Académique Documents
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Management
Order Engine
Customizing and Configuration of DBM Order
Engine
Date: September 2007
Release: DBM 6.00, SP02
SAP
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................5
1.1
1.2
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1 Introduction
1.1 Purpose of the document
As a Dealer Management System, this component (DBM) supports the industry-specific
sales and service processes of dealers and dealer organizations, as well as vehicle
importers, authorized dealers, and OEM vendors. This includes handling of new and used
vehicles sales, vehicle service, and parts management.
The component is distinguished by its multi-brand capability as well as its ability to manage
different locations, customer-specific settings with regard to language and country, such as
currency and taxes, mean that it can be deployed worldwide.
The component supports the integration of processes between the dealer and the Original
Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) within a vehicle order (vertical integration). Furthermore, it
also supports horizontal integration between dealers. For example, members of dealer
organizations can obtain an overview of the parts and vehicles in stock for the entire dealer
organization.
As a dealer, you can manage an order from its creation, through its completion, and right
down to its billing phase. Order Engine enables processes to be modeled flexibly. In this
way, you can meet different requirements that arise from the OEM or due to the size of a
company.
This document provides you with a description of the Order Engine concept in Dealer
Business Management (DBM) solution.
The target audience of this document is implementation consultants. It describes in detail
how the customer business process can be mapped in the DBM solution using events and
actions.
For reasons of simplicity, we use the term dealer throughout this document.
According to context, this term can refer to the car dealer or dealer organizations,
vehicle importers, authorized dealers, or OEM-dedicated vendors.
We also use the term, DBM Order, to refer to orders of all types, such as, Service
Order, Vehicle Order or Parts Order.
1.2 Overview
The Order Engine concept is new and used flexibly in DBM solution. It dealers to control
their business processes based on different criteria like Control Code, Order Type, Item
Category, etc.
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The Order Engine concept uses the Events and Actions to control the business processes.
The criteria technique is used to determine actions for an event in a highly flexible manner.
We describe the criteria technique in detail in subsequent sections.
EVENTS
An event refers to a business process step or representation of multiple process steps.
An event is triggered directly by the user, an external interface, or indirectly, for example,
when creating a new order, adding new items to an order, or performing other business
steps.
An event can determine one or more actions.
If the user triggers an event, the Order Engine is called and it executes the determined
order actions in the sequence defined in Order Engine Customizing.
ACTIONS
An action refers to a self-contained business transaction. At the end of an order action, the
system can, for example, trigger an update, set the status, include a new document to
document flow, etc.
The actions can be classified into two groups:
- Business actions that create a dependant document and set a status
- Order actions that control and change the order
Each action results in an implementation where the business logic is implemented.
The link between events and actions is set in the Order Engine Action Control
customizing. For more information, see section 2.4.
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The graphic below depicts the operational flow of the Order Engine.
ORDER ENGINE
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For a detailed description of the settings, see the respective sub-section under
Customizing.
System events must not be changed in any way, as this may have unexpected
consequences. For example, if a System Event is deleted, the associated program
might terminate. System Events cannot be replaced. Enhancements are possible,
such as, additional actions or subsequent events.
In the Display View Events: Details screen, you can maintain customizing in the following
areas:
In the application screen area where it is possible to maintain information on the
event itself, such as, Event name, Event description, Selection level, and so on
In the structure under Subsequent Event where you can add, modify, or both,
subsequent events and specify their sequence of execution
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2.2.1.1 Event
Event the name of the event must be unique.
2.2.1.2 Description
Description free text that best describes the event. It should be maintained in all the used
languages.
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This field is used by the Order Engine in conjunction with the Selection Dialog Box (Event
Customizing). For an event, it is defined on the level the selection must be done. Based on
the selection level, the Order Engine flags the right entries and executes the event.
Possible entries, for the flag selection level, are:
0
1
2
3
4
7
Header
Job
Item
Split Header
Split Header and Job
Task
Possibility to redefine
the logic for selection
The levels described here are the standard selection levels delivered by SAP. These
selection levels cover most business processes. To cover customer-specific business
processes that cannot be mapped by the standard selection levels, we offer an
enhancement concept via BADI implementation. You can then redefine your selection
levels. See the example above.
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For the event GDSMVT_CREATE the Selection Level is Item, then the user
must select the items that should be posted in DBM Order (on the Item tab page,
you must select the item(s) in the ALV grid), otherwise no item is selected and a
message is displayed.
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Subsequently the Order Engine executes the action(s) assigned to the event for all
the selected items.
For the event GDSMVT_CREATE the Selection Level is Item, then the user can
select the items to be posted, in the DBM Order. (You can select the Items from
the Item list). If you do not select the items in DBM, a selection dialog window will
appear, populated with all items from the order. You then select those items for
posting.
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2 Always Display Independent of the Items selected in the DBM order itself,
a selection dialog window will always be displayed and the user must select the
entry/entries. Subsequently the Order Engine executes the action(s) assigned to
the event for all the selected items.
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If a dependant business object is created with an event, the flag must be set,
otherwise, inconsistencies may occur, for example, labor value added -> confirm ->
leave order without save
A confirmation was done for an item, that was never
saved.
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Event ITEM_DELETE has its own button on UI. The button is shown in the toolbar
of the ALV grid.
ITEM_DELETE
own button on UI
The event create notification (NOTIF_CREATE) is shown in the list of events. The
event is shown only if it can be executed (at least one action assigned to this event
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can be executed) otherwise is hidden. The Order Engine controls the displaying or
hiding the event based on customizing.
List of Events
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2.2.1.10
Event Exit Flag Setting this flag triggers exit of the Order after the completion of the
execution of the Event.
Example: If you set this flag for event ORD_SAVE the order maintenance transaction will
be exited after saving.
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System Events must not be changed, as this may have unexpected consequences.
For example, if they are deleted, the associated program might terminate.
System Events cannot be replaced as these events are hard-coded in the program
flow. System Events can, however, be enhanced by additional actions.
Tools on
event level
Event Tree gives a picture regarding the actions determined and subsequent
events assigned to the selected event. You can see which actions are triggered by
the selected event and for each action it shows the execution level, the status
assigned to it, status level and if a Commit should be done. With this feature you
see all relevant information regarding the event and assigned actions without
navigating to the action itself. You can also navigate to the implementation of the
Actions from the tree.
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Check performs elementary checks on event level as defined in the check tool.
For example this tool checks if the event is already linked to an action or if the
event has an access sequence assigned to it.
Relevance it gives an overview regarding the criteria fields involved in
determining the actions assigned to the event.
For the event GDSMVT_CREATE the relevant criteria fields are sales document
category and technical item category.
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Subsequent Events are called after the completion of an event to which they are
assigned. This is not the same as in the case of a recursive event call. Here, the event
A is called from another event B through an action assigned to the event B.
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System actions should not be changed or deleted. However, you can add new actions.
To configure settings for the Order Engine Action in Customizing, choose Logistics
Execution
Dealer Business Management (DBM)
Order
Order Control
Enhancements
Define Actions.
All defined actions are displayed and the user has the possibility to select the action, and
click on Details to modify the properties of the Action.
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The action maintenance screen consists of two specific areas for maintenance of
Customizing:
The Detail area where the user maintains the primary information regarding the
Action, such as, the action name, action description, execution level, status level,
and so on.
The Status node where the Order Engine status prerequisites are maintained and
these are used to determine whether an action can be executed or not (doubleclick on Status in the structure).
For each action the Order Engine performs some logical steps independent of the Order
Engine customizing executing the BAdIs implementations, in the sequence defined by
creation of BAdI, in BAdI implementation layer. BAdI implementations assigned to an
action can be part of the SAP standard delivery, or, if the process requires, they can be
those of the customers own BAdIs implementation (range of BAdI implementation layer
100-200).
The link between events and actions is created in Customizing under the Order Engine
Action Control.
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2.3.1.1 Action
Action the name of the action must be unique
2.3.1.2 Description
Description free text that best describes the action. A description of an action is important
for the action log.
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7 Task Level
The execution level influences the implementation of the Action. Therefore, a change of the
execution level is normally not possible without replacing/rewriting the BAdI implementation
for the Action since the implementation relies on the initial selected entries.
2.3.1.4 Update
The Update field provides information to the Order Engine on whether a commit should be
performed or not.
Possible entries are:
1 - Commit
2 - Commit Work and Wait
No Commit
The flag is useful, for instance, if one of the BADI implementations assigned to the action
call standard BAPI, as in such cases it would be necessary to execute a Commit. The
Order Engine checks if the flag Update is set to Commit or Commit Work and Wait,
and if no errors occurred during any of the Actions implementations, then the Order Engine
carries out a commit as is customized.
If the flag Update is set to No Commit the Order Engine does not commit the changes.
These changes would be committed only when a subsequent Action is customized to
Commit.
If an Action requires a database update from the previous action to be completed, than you
must set COMMIT WORK AND WAIT. Example: Creation of material reservation and
posting of a material document.
If a BAPI can be called more than once without commit, it is possible to choose NO
COMMIT and then commit when saving the order.
Independent of the Update flag setting, the Order Engine checks if errors occurred during
an Action execution. In the case of errors, the processing stops and error messages are
displayed.
Commit is always carried out by the Order Engine, no commit statement is allowed in any
Action implementation.
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After every Action the commit will be done after each executed selected
level. Selected level is determined in conjunction with execution level for an action.
For Action CBOOK_WORK the execution level is item. This means that the user
selects the required items on the UI and triggers the event CBOOK_WORK. The
Order Engine will execute the action CBOOK_WORK for each selected item. The
Order Engine will commit repeatedly after each execution of the action for the item.
1 End of an Action the commit will be done at the end of the action. If the
execution level of the action is not header, the action is executed for all selected
items and the commit is done at the end of the action. This commit level is useful if
a single commit is required after the action is executed for all the selected objects.
2 End of an Event the commit will be done at the end of the event.. As
indicated above, an event can be associated with one or more actions. If the event
is associated with more than one action then the Order Engine will execute all the
actions and than do a Commit, if all the actions were successfully executed.
3 After all subsequent Events the Commit will be done after the
execution of all subsequent events.
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Event
A
Action
A
Level
space
Item 10
Commit
Level 1
Item 20
Commit
Commit
Action
B
Action
C
Level 2
Commit
Subsequent Event A
Subsequent Event B
Level 3
Commit
Event
B
Event
n
When using the setting After all subsequent Events, make sure that all actions
assigned to an event have the same commit level. The Order Engine will otherwise
return an error message.
During external calls with NO_COMMIT all actions should have a commit level 3 if
relevant for a commit.
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System actions should not be changed or deleted. However, you can enhance system
actions with additional execution implementations. You can also enhance system
actions by adding checks in the prepare BAdIs implementation.
2.3.1.8 Status ID
The Status ID is the status set for the executed action. The status set by an action could
have an influence on the execution possibility of other actions. For more information, see
the section, Action Status Customizing. For the definition of status level, see Action Status
Customizing.
2.3.1.9
Status Cancellation Flag indicates to the Order Engine whether the Action carries out a
reversal of an action status. If this flag is set, then the Order Engine reverses the status of
the action (set the status back to A).
Example: The action GDSMVT_CANCEL cancels the standard documents and sets the
status GDSMVT_CREATE back to initial.
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SEQ
/DBM/ORDER
TNAME
FNAME
TCODE
BEZEI
BKPF
FB03
Downpayment Request
BKPF
/DBM/SPLHDR_COM
DOCNUM
FB03
Accounting document
BUS2012
ME23N
Pur. Order
BUS2017
Goods Movement
BUS2017
BUS2032
/DBM/VBEP_COM
MBLNR
MB03
MB03
Goods Receipt
/DBM/SPLIT_COM
SDVBELN
VA03
SD Order
BUS2072
/DBM/VBAP_COM
BELNR_K_IN
KSB5
Controlling Document
BUS2072
/DBM/SPLIT_COM
BELNR_E_IN
KSB5
BUS2072
/DBM/SPLIT_COM
BELNR_E_IN
KSB5
BUS2072
/DBM/SPLIT_COM
DOCNUM
KSB5
Controlling Document
Cancel Controlling
Document
Time Management
Controlling Document
BUS2075
/DBM/VBAK_COM
AUFNR
KO03
Internal Order
BUS2075
/DBM/SPLHDR_COM
AUFNR_REC
KO03
Internal Order
BUS2075
/DBM/SPLHDR_COM
DOCNUM
KKF3
CO Production Order
BUS2093
/DBM/VBEP_COM
RSNUM
MB23
Reservation
BUS2105
/DBM/VBAP_COM
BANFN
ME53
Purchase Requisition
BUS2222
/DBM/SPLIT_COM
DOCNUM
WTY
Warranty Claim
BUS2400
/DBM/VBAP_COM
DOCNUM
/DBM/ORDER03
DBM Order
CACSDOC
/DBM/SPLHDR_COM
DOCNUM
CACSMD513
Commission Document
QMSM
/DBM/SPLHDR_COM
DOCNUM
IQS3
Notification task
VBRK
/DBM/SPLIT_COM
DOCNUM
VF03
Billing Document
VBRK
/DBM/SPLIT_COM
DOCNUM
VF03
VBRK
/DBM/SPLIT_COM
DOCNUM
VF03
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The following example of action customizing explains the Document Flow customizing for
the action BILLING_CREATE (that is, create standard billing document).
When the action (BILLING_CREATE) is triggered, the Order Engine is notified that a
business document was created during this action (the flag document flow is set). The
Order Engine is also notified of the object type to which this document should be assigned
(Object Type = VBRK).
As described in the overview section of this document, the Order Engine performs the
following steps, sequentially:
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Create Document in
Document Flow
CALL BADI ->
FINALIZE
Commit
The Order Engine checks if a document should be added to the Document Flow. Based on
the object type (reading the table /DBM/OE_DOCFLOW) the document number is identified
in DBM communication structures (in our example the billing document is stored in table
/dbm/split_com-docnum see the table above).
The action which creates a document flow entry is responsible to write the relevant
document number in the field structure defined in table /dbm/oe_docflow (in our
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example the billing document is passed over the structure /dbm/split_com, field
docnum see the table above).
In table /DBM/OE_DOCFLOW there are two entries for the object type BUS2075 Internal Order, once for internal order assigned to header (/DBM/VBAK_COMAUFNR), and once for internal order assigned to split header (/DBM/SPLHDR_COMAUFNR_REC) but with different sequence number. This results in two different
actions, respectively: INT_ORD_CREATE and INTORD_CREATE_RE. In
Customizing, these are the same object type, however, they have different sequence
numbers. Each of the actions has a different implementations and the action
implementation itself determines which structure must be updated with the internal
order number.
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2.3.1.13
In this IMG activity, you can create a BAdI Implementation that is executed before an order
action is executed.
As described earlier, the Order Engine performs certain steps for each action. One of these
steps is to execute checks at the beginning of an action. If a BAdI implementation was
created for the executed action than the method PREPARE is executed.
The customer can implement their own checks by creating a new BAdI implementation.
The easiest way to create a BAdI implementation is directly in Customizing click Checks.
The names of the new BAdI implementation and Class name must be entered, and the
system will automatically create a new BAdI implementation and the corresponding class.
The BAdI filter values are also automatically added with the Action name as a filter value.
BAdI definition /DBM/BADI_OE_ACTION_PREPARE is part of the enhancement spot
/DBM/ORDER_ENGINE_IMPL and is called several times (before the event, action, and
from the user interface).
Filter parameter CHECK_STEP defines at which step(s) an implementation is called. At the
beginning of an Action the CHECK_STEP filter value has value 0.
The creation of the BAdI can be done also via BAdI builder.
Always check the DBM Order for Syntax Errors after the implementation and
activation of a BAdI.
If you create your own BAdI implementations, than you must consider the following:
Only the exception classes /DBM/CX_OE_ACTION_DENIED and
/DBM/CX_OE_INTERNAL_ERROR are available at this time.
Do not run database updates in this BAdI.
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Filter values are automatically added and can be modified manually in the BAdI builder:
CHECK_STEP = 0 AND (ACTION = Action Name 1 OR ACTION = Action Name 2)
In other words the Order Engine gets the BAdI implementations based on the filter values
and for each BAdI implementation executes the method, prepare.
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2.3.1.14
In this IMG activity, you can create a BAdI Implementation that is executed during an order
action.
The BAdI execution represents the action itself. Depending upon the business process, an
Action could have one or more execution BAdI implementations assigned to it. The BAdI
Implementation Layer determines the sequence. Any new customer BAdI implementations
are executed after standard action BAdI implementations.
There are certain standard BAdI implementations, without filter, which are executed with
every action:
/DBM/ORD_AC_EXE_VMS_BEFORE
/DBM/ORD_AC_EXE_VMS_AFTER
You can implement your own coding by creating a new BAdI implementation. The easiest
way to create a BAdI implementation is directly in Customizing click Execution.
The creation of the BAdI can also be done via the BAdI bilder.
Always check the DBM Order for Syntax Errors after the implementation and
activation of a BAdI.
The BAdI definition /DBM/BADI_OE_ACTION_EXECUTE is part of the enhancement spot
/DBM/ORDER_ENGINE_IMPL and the action name is used as a filter value.
When creating your own BAdI implementations, you must consider the following:
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Filter values are automatically added and can be modified manually in BAdI builder:
ACTION = Action Name 1 OR ACTION = Action Name 2
In other words, the Order Engine gets the BAdI implementations based on the filter values
and for each BAdI implementation, executes the method execution.
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To support customers who have already implemented the actions over the Action function
modules, we have provided the class /DBM/CL_ORD_AX_ACFMOD. All new Action
classes which call the old DBM 5.00 function modules should inherit from this class and
call the method call_action_fm.
We recommend that you develop new actions directly in the method and not inside
function modules, which will be called via class /DBM/CL_ORD_AX_ACFMOD.
2.3.1.15
In this IMG activity, you can create a BAdI Implementation that is executed after an order
action has been executed.
Again, the Order Engine performs certain steps for each action that is successfully
executed. One of these steps is to add additional information at the end of an action (set
status, write in document flow, and so on). If a finalize BAdI implementation was created for
the executed action, than the method FINALIZE is executed.
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An action could have one or more finalize BAdI implementations assigned to it. The BAdI
Implementation Layer determines the sequence. Any new customer BAdI implementation
will be executed after standard action BAdI implementation.
There are certain standard BAdI implementations, without filter, which are executed with
every action:
/DBM/ORD_AC_FIN_STATUS
/DBM/ORD_AC_FIN_DOCUMENT_FLOW
The BAdI definition /DBM/BADI_OE_ACTION_FINALIZE is part of the enhancement spot
/DBM/ORDER_ENGINE_IMPL and the action name is used as a filter value.
You can implement your own checks by creating a new BAdI implementation. The easiest
way to create the BAdI implementation is directly in customizing click Post-Processing.
The creation of the BAdI can also be done via the BAdI builder.
Always check the DBM Order for Syntax Errors after the implementation and
activation of a BAdI.
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Filter values:
ACTION = Action Name 1 OR ACTION = Action Name 2 OR .
The finalize method will be executed if one of the illustrated actions above is triggered.
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In other words, the Order Engine gets the BAdI implementations based on the filter values
and, for each BAdI implementation executes the method finalize.
If you create your own BAdI implementations, you must consider the following:
Only exception class /DBM/CX_OE_INTERNAL_ERROR is available at this time. It
usually leads to an abort of order processing and should only be used if an
unexpected program situation or data inconsistencies occur.
Use the following statements to trigger the exception:
data: lv_dummy.
message aNNN into lv_dummy.
io_order->bal_add_symessage( ).
raise exception /dbm/cx_oe_internal_error.
The BAdI is only processed if the action is executed successfully.
Never update any order data in this BAdI.
Status changes and document flow is updated (but not stored on the database).
The commit work may be performed afterwards.
Do not execute events in finalize implementations.
Under which circumstance should a new Action be created and when should a new
Action BAdIs implementation be added?
There is no rule for determining the best approach. Instead, we provide here in this
document, examples and simple cases as a guide for mapping a business process.
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Not Edited
Partially Processed
Completely Processed
The Order Engine performs, among other steps, a status request. Based on the Order
status, the Order Engine checks whether or not the current Action can be executed.
In other words, each Action can influence the execution of other actions based on the
status type it sets on the Order. The status types defined in Customizing are preconditions
for the execution of an Action.
Status level: the level at which the status object is created.
Check level: is the level determined by the Order Engine. The status check is carried out
on the basis of the following check levels:
Selection level of the event
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How can the customizing above be read, from Order Engines perspective?
The action BILLING_CREATE (Create an Invoice) is executed if the statuses:
BILLING_CREATE is (Not Edited OR Partially Processed)
AND CBOOK_WORK is (not relevant OR Completely Processed)
AND CONFIRM is (not relevant OR Completely Processed)
AND GDSMVT_CREATE is (not relevant OR Completely Processed)
AND ORD_SAVE is (Completely Processed)
AND RELEASE is (not relevant OR Completely Processed)
AND TIMEBOOK_CONFIRM is (not relevant OR Completely Processed).
In other words, the action BILLING_CREATE can be executed if certain steps, from a
business point of view, have already been executed. You must first execute the following
steps, for example, before you can create an invoice for a DBM Order:
An invoice was not already created
An invoice was created for a different split-job
Labor Items are booked
Parts Items are posted (Goods Issued)
The DBM Order is confirmed
The above steps are influenced by the execution of other Actions. This gives you full
flexibility to map business processes to Order Engine Actions and thereby control their
execution. For example, CBOOK_WORK action (confirm labor items) is executed if the
order was released; the RELEASE action is executed if the internal order was created;
and, so on.
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We strongly recommend that you do not change the shipped tables. If you were to
delete the tables, for example, the system events and actions will not work. Define
Custom criteria tables if you wish to customize table criteria.
To define the Order Engine table of criteria in Customizing, choose Logistics Execution
Dealer Business Management (DBM)
Order
Order Control
Define Table of Criteria.
If you select add/modify table of criteria in the structure, an overview screen appears.
All defined Criteria Tables are displayed.
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In this example the criteria table Z_OE_EVAC_VEP will be analyzed. Based on this
customizing it is possible to control the Order Engine to map the Actions to an Event
according to certain criteria.
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The Access Sequence GDSM has assigned the following criteria tables:
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When the Event GDSMVT_CREATE is triggered, the Order Engine reads only the criteria
tables assigned to the Access Sequence GDSM and determines the actions assigned to
the event; the other criteria tables are disregarded. If the One Table Flag is set the criteria
technique stops scanning further tables as soon as a matching entry is found in a table. In
other words, the criteria technique scans the tables mentioned in the access sequence until
a matching entry is found. As soon as the system finds a matching entry, it stops. If you do
not set this indicator, the system scans all the tables in the access sequence.
In the following, we describe how created events and actions are linked.
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Suppose the business process needs to have different actions assigned to the same event,
the dependency being on Sales Document Category and Technical Item Category. In the
example below, the event is GDSMVT_CREATE and the assignment of the actions are
defined for the criteria table /DBM/OE_EVAC_VTI .
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In the following, we show the navigation from the action ORD_CLOSE to all related events
this is an easy way to see all events assigned to an action, especially if the events are in
different criteria tables.
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OR
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True or False
True
False
False
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A, B or C
True
It is not possible to use different status schema, for example, for different order types, as all
orders are displayed in the order transaction and a selection would not be possible any
longer as the same status (e.g. 1000) could have completely different meanings.
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If you do not define any substitution rules, (there is no schema or, the message is not in the
schema), the system applies the following:
Message type 'A', 'E', 'W' - importance flag 0: Display / Important
Message type 'I', 'S' - importance flag 1: Hide / Not important
You can also define settings for the importance flag without message substitution.
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Some VMS actions require action specific data. The BAdI which makes these data
available is the /DBM/BADI_VEHICLE_ACTIONS. The BAdI has the method
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