a Daniel Lim = PME ‘AS Semester One Revision Module. 1 Prepared by Peter Ting Revision Chapters; A. Cell structure & Organization (including microscopy) E, Cell Division A. Cell structure & Organization (including microscopy) Endveyhsis Knowle in; Phagecyhsis au0le solids. iy 1 Complete the missing labels in the diagram. Hoaoyhsi - ead es th the a a ite anaes 5 net Exoughis Ogi weal etory p = tthe ee cs Finooghsis' esr Peta Lea ves ea _,ftt yeh Brank. off -e: sat at fem 6 sp Col ein [lle Sp leNe el Lysosame..... Seen i ~(Fre) Kisame 7 0 of arb oie shaped a ui Post We Thine wevlasye * H2spholipa bayer (hewle Bik ord Ghani Resting ~Condensad and vr Hiden Sin CON Osc Chomain ofib : ~brosenad firm 2 a a Chrymesenes © 0 gt Maly in —Farlhe Koide a ~ Wing ve hesened) ~tadAS Semester One Revision Module 2 Prepared by Peter Ting Len de evel, = Wille bingy Cal wal) is ol] . Z tes) 4 ), Cpa | Lage etl cue “Hise tg cet eksed oN. (goer p Bgsaome | Kiama ote eal it Raed me a int pages a have Ferme Halas Scape Phastegteis hy Arp & so “bg a : i tabiove lard z Sune ead Oygonele : E poy ame, cite gehetic bgt tub me Pps BEE pn a x ‘nay have ea i v Sy Ges oF ext te - Greutay Tiveor pi Lh Sucve we (prokerys)- Ceakageles) fat ‘bedi reishna) we bss S pip do & hove Feminals Plssinic. also. circduy ae than HA have CBS") 30S end (rn “in loys) DWP of proktryctes 45 hot acsocialed WHA pletein ell division (s hot mitosis‘AS Semester One Revision Module 3 Prepared by Peter Ting eee ae Jie meat pease Chin eiintiaem researc penny aa la pen ser el Nye Cyr J isaieucraelns Meosaeeeet maT Giese scvineea eee eres eornaneaestgpenocs Spates Rekaaeestonienim — ieewntonmoe Bee er aivmchleores tare genrmsimem Sheet aes Jaimie Jeaccnan Para . en ee ieee clin icliearepeet RY pas J Becca ete ecg eens spent ining ==") ee ttn Sater ‘membranes olsen noon cmt, a a ce iii lassen rk as eal te A ‘inf in seep coazem Pe cleed oes mmpperlicte ls rolgen Seen Page Simple, lacking mlcotses exces (Bot See ths och sas a S25 Series, cha eae ie ec ossuca2 e ca v po ence a mri aes epee ny eS eal: ioeniaay 2° a Complete the following in the table. Diagram structure, Functions Sel ae ae pps CEE A pay peta AipareL pal Sper Ue ae arse coe cling CSc Jigen ene bcos eh Decwraug ? tahtejete | ad eure eh tal orgie | Gipmosomes a e acosedby an envelope of | DUK, te molecle of menbrate ati |inhetance, MA perforated by acre, | organized intogPNS which ireontains dead" | control al the setites of ‘whichis the extended form | te eal, DNA reps taken by Outset DNA | the basi ofc ivsion ceo tee sal tens epreouton cell cycle. tt diso contains | The nucleolus als nucle (a smalldarkly | manufactures. Tibgcame, stained region) Endoplasmicreticulim | Consist of a system TF [lbignes are found (ER) (continuous) called attached, then itis called ot high has two | 19%) endoplasmic ——— features,a qitiasont reticulum (ER), that Settee = cs, which ies | transports proteine made continovsly with the | by the estes. call _riboscimes cisterna | Outer membrane of the ER is without_rewee, nuclear envelope. produce lipids and steroids.AS Semester One Revision Module { Ribosomes ‘Very smal melles that | Protein synthesis. They seme tripe | cote outa, Jargesubunit | prokaryotes} They are | free in the cytoplasm. They made of equal parts of | can form polyribosomes, 2 RNA and proteins Slightly | collection of ribosomes smallsubunit | smaller ibosomiévean also | chat string along the pom be found invubdloweand | messenger RNA (inplants) SL pete = drt pte envelope of two are the sites of sheeshts somone | membranes, with the inner | oxidative phosphorylation Caleta veal being known ag Tufte” | and electron transport ee Contains» ech ‘The BAA is the site for (cytoplasm-like) witha | Krebs Cycle. (A2 syllabus) Se8 oma few _{iksenes (protein), Coan ay) ost talic_ DNA (prokaryote) | site for aerobic respiration and phosphate granules. | and ATP production (AS. {espa opm AD) a my us = Once, they si next edhe? lah Goll Apparatus Celts thet pee on trem a Meter absecd, afer cblls 40 orn ove cell ~ pukacyete exits —Exkergrtic— ~ floret CChleveplast) (ean Auras) syllabus) a eee ch Sx ks (discontinuous) of and eles ba called Internal processing and transport. Processed proteins from the ER will be transported to other arts ofthe cell or to the cell surface membrane for: secretion. Makes structure like [ysosprse: Lysosomes; ‘A simple spherical sae “All concerned with Prepared by Peter Ting a. Bas lasik bounded by a single breakdown of structures @ membrane and containing | or molecules. For example, digestive eiizymés. get id of ald organelles (yep Oi). dias UBRYRE Se Thee a and sel 3 ligestion (, ierabodies ‘Aroughly spherical isan ‘organelle bounded by a | enayme that breaks down @ single membrane. tt contents appear finely granular except for ‘occasional striking crystalloid or flamentous hydrogen peroxide, All are associated with oxidation reactions. deposits, Cell wal, middle lamella wall and plasmodesmata A rigid cell walt Provides mechanical surrounding the cell, consisting of cell microfibril running through a matrix of other ‘complex polysaccharides. May be secondarily. thickened in some cells, supportand protection. It allows a pressure potential to be developed which aids in support. Itprevents ‘osmotic bursting of the cell tis a pathway for ‘movement of water and ‘mineral salts. Various modifications, such as lignification for specialised funetions.AS Semester One Revision Module 5, Prepared by Peter Ting Middle lamella ‘Adheres neighbouring ‘Thin layer of pectic cells together. substances (calcium and ‘magnesium pectates) Plasmodesma Enables a continuous Afine cytoplasmic thread | system of cytoplasm, the linking the cytoplasm of to be formed twoneighbouring cells | between neighbouring through afine pore inthe | cells for transport of ‘ell walls. The pore isTined with the cell surface membrane and has a central tubular core, often associated at each end ‘with ER substances between cells Trarge plastid (organelle) _ | Photosynthesis takes place containing. and -}-here, producing sugars: carrying out from carbon dioxide and photosynthesis. It is water using light energy surrounded by an trapped in chlorophyll envelope of two membranes and contains a gellike ttt, through. Strchrines rem oh) membranes that are stackechin places to form =H may store arch The stroma also contains (iboione (protein), 2 ciclo DNA (prokaryote) and lipid droplets. Targe central vacuole ‘sac bounded bya single [Bembrane cate ie repli Tecoma the alsa concentrate soli of various Substances such as mineral sls sigs, Plements, organi acids niensymes. Typically large. Storage of various substances, including ‘waste. Makes an important contribution tothe osmotic properties ofthe ca (ince vacuole) Microtubules can contract to force excessive water Cassel Wy’ miley b Explain the meaning of the following terms z i Magnification How many times the jnage bs larger than sbjeck A light» Form Resolution Ajility ft didn quich two separate prints fii Resolution Limit Refers 40 fhat Double menbrare O Nucleas, § Mittchonatia Chimplast Reselvin tin Light = 2000 Bechan= 02am A elecian= 4 un ny Ahject An be vesolel if it is larger thar dali the wavelength ce being “2. mise, peAS Semester One Revision Module 6 Prepared by Peter Ting ¢ Explain why certain ultrastructures of the cell, e.g, mitochondria, ER and GA can be viewed by using electron microscope but cannot be viewed by using light microco) e. @ elecins hve chore A O resolution timif Riles elechen - 9-Unn | Mibdodria aol LR are swoller tar topm €- micrescope have higher resohelion - Josey at distipushny 2 wall prinds Higher Order Thinking 1a Thedagram shows a stage micrometer, wih divisions 0.1 mm apart, vewed through an eyepiece containing a gratia. Stagg, nictonoter if ‘lags toe bigger oe (DEFINNTELY) & gyepiece grateale ies, f ace *ec:nigh bein bmelye Whats beaten ot the eid of view of the micros ce al his magnification? (x = 3.14) Sex tes*