6.1 A. Estimate The Factor Effects. Which Effects Appear To Be Large?

6.1a.Estimatethefactoreffects.Whicheffectsappeartobelarge?
EffectB,C,andACappearstobelarge.
6.1b.
Letalpha=0.05.
FactorA
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorAeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorAeffect.
Pvalueis0.8837muchlargerthanalpha,thereforefailedtorejectnullhypothesis.Thereisno
significantdifferenceinfactorAeffect.
FactorB*
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorBeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorBeffect.
Pvalueis0.0001smallerthanalpha,thereforerejectnullhypothesis.Thereisasignificant
differenceinfactorBeffect.
FactorC*
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorCeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorCeffect.
differenceinfactorCeffect.
FactorAB
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorABfactoreffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorABfactoreffect.
Pvalueis0.4681largerthanalpha,thereforefailedtorejectnullhypothesis.Thereisno
significantdifferenceinfactorABeffect.
FactorAC*
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorACfactoreffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorACfactoreffect.
differenceinfactorACeffect.
FactorBC
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorBCfactoreffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorBCfactoreffect.
Pvalueis0.2245islargerthanalpha,thereforefailedtorejectnullhypothesis.Thereisno
significantdifferenceinfactorBCeffect.
FactorABC
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorABCfactoreffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorABCfactoreffect.
Pvalueis0.3483islargerthanalpha,thereforefailedtorejectnullhypothesis.Thereisno
significantdifferenceinfactorABCeffect.
6.1d
Thegraphlookslikeitformsastraightlinesoourassumptionthatthesampleisnormalisgood.
ShapiroWilkTest:
H0:thesamplescamefromaNormaldistribution
H1:thesamplesdidntcomefromaNormaldistribution
pval:0.0617>0.05,failedtorejectthenullhypothesis,thereforethesampledidcamefroma
Normaldistribution.
Thisgraphlooksverysymmetricandthereisnoclearpatternsotheconstantvariance
assumptionisnotviolated.
Thevarianceconstantassumptiondoesntseemtobeviolated,thelowandthehighlevelfor
factorAareroughlythesamelikewiseforfactorB.
ThevarianceconstantassumptiondoesntseemtobeviolatedinC,AB,AC,andBC.Thereis
nofunnelpattern.
ThevarianceconstantassumptiondoesntseemtobeviolatedinABCfactor.Thevarianceis
similartoeachother.Thereisnofunnelpattern.
6.e
Threefactors/interactionsaregraphedbecausetheyaretheoneswithsignificantdifferences.
Lookingatthesegraphs,wewouldliketohaveahighleveltoolgeometry(factorB)becauseit
increasesthelifeofamachinetool.Wewouldalsoliketohavealowcuttingspeed(factorA)
andahighlevelcuttingangle(factorC).
6.5a.
Letalpha=0.05.
FactorA*
H0:
H1:
differenceinfactorAeffect.
FactorB*
H0:
H1:
FactorAB*
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorABeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorABeffect.
differenceinfactorABeffect.
6.5b.
Thegraphlookslikeitformsastraightlinesoourassumptionthatthesampleisnormalisgood.
ShapiroWilkTest:
Normaldistribution.
Thisgraphlooksverysymmetricandthereisnoclearpatternsotheconstantvariance
assumptionisnotviolated.
ThevarianceconstantassumptiondoesntseemtobeviolatedinA,B,andABgraph.Thereis
nofunnelpattern.
6.5c.
WewantalowlevelAwhichisasmallbitsizeof1/16inch.Thespeeddoesntmakemuchofa
differencewhenfactorAisatlowlevelbutwecanhaveBtobehighlevelwhichis90rpm.
6.7a
Theestimatedeffectaregiveninthesecondcolumnandthefirstcolumnlisttherespective
factors.
6.7b
FactorsA,C,D,AB,AD,ABC,ABDandABCDhassignificanteffectonyieldsincethePvalues
forthesefactorsarelessthan0.05.
Letalpha=0.05.
FactorA*
H0:
H1:
Pvalueis0.0001smallerthanalpha,thereforerejectnullhypothesis.Thereisasignificantdifferencein
factorAeffect.
FactorB
H0:
H1:
Pvalueis0.1984largerthanalpha,thereforefailedtorejectthenullhypothesis.Thereisnosignificant
FactorC*
H0:
H1:
factorCeffect.
FactorD*
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorDeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorDeffect.
Pvalueis0.001smallerthanalpha,thereforerejectnullhypothesis.Thereisasignificantdifferenceinfactor
Deffect.
FactorAB*
H0:
H1:
factorABeffect.
FactorAC
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorACeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorACeffect.
FactorAD*
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorADeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorADeffect.

factorADeffect.
FactorBC
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorBCeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorBCeffect.
differenceinfactorBCeffect.
FactorBD
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorBDeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorBDeffect.
differenceinfactorBDeffect.
FactorCD
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorCDeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorCDeffect.
differenceinfactorCDeffect.
FactorABC*
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorABCeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorABCeffect.
Pvalueis<0.0001smallerthanalpha,thereforerejectnullhypothesis.Thereisasignificantdifferencein
factorABCeffect.
FactorABD*
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorABDeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorABDeffect.
factorABDeffect.
FactorACD
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorACDeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorACDeffect.
differenceinfactorACDeffect.
FactorBCD
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorBCDeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorBCDeffect.

differenceinfactorBCDeffect.
FactorABCD*
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorABCDeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorABCDeffect.
factorABCDeffect.
6.7c
6.7c
Plottheresidualsversusthepredictedyieldandonanormalprobabilityscale.
Doesthe
residualanalysisappearsatisfactory?
Thislooksgoodthereisnopatternhereanditisformingabandaroundthehorizontalline.
Yesthisdoesappeartobesatisfactory,it
lookslikeastraightlinearlinewithaslope,
soourassumptionthatthesampleis
normalisgood.
ShapiroWilkTest:
Normaldistribution.
Ourconstantvarianceassumptionisnotviolatedthereisnofunnelorfanningpatterninanyof
thesegraphsbelow.
6.7e)Twothreefactorinteractions,
ABC
and
ABD
,apparentlyhavelargeeffects.Drawacubeplotinthe
factors
A,B
,and
C
withtheaverageyieldsshownateachcorner.Repeatusingthefactors
A,B
,and
D
.Do
thesetwoplotsaidindatainterpretation?Wherewouldyourecommendthattheprocessberunwith
respecttothefourvariables?
Seehandwrittenfordrawing.
Fromthecube,themeansofthefactorlevelsareshownonthecornersofthecubeplot.
Lowlevelsareleftfrontandrightfrontfortheleftcube.Thehighlevelisthebackright
andfrontrightintheleftcube.Therightcubethehighlevelonfrontandbackonthe
rightside.

7.2FactoreffectsandANOVAtable
Alltheeffects(A,B,AB)seemstobelarge.
Letalpha=0.05.
FactorA*
H0:
H1:
Pvalueis0.000muchsmallerthanalpha,thereforerejectnullhypothesis.Thereisasignificant
differenceinfactorAeffect.
FactorB*
H0:
H1:
FactorAB*
H0:
H1:
differenceinfactorABeffect.

7.2residuals
Thegraphlookslikeitformsastraightlinesoour
assumptionthatthesampleisnormalisgood.
ShapiroWilkTest:
Normaldistribution.
Thereisnopatternheresoourassumptionof
variancebeingconstantisnotviolated.
Ourconstantvarianceassumptionisnotviolatedthereisnofunnelorfanningpattern.
7.5Design

7.5Analyze
ThemaineffectsthatarelargeareA,D,AB,ABC,andABD.
Letalpha=0.05.
FactorA*
H0:
H1:
Aeffect.
FactorB
H0:
H1:
FactorC
H0:
H1:
Pvalueis0.641largerthanalpha,thereforefailedtorejectnullhypothesis.Thereisnosignificantdifference
infactorCeffect.
FactorD*
H0:
H1:
Deffect.
FactorAB
H0:
H1:
Pvalueis0.053largerthanalpha,thereforefailedrejectnullhypothesis.Thereisnosignificantdifferencein
factorABeffect.
FactorAC
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorACeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorACeffect.
FactorAD
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorADeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorADeffect.
Pvalueis0.081largerthanalpha,thereforefailedtorejectnullhypothesis.Thereisnosignificantdifference
infactorADeffect.
FactorBC
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorBCeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorBCeffect.
differenceinfactorBCeffect.
FactorBD
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorBDeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorBDeffect.
differenceinfactorBDeffect.

FactorCD
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorCDeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorCDeffect.
differenceinfactorCDeffect.
FactorABC*
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorABCeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorABCeffect.
ABCeffect.
FactorABD*
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorABDeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorABDeffect.
ABDeffect.
7.6design
7.6analysis
Letalpha=0.05.
FactorA*
H0:
H1:
Aeffect.
FactorD*
H0:
H1:
Deffect.
FactorAB*
H0:
H1:
ABeffect.
FactorABCD
H0:
ThereisnosignificantdifferenceinfactorABCDeffect.
H1:
ThereissignificantdifferenceinfactorABCDeffect.
differenceinfactorABCDeffect.
7.21
Factorsthatareconfounded:ABCD,ABEF,ACE,BDE,CDEF,BCF,ADF.

6.1 A. Estimate The Factor Effects. Which Effects Appear To Be Large?

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6.1 A. Estimate The Factor Effects. Which Effects Appear To Be Large?

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6.1a.Estimatethefactoreffects.Whicheffectsappeartobelarge?

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