Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
u + (v + w)
VALE
=
A2 = u + v = v + u
u+v
(x1, y1) + (x2, y2)
(x1 + x2 + 1, y1 + y2 + 1)
v+u
VALE
=
A3 = u + 0 = u
(x1 + y1) + (0, 0)
(x1 + 0 + 1 , y1 + 0 + 1)
(x1 + 1, y1 + 1) u
FALHA
A4 = u + (-u) = 0
(x1, y1) + (-x1, -y1)
(x1 x1 + 1 , y1 y1 + 1)
(1, 1) 0
FALHA
NOTA
SUBESPACO
1
2 2
| v=|
|
1
2 2
1
I) u + v = |
1
1
2 2
| +|
|
1
2 2
1 + 2
=|
1 + 2
1
II) .u = . |
1
|=|
1 2
|
1 + 2
1
1 1
|=. |
|
1
1
1
1
|=|
1
0
|+|
0
0
0
0
|+|
0
1
1 1
0
| = x|
| + y|
0
0
0
U=[|
|+|
|+|
|+|
SUBESPACO
0
0
|+|
0
0
0
0
| + z|
0
1
0
|
1
0
0
| + w|
0
0
0
|
1
|]
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
c) v = (x1, x1 + 2, 0) u = (x2, x2 + 2, 0)
I) u + v = (x1, x1 + 2, 0) + (x2, x2 + 2, 0)
= (x1 + x2, x1 + x2 + 4, 0)
NO SUBESPACO
a = ( 2, 4 ,0) b= (3, 5, 0)
u + v = (2 + 3, 4 + 5, 0)
= (5, 9, 0)
ERRADO
3. (1,8) Determine:
a) O subespao S do R gerado pelo conjunto {(- 1, - 2, 3), (3, 3, - 4)}
b) Para que valor de k o vetor (- 1, 4, k) combinao linear de u = (3, 2, 1) e v = (6, 3, 3)?
a) [v1, v2] = (x, y, z) / (x, y, z) = a(-1, -2, -3) b(3, 3, 4)
(x, y, z) = (-a, -2a, -3a) + (3b, 3b, -4b)
= (-a + 3b, -2a + 3b, 3a -4b)
-a + 3b = x
-2a + 3b = y
3a -4b = z
-a + 3b = x
-2a + 3b = y
a=xy
-2(x-y) +3b = y
-2x + 2y + 3b = y
3b = y + 2x 2y
3b = 2x y
b = 2x -y
3
3(x y) -4(2x y) = z
3
3x -3y -8x +4y = z
1 1 3 3 1
9x -9y -8x +4y = 3z
x -5y -3z =0
____________________________________________________________________________
b) (-1, 4, k) = a(3, 2, 1) + b(6, 3, 3)
(3a, 2a, a) + (6b, 3b, 3b)
3a + 6b = -1
2a + 3b = 4 (. -2)
a + 3b = k
9 + 3 14 = k
3
9 + 14 = k
K = 23
3a + 6b = -1
-4a -6b = -8
a=+9
2a + 3b = 4
18 + 3b = 4
3b = -14
b = 14
3
a + 2b + 5c = 0
-a - 2b -5c = 0
2a + 2b + 2c = 0
- 2a + 4b + 8c = 0
-2b 6c =0
-2b = 6c
2a +4.(-3) + 8c = 0
2a 12c + 8c = 0
2a = 4c
a = 2c
b = -3c
3a + 9b + 27c = 0
3(2c) + 9(-3c) + 27c = 0
6c -27c + 27c = 0
6c = 0
Resposta: Os vetores so L.I
____________________________________________________________________________
5. a) (1,0) Dar uma base e a dimenso do subespao W de , em que:
W = {(x, y, z, t) | x y = y e x 3y + t = 0}.
xy=x
x=y+y
x -3y + t = 0
2y -3y + t = 0
x = 2y
-y = -t .(-1)
x = 2t
y=t
(2t, t , z , t)
(2t, t, 0, t) + (0, 0, z, 0)
t(2, 1, 0, 1) + z(0, 0, 1, 0)
A={(2, 1, 0, 1),(0, 0, 1, 0)} gera W
Ver se L.I
a(2, 1, 0, 1) + b(0, 0, 1, 0) = (0, 0, 0, 0)
2a = 0
a = 0/2
a=0
a=0
b=0
a=0
b) (0,5) Complete o conjunto encontrado como base de W na letra (a), at que se torne uma base
do .