El espafiol III: Unidad 7 Verbos en el Presente Perfecto NOTAS DE GRAMATICA Nombre: Fecha: Hora: Present perfect verbs are pretty easy. ‘They are used to communicate the idea," TO ave. done Somethi Examples: Have you eaten already? has com Thave never traveled to Spain, ‘Nunca he viajado a Espafia. LEARN TO CONJUGATE A PRESENT PERFECT VERB: Every perfect verb consists of _2-_basic parts: ithe verb_ obec e “helper” verb“__-Co \nave_ ” The present tense conjugation i —s ae teens a hos wnt a hee usted/é1/ella ale ustedes/ellos/ellas ac, 2, The second part ofa perfect verb is the POS PORTICPLE ‘This is, in English, the “-ed” or “-en” part of the verb, To form the past participle: remove the verb ending and add “-ado” to -ar verbs and add “ido” to -er or -ir verbs, Remove -ar and add: Remove -er/-ir and add: ODO (DO 3, Put the two parts of the perfect verb together. Now, you try a few. a.thaveworked= HE VRa®GSa00 b.Youhaveeaten.=___ HAS COMUIDO . Diana has lived. = Noo vivido dWehavegone(i).=_ _WEMOS IDO eVallhavecooked. = HOnd COCINDDO £ You guys have cimbed= NOK) SUBIDO CSWBIEDJUST A FEW IRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLES EXIST The 11 irregular past participles are: ja. hacer dylincke \ee\ao 2 decir so. [all dicho 3 poner palfplee | PUESTO 4 ver visto 5. escribir eserito & abrir pen abrerto 7 abtireger | coblecto 8 romper brea robo 9. resOlver, solve, fsvakky LO.volver cabo, Voelto U.morir dio, Mvecto Learn them in order with the corresponding movements. This “cheer” will help you remember them forever!!! Follow your teacher's lead now. 3. Put the two parts of the perfect verb together with irregular past participles. Now, you try a few. a. [have resolved. = HE RESOELTD . b. You have returned. = Wes VUELTO. c. Diana has said, = Noo DICno. dd. We have done = HEMOS NECHO e. Yallhave broken. = HOW ROT‘ f. You guys have seen. = Hand VISTO, WHAT ELSE DO I NEED TO KNOW? Many students get confused about what to do with other parts of a sentence that includes a perfect verb. First, know that the two parts ofa perfect verb are _hebee + vee + apo/ino. ‘Then, learn from the following examples: 1. Negative words come before the verb: nunca, no. Thave never travelled to South America. = ‘Nunca he viajado a Sur América, 2, Words referencing a time come before or after the verb: ‘ya, todavia, muchas veces, pocas veces, raras veces, siempre b. Have you eaten yet? = zYahascomido? O gHascomido ya? «.I have sen that movie many times.= NNUCNGS VECES TE 1ST Eso. PELIGOLn o HE VIS Eso. PELTCULIK Muchas VECES, @3. Pronouns: What should you do with reflexive (to self or one another). Indirect (to whom?) me nose me nos te 0s ew | os se se le les or direct (replace a noun or person - answer “what"?) pronouns? me nos te | os lo /la los /las Pronouns work with perfect verbs just like they work with any other verb. Place BEFORE a CONJUGATED verb. (A perfect verb, because it is compound, is considered 2. INDIRECT: She has told him. =_(— 3. DIRECT: They have cooked it (the pasta). 4. One more detail: Verbs that have two vowels in th oft 1. REFLEXIVE: [have fallen asleep. = _(Y\E_ WE HoemM IDO i Jo DICHO OK _ Nand rh infinitive form (except for wi) require a written, accent on the / in the past participle. The six most common are: caer Cavra traer TRO a - 7 Mest: LETbo rete RE(DO oir oa creer CRE MDD Now, you try a few. a. [have fallen. = NE cofoo. b. You have brought. = c. Diana has heard. = d, We have believed = e. Y'all have read. Has TRofoa. No Ooo, NEmos CREIDO. fons LEM . F. You guys have laughed. = Han RE IDO + COMIN ADO :