The Heart

Functions of the Heart

The heart works in conjunction with
The Function of the Heart
Generates blood pressure to
Regulates body supply Routes blood
Heart typically weighs
A muscular double pump
Pulmonary circuit
Systemic circuit
Location and Orientation within the Thorax
Largest organ of the ____________________________.
Located
Apex
Base
Structure of the Heart
Right and Left Atria Right and Left Ventricles-

 External Markings
.
.
Internal Structures
.
.
Chambers
Right Atrium
.
.
.
Right Ventricle
.
.
.
.
.
.
Left Atrium
.
.
.
Left Ventricle
.

 .
o .
o .
o .
.

Heart Valves
Each valve composed
of__________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Function of the AV valves

Function of semi lunar Valves

Structure of the Heart~ Coverings

Pericardium_________________________________________________
_

 _______________________
pericardium______________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________
pericardium______________________
______________________________
o ___________________________ pericardium
o ___________________________ pericardium
o ______________________ cavity

Structure of the Heart~ Layers of the Heart Wall

Epi__________________________________________________________
_
Myocardium
Consists
of_______________________________________________
Muscle arranged
in_________________________________________
Endo________________
Endothelium___________________________________________
___
Lines
the_________________________________________________

Structure of the Heart Wall Cont.

Walls _________________________________
Atria__________________________________
Ventricles______________________________
Left ventricle~_____________________________________________
Exerts______________________________________________
Flattens____________________________________________
Systemic circuit
o Longer than ____________________________________
o Offers
greater________________________________________
Blood Flow Through The Heart
Beginning with
Go Through
A blood drop

Cardiac Muscle Tissue

Forms a thick
Striated like
Contractions pump

 Contracts by sliding

Cardiac Muscle Cells

.
.
.
Cells joined at
Complex
Form_____________________________
Cells are separated by
Binds
Contains
Electrical Activity of the Heart
Heart beats rhythmically
Two Specialized
Contractile Cells
o 99%
o Do
o Normally do not
Autorythmic cells
o Do not
o Specialized for

Cardiac Conduction System

SA Node~
AV Node~
Purkinje Fibers~

70-80/min

40-60/min

20-40/min

Epidemiological Overview

 Cardiovascular disease
_____________________________________
________________________________________________________
In 2005
CVD______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
CVD has
been_____________________________________________
________________________________________________________
More than
2500___________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Among
women____________________________________________

ABC News Cardiovascular Disease

Discussion Questions:
How does inflammation account for nearly 85%
of all heart attacks?
What test measures inflammation and how
expensive is it?
Why have physicians been hesitant to order
tests to measure inflammation?
What dietary changes are recommended to
lower inflammation?
Artherosclerosis
Characterized by__________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Hyperlipidemia____________________________________________

 Plaque___________________________________________________
Coronary Heart Disease
Myocardial Infarction____________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Coronary Thrombosis____________________________________________
Embolus______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Collateral Circulation____________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Angina Pectoris
Ischemis______________________________________________________
The more serious_______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Nitroglycerin__________________________________________________
Beta Blockers__________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Arrhythmias
An irregularity_________________________________________________
Tachycardia___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Bradycardia___________________________________________________
Fibrillation____________________________________________________
Congestive Heart Failure
Damaged or overworked_________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Affects over___________________________________________________
Damaged to heart muscle_________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Lack of proper_________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Dieuretics_____________________________________________________
Congenital and Rheumatic Heart disease

 Myocardial infarction
______________________________________
________________________________________________________
Coronary thrombosis
______________________________________
Embolus
_______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Collateral circulation ______________________________________
________________________________________________________
Stroke
Occurs when
_____________________________________________
Thrombus ____________________
Embolus _____________________
Aneurysm
______________________________________________
Transient ischemic attack (TIA)
______________________________
________________________________________________________
Common Blood Vessel Disorders

Reducing Your Risk For Cardiovascular Diseases

Risks you can control

Avoid _______________
Cut back on ___________________________________
Maintain ___________________________
Modify ____________________
_____________________regularly
Control ______________________
Control ______________________
Systolic __________________
Diastolic _________________
Manage _____________________
Risks you cannot control
.____________________
.____________________
.____________________
.____________________

Women And Cardiovascular Disease

__________, CVD deaths
_______________ men
_______________ women
Estrogen
.
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
Diagnostic and therapeutic differences
Delay in
________________________________________
Complexity in
____________________________________
Less aggressive
__________________________________
Smaller
_________________________________________
_____________________________ in CVD research typically
CVD research
_________________________________________________
Angioplasty Versus Bypass Surgery

 Angioplasty a thin _________________is threaded

through the _____________________. The
_____________________________ on the tip which is
_______________________ the fatty deposits
_______________________________of the artery
Coronary bypass surgery a blood vessel is taken
________________________________________________________
blocked arteries and transport blood
Aspirin For Heart Disease?
Research shows that
______________________________________ is beneficial to
heart patients due ___________________________
properties
Some side effects of aspirin:
________________________________
_____________________
Should only be taken under the
______________________________
Thrombolysis
If victim reaches ________________________________ and is
_____________________________, thrombolysis can be
performed
Thrombolysis
____________________________________________
________________________________ and restore some blood
flow
Cardiac Rehabilitation
Every year,
_______________________________________________
Cardiac rehabilitation
______________________________________ and promotes
recovery