Oracle Rman Tutorial - 161CSC57014229

4/11/2016
OracleRmanTutorial161CSC57014229
ChaitanyaMekathoti
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CourseMaterials ... LecturesWeek12 OracleRmanTutorial
OracleRmanTutorial
RmanBackupTutorial
EvenifyouarenotanOracleDBA,youllstillencounterasituationwhereyoumay
havetotakeabackupofanOracledatabase.
UsingOracleRMAN,youcantakeahotbackupforyourdatabase,whichwilltakea
consistentbackupevenwhenyourDBisupandrunning.
ThistutorialgivesyouanintroductiononhowtoperformOracleDBbackupusing
RMAN.
Fortheimpatient,hereisthequicksnippet,thattakesRMANbackupofboth
databaseandarchivelogs.
RMAN>BACKUPASBACKUPSETDATABASEPLUSARCHIVELOG;
1.ViewCurrentRMANConfiguration
Beforewetakethebackup,wehavetoconfigurecertainRMANparameters.For
example,howlongyouwanttoretaintheRMANbackup,etc.
Beforewemodifyanyconfiguration,executethefollowingcommandtoviewall
currentRMANconfigurationsettings.
ToconnecttoRMAN,dothefollowingfromcommandline.Thiswilltakeyouto
RMAN>commandprompt,fromhereyoucanexecuteallRMANcommands.
https://bb.uis.edu/webapps/blackboard/content/listContent.jsp?course_id=_18002_1&content_id=_743710_1
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c:\Users\Administrator>rmantarget/
RecoveryManager:Release10.2.0.3.0ProductiononSatAug1011:21:292013
Copyright(c)1982,2005,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.
connectedtotargetdatabase:ORCL(DBID=821773)
RMAN>
ToviewcurrentRMANconfigurations,executeshowall.
RMAN>SHOWALL;
usingtargetdatabasecontrolfileinsteadofrecoverycatalog
RMANconfigurationparametersare:
CONFIGURERETENTIONPOLICYTORECOVERYWINDOWOF2DAYS;
CONFIGUREBACKUPOPTIMIZATIONON;
CONFIGUREDEFAULTDEVICETYPETODISK;
CONFIGURECONTROLFILEAUTOBACKUPON;
CONFIGURECONTROLFILEAUTOBACKUPFORMATFORDEVICETYPEDISKTO"%F";
CONFIGUREDEVICETYPEDISKBACKUPTYPETOCOMPRESSEDBACKUPSETPARALLELISM2;
CONFIGUREDATAFILEBACKUPCOPIESFORDEVICETYPEDISKTO1;
CONFIGUREARCHIVELOGBACKUPCOPIESFORDEVICETYPEDISKTO1;
CONFIGUREMAXSETSIZETOUNLIMITED;
CONFIGUREENCRYPTIONFORDATABASEOFF;
CONFIGUREENCRYPTIONALGORITHM'AES128';
CONFIGUREARCHIVELOGDELETIONPOLICYTONONE;
CONFIGURESNAPSHOTCONTROLFILENAMETO
'C:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\product\11.2.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\SNCFORCL.ORA';#
default
Asyouseeabove,itdisplaysvariousRMANparametersandtheircurrentvalues.
2.ChangeFewRMANConfigurationParameters
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Location:Oneoftheimportantconfigurationparameterstosetwillbe,whereyou
wanttosavetheRMANbackup.Inthefollowingexample,ImsettingtheRMAN
backuplocationasC:\dbbackup\rman\
RMAN>CONFIGURECHANNELDEVICETYPEDISKFORMAT
'C:\dbbackup\rman\full_%u_%s_%p';
RetentionPeriod:Next,youshouldspecifyhowlongyouwanttoretainthebackup
for.WhenRMANtakesabackup,itautomaticallydeletesalltheoldbackupsthatare
olderthantheretentionperiod.Inthefollowingexample,Imsettingtheretention
periodas7days,whichwillkeeptheDBbackupforaweek.
RMAN>CONFIGURERETENTIONPOLICYTORECOVERYWINDOWOF7DAYS;
Verifythattheabovetwochangesaredone.
RMAN>SHOWALL;
..
CONFIGURECHANNELDEVICETYPEDISKFORMAT'C:\dbbackup\rman\full_%u_%s_%p';
CONFIGURERETENTIONPOLICYTORECOVERYWINDOWOF7DAYS;
..
ClearaParameter:Ifyouwanttoclearaparameterandsetitsvaluetodefault,use
CLEARattheendoftheconfigurationasshownbelow.
RMAN>CONFIGURERETENTIONPOLICYCLEAR;
Inthisexample,sinceweclearedtheretentionpolicysvalue,itwassettothedefault
value,whichis1.So,theretentionpolicyissetto1dayasshownbelow.
RMAN>SHOWALL;
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CONFIGURERETENTIONPOLICYTOREDUNDANCY1;#default
3.BackupOracleDatabase
MakesurethedirectorymentionedintheCHANNEKDEVICETYPEDISKFORMATis
created.i.ec:\dbbackup\rman\.Youneedtorunthisfromaseparatecmdwindowor
exitRMAN
cd\
mkdirdbbackup\rman
Currentlythisdirectoryisempty.Wellseewhatthishasafterthebackupistaken.
CD\dbbackup\rman
dir
total0
Wecantakeabackupusingimagecopyorinbackupset.Itisstronglyrecommended
touseRMANbackupsetstobackupthedatabase.
RMANstoresthebackupinbackupsets,whicharenothingbutwholebunchoffiles
whichcontainsthebackedupdata.OnlyRMANunderstandstheformatofthesefiles.
So,ifyoubackupanOracleDBusingRMAN,onlyRMANknowshowtoreadthe
backupandrestoreit.
TypicallywelluseBACKUPASBACKUPSETtobackupadatabase.So,totakeafull
backupofthedatabasewithoutthearchivelogs,dothefollowing.
RMAN>BACKUPASBACKUPSETDATABASE;
OR
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RMAN>BACKUPASCOMPRESSEDBACKUPSETDATABASE;
Ifyouwanttobackupthearchivelog,youhavetoenableArchiveMode.
SQLPLUS"/assysdba"
SQL>archiveloglist;
shouldsaydisabled
SQL>shutdownimmediate;
Waituntildatabaseisshutdown
SQL>startupmount;
Waituntildatabaseismounted
SQL>alterdatabasearchivelog;
SQL>alterdatabaseopen;
SQL>archiveloglist;
Totakeafullbackupofthedatabasewiththearchivelogs,dothefollowing:(Restart
rmanandreconnectifyouareinitinanotherwindow)
RMAN>BACKUPASBACKUPSETDATABASEPLUSARCHIVELOG;
OR
RMAN>BACKUPASCOMPRESSEDBACKUPSETDATABASEPLUSARCHIVELOG;
Youcanalsotakeabackupofonlyaspecifictablespace.Thefollowingexample
takesbackupofonlyUSERStablespace.
RMAN>BACKUPASBACKUPSETTABLESPACEUSERS;
TheRMANbackupoutputwillbesomethingsimilartothefollowing:
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RMAN>BACKUPASBACKUPSETDATABASE
Startingbackupat10AUG13
allocatedchannel:ORA_DISK_1
channelORA_DISK_1:sid=193devtype=DISK
allocatedchannel:ORA_DISK_2
channelORA_DISK_2:sid=192devtype=DISK
channelORA_DISK_1:startingfulldatafilebackupset
channelORA_DISK_1:specifyingdatafile(s)inbackupset
inputdatafilefno=00025name=/u03/oradata/devdb/devuser07.dbf
inputdatafilefno=00003name=/u02/oradata/devdb/temp01.dbf
channelORA_DISK_1:startingpiece1at10AUG13
inputdatafilefno=00008name=/u03/oradata/devdb/devusers05.dbf
...
..
piecehandle=/backup/rman/full_4dogpd0u_4237_1tag=TAG20130808T114846
comment=NONE
channelORA_DISK_1:backupsetcomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:03
Finishedbackupat10AUG13
...
StartingControlFileandSPFILEAutobackupat10AUG13
piecehandle=/backup/rman/ctl_c7588181312013080800comment=NONE
FinishedControlFileandSPFILEAutobackupat10AUG13
Oncethebackupiscompleted,doanlsonthe/backup/rmandirectory,youllnowsee
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RMANbackupfiles.
CD\dbbackp\rman
dir
total14588
rwr1oracledba14585856Aug811:48ctl_c7588181312013080800
rwr1oracledba327680Aug811:48full_4dogpd0u_4237_1
Note:Onceabackupistaken,toviewallavailabledatabasebackupsfromRMAN,
youneedtouselistcommandthatisshownfurtherdowninoneoftheexamples.
Whilethismaybeobvious,itisworthrepeatingagain:Sincewearetakinghot
backup,theOracledatabasecanbeupandrunning.MakesureyourOracle
databaseisrunningbeforeyouexecuteanyoftheaboveRMANbackupcommands.
4.AssignBackupTAGNameforQuickIdentification
Ifyouaretakinglotofbackups,itwillbeeasiertoassignatagtoaparticularbackup,
whichwelllateruseduringOraclerecovery(orwhileusinglistcommandtoviewit).
Thefollowingexampleassignabackuptagcalled
WEEEKLY_PRD01_TBLS_BK_ONLYtothisparticularbackup.
RMAN>BACKUPASBACKUPSETTAG'WEEEKLY_PRD01_TBLS_BK_ONLY'TABLESPACEusers;
Startingbackupat10AUG13
usingchannelORA_DISK_1
usingchannelORA_DISK_2
inputdatafilefno=00002name=/u03/oradata/devdb/users_1.dbf
channelORA_DISK_1:finishedpiece1at10AUG13
piecehandle=/backup/rman/full_4fogpdb3_4239_1tag=WEEEKLY_PRD01_TBLS_BK_ONLY
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comment=NONE
channelORA_DISK_1:backupsetcomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:01
Finishedbackupat10AUG13
StartingControlFileandSPFILEAutobackupat10AUG13
piecehandle=/backup/rman/ctl_c7588181312013080801comment=NONE
FinishedControlFileandSPFILEAutobackupat10AUG13
Oncethebackupisfinished,ifyouviewthefilesfromrmandirectory,youllnotsee
thetagnamehere.TagnameisusedonlyfromRMANrepositoriestoviewand
restorebackups.So,nowyouseetherearemorefilesinthisdirectory,aswe've
takencoupleofbackups.
CD\dbbackup\rman
dir
total29176
rwr1oracledba327680Aug811:54full_4fogpdb3_4239_1
5.ChangeOracleRMANBackupFileNameFormat
Ifyouwantthebackupfilesitselfwillbeinaspecificformat,youneedtochangethe
formatintheRMANconfigurationasshownbelow.Inthisexample,we'veappended
thetagfull_devdb_bk_prefixtoallourbackupfiles.
"c:\dbbackup\rman\full_devdb_bk_%u_%s_%p"MAXPIECESIZE2048M;
Now,letustakeanotherbackupwiththismodifiedconfiguration.
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RMAN>BACKUPASBACKUPSETTAG'WEEEKLY_PRD01_TBLS_BK_ONLY'TABLESPACEPRD01;
NowwhenyouviewtheRMANfiles,youllseethenewRMANbackupfilehasthis
newfilenameformatforthefiles.Thisiseasiertoidentifycertaininformationabout
thebackupjustbylookingatthefilenames.
CD\dbbackup\rman
dir
total43764
rwr1oracledba327680Aug811:55full_devdb_bk_4hogpdef_4241_1
6.CompressaRMANBackup
Ifyouaretakingabackupofabigdatabase,youllnoticethattheRMANbackupfiles
arebigger(almostsamesizeasthedatabaseitself).
So,formostsituation,youshouldalwaystakeacompressedbackupofthedatabase.
ThefollowingexampletakeacompressedbackupofthetablepsaceUSERS.
RMAN>BACKUPASCOMPRESSEDBACKUPSETTAG'WEEEKLY_PRD01_TBLS_BK_ONLY'
TABLESPACEUSERS;
Whenyouviewthebackupfilesfromthefilesystemlevel,youwillnotseeany.gz(or
.zip,or.bz2)toindicatethattheRMANhastakenacompressedbackup.Thefile
namingconventionwillstillfollowthesameasanoncompressedbackup.
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CD\dbbacup\rman
dir
total58352
rwr1oracledba327680Aug811:55full_devdb_bk_4hogpdef_4241_1
rwr1oracledba127680Aug811:59full_devdb_bk_4jogpdl0_4243_1
Note:ThewaytotellwhetherRMANhastakeacompressedbackupornot,itby
lookingatthesize,andbylookingattheoutputoftheRMANlistcommandwhichis
showninoneofthesectionbelow.
7.ViewallRMANBackups
ToviewalltheRMANbackups,executelistbackupsummaryasshownbelow.
RMAN>LISTBACKUPSUMMARY;
ListofBackups
===============
KeyTYLVSDeviceTypeCompletionTime#Pieces#CopiesCompressedTag
..
4215BFADISK10AUG1311NO
TAG20130808T114846
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TAG20130808T114849
WEEEKLY_PRD01_TBLS_BK_ONLY
TAG20130808T115413
TAG20130808T115600
4221BFADISK10AUG1311YES
Asyouseeabove,itdisplaysvariousinformationaboutthebackups.Intheabove
output,itshow7RMANbackups.ThelastcolumnshowstheTagthatwespecified
whenwetookabackup.IfwedidntspecifyanyTAG,RMANcreatesadefaulttag
withtheprefixTAGfollowedbysomenumbers.Youcanalsoseethatunderthe
columnCompressed,thelastRMANbackupshowsYES,whichindicatesthatout
ofallthe7RMANbackups,onlythelastonewascompressed.
Also,whentheRMANbackupisrunning,ifyouwanttoseetheprogress,youcan
querytheV$RMAN_STATUStablefromsql*plusasshownbelow.
SQL>SELECTOPERATION,STATUS,MBYTES_PROCESSED,START_TIME,END_TIMEfrom
V$RMAN_STATUS;
OPERATIONSTATUSMBYTES_PROCESSEDSTART_TIM
END_TIME
CONTROLFILEANDSPFILEAUTOBACKCOMPLETED1407NOV12
07NOV12
RMANCOMPLETED007NOV12
07NOV12
RESTOREVALIDATECOMPLETED007NOV12
07NOV12
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RMANCOMPLETEDWITHERRORS007NOV12
07NOV12
DELETECOMPLETED008NOV12
08NOV12
BACKUPCOMPLETED010AUG13
10AUG13
CONTROLFILEANDSPFILEAUTOBACKCOMPLETED1410AUG13
10AUG13
RMANCOMPLETEDWITHERRORS183210AUG13
10AUG13
RMANCOMPLETED010AUG13
10AUG13
...
8.DeleteallRMANBackups
IfyouwanttodeleteallrmanbackupsfromtheRMANlistandthefilesystem.
RMAN>DELETEBACKUP;
9.RestoreBackups
Inordertorestorethesystem,followthestepsbelow.
Ifthedatabaseisdownandthecontrolfileismissingorinvalid,youneedtorestore
thecontrolfilefirst.Thefilenameshouldbereplacedwiththenameofthebackupfile
thatcontainsyourcontrolfile.AsanexampleminewasFULL_0CPL9JH8_12_1
c:\Users\Administrator>rmantarget/
RMAN>startupnomount;
RMAN>restorecontrolfilefrom'c:\dbbackup\rman\filename';
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Oncethecontrolfileisrestoredthenyouneedtomountthedatabasewith.
RMAN>alterdatabasemount
RMAN>showall
Younowneedtomakesurethelocationofthechanneldeviceisthecorrectlocation
ofthebackupfiles.Ifthechanneldeviceisincorrectchangeitwiththefollowing
command.
'C:\dbbackup\rman\full_%u_%s_%p'
Oncethechanneldeviceispointingtothelocationofthebackupfilesthenrunthe
followingcommandstocompletetherestore.
RMAN>restoredatabase
RMAN>recoverdatabase
RMAN>alterdatabaseopenresetlogs
ThereThereyouhaveit!.ThatishowyoutakeanOracleRMANbackupandsleep
peacefully.
**Thiscontentwasmodifiedfromtheoriginallocated
herehttp://www.thegeekstuff.com/2013/08/oraclermanbackup/
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CourseMaterials ... LecturesWeek12 OracleRmanTutorial

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