(Range of Motion; ROM)

(Goniometer) 2

1.
() () 0o-180o
2.
1 () / () /
2 () 180o/0o/30o
: Goniometer
(Stationary arm)

(Movable arm)
(Manual Muscle Testing;
MMT)



5 (Grade)
0 (Zero)
1 (Trace)

2 (Poor)

3 (Fair)

4 (Good)

5 (Normal)

4
(Stretching)

 (Connective tissues)
(Muscle) (Tendon)
(Ligament) (Capsule)

1. Flexion
2. Extension
3. Abduction
4. Adduction
5. Internal rotation
6. External rotation
7. Horizontal abduction
8. Horizontal adduction
9. Flexion/Extension
10. Abduction/Adduction
11. Internal rotation/External rotation
12. Horizontal abduction/Horizontal adduction

2, 3 4

1. (Setting position)

2.
3. 4

1. Serratus anterior
2. Pectoralis major
3. Trapezius 3
4. Rhomboid group
5. shoulder flexor
6. shoulder extensor
7. shoulder abductor
8. shoulder adductor
9. shoulder internal rotator
10. shoulder external rotator