GSM Training for

Professionals

TOPICS

Module-1

Module-2

Introduction of Communication and Wireless Concepts

History of Communication
Telecommunication Basics
Frequency, Range of Wireless Frequency
Channel Concept
Multiple Access Concepts and its types

Cellular Generation Wireless Concepts

1st Generation of Cellular Communication (AMPS, TACS)
2nd Generation of TDMA , GSM
3rd Generation WCDMA
4th Generation LTE

Module-3 GSM Architecture

MS
BSS
NSS
Interfaces, Protocols

TOPICS

Module-4

GSM Channel Concepts

Module-5

Cell Planning Concepts

Module-6

Cell Planning Basic

Cell Planning Tools , TEMPS

NSS/BSS Hardware and Software

GSM Channels
Physical and Logical Channels

Module-7

MSC
HLR
STP
BSC

DATA Calls

HSCSD
GPRS
Data Call Path,
SGSN and GGSN Hardware

TOPICS

Module-8

Call paths

Module-9

Mobile Packet Backbone Network

Postpaid to Paid calls

Postpaid to Prepaid calls
Operator to Operator Calls
Mobile to PTCL calls

Module-10

OSI layer
IP Fundamentals
IP Routing , Protocols
MPLS Requirement in Telecom

GSM Evolution Path

GSM Towards LTE

LTE Architecture
S-GWS, MME, eNode

Wireless Access Evolution

Subscribers
Broadband

New Services
Efficiency
Voice Quality
Portability

Voice

Coverage

Capacity

Mobility

Data Service
Broadband

More Data
Services
required

Network
Simplification
Cost of
Ownership

Secrete of Upgrade

Maximize

Utilization Spectrum Efficiency FDMA/TDMA/CDMA/OFDMA

Power Efficiency----------------Battery

Minimize

Complexity------- System should be Simple,

Cost--------- It should be minimize , as per customer needs

GSM Architecture Overview

Main components of GSM

The mobile station (MS)

BSS Base Station Subsystem (BTS+BSC)
MSS Mobile Station Subsystem (MSC/HLR, ..)

BTS

BSC

MSC

Network Overview
MS

(Mobile Station)

MS

RF department
BTS

BSS (Base Station System)

RAN department
Transmission department

BSC
PSTN,ISDN...

MSC

NSS

Voicemail Server
SM-SC

VLR

HLR AuC EIR

OMC

OMC
NMC

(Network Switching
Subsystem)
NSS department

OMM(Operations & Maintenance

GSM interfaces
Management)
X.25 links

Services offered
Voice Services
Data Services (GPRS/MMS)
Short Code Services

GSM Voice Network

Only Voice Call

GSM Voice and Data Call Architecture

Voice Calls Path

Data Calls Path

Packet Data14.4 Kp/s

GSM Prepaid Services

SMSC
BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

PSTN
Fixed Network

MSC

OMO

SMSC

Short Code Services

Cell Planning (RF)

Two Key technologies are evolving to meet the Wireless

Broadband Requirements

MOBILE
BROADBAND

Metro Area
Nomadic

GSM

GPRS

EDGE

UMTS

HSPA

LTE

3GPP
802.16e
(Mobile WIMAX)

Mobile Industry

802.16a/d
(Fixed NLOS)
Fixed Wireless Industry

Local Area
Fixed

Coverage/Mobility

Wide Area
Mobile

4G Air Interfaces

Dial Up

DSL Experience

Fibre Experience

Data Rates (kbps)

Higher Data Rate / Lower Cost per Bit

802.16
(Fixed LOS)

802.11n
(smart antennas)
802.11
Mesh extns.

802.11b/a/g

100,000 +

Converge Networks

GSM Call
Setup

AUC
HLR

MS
BTS
BSC
HLR
MSC
VLR
AUC

EIR

SMSC
Centre
VMS
Voice Messaging System
PrePaid Node Hosting prepaid service system
IN
Intelligent Network services
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
PABX Private Automatic Branch Exchange

BSC

VMS
PrePaid
Node

EIR

MSC/VLR
Warid

SMSC

INTERNET

Telenore

PSTN

Mobilink

MSC
w

BSC

Mobile Station = phone + SIM card

Base Transceiver Station
Base Station Controller
Home Location Register
Mobile services Switching Centre
Visitor Location Register
Authentication Centre
Stand-alone or integrated in HLR
Equipment Identity Register
For blacklisting stolen and unwanted
equipment
Short Message Service Support

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

BSC
Base Station Controller

The call request reaches the BSC from the

BTS and is forwarded to MSC.
After call is established, the BSC will perform
decoding of the call (in typical config.)

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

Checks A number.
To whom is A subscriber calling?
(Checks B number)
Example : A subscriber has
prepaid number.

MSC
Mobile Switching Centre

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

Does the A subscriber have

money left on his/her account?
When the call is established
and on-going the subscribers
account is decremented
accordingly.

PrePaid Node

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

Where is the B subscriber?

MSC interrogates in HLR.
(HLR = Home Location
Register)

MSC
Mobile Switching Centre

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR says I am the home of the B

subscriber and I know where he/she is
right now (i.e. which VLR)
Tells this VLR Give me a visitor address
for this subscriber (Roaming Number)

HLR
Home Location Register

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

Hosting MSC/VLR returns TEMPORARILY

assigned visitor/roaming address for Bsubscriber to HLR.

MSC
Mobile Switching Centre

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

Thanks for the visitor address!

I will send this address to the
MSC that requested for it.

HLR
Home Location Register

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

Thank you, HLR!

Speech connection path will set
up now towards the MSC/VLR
where the B subscriber is
presently located.

MSC
Mobile Switching Centre

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

Sets up a speech connection towards

BSC.
Delivers B-subscriber ID to BSC and asks
to page for the subscriber using that ID.

MSC
Mobile Switching Centre

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

BSC now sends a PAGING MESSAGE to all the BTSs that it

covers/controls.
Carrys PAGING RESPONSE from called MS back to MSC.
Allocates a RADIO channel through a BTS with best
available and allowable SIGNAL STRENGTH for called MS.
Performs SPEECH CODING when call is established.

BSC
Base Station Controller

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN PABX
International

BSC

Thank
You