Asignatura:

Fundamentos Matemticos
Actividad 1

Presenta
Blanca Nubia Nieto Avila

Docente
Licenciada.
Ruth Esperanza Herrera Rincn

Ciudad Villavicencio .Meta, Octubre , 23 de 2014

EJERCICIOS 1-1
1. Establezca si cada una de las
siguientes igualdades es vlida o
no. Reemplace cada proposicin
falsa por una que sea correcta.
3 x+ 4 x=7 x
a)
(verdadera)
( 3 x ) ( 4 x ) =7 x
b)
(falsa). ( 3 x ) ( 4 x ) =12 x
2 (54 y )=104 y
c)
(falsa). 2 (54 y )=108 y
( x + y )=x + y
d)
(falsa). ( x + y )=x y
5 x( 23 x )=2 x2
e)
(falsa). 5 x( 23 x )=8 x2
f) 52 x=3 x (falsa). 52 x=52 x
3 ( x2 y )=3 x6 y
g)
(falsa). 3 ( x2 y )=3 x+ 6 y
2

h)
i)

(a )(b ) (c )
abc
=(
)
d
(d )
a
=( ac)/b
b
c

(falsa).

(a )(b ) (c )
=abc /d
d

(verdadera)

j) a( bc )=( a+ c ) b (verdadera)
(x ) ( y )=xy
k)
(falsa). ( x ) (y )= xy
a
l) b =a/b (verdadera)

m)

0
=0
x

para

todos

los

nmeros

reales x
(2-60)
simplifique
expresiones.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

las

5(3 ) =5+3=8
7(3 )=7+3=4
5(3)=15

(3 )(7 ) =21
8
=4
2

(9 ) / (3 )=3
( 26 ) =4
(43 )=7

( 3 ) (2 ) (4 )=24
(5 )(3 ) (2 ) =30
3 ( 14 )=9
2 (23 )=2 (5 )=10
2 (42 )=2 (6 )=12
4 ( 36 )=4 (3 )=12
62 (32 )=62 (5 )=6+10=4
3 ( x+2 y )=3 x +6 y
4 (2 x + z )=8 x+ 4 z
2 (2 x y ) =4 x2 y
3 ( 4 z2 x )=12 z6 x

siguientes

21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.

( x6 )=x+ 6
(x3 ) =x+ 3
3 ( x4 )=3 x12
2 (x3 )=2 x +6
2 (x2 )=2 x+ 4
4 ( x6 )=4 x +24
x ( y6 )=xy+ 6 x
x (y 6 ) =xy+ 6 x
2 ( x y )+ 4 x=2 x2 y +4 x =6 x2 y
3 y+ 4 ( x +2 y )=3 y +4 x +8 y =11 y+ 4 x
2 z3 ( x2 z )=2 z3 x +6 z=4 z3 x
4 x2 ( 3 z2 x )=4 x6 z +4 x =6 z

( x+ y )+ 4 ( x y ) =x+ y + 4 x4 y=5 x3 y
3 ( y2 x )2 (2 x2 y )=3 y6 x 4 x +4 y=7 y10 x
5 ( 7 x 2 y ) 4 ( 3 y 2 x )=35 x10 y12 y +8 x=43 x22 y
4 ( 8 z 2t )3 (t4 z )=32 z8 t +3 t+12 z=44 z5 t
x ( y ) (z )=xyz

(x ) ( y )(z )=xyz
(2 )(x )( x +3 )=2 x ( x +3 ) =2 x 2 +6 x
(x ) ( y )( 23 z )=xy ( 23 z )=2 xy3 xyz
2 (a )( 3a ) =2 a ( 3a )=6 a+ 2 a2

(37 p )( 2 q ) ( q p )=74 pq ( q p ) =74 p q274 p 2 q

x (2 ) (x4 ) =2 x (x4 )=2 x 2 +8 x

(2 x ) (3 ) ( y4 )=6 x (y 4 )=6 xy24 x

2

x ( x2 ) +2 ( x 1 )=x +2 x+ 2 x2=x +4 x2

46.
2 (3 x ) (2 y +1 ) ( y ) ( 45 x )=6 x (2 y +1 )(4 y +5 xy )=12 xy+ 6 x+ 4 y5 xy =6 x17 xy+ 4 y

47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.

2 x +52 ( x +2 )=2 x +52 x4=1

3 xt2 ( x t ) =3 x t 2 x +2 t=x+t
2 ( x y )x=2 x2 yx=x2 y
4 x ( x+ y )x 2=4 x2 + 4 xyx 2=3 x 2+ 4 xy
4 [ 2 ( x +1 )3 ] =4 [ 2 x+23 ] =4 [ 2 x1 ] =8 x4
2

x [ 3 ( x2 )2 x +1 ]=x [ 3 x62 x+1 ]=x [ x5 ] =x 5 x

x [ 3 (4+5 )+3 ] =x [ 3 ( 1 )+ 3 ]=x [3+3 ] =x [ 3+ 3 ] =x [ 0 ] =0

4 [ x ( 25 ) 2 ( 12 x ) ] =4 [ x (3 )2+ 4 x ] =4 [ 3 x2+ 4 x ] =4 [ x2 ] =4 x8

55.
56.
57.

x1 ( x+ 2 )=x 0 +2 x 1=1+2 x1
x1 ( 2 x 1 )=2 x0 x1 =2x1
(2 x ) ( 3 x1 )=

3 x1 3 x
1
3 1
=

=
+
2 x 2 x 2 x 2 2 x

58.

(3 x )1 ( 6+2 x )=

6+2 x
6
2 x 2 2
=
+
=
3 x 3 x 3 x x 3

59.

(xy)1 ( x+ y )=

60.

(xy)1 (2 x3 y )=

x+ y x y 1 1
= + = +
xy
xy xy y x
2 x3 y 2 x
3 y 2 3
=

=
+
xy
xy xy
y x

EJERCICIOS 1-2
1. Establezca si cada una de las
siguientes igualdades es vlida o

no. Reemplace cada proposicin

falsa por una que sea correcta.
3 4 7
+ =
x x x (verdadera)
a)
b)

x x x
+ =
3 4 7

c)

a c a+c
+ =
b d b+d

d)

c
e
a d
ace
(
)=
b
f
bdf

e)

a
b
( )/ e
c
d
adf
=
f
bce

f)

c
/e
a d
adf
/(
)=
b
f
bce

(falsa).
(falsa).

g)
h)

x
1
=
x + y 1+ y

i)

6
8
7
69+78
=
9
79

j)

1+ 2+ 3+4 +5 1
=
2+ 4+ 6+8+10 2

a c ad +cb
+ =
b d
bd

(verdadera)

(verdadera)

(falsa).

1 1
1
+ =
a b a+ b

x x 4 x+3 x 7 x
+ =
=
3 4
12
12

c
/e
a d
ade
/(
)=
b
f
bcf

(falsa).

1 1 b+ a
+ =
a b ab

(falsa).

x
x
=
x + y x+ y

(falsa).

6
8
7
68
=
9
79

(verdadera)

(2-58) Evalu cada una de las

siguientes expresiones. Escriba las
respuestas en trminos ms simples.

2.

2
6
9
12 4
= =
5
45 15

3.

=10
( 83 )( 154 )= 120
12

4.

3
8
4
4
5
96
8
=
=
9
180 15

5.

2
3
5
10
6
42 1
=
=
7
210 5

6.

75 x 1
=
( 325x )( 925x )= 225
x 3

7.

xy 35 x
=
( 1415 xy )( 2524y )= 350
360 y
36

8.

6y
42 x2 y
7x
=
=2 xy
21 x
21 x
2

( )

2 x (
10 x2 y 10 x 2
5 xy )=
=
3y
3y
3

( )
( 1811 ) = 594 = 27
88
4
10.
8
( 33 )
9.

( 143 ) = 210 = 35
11.
( 156 ) 18 3
12.

4
9

4
9
12 1
= =
=
2
16 144 12
8
3
3

13.

12
15
25
180
7
175 1260 9
=
=
=
20
20 3500 25
7
7

( 710x ) = 35 x = 1
14.
( 215x ) 210 x 6
15.

2 x 10 x 10
=
=
3 xy 3 xy 3 y
5

16.

4
36 x 9 x
=
=
8
8
2
9x

( 83x ) = 45
17.
( 415x ) 32 x

18.

3 x2
12 x 2 y
4 y
20
20
300 x 2 y 5 x
=
=
=
6 xy
6 xy
120 xy
2
25
25

19.

5x
3 y
2
15 xy
4
8
180 xy 45
= 2 =
=
2
x y
x y
8 x2 y 2 x
12
12

20.

8 xy
8 xy 120 x y 30 y
=
=
=
2
2
2x
x
4
x
4
x
2 x
3
15 y
5y

21.

6 x2
6 x2
12 x 2 y x
=
=
=
2
2
4x
y
2
12
xy
12
xy
3 y
y
2y
2

22.

8
9t
s
1
3 st

()
4

23.

24.

25.

24 st
s
2
2
9t
24 s t 2 s
=
=
=
4
36 t
3

3
4 xy
2 xy
x
3y
2 xy
y
4 x2 y
6 xy 2
y
=
=
=
2
9
9
36 x y 6 x

( )

2
x
z
4
2
xz 4 z 1
= =
=
4
4 4 xz x
z
z

()

2 xt
3
x
8 x t2
4t
3x
24 x t 2
=
=
=4 t
2t
2t
6 xt
3
3

( )

26.

2
2
z
z 16
= 2= 3
z z
z
2
8
4
z

27.

2 xt 2 xt
3
3
3
3
16 x t 16 t
=
=
=
x
3x
9x
9
2
4t
8t
2t
3

28.

1 1 26 4 1
=
=
=
6 2
12
12 3

29.

1 1 3+ 2 5 1
+ =
= =
10 15 30 30 6

30.

4 x x 8 xx 7 x
=
=
5 10
10
10

31.

1 1 2+1 3
+ =
=
x 2 x 2x 2x

32.

x x 3 x +2 x 5 x
+ =
=
2 3
6
6

33.

y 1 3 y +2
+ =
2x 3x
6x

34.

a
a a3 a 2 a a
=
=
=
6 b 2b
6b
6b 3b

35.

a 2 a 3 a+ 4 a 7 a
+ =
=
6 b 9b
18 b
18 b

36.

7
3
14 x +9
+ 2=
6x 4x
12 x 2

37.

3y
1 9 y5 x
=
2
10 x 6 x
30 x 2

38.

x
y qx + py
+ = 2
2
p pq
p q

39.

x y z x2 z + x y 2 + y z2
+ + =
y z x
xyz

40.

x y x2 y 2
=
y x
xy

41.

x2
x 2 +12 y 2
+4 y=
3y
3y

42.

1 2 x 1 4+ x2 x +12+3 x 2 3 x 2+ x +12
+ + = +
=
=
6 x 2 6
2x
6x
6x

43.

1 2 x 1 4x 2 x12+3 x 2 3 x 2+ x 12
=
=
=
6
x 2 6
2x
6x
6x

( ) (
(

44.
2

a
a b
a
2 a b
a
2 a b
a 6 a +3 b 5 a +3 b
2
= 2
=
=
=
3b
b 2a 3b
2 ab
3b
ab
3 ab
3 ab

45.

x 2 x 2 +4
+
2 x
2x
x 3 +4 x x 2+ 4
=
=
=
6
6
12 x
12
x
x

46.

x
1
2 x +3
+
3
2
9 y 6 xy
18 xy
6 x y +9 xy 2 x + 3
=
=
=
1
1
18 xy
6
3 xy
3 xy

47.

1 2 58 3

4 5
20
20 30 1
=
=
=
=
1 1 52
3
60
2

2 5
10
10

2 1
7 1
8+1
14+ 5
9
19 171 57
+ )( + )=(
(
=( )( )=
(
)
)
48. 3 12 10 4 12 20 12 20 240 = 80

49.

1 1 32
1

2 3
6
6 20 10
=
= = =
1 1 5+ 4
9 54 27
+
4 5
20
20

50.

8 2 24+10 34
+
5 3
15
15 238 119
=
= =
=
4
14+ 4 18 270 135
2+
7
7
7

51.

1 1 43
1

3 4
12
12 30 5
=
= = =
1 1 65
1 12 2

5 6
30
30
3 83
5
4
4
4
40 2
=
= =
=
1 24 +1 25 100 5
3+
8
8
8

52.

53.

2 x 21 x2 x 19 x
3
3
3
57 x 19 x
=
=
=
=
y
45 y y 44 y 132 y 44 y
15 y
3
3
3

54.

1
1
32
1

2x 3 x
6x
6 x 20 y 10 y
=
=
=
=
1
1
54
1
6x
3x

4 y 5 y 20 y 20 y

7 x

55.
56.

a 23 a
( 23 ab )( 45b )+ a = 815a +a = 8 a+15
15
15 23 a
=
=
2 b+

b
15

58.

31 b
15

31 b
15

31 b

2
2
2
2
2
p
p
5p p
20 p + 3 p
23 p
+
+
3 8q
6q 8q
24 q
24 q
276 p2 23 p
=
=
=
=
=
p
48 p+ p
49 p
49 p 1176 pq 98 q
4 p+
12
12
12
12

5p
2q

( )( )
a 2a
+
b 3b

57.

30 b+b
15

3 a+2 a
3b

[ ][ ]
3x
8

x 1

9 4

3x
8
4 x9
36

5a
3b
160 ax360 a
=
=
324 bx
108 x
32 x72

xy
xy
xy
xy
6
6
6
6
42 x 2 y 7 x2 y
=
=
=
=
=
288
48
48
2
2
2
42 x
3
3
3
x 3x
4 x18 x
14 x

6 4
24
24

[ ][ ][ ]

[ ]