EXAMPLE C.1A_ DESIGN OF A MOMENT FRAME BY THE DIRECT ANALYSIS METHOD. ven: Determine the required strengths and effective lenath factors forthe columns in the rigid fame shown below for the maximum gravity load combination, using LRFD and ASD, Use the direct analysis method. Ail members are ASTM A992 material (Columns are unbraced between the footings and roof in the x- and y.axes an are assumed to have pinned bases. 400 ipit 4.20 hip wi2s65, wi2.65, 20'0" I 30-0" Oo O8 © © olution: From Manual Table 1-1, the W12%65 has 4 ‘The beams from ged lines A t B, and C to Eand the eolumns at A. D and E are pinned at both ends and do not contribute tothe lateral stability ofthe frame. There are no P-A elects to consider in these members and they may be designed using K=1.0. ‘The moment frame between grid lines Band C isthe source of lateral stability and therefore must be designed using the provisions of Chapter C of the AISC Specification. Although the colurmns at grid lines A. D and Edo not coniribute to lateral stability. the forces required to stabilize them most be considered inthe analysis. For the analysis, the entire frame could be modeled or the model canbe simplified as shown in the figure below, in which the sibility loads from the three “leaning” columns ae combined ino a single column, From Chapter 20f ASCE/SEI 7, the maximum gravity load combinations are: L LRED I ASD w= 12D +18L we=D=L 1.2(0.400 kip/f + 1.6(1.20 kip) 0.400 kip/t* 1.20 kit = 2.40 kit = 1.60 kip Per AISC Specification Section C2. for LRED perform a second-order analysis and member srength chosks using the LRFD load combinations. For ASD, perform a second-order analysis using 1.6 times the ASD load ‘combinations and divide the analysis results by 1.6 forthe ASD member strength checks. Frame Analysis Gravity Loods ‘The uniform gravity loads to be considered in a sevond-arder analysis an the beam from B to C are:RFD ASD. wi) = DAD Kip TSU, 60 kipiiy = 256 kiyft Concentrated gravity loads o be considered in a second-order analysis on the columnns at B and C contributed by adiacent beams are LED. ASD. P= C50 O40 Kipih) 6.0kips Tos.0 RT 60kip/fy 38:4 kips Concentrated Gravity Loads on the Pseudo *Leaning” Column “The load in this cohimm accounts Fr all gravity londing th applied w it iat is stabilized by the moment frame, but is not directly TRFD, aD Fal 00 AYDAOKipIN) Kips Frame Analysis Notional Loads Por AISC Specification Section C2.2, frame out-of plumbs ‘6(60.0 FI. ip) 184 kipe css must be cocounted for sither by explicit modsling cof the assumed out-of plumbness or by the application of notional loads. Use notional loads, From AISC Specification Equation C21, the netional lds ae TAD SD a=to wats 1, = (120240 kip (120 990.60 in) = S38 ips =i92 hips 02a, (pe. 4.21) | N= 0.00209, (Spee. By. C241) 102( 01288 kis) 0.002642 bps) = 0.575 hips =0.613 hips Summary of Anplied Frame Loads TED A 36.0kips 36.0kips 144 kips 364 lips 384tios 154kips 240 Kim 250 kipit o5i6. ost kip iphd = F691 in’) 258s ie Tr 5 102) wh L6Ca8at) 9k coonaens ox ok The stifness assumption used inthe analysis, x, = 1.0, is verified. [Although the second-order sway multiple is approximately 1.5, the change in bonding moment is small because the only sway mements are those produced by the small notional leads, For load combinations with significant eravity and Interal loadings the intease in bending moments is Inger. Verity the column stcnaths using the second-order forces shows above, using the following effective ngs [calculations not shown): Columns Use Kl, Use KL, 2008 00 8