sac a fluid-filled sac that
protects the baby

The chorion
Helps form the placenta organ that connects
the embryo to the uterine wall
Allows for exchange of O2, nutrients, and
CO2 between mom and baby
Has blood vessels from both mom and baby
Embryo is connected to placenta by the
umbilical cord.
http://study.com/academy/lesson/the-placenta-and-the-fetus-structure-andfunction.html

Fertilization of the Egg

First Nations & Metis Perspective:
Life begins at conception!
Why?
Because the Creator gave Spirit to all
living things
thus all LIFE = SACRED
Therefore life is a gift and deserves
respect!!

http://www.uleth.ca/first-nations-metis-inuit/content/miscellaneous

Fertilization of the Egg

Video: From Sperm to Fetus in 3D
https://youtu.be/R-lrEBevJ60

 Lab: Egg structure

Signs of Pregnancy
The Fetus
Birth

Contraceptive & Reproductive Technology

Coming up